Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM)

OVERVIEW
Other Name: Abductor digiti quinti (ADQ).
Key Points:
Abducts the small finger.
Hypothenar eminence muscle (an intrinsic hand muscle).
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Abductor Digiti Minimi201.7 KB

EXAMINATION
Muscle Function:
Primary:
Abducts metacarpal-phalangeal and carpal-metacarpal joints of small finger.
Assists in opposition of small finger.
Secondary:
Metacarpal phalangeal joint flexion of small finger.
Interphalangeal joint extension of small finger.
Palpation: Palpate ulnar aspect of hypothenar muscles while resisting small finger
abduction.
Palpasi: Palpasi aspek ulnar otot hipotenar sementara menolak penculikan jari kecil.
Strength Testing: Position the palmar side up. Stabilize the hand. Resist the
small finger abduction (in the direction of adduction).
Possible Substitutions: Extensor digiti minimi keep the small finger in neutral to
prevent substitution and in respect to flexion and extension. Avoid small finger
extension.
Relevant Anatomy:
Innervation:
Roots: C8, T1.
Nerve: Ulnar nerve; deep motor branch.
Innervation Route: C8, T1 ulnar nerve deep motor branch abductor digiti
minimi branch.
Origin: Distal pisiform, flexor carpi ulnaris tendon, and connective tissue lying between

hook of hamate and pisiform.

Insertion: Splits into two tendon slips going to proximal phalanx base (at ulnar tubercle)
of small finger, and ulnar aspect of extensor hood of small finger.
Extensor pollicis longus
Positioning: klien terlentang dengan lengan netral (jempol).
1. pasif ulnaris pergelangan menyimpang menciptakan ketegangan dalam jaringan.
2. Cari proses styloid radial dengan ibu jari dan geser lateral ke tendon ekstensor
polisis longus. Ekstensor polisis longus membentuk batas lateral snuffbox anatomis
(dari posisi ini).
3. Klien menolak perpanjangan jempol untuk memastikan lokasi yang tepat.
Positioning: client supine with forearm neutral (thumb up).
Pergelangan tangan pasien membentuk supinasi
1. Passively ulnar deviate wrist to create tension in the tissue.
Lakukan ulnar deviation untuk membuat tekanan
2. Locate radial styloid process with thumb and slide laterally onto tendon of
extensor pollicis longus. Extensor pollicis longus makes up the lateral border
of the anatomical snuffbox (from this position).
Cari processus styloid dengan ibu jari dan geser lateral ke tendon extensor
pollicis longus.
3. Client resists thumb extension to ensure proper location.
Pasien menolak ekstensi jempol untuk memastikan lokasi yang tepat

Meraba Fleksor polisis longus

Fleksor polisis longus adalah terdalam dari fleksor. Itu terletak di bawah fleksor
pergelangan tangan dangkal dan dengan demikian sangat sulit untuk mengakses.

Opponens Digiti Minimi (ODM)

OVERVIEW
Key Points:
Opposition of the small finger towards the thumb.
Hypothenar eminence muscle (an intrinsic hand muscle).
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EXAMINATION
Muscle Function:

Primary: Opposes (flexes with slight rotation) the carpo-metacarpal joint of the small
finger. True opposition occurs when the thumb and small finger come together in
contact.
Secondary: Assists in the cupping posture of the hand.

Palpation: Push radially off the fifth metacarpal in the volar direction to move the
abductor digiti minimi over to palpate opponens digiti minimi.
Palpasi: Dorong radial dari metakarpal kelima dalam arah volar untuk memindahkan
abductor digiti minimi ke meraba opponens digiti minimi.

Strength Testing: Position the hand palm up. Stabilize the hand and first
metacarpal. Resist against opposition of the metacarpal of the small finger
towards the thumb.

Possible Substitutions: Abductor digiti minimi in order to distinguish this

substitution and the differences, it is important to observe whether the small finger
rotates or abducts during opposition. Rotation of the small figure is evidence for a
working opponens while abduction without rotation of the small finger during
opposition is caused by the abductor substituting for the opponens being out.

Relevant Anatomy:
Innervation:

Roots: C8, T1.

Nerve: Ulnar nerve, deep (motor) branch.

 Innervation Route: C8, T1 ulnar nerve deep (motor) branch opponens digiti
minimi branch.

Origins: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum.

Insertion: Entire length of fifth metacarpal, ulnar aspect.