Vocabulary
Week
7


*Savonarola chair: A type of folding chair with a frame like an X viewed from the front
or the side originated in medieval Italy. Also known as a Savonarola or Dante chair in
Italy, or a Luther chair in Germany, the X-chair was a light and practical form that spread
through Renaissance Europe. In England, the Glastonbury chair made an X-shape by
crossing the front and back legs, while in Spain X-chairs were inlaid with ivory and
metals in the Moorish designs.



*cassapanca:
a carved bench of the Italian Renaissance, the seat of which is used as a
chest.

*sgabella:
is
an
Italian
term
for
a
specific
type
of
backstool,
moveable
seat
furniture

typical
of
the
Italian
Renaissance,
when
a
chair
(sedia)
usually
signified
an
armchair,

a
seat
of
some
hieratic
importance.
Sgabelli
are
generally
made
out
of
walnut
and

consist
of
a
thin
plank
or
panelled
back
and
an
octagonal
seat,
supported
on
shaped

plank
supports,
strengthened
by
a
stretcher,
which
may
be
turned.
This
seat
would

often
be
placed
in
hallways,
and
was
often
carved
with
a
family's
imprese
or
emblem

drawn
from
its
coat‐of‐arms.
Its
primary
purpose
was
not
lounging
comfort.


Bun
feet


*renaissance:
(French
for
"rebirth";
Italian:
Rinascimento,
from
ri­
"again"
and

nascere
"be
born")[1]
was
a
cultural
movement
that
spanned
roughly
the
14th
to
the

17th
century,
beginning
in
Florence
in
the
Late
Middle
Ages
and
later
spreading
to

the
rest
of
Europe.
The
term
is
also
used
more
loosely
to
refer
to
the
historic
era,
but

since
the
changes
of
the
Renaissance
were
not
uniform
across
Europe,
this
is
a

general
use
of
the
term.
As
a
cultural
movement,
it
encompassed
a
resurgence
of

learning
based
on
classical
sources,
the
development
of
linear
perspective
in

painting,
and
gradual
but
widespread
educational
reform.
Traditionally,
this

intellectual
transformation
has
resulted
in
the
Renaissance
being
viewed
as
a
bridge

between
the
Middle
Ages
and
the
Modern
era.
Although
the
Renaissance
saw

revolutions
in
many
intellectual
pursuits,
as
well
as
social
and
political
upheaval,
it

is
perhaps
best
known
for
its
artistic
developments
and
the
contributions
of
such

polymaths
as
Leonardo
da
Vinci
and
Michelangelo,
who
inspired
the
term

"Renaissance
man".[2][3]


Petrarch:
(July
20,
1304
–
July
19,
1374),
known
in
English
as
Petrarch,
was
an

Italian
scholar,
poet
and
one
of
the
earliest
Renaissance
humanists.
Petrarch
is
often

called
the
"Father
of
Humanism".[1]
Based
on
Petrarch's
works,
as
well
as
those
of

Giovanni
Boccaccio
and
above
all
Dante
Alighieri,
Pietro
Bembo
in
the
16th
century

created
the
model
for
the
modern
Italian
language,
later
endorsed
by
the
Accademia

della
Crusca.
His
sonnets
were
admired
and
imitated
throughout
Europe
during
the

Renaissance
and
became
a
model
for
lyrical
poetry.
Petrarch
was
also
known
for

being
one
of
the
first
people
to
refer
to
the
Dark
Ages.

*drum


*dome


*lantern


sloping
chimney:


*bottle‐glass
window:


Della
Robbia:
Luca
Della
Robbia
developed
a
pottery
glaze
that
made
his
creations

more
durable
in
the
outdoors
and
thus
suitable
for
use
on
the
exterior
of
buildings.

His
work
is
noted
for
its
charm
rather
than
the
drama
of
the
work
of
some
of
his

contemporaries.
Two
of
his
famous
works
are
The
Nativity,
circa
1460
and
Madonna

and
Child,
circa
1475.
He
is
the
first
of
a
dynasty
of
important
pottery
artists:
Andrea

della
Robbia
(his
nephew)
and
Giovanni
della
Robbia
(his
grandnephew,
son
of

Andrea).


Black
Death:
was
one
of
the
deadliest
pandemics
in
human
history,
peaking
in

Europe
between
1348
and
1350.
It
is
widely
thought
to
have
been
an
outbreak
of

bubonic
plague
caused
by
the
bacterium
Yersinia
pestis,
but
this
view
has
recently

been
challenged.
Usually
thought
to
have
started
in
Central
Asia,
it
had
reached
the

Crimea
by
1346.
From
there,
probably
carried
by
fleas
residing
on
the
black
rats
that

were
regular
passengers
on
merchant
ships,
it
spread
throughout
the

Mediterranean
and
Europe.


‐bubonic
plague:


‐pneumonic
plague


‐septicemic
plague


Hundred
Years
War


*Piano
nobile/primo
piano:
(Italian,
"noble
floor"
or
"noble
level")
is
the
principal

floor
of
a
large
house,
usually
built
in
one
of
the
styles
of
classical
renaissance

architecture.
This
floor
contains
the
principal
reception
and
bedrooms
of
the
house.


*Andrea
Palladio


Michelangelo



Lettiera


*coffered
ceilings


*trompe


*studiolo





On
Final:
Why
did
the
Renaissance
start
in
Florence
rather
then
Venice?


Families
in
Power.
Venice
was
much
more
stable.
Ruled
by
a
dosge
and
a
council.