UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MEMB331 MACHINE DESIGN & CAD LAB

EXP. TITLE

: CRANK AND SLOTTED LEVER QUICK

RETURN MOTION EXPERIMENT
.

SECTION

: 3B.

GROUP NUMBER : 1..

GROUP MEMBER:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
INSTRUCTOR
Performed Date
15/6/2016

ABDULAZIZ BIN AHMAD FAUZI ME095445

PRAGASRAU A/L APALASAMY ME095566
MUHAMMAD HAIQAL AZNAN ME095536
DINESH RAU A/L RAJINDRAN ME095479
LIM CHIN WEI ME095506

: MOHD. FIRDAUS BIN JAAFAR, MR.

Due Date*
23/6/2016

Submitted Date
22/6/2016

*Late submission penalty: Late 1 day: 20%, Late 2 days: 40%, Late 3 days: 60%, More
than 3 days: not accepted

TABLE OF CONTENT

NO.
1
2

CONTENT
OBJECTIVE
DATA, OBSERVATION

PAGE
2
3

AND CALCULATION OF
3

RESULT
ANALYSIS AND

4
5

DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE

8
8

Objective:

There are two major objectives being discussed in this experiment that is, the
investigation of a crank and slotted lever quick return mechanism to show that it is
indeed a quick return mechanism and the evaluation of the increase in efficiency that the
system may offer if it is applies to a machine tool. The experiment results in the findings
of the cranks angle, crosshead position and the crosshead velocity.

Data, Observation and Calculation of results:

Crank Angles,

Experimental slider

Theoretical slider

(degrees)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360

position, (mm)
68.5
77
85
93
100.5
107.5
114
119
124
127
128.5
128.5
126
122
115
106
95
82
68
55
42
31
22.5
16
12
10
9.5
11.5
14.5
18
24
29.5
36
44
52
60
69

position, (mm)
70
78.35
86.58
94.53
102.08
109.07
115.36
120.77
125.12
128.21
129.82
129.71
127.65
123.39
116.79
107.81
96.66
83.8
70
56.2
43.34
32.19
23.21
16.61
12.35
10.29
10.18
11.79
14.88
19.23
24.64
30.93
37.92
45.47
53.42
61.65
70

Sample Calculations:
Expression for Theoretical slider position, (x) in term of .

Experimental velocity,
mm /
0
0.85
0.8
0.8
0.75
0.75
0.65
0.5
0.5
0.3
0.15
0
-0.25
-0.4
-0.7
-0.9
-1.1
-1.3
-1.4
-1.3
-1.3
-1.1
-0.85
-0.65
-0.4
-0.2
-0.05
0.2
0.3
0.35
0.6
0.55
0.65
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9

y=OB sin
x=40 cos

y ' = AC sin 2
240 sin 2

2= tan1

( 160+y x )

Theoretical postion , x ' =70+ y ' =70+240 sin 2

tan

240sin
70+
Theoretical postion , x ' =

Theoretical Slider Position, x (mm):

For = 20,

y=40 sin

40 sin 20
13.680

x=40 cos

 40 cos 20
37.587

2= tan1

( 160+y x )

tan 1

13.680
( 160+37.587
)

3.960

y ' =240 sin 2

240 sin3.960
16.577

'

Theoretical postion , x =70+ y

'

70+240 sin 2
70+16.577
= 86.58 mm
Velocity of the Slider
Crosshead velocity = Change in position / change in crank angle
= Crosshead position (mm) / Angle ()
= (85mm-77mm) / (20-10)
= 0.8 mm/

Analysis and Discussion

Graph of Slider Position vs Crank Angle

140
120
100
80
Slider Position

experimental
theorethical

60
40
20
0
0

50

100 150 200 250 300 350 400

Crank Angle

Slider Velocity vs Crank angle

1.5
1
0.5
Velocity ,m/s

0
0
-0.5

50

100

150

200

-1
-1.5
-2
Crank Angle

DISCUSSION

250

300

350

400

1.How well does the experimental results agree with the predictions from the theory?
- the diverse reading between both theoretical and experimental results might be due to
students own error which means the error might have occurred while the readings are taken
or recorded. While the experiment is undergoing, the pointer might not be exactly pointed at
the specific angle causing the results or the reading to be altered a tiny bit. Therefore, the
experimental value might differ from the theoretical value.
2. What rotation angle is required for the cutting and return strokes?
- based on the data we can analyzed that the cutting stroke is established by reduction of
return stroke and slider position by an increment towards slider position. Angles of 250 to
360 degrees are required in order for cutting stroke to rotates. The movement for return stroke
are proven to be shorter than cutting stroke. Therefore, it becomes the breaking point whereas
the slider can reach during cutting procedure. The slider operates from angle 100 to 250
degrees for return transform. It shows the movement between cutting as well as return stroke.
3. Discuss the motion of the slider and verify that is indeed a quick return mechanism.
- the slider motion are indeed a quick return mechanism due to the fact that the result gained
has equivalent pattern to the hypothesis of this analysis, which are quick return and cutting
stroke. The results shows that the return incline are steeper than the forward cutting stroke
slant. The cutting stroke does require higher rate so that, it is expected it uses more power to
work it, which contradicts with return stroke.
4. What is the increase in efficiency (in terms of the time required for each stroke in one
revolution of crank) obtainable in the mechanism?
- to increase the efficiency of the mechanism time wise, the coupler has to be shortened to
make the return stroke to act faster which results more efficiency.

CONCLUSION
To sum up, a crank and slotted quick return mechanism kinematic motion has been
studied. From the result gained, it demonstrates that the cutting stroke require more crank
angle than the return stroke. It is clarified that the mechanism has a quick return stroke
motion. we managed to achieve the main objective of this experiment.
The distribution power at the return stroke is lower than the cutting stroke. This occur
due to the return stroke requires no work for its motion. From this experiment this mechanism
states that It produce slow motion for cutting stroke but faster motion for return stroke. Thus
it makes it uses less energy to be consumed for constant velocity of the driving crank.

REFERENCES

Department of Mechanical Engineering. 2014. Machine Design and CAD Laboratory.

Universiti Tenaga Nasional. Pp 35-42.

http://mechanics.infoswing.com/2011/06/crank-and-slotted-lever-quick-return.html