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What I learnt was that new born babies utter one word, two words and
multiple words in succession as a result of social interactionism. While at
first he only speaks to make his needs be maintained, afterwards, this
communication goes up to a higher level and child takes social, strategic,
discourse elements of communicative competence as well as linguistic
competence into consideration. There have been some studies trying to
explain how child acquires his first lang. and develop it.
One of the approaches is behaviourist approach according to which every
human being is born with an empty mind (tabular asa) and this empty
mind is filled through environmental stimuli and reinforcement. As in the
case of the fact that the possibility of repetition of behaviours increases or
dicreases bound to the reward or punishment, verbal behaviours also
show some degree of repetition. For example, a baby who wants to drink
water utter some words like “bu bu “ and when mother react to one of them and
gives the baby water ;as a result, it starts to say “bu bu” everytime it is thirsty and forgets
others. On the other hand when a parent tells off her/his who uses slang and vulgar even
swear , the child reduces the rate of using them.
However , nativist approach claims as opposed to behaviourism that every child
Comes to the world with innate Language Acquisition Device(LAD). That
is , our lang. acquisition is innately determined and somehow systematic
and enables us to have our own internalised system of lang. Researches
claim that all humans regardless of their environment show a resemblence
of mistakes made at linguistic base. Child always comes up with
hypotheses and reshapes his speech ability with the method of trial and
error.