What type of connection is used at transformers used at

generation side and distribution side (start, delta)? Why?

1 Answer

Pranav Vora, Pursuing B.Tech in Electrical Enginnering

560 Views

Generator side: The transformers are generally step up transformers with LV winding
(i.e. primary) connected in Delta and HV winding (i.e. secondary) connected in Star.
-The advantages of using transformer's primary in delta are:
1) The line current gets divided by 3 and hence the cross-sectional area of the
conductor to be used in each of the three phases of the primary winding will be reduced.
Thus saving in copper.
2) Delta connection provides a path for the third order harmonic current and hence no
distortion because of it.
-The advantage of using transformer's secondary in star is:
1) On the secondary side, the line voltage is high and thus using star connection, the
phase voltage will be 1/3 times line voltage. Thus the cost of insulation is saved. Also,
the cost of insulation throughout the transmission line is reduced.
Distribution Side: The transformers in distribution side are step down transformers.
The HV winding is connected to source and LV winding is connected to load. Here the
LV winding (i.e secondary) is always star connected to provide a neutral point to
consumers by which 3-phase can be converted to 1-phase. The HV winding (i.e primary)
may be delta or star based upon the the KVA rating of transformers and economical
aspects of insulation and cross-sectional area of conductor to be used.
Written Jan 23 View Upvotes

Why is the secondary side of a transformer in a

distribution side a delta connection?
2 Answers

Aswin Shobhan, Extra-terrestrial, High functioning imbecile,

355 Views

Distribution transformers (step down) have their primary as delta connected. The
primary side or the h.v. side, has to receive high voltage and low current supply. Three
phase delta connection assures that phase current is lesser than line current.
Iph = I/3 (where I in line current)
It means that the primary conductors or each phase's h.v coils can be of lesser size
compared to star connected where line current is equal to phase current. Also there is
this thing about delta connection preventing third-harmonic currents from flowing in
the supply line and restricting it within the transformer.
Written Nov 18, 2015

Three Phase Transformers

Three Phase Transformer Basics
Thus far we have looked at the construction and operation of the single-phase, two winding voltage
transformer which can be used increase or decrease its secondary voltage with respect to the primary
supply voltage. But voltage transformers can also be constructed for connection to not only one single
phase, but for two-phases, three-phases, six-phases and even elaborate combinations up to 24-phases for
some DC rectification transformers.

If we take three single-phase transformers and connect their primary windings to each other and their
secondary windings to each other in a fixed configuration, we can use the transformers on a three-phase
supply.
Three-phase, also written as 3-phase or 3 supplies are used for electrical power generation, transmission,
and distribution, as well as for all industrial uses. Three-phase supplies have many electrical advantages
over single-phase power and when considering three-phase transformers we have to deal with three
alternating voltages and currents differing in phase-time by 120 degrees as shown below.

Three Phase Voltages and Currents

Where: VL is the line-to-line voltage, and VP is the phase-to-neutral voltage.

A transformer can not act as a phase changing device and change single-phase into three-phase or threephase into single phase. To make the transformer connections compatible with three-phase supplies we
need to connect them together in a particular way to form a Three Phase Transformer Configuration.
A three phase transformer or 3 transformer can be constructed either by connecting together three singlephase transformers, thereby forming a so-called three phase transformer bank, or by using one pre-

assembled and balanced three phase transformer which consists of three pairs of single phase windings
mounted onto one single laminated core.
The advantages of building a single three phase transformer is that for the same kVA rating it will be
smaller, cheaper and lighter than three individual single phase transformers connected together because the
copper and iron core are used more effectively. The methods of connecting the primary and secondary
windings are the same, whether using just one Three Phase Transformer or three separate Single Phase
Transformers. Consider the circuit below:

Three Phase Transformer Connections

The primary and secondary windings of a transformer can be connected in different configuration as
shown to meet practically any requirement. In the case of three phase transformer windings, three forms of
connection are possible: star (wye), delta (mesh) and interconnected-star (zig-zag).
The combinations of the three windings may be with the primary delta-connected and the secondary starconnected, or star-delta, star-star or delta-delta, depending on the transformers use. When transformers are
used to provide three or more phases they are generally referred to as a Polyphase Transformer.

Three Phase Transformer Star and Delta Configurations

But what do we mean by star (also known as Wye) and delta (also known as Mesh) when dealing with
three-phase transformer connections. A three phase transformer has three sets of primary and secondary

windings. Depending upon how these sets of windings are interconnected, determines whether the
connection is a star or delta configuration.
The three available voltages, which themselves are each displaced from the other by 120 electrical degrees,
not only decided on the type of the electrical connections used on both the primary and secondary sides,
but determine the flow of the transformers currents.
With three single-phase transformers connected together, the magnetic fluxs in the three transformers
differ in phase by 120 time-degrees. With a single the three-phase transformer there are three magnetic
fluxs in the core differing in time-phase by 120 degrees.
The standard method for marking three phase transformer windings is to label the three primary windings
with capital (upper case) letters A, B and C, used to represent the three individual phases
ofRED, YELLOW and BLUE. The secondary windings are labelled with small (lower case)
letters a, b andc. Each winding has two ends normally labelled 1 and 2 so that, for example, the second
winding of the primary has ends which will be labelled B1 and B2, while the third winding of the
secondary will be labelled c1 and c2 as shown.

Transformer Star and Delta Configurations

Symbols are generally used on a three phase transformer to indicate the type or types of connections used
with upper case Y for star connected, D for delta connected and Z for interconnected star primary

windings, with lower case y, d and z for their respective secondaries. Then, Star-Star would be labelled Yy,
Delta-Delta would be labelled Dd and interconnected star to interconnected star would be Zz for the same
types of connected transformers.

Transformer Winding Identification

Inte

We now know that there are four different ways in which three single-phase transformers may be
connected together between their primary and secondary three-phase circuits. These four standard
configurations are given as: Delta-Delta (Dd), Star-Star (Yy), Star-Delta (Yd), and Delta-Star (Dy).
Transformers for high voltage operation with the star connections has the advantage of reducing the
voltage on an individual transformer, reducing the number of turns required and an increase in the size of
the conductors, making the coil windings easier and cheaper to insulate than delta transformers.
The delta-delta connection nevertheless has one big advantage over the star-delta configuration, in that if
one transformer of a group of three should become faulty or disabled, the two remaining ones will continue
to deliver three-phase power with a capacity equal to approximately two thirds of the original output from
the transformer unit.

Transformer Delta and Delta Connections

In a delta connected ( Dd ) group of transformers, the line voltage, VL is equal to the supply
voltage,VL = VS. But the current in each phase winding is given as: 1/3 IL of the line current, where IL is
the line current.
One disadvantage of delta connected three phase transformers is that each transformer must be wound for
the full-line voltage, (in our example above 100V) and for 57.7 per cent, line current. The greater number
of turns in the winding, together with the insulation between turns, necessitate a larger and more expensive
coil than the star connection. Another disadvantage with delta connected three phase transformers is that
there is no neutral or common connection.
In the star-star arrangement ( Yy ), (wye-wye), each transformer has one terminal connected to a common
junction, or neutral point with the three remaining ends of the primary windings connected to the threephase mains supply. The number of turns in a transformer winding for star connection is 57.7 per cent, of
that required for delta connection.
The star connection requires the use of three transformers, and if any one transformer becomes fault or
disabled, the whole group might become disabled. Nevertheless, the star connected three phase transformer
is especially convenient and economical in electrical power distributing systems, in that a fourth wire may
be connected as a neutral point, ( n ) of the three star connected secondaries as shown.

Transformer Star and Star Connections

The voltage between any line of the three-phase transformer is called the line voltage, VL, while the
voltage between any line and the neutral point of a star connected transformer is called the phase
voltage, VP. This phase voltage between the neutral point and any one of the line connections
is 1/3 VL of the line voltage. Then above, the primary side phase voltage, VP is given as.

The secondary current in each phase of a star-connected group of transformers is the same as that for the
line current of the supply, then IL = IS.
Then the relationship between line and phase voltages and currents in a three-phase system can be
summarised as:

Three-phase Voltage and Current

Connection

Star

Delta

Where again, VL is the line-to-line voltage, and VP is the phase-to-neutral voltage on either the primary or
the secondary side.
Other possible connections for three phase transformers are star-delta Yd, where the primary winding is
star-connected and the secondary is delta-connected or delta-star Dy with a delta-connected primary and a
star-connected secondary.
Delta-star connected transformers are widely used in low power distribution with the primary windings
providing a three-wire balanced load to the utility company while the secondary windings provide the
required 4th-wire neutral or earth connection.
When the primary and secondary have different types of winding connections, star or delta, the overall
turns ratio of the transformer becomes more complicated. If a three-phase transformer is connected as
delta-delta ( Dd ) or star-star ( Yy ) then the transformer could potentially have a 1:1turns ratio. That is the
input and output voltages for the windings are the same.
However, if the 3-phase transformer is connected in stardelta, ( Yd ) each star-connected primary winding
will receive the phase voltage, VP of the supply, which is equal to 1/3 VL.
Then each corresponding secondary winding will then have this same voltage induced in it, and since these
windings are delta-connected, the voltage 1/3 VL will become the secondary line voltage. Then with
a 1:1 turns ratio, a stardelta connected transformer will provide a 3:1 step-down line-voltage ratio.
Then for a stardelta ( Yd ) connected transformer the turns ratio becomes:

Star-Delta Turns Ratio

Likewise, for a deltastar ( Dy ) connected transformer, with a 1:1 turns ratio, the transformer will provide
a 1:3 step-up line-voltage ratio. Then for a delta-star connected transformer the turns ratio becomes:

Delta-Star Turns Ratio

Then for the four basic configurations of a three-phase transformer, we can list the transformers secondary
voltages and currents with respect to the primary line voltage, VL and its primary line current IL as shown in
the following table.

Three-phase Transformer Line Voltage and Current

Primary-Seconda
Configuration

Delta Delta

Delta Star

Star Delta

Star Star

Where: n equals the transformers turns ratio (T.R.) of the number of secondary windings NS, divided by
the number of primary windings NP. ( NS/NP ) and VL is the line-to-line voltage with VPbeing the phase-toneutral voltage.

Three Phase Transformer Example

The primary winding of a delta-star ( Dy ) connected 50VA transformer is supplied with a 100 volt, 50Hz
three-phase supply. If the transformer has 500 turns on the primary and 100 turns on the secondary
winding, calculate the secondary side voltages and currents.
Given Data: transformer rating, 50VA, supply voltage, 100v, primary turns 500, secondary turns, 100.

Then the secondary side of the transformer supplies a line voltage, VL of about 35v giving a phase
voltage, VP of 20v at 0.834 amperes.

Three Phase Transformer Construction

We have said previously that the three-phase transformer is effectively three interconnected single phase
transformers on a single laminated core and considerable savings in cost, size and weight can be achieved
by combining the three windings onto a single magnetic circuit as shown.
A three-phase transformer generally has the three magnetic circuits that are interlaced to give a uniform
distribution of the dielectric flux between the high and low voltage windings. The exception to this rule is a
three-phase shell type transformer. In the shell type of construction, even though the three cores are
together, they are non-interlaced.

Three Phase Transformer Construction

The three-limb core-type three-phase transformer is the most common method of three-phase transformer
construction allowing the phases to be magnetically linked. Flux of each limb uses the other two limbs for
its return path with the three magnetic fluxs in the core generated by the line voltages differing in timephase by 120 degrees. Thus the flux in the core remains nearly sinusoidal, producing a sinusoidal
secondary supply voltage.
The shell-type five-limb type three-phase transformer construction is heavier and more expensive to build
than the core-type. Five-limb cores are generally used for very large power transformers as they can be
made with reduced height. A shell-type transformers core materials, electrical windings, steel enclosure
and cooling are much the same as for the larger single-phase types.

Previous
The Current Transformer

Next
Bipolar Transistor

Other Tutorials in Transformers

Star-Star (Y-Y)
Connection of Three
Phase Transformers

ELECTRICAL ENGR - 21:49

There are different types of connection employed for three phase

transformers. The star-star (Y-Y) connection of three phase
transformers is most economical type of connection for small
current and high voltage transformers. The advantages and disadvantages
of this connection are given below,

Advantages of Star-Star Connection

The following are the advantages of star-star connection

Phase voltage = (Line Voltage)/3 . The voltage get reduced in phase

and this in turn reduces number of turns per phase and the amount of
insulation.

There is no phase displacement between the primary and secondary

voltages

Star points on both sides make it possible to provide neutral

connection

Disadvantages of Star-Star Connection

The disadvantages of star star connection of three phase transformer are
the following

If the load on the secondary side of the transformer is unbalanced,

the phase voltages of load side change unless the load star point is
earthed. The difficulty of shifting neutral can be overcome by

connecting the primary star point to the star point of the generator.

The primary of the transformer draws a magnetizing current which

has third and fifth
harmonics. If neutral of primary winding is not connected to neutral of
generator, the

third and fifth harmonics current cannot flow hence the flux in the core
cannot be of sinusoidal wave and, therefore, the voltages will be
distorted. By connecting primary neutral to the generator neutral, the
path for return of these third and fifth harmonics current is provided
and, therefore, the trouble of distortion of voltages is overcome.

Even if neutral point of primary is connected to neutral of generator

or earthed, still if third harmonic is present in the alternator voltage
form, it will appear on secondary side. Though the secondary line
voltages do not contain third harmonic voltage; but the 3rd harmonic
voltages are additive in the neutral and causes the current in the
neutral of tipple frequency (3rd harmonic) which
interference to the nearby communication system.

will

cause

Thus harmonic phase voltages may be high in-shell type 3-phase

transformers.

The star-star connection is rarely used owing to the difficulties associated

with the exciting current.

Transformer Vector Groups

The three phase transformer windings can be connected several ways. Based on the windings'
connection, the vector group of the transformer is determined.

The transformer vector group is indicated on the Name Plate of transformer by the manufacturer.
The vector group indicates the phase difference between the primary and secondary sides,
introduced due to that particular configuration of transformer windings connection.

The Determination of vector group of transformers is very important before connecting two or
more transformers in parallel. If two transformers of different vector groups are connected in
parallel then phase difference exist between the secondaries of the transformers and large
circulating current flows between the two transformers which is very detrimental.

The three phase transformer primary and secondary windings are mainly connected in the
following ways

Wye - Wye (also called Star-Star)

Wye - Delta (also called Star-Delta)

Delta -Wye ( also called Delta-Star)

Delta - Delta

The Star connection is also called Wye as it resembles the English letter 'Y'. As both the names
Star and Wye are equally used we have the freedom to use them interchangeably. Of course some
people also use the term 'Mesh' in place of 'Delta'. Let us first consider the Wye - Delta type where
three primary windings are connected in Wye and the three secondary windings in Delta.

For this whole article you have to remember few points below to enhance learning. It is applicable
for both single unit type and single-phase bank of transformer type.

The windings A1A2 and a1a2 are wound on the same limb of core. So also the other two
sets of windings. (In case of 3-phase bank of transformers the two windings correspond to
same single phase transformer).

The primary and secondary windings on the same limb of the core are shown with same
color.

The windings on Delta and Star sides are diagrammatically rearranged in Delta and Star
like shapes(according to connection) respectively just to enhance learning.

The voltage developed in the windings shown with same color(placed on same limb of
core) are in phase(or zero phase displacement). Hence the corresponding phasors are
drawn parallel to each other.

Wye - Delta (Star-Delta) transformer

The windings in the primary are connected in Wye(Star) and the secondary windings are
connected in Delta.

In the primary side the three windings are A1-A2, B1-B2 and C1-C2.
Similarly the three secondary windings are a1-a2, b1-b2 and c1-c2.

It should be noted that both the windings A1-A2 of primary and a1-a2 of secondary are wound on
the same limb of core. The naming of the terminals has been done according to their polarity.
Other wise you can imagine that when A2 is positive with respect to A1, then also a2 is positive
with respect to a1. Think similarly for the other windings.

See carefully the diagram below. A2,B2,C2 and a2,b2,c2 are respectively the primary and
Secondary side terminals taken out side of transformer.

In the primary side the three windings are connected in star. So we have shorted A1, B1 and C1.
This is the primary side (star side) neutral 'N'. In the secondary side the three windings are
connected in delta. Here windings a1-a2 and A1-A2 are wound on the same limb of the core, so
the corresponding voltage waves are in phase. Hence we have drawn a1-a2 parallel to A1-A2.
similarly windings b1-b2 is drawn parallel to B1-B2 and c1-c2 drawn parallel to C1-C2. To see the
actual physical placing of the windings on the core limbs of transformer see my (archived)
articleThree PhaseTransformer Basics. There also you can find one example for a bank of three
single phase transformers used as three phase transformer.

In the phasor diagrams we have drawn primary side voltage phasors A1A2, B1B2 and C1C2. As

usual for three phase system, these are the phasors displaced 120 degree from each
other.Similarly in the secondary side voltage phasors a1a2, b1b2 and c1c2 are drawn. Just observe
that a1a2 is parallel to A1A2, b1b2 is parallel to B1B2 and c1c2 is parallel to C1C2. I repeat here,
that, this is because a1a2 and A1 A2 are in phase (as they are wound on the same limb of core).
Similarly b1b2 and B1B2 are in phase and also c1c2 and C1C2 are in phase.

In the delta side we have so arranged that the phasors form the Delta. In the winding connection
diagram a2 is connected to b1 so in the phasor diagram a2 and b1 are joined. Similarly by joining
other two phasors according to their winding connection, we will automatically get the above
phasor diagram.

The neutral (star point) physically exist in the star side . In the delta side physically the neutral
point does not exist so it cannot be brought out. The delta side neutral is the imaginary point 'n'
(geometrically found) which is equidistant from a2, b2 and c2.

c2a2, a2b2 and b2c2 are the line voltages in secondary delta side. So na2, nb2 and nc2 are the
phase voltages in secondary side.

Now compare the primary side vector diagram and secondary side vector diagram. From the
diagram it is clear that as if the secondary side phasor triad has been rotated counterclockwise
with respect to primary side. From the geometry it can be confirmed that this angle is 30 degree.
As the phasors are rotating counterclockwise, so the secondary side phasor a2n (phase voltage)
lead the primary side phasor A2N (phase voltage) by 30 degree.

The transformers are classified into different Vector Groups depending on this phase difference
between the primary and secondary sides, obtained due to different connection philosophy.

IEC has devised the standard code for determination of transformer vector group.
According to IEC the code for vector group consist of 2 or more letters followed by one or two
digits.

The first letter is Capital letter which may be Y, D or Z, which stands for High voltage side
Star, Delta orinterconnected Star windings respectively.

The second letter is a small letter which may be y, d or z which stands for low voltage side
Star, Delta orinterconnected Star windings respectively.

The third is the digits which stands for the phase difference between the high voltage and
low voltage sides.

From the above three points, the first two are quite straightforward. The third one follows the clock
convention as described below.

In this convention the transformer high voltage side phase voltage (line to Neutral)
represented by Minute hand is fixed at 12 O'clock position and the low voltage side phase voltage
(line to neutral) is represented by the Hour hand which is free to move. Clearly when the minute
hand is fixed at 12 position the hour hand can take only twelve numbers of discrete positions 1, 2,
3 ... upto 12 (think it twice). The angle between any two consecutive numbers in a clock is 30
degrees (360/12). Hence the angle between hour and minute hands can only be multiples of 30
degrees. See the figure.

Note: Remember that in star and zig-zag connection the neutral point exist physically and in delta
connection the neutral does not exist physically and called virtual. But the line to neutral voltage
can always be calculated algebraically/geometrically.

Now back to our discussion of Star-Delta transformer. We have already shown that the low voltage
secondary side phasor a2n leads the high voltage primary side phasor A2N by 30 degree.
(remember that the comparison is between the phase voltages). According to the clock convention
this specific case represent 11 O' clock. So the above transformer connection can be represented
by the symbol Yd11(or YNd11). N or n may be used for a brought out neutral. Here we will keep
the material simple and will not mention the neutral symbol.

Let us change the connection slightly to get the Yd1 vector group. See Fig-B, here the primary side
is as before, but in the secondary side a1 is connected to b2 etc. (compare with previous
diagram).

In the above diagram the individual phasors are still the same as in Yd11 case. Here we have only
rearranged the phasors of delta side, only to satisfy the connection changes in the secondary side.
Here the clock face indicate One O' clock. As a result we obtain the Yd1 vector symbol.

Let us consider another important connection, Primary in Delta and Secondary Star connected.

Delta-Wye (Delta-Star) connection

Here the primary windings are connected in Delta and the secondary windings are connected in
Star or Wye. The naming convention is similar to the Wye-Delta transformer.
In the figure-C see how the windings of primary and secondary sides are connected in Delta and
Star respectively. Also see the corresponding phasors. In the Delta side each winding is subjected
to line voltage, but in Wye side each winding is subjected to phase voltage (V/1.73).

As already told and shown, although the neutral is not physically available in Delta side, but
neutral point 'n' can be found geometrically . The arrow NA2 is the phasor representing phase
voltage of high voltage side (primary). In the Star side(low voltage side) arrow na2 is clearly the
phasor representing the phase voltage of low voltage side.

From the diagram applying school geometry it is clear that na 2 phasor lags NA2 phasor by 30
degrees.

Applying IEC coding:

NA2 is minute hand fixed at 12 O' clock and na2 is hour hand at 1 O' clock (as the angle between
the two is 30 degrees)

So the transformer is identified with Dy1 symbol.

Similarly just slightly modifying the connection above we can get Dy11 notation. Here we have
rearranged the windings in the primary side for connection modification and convenience. See FigD.

If you understand the above examples then identifying Star-Star and Delta-Delta vector group are
very easy. One can reasonably say that the phase difference between the primary and secondary
sides of both these cases is zero. The vector group symbols will be Yy0 and Dd0.

Remember the connections can be two different ways. Consider the Wye-Wye connection. In Yy0
(zero phase displacement between primary and secondary) secondary side neutral is obtained by
shorting the terminals a1, b1 & c1 and a2,b2 & c2 are brought out terminals. In Yy6 (180 degree
phase displaced) the neutral is obtained by shorting a2,b2 & c2 and a1,b1&c1 are brought
out terminals. See Fig-E and Fig-F.

Transformer connections are categorised into four main groups as tabulated below

Undoubtedly transformers belonging to the same group can be operated in parallel without any
difficulty.

It is impossible to run in parallel, transformers in Group1 and 2 with transformers in Group3 and
4.You consider any one from group 1 or 2 and any one from group 3 or 4 and see the phase
difference, which inhibit their paralleling.

Also transformers in group1 and group2 cannot be operated in parallel as there is 180 degree
phase difference between the two secondary windings. This can only be rectified by changing
internal connection.

Similarly if group3 and group4 transformers will be connected in parallel then there will be 60
degrees phase difference between their secondary windings. But with transformer external
connection modification the phase difference of secondaries can be made zero. So group3 and
group4 transformers can be operated in parallel with some external modification.

Labels: transformer

42 comments:

Anonymous said...
where is vector diagram
August 5, 2010 at 4:36 PM

Anonymous said...
This tutorial is very useful. I had a question regarding a YNd9 connection. If I'm right, the
coupling of this connection is the following:
AN - cb
BN - ba
CN - ac

What surprises me is that I thought the following relation was always true:
EAN / Ean = EAB / Eab

It seems that this is not true for the YNd9. I can't seem to explain why. In other words, I

thought we could do the clock convention from the line-to-line voltage.

Any comments on that statement?

Jean - jelacb@gmail.com
September 29, 2010 at 6:36 PM

Mubashir Hawlk said...

I read your post. Really it's a interesting post by you.Thanks for all the reviews you write
about Voltage Transformer. This are more helpful for all.
October 8, 2010 at 8:34 PM

swagat said...
All the things are understandable but I have a doubt that how can we get phase difference
lag or lead by changing connections
October 19, 2010 at 12:16 PM

Anonymous said...
Really useful but no zigzag connections??
November 7, 2010 at 7:53 PM

Anonymous said...
Thank you!!! very good report...
December 20, 2010 at 2:09 PM

Anonymous said...

Could anybody explain to me Dyn5 vector notation? Some transformer manufacturers are
using this vector group.
January 30, 2011 at 9:46 PM

Anonymous said...
Thanks very helpful
February 5, 2011 at 1:01 PM

Anonymous said...
can any one tell me what is the requirement of phase differences in between the primary &
secondary windings of transformer, is it possible to design a tranformer having vector
group YNd0 or Dyn0.
Plz reply
April 28, 2011 at 4:45 PM

Anonymous said...
This was really useful.. Thank you very much..!!!
May 7, 2011 at 11:15 AM

SURENDRA THAKUR (A-Gyani Ji) said...

thanks dear this is very usefull to all
July 14, 2011 at 12:14 PM

SURENDRA THAKUR (A-Gyani Ji) said...

thanks dear this is very useful to all friends

July 14, 2011 at 12:17 PM

Anonymous said...
from delta- wye connection stepdown of transformer, can i use wye connection in the
secondary side with floating neutral? will it be critical to equipment?
October 9, 2011 at 1:23 PM

Anonymous said...
It is not possible to have zero phase difference with YNd or Dyn windings. Use YNyn or Dd
windings.
This should not be needed if all transformers are the same vector group.
October 31, 2011 at 7:15 AM

Ulhas said...
Very good technical details SIR.

Regards,

Ulhas Pradhan
November 3, 2011 at 4:39 PM

Vandana Transformers said...

manufacturers and suppliers of electronic transformers in Bangalore
November 21, 2011 at 5:31 PM

Anonymous said...

More elobration is required please

December 7, 2011 at 4:43 PM

synthesis said...
Standard Transformers is a private limited company engaged in manufacture, testing of
Transformers & Rectifiers Stabilizers in the voltage class.
December 9, 2011 at 4:51 PM

3 phase transformer said...

Hi,
Thanks to you for share tips and knowledgeable information about transformer.
December 31, 2011 at 11:38 AM

Anonymous said...
this was great...thank you so much.
January 29, 2012 at 11:58 AM

Anonymous said...
good for lerners .
February 1, 2012 at 8:48 PM

Anonymous said...
Best explanation, I have seen
March 9, 2012 at 7:48 AM

Anonymous said...
Can Ynd11 transformer be used as a replacment for Dyn11...what will be the
consequences?
March 21, 2012 at 1:11 PM

Nauman Hammad said...

Elect Power Inc basically Electrical Transformers manufacturers based in Canada deals
world wide. We Provide complete range of Electrical Transformers.

Step up Transformers
September 13, 2012 at 4:23 PM

Anonymous said...
how about for single phase.. pls anybody can help me
October 2, 2012 at 8:52 AM

robinhoodpandey said...
can you tell the advantage of different vector group and effect of harmonics on each vector
group
November 29, 2012 at 9:38 AM

Zonedestruct said...
Thanks mate, this is useful information that I need to know and is not covered in my
textbook.
April 6, 2013 at 6:07 PM

Supravat Behera said...

pls give idea in single pase
June 14, 2013 at 11:33 AM

Kunal Panchal said...

Extremely helpful.. Thank you very much.. :-)
November 26, 2013 at 11:27 PM

Muhammad ALI YUNUS said...

what is the difference between YN0d11 and YNd11
January 9, 2014 at 12:10 PM

Muhammad ALI YUNUS said...

what is the difference between YN0d11 and YNd11
January 9, 2014 at 3:30 PM

Khoo tzung hsuen said...

This is good keep it up bro
March 22, 2014 at 3:04 PM

Anonymous said...
Very useful article

July 10, 2014 at 8:20 AM

Anonymous said...
very helpful....thanks
September 21, 2014 at 4:52 PM

Anonymous said...
What is the vector group designation for a Delta:"modified" Zig-Zag with -15 degree phase
shift as opposed to a Delta:Zig-Zag with 0 degree phase shift Dzn0?
September 25, 2014 at 7:13 PM

Anonymous said...
thanks a lot for this tutorial..
November 25, 2014 at 10:29 AM

Frederick Mwambafula said...

Very nice explanation Sir.
Thank you so much.
October 26, 2015 at 12:25 PM

Anonymous said...
Can someone explain how to identify the vector group looking at the winding connections.
In the reverse, how to connect the 3 phase windings for a given vector group, taking an
example of Yd11 or Yd1 shown on website. I will be grateful.
March 2, 2016 at 6:57 PM

Unknown said...
Hai everybody is anybody knows about the Yd11:40 and Yz0:20 vector group in VFD
Transformer so please explain me that what is :40 & :20 is stantes for can any one can
explain and I also if u have any related documents please send to my mail ID is
santhosh10923@gmail.com
March 14, 2016 at 8:34 AM

Peddathoti Suresh said...

Plz can anybody say.how to check vector group in site without having R & D name plate...
please share Ur voluble knowledge..
March 22, 2016 at 3: