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ISO-9000 standards are made up of five parts namely ISO-9000, ISO-9001, ISO-9002, ISO-9003
and ISO-9004.
ISO-9000 and ISO-9004 are advisory documents. For instance, ISO-9000 contains guidelines for
using the standards.
The standards are contained in ISO-9001, 9002 and 9003.
2. Which ISO standard would be applicable if the product or the service involved design and
development?
It would involve ISO-9001 which is the model for quality assurance in design, development,
production, installation and servicing.
3. Can you tell us about ISO-9002 and 9003 also?
ISO-9002 is for quality assurance in production, installation and servicing and
ISO-9003 is for quality assurance in final inspection and test.
4. What are the common profiles used for splines in machine elements?
The profiles used for splines in machine elements are straight sided splines, triangular splines and
involute splines.
5. What type of threads are used for pressure tight joints and for power transmission?
Pipe threads are used for pressure tight joints and square threads for power transmission.
6. How computer helps in designing?
Computer is able to store lot of information and same can be retrieved fast. It performs
calculations very fast. The design can be visualized on screen and any alterations made and its
effects clearly seen. Thus optimum designs can be achieved much faster and these are thoroughly
tested from all angles.
7. Can you tell something about Hazop study?
In Hazop (Hazards and operatibility) study each and every conceivable process deviation from
normal operating condition of a system having identical design intention, is thoroughly analysed
for causes and consequence and required action plan to mitigate hazard/operability problems are
suggested on the basis of available protective system.
8. Why slenderness ratio is considered in design of members?
When length of the member is increased, the member may fail due to buckling
even though the member is symmetrical in all respects and the load is concentric.
9. What do you mean by allowance in limits and fits?
Allowance in limits and fits refers to maximum clearance between shaft and hole.
10. A wire rope is designated as 6 x 19 standard hoisting. What do the numbers
6 x 19 represent?
Number of strands x number of wires in each strand.
The slow and progressive deformation of a material with time under a constant stress.
60. What is knuckle joint?
A joint used to connect two rods subjected to tensile loads only.
Four Cs of Design
Creativity
Complexity
Choice
Compromise
Design Variables
Geometric Dimensions
Material Type
Tolerances
Engineering Notes
The Design Process
I.
Recognition of Need
II.
Definition of Problem
III.
Synthesis
IV.
V.
VI.
Evaluation
Presentation
Design of Standards:
Standard :
A standard is a generally agreed-upon set of procedures, criteria, dimensions, materials or parts.
Engineering standards may describe the dimensions and sizes of small parts like screws and
bearings.
It tells the engineer how to do it.
ASTM
AISC
ANSI
ISO