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Even after being dried, solid wood products shrink and swell as they lose or gain
moisture. Loss or gain of moisture also may
interfere with paint adhesion and increase
susceptibility to stain, decay, and insects.
Many of these problems are preventable if the
manufacturer or user understands wood and
moisture relationships.
Water
Cellulose
Microfibrils
Figure 2.Bound water is attracted to and held between
microfibrils in the cell walls by hydrogen bonding.
EM 8600
Reviewed July 2009
James E. Reeb, Extension wood products specialist,
Oregon State University.
Archival copy. For current information, see the OSU Extension Catalog: https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/em8600
(a)
(b)
Water
Microfibrils
Figure 3.Two microfibrils: (a) The bound water
causes the cell wall to swell. (b) The lack of bound
water causes the cell wall to shrink. For illustration,
only one chain of water molecules is shown in each
illustration. In an actual cell wall, chains would be
attached along the length of the microfibrils.
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Longitudinal
Direction
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Table 2.Shrinkage values of some Oregon wood species based on their dimensions
when green.*
Species
Dried to
20% MC
Rad
Tang
Dried to
6% MC
Rad
Tang
Dried to
0% MC
Rad
Tang
Incense Cedar
Port-Orford Cedar
Western Redcedar
Douglas-fir (coast)
Douglas-fir (west)
Douglas-fir (north)
Western Hemlock
Ponderosa Pine
Sugar Pine
Redwood (old growth)
Redwood (second growth)
Red Alder
Oregon Myrtle
Pacific Madrone
Bigleaf Maple
California Black Oak
Tanoak
1.1
1.5
0.8
1.6
1.6
1.3
1.4
1.3
1.0
0.9
0.7
1.5
1.0
1.9
1.2
1.2
1.6
2.6
3.7
1.9
3.8
3.8
3.0
3.4
3.1
2.3
2.1
1.8
3.5
2.3
4.5
3.0
2.9
3.9
3.3
4.6
2.4
4.8
4.8
3.8
4.2
3.9
2.9
2.6
2.2
4.4
2.9
5.6
3.7
3.6
4.9
1.7
2.3
1.7
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.6
2.1
1.9
1.5
1.6
2.4
2.8
4.1
2.4
2.2
3.9
4.2
5.5
4.0
6.1
6.0
5.5
6.2
5.0
4.5
3.5
3.9
5.8
6.8
9.9
5.7
5.3
9.4
5.2
6.9
5.0
7.6
7.5
6.9
7.8
6.2
5.6
4.4
4.9
7.3
8.5
12.4
7.1
6.6
11.7
Archival copy. For current information, see the OSU Extension Catalog: https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/em8600
Archival copy. For current information, see the OSU Extension Catalog: https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/em8600
Glossary
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1995 Oregon State University. Extension work is a cooperative program of Oregon State University, the U.S.
Department of Agriculture, and Oregon counties. Oregon State University Extension Service offers educational
programs, activities, and materials without discrimination based on age, color, disability, gender identity or expression,
marital status, national origin, race, religion, sex, sexual orientation, or veterans status. Oregon State University
Extension Service is an Equal Opportunity Employer.
Published June 1995. Reviewed July 2009.