M98241701 03 PDF

Active multi-function filter
AFQ-4W-25
AFQ-4W-50
AFQ-4W-100
AFQ-4W-150 AFQ-4W-200
USER MANUAL
(M98241701-03-13B)
AFQ-4W
Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Follow the warnings described in this manual with the symbols shown below.
DANGER
Warns of a risk, which could result in personal injury or material damage.
ATTENTION
Indicates that special attention should be paid to a specific point.
If you must handle the unit for its installation, start-up or maintenance, the
following should be taken into consideration:
Incorrect handling or installation of the unit may result in injury to personnel as well
as damage to the unit. In particular, handling with voltages applied may result in
electric shock, which may cause death or serious injury to personnel. Defective
installation or maintenance may also lead to the risk of fire.
Carefully read this manual before connecting the unit. Follow all installation and
maintenance instructions throughout the unit's operating life. Pay special attention
to the installation standards of the National Electrical Code.
Refer to the instruction manual before using the unit.

In this manual, if the instructions marked with this symbol are not respected or
carried out correctly, it can result in injury or damage to the unit and /or
installations.
CIRCUTOR, SA reserves the right to modify features or the product manual without prior notification.
DISCLAIMER
CIRCUTOR, SA reserves the right to make modifications to the device or the
unit specifications set out in this instruction manual without prior notice.
CIRCUTOR, SA, on its web site, supplies its customers with the latest versions
of the device specifications and the most updated manuals.
www.circutor.com
Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
CONTENTS
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS .................................................................................................................... 3
DISCLAIMER ........................................................................................................................................ 3
CONTENTS .......................................................................................................................................... 4
LOG OF REVISIONS ........................................................................................................................... 7
1.- VERIFICATION UPON RECEIPT .................................................................................................. 8
1.1.- RECEPTION PROTOCOL ............................................................................................................8
1.2.- TRANSPORT AND HANDLING ...................................................................................................9
1.3.- STORAGE .....................................................................................................................................10
2.- PRODUCT DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................... 11
2.1. AFQ-4W-25.....................................................................................................................................12
2.2. AFQ-4W-50.....................................................................................................................................13
2.3. AFQ-4W-100 ..................................................................................................................................14
2.4. AFQ-4W-150 AND AFQ-4W-200 ...................................................................................................15
3. UNIT INSTALLATION .................................................................................................................... 16
3.1.- PRELIMINARY RECOMMENDATIONS....................................................................................16
3.2.- INSTALLATION LOCATION........................................................................................................17
3.3.- STORAGE FOR LONG PERIODS .............................................................................................18
3.4.- SIZING THE NOMINAL CURRENT OF THE AFQ-4W ............................................................19
3.5.- CONNECTIONS ...........................................................................................................................21
3.5.1. THREE-PHASE MAINS TO NEUTRAL CONNECTION .................................................22
3.5.2. CURRENT TRANSFORMER CONNECTION ..................................................................23
3.6.- PARALLEL CONNECTION OF 2 TO 8 ACTIVE FILTERS ......................................................25
3.7.- CONNECTING THE FILTER TO THE MAINS ..........................................................................26
3.8.- FILTER START-UP .......................................................................................................................27
3.8.1- CONFIGURATION ................................................................................................................27
3.8.1.1.- CONFIGURATION OF THE CURRENT TRANSFORMER .................................................... 27
3.8.1.2.- PARALLEL MODULE CONFIGURATION ................................................................................ 28
3.8.1.3.- WORK MODE CONFIGURATION ............................................................................................. 28
3.8.2- UNIT VERIFICATION ...........................................................................................................29

3.8.3- ACTIVE FILTER START-UP ................................................................................................31
4. OPERATION ................................................................................................................................... 33
4.1.- OPERATING PRINCIPLE ...........................................................................................................33
4.1.1.- HARMONICS ........................................................................................................................33
4.1.2.- BASIC CONCEPTS .............................................................................................................33
4.1.3.- MOST COMMON HARMONICS .......................................................................................35
4.1.4.- HARMONIC COMPENSATION .........................................................................................35
4.1.5.- OPERATING PRINCIPLE ...................................................................................................36
4.2.- DISPLAY ........................................................................................................................................37
4.2.1.- MAIN SCREEN ....................................................................................................................37
4.2.2.- DISPLAY SCREENS ...........................................................................................................38
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AFQ-4W
4.2.2.1.- BROWSING DIAGRAM .............................................................................................................. 39
4.2.2.2.- Voltage and current display screen ........................................................................................... 40
4.2.2.3.- General power screen ................................................................................................................. 40
4.2.2.3.1.- Load power display screen ................................................................................................ 41
4.2.2.4.- General THD(I) screen ................................................................................................................ 43
4.2.2.4.1.- THD Display screen of the phase 1 load current ............................................................ 43
4.2.2.4.4.- THD Display screen of the phase 1 mains current ......................................................... 45
4.2.2.4.7.-Display screen of the total THD(I) ...................................................................................... 46
4.2.2.5.- Display screen of the alarm log.................................................................................................. 47
4.3.- CONFIGURATION .......................................................................................................................48

4.3.1.- BROWSING DIAGRAM ......................................................................................................49
4.3.2.- OPERATION MODE CONFIGURATION ..........................................................................50
4.3.2.1.- FUNCTION SELECTION ............................................................................................................ 51
4.3.2.2.- SELECTIVE FILTERING ............................................................................................................. 52
4.3.2.3.- ENABLE ALARM .......................................................................................................................... 53
4.3.3.- CONFIGURATION OF PARAMETERS ............................................................................55

4.3.4.- FILTER DATA .......................................................................................................................57
4.3.5.- SCREEN CONFIGURATION .............................................................................................58
4.3.6.- PASSWORD .........................................................................................................................59
4.4.- RS-485 COMMUNICATIONS .....................................................................................................60
4.4.1. MODBUS FRAMES ..............................................................................................................62
4.4.2. PowerStudio SOFTWARE ...................................................................................................62
5.- MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................................................ 63
5.1. STANDARD MAINTENANCE ......................................................................................................64
5.2. COOLING TURBINES AND FANS ..............................................................................................65
5.2.1. INDUCTOR COOLING FANS..............................................................................................66
5.2.1.1. AFQ-4W-25 A / 50 A / 100 A MODELS ....................................................................................... 66
5.2.1.2. AFQ-4W-150 A / 200 A MODELS ................................................................................................ 68
5.2.2. COOLING FANS/TURBINES OF THE IGBTs ...................................................................71

5.2.2.1. AFQ-4W-25 A / 50 A MODELS .................................................................................................... 71
5.2.2.2. AFQ-4W-100 A / 150 A / 200 A MODELS ................................................................................... 75
5.3. DC BUS CAPACITORS ................................................................................................................81

6.- SOFTWARE UPDATE .................................................................................................................. 81
6.1. CONTROLLER SOFTWARE UPDATE ......................................................................................81
6.2. DISPLAY SOFTWARE UPDATE. ................................................................................................83
7.- TECHNICAL FEATURES ............................................................................................................. 87
8.- MAINTENANCE AND TECHNICAL SERVICE .......................................................................... 89
9.- GUARANTEE ................................................................................................................................ 89
10.- CE CERTIFICATE ....................................................................................................................... 90
Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
APPENDIX A: DISPLAY MESSAGES ............................................................................................. 91
ACTIVE FILTER STOPPED .................................................................................................................91
ACTIVE FILTER IN ALARM STATUS .................................................................................................93
ACTIVE FILTER OPERATING ............................................................................................................95
ACTIVE FILTER IN CONFIGURATION ..............................................................................................95
APPENDIX B: MODBUS MAP.......................................................................................................... 97
Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
LOG OF REVISIONS
Date
11/10
02/11
Revision
Version 1.0
Version 1.1
11/11
Version 1.2
05/12
Version 1.3
12/12
Version 1.4
11/13
M98241701-01-13B
Instruction Manual
Description
Original version
Display change
Modification of the sections:
Installation and start-up.
User screen.
Modifications in the section:
configuration screen.
Modification of the sections:
User screen.
Introduction of the sections:
PowerStudio application.
Maintenance.
Modifications throughout the manual.
AFQ-4W
1.- VERIFICATION UPON RECEIPT
1.1.- RECEPTION PROTOCOL
Make sure that the unit has not been damaged during transport.
Check that the unit received matches that described in your order and
that its electrical features are suitable for the mains where it is to be
connected. See features label on the rear of the door.
(Figure 1)
Figure 1: Features label of the AFQ-4W
Make sure that it is equipped with the following accessories:

- Main switch handle.
- 2 keys for locking the door.
- Manual.
The AFQ-4W-25 also has:
- 4 DIN 580-M8 suspension eye bolts (male).
- 4 DIN 963, M8x16 screws.
Check the shipping documentation. The dispatch note number must
coincide with the number marked on the outer part of the unit. Unload and
transport the unit following the instructions in section 1.2.- TRANSPORT
AND HANDLING
Inspect the unit externally and internally before connecting.

Check that all the unit's items on the packing list are present.
If any problem is noticed upon reception, immediately contact the
transport company and/or CIRCUTOR's after-sales service.
Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
1.2.- TRANSPORT AND HANDLING
The transport, loading and unloading and handling of the unit must
be carried out with proper precautions and using the proper manual
or mechanical tools to prevent damage to the unit.
If the unit is not to be immediately installed, it must be stored at a
location with a firm and level floor, and the storage conditions listed in
the section must be observed. 1.3.- STORAGE
In such a case, the unit should be kept in its original protective
packaging.
To move the unit a short distance, the unit's floor support profiles facilitate
handling with a pallet jack or forklift. (Figure 2)
The centre of gravity of some units may be found at a considerable
height. Therefore, when handling with a forklift, it is recommended
that the unit be securely fastened and that no abrupt operations are
made. The unit should not be lifted more than 20 cm off the ground.
Figure 2: Transport with pallet jack
When unloading and moving the unit, use a forklift with forks long enough to
support the entire length of the base. Otherwise, the forks should be long
enough to support at least of said depth. The forks must be flat and supported
firmly by the base. The cabinet must be raised by placing the forks underneath
the profile that supports the unit. (Figure 3).
Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
There might be an offset in the centre of gravity from the centre of
the cabinet, as a result of the uneven distribution of loads in
equipment. The necessary precautions must be taken to prevent the
equipment from tipping over during abrupt operations.
Figure 3: Unloading with a forklift
1.3.- STORAGE
The unit should be stored according to the following recommendations:
Avoid placing it on uneven surfaces.
Do not store in outdoor areas, humid areas or areas exposed to the
splashing of water.
Avoid hot spots (maximum environmental temperature: 45C)
Avoid saline and corrosive environments.
Avoid storing the unit in areas where a lot of dust is generated or where
the risk of contamination by chemical agents or other types of pollution is
present.
Do not place any weight on top of the unit's cabinets.
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Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
2.- PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

The AFQ-4W parallel multi-function active filters enable the following functions to
be performed:
Reduction of harmonic currents up to order 50 (2500 Hz).
Correcting unbalanced current consumption in each phase of the
electrical installation.
Reactive power compensation. Both inductive and capacitive currents.
CIRCUTOR has 5 different filter models:
Models
Harmonic phase
current
Harmonic neutral
current
Harmonic peak
current
AFQ-4W-25
AFQ-4W-50
AFQ-4W-100
AFQ-4W-150
AFQ-4W-200
25A RMS
50A RMS
100A RMS
150A RMS
200A RMS
75A RMS
150A RMS
300A RMS
450A RMS
600A RMS
50A PEAK
100A PEAK
200A PEAK
300A PEAK
400A PEAK
Table 1: AFQ-4W models
All active filter models have the following:

An LCD 5.7" touch display.
An RS-485 connection.
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11
AFQ-4W
2.1. AFQ-4W-25
AFQ-4W-25 components seen from the front (Figure 4):
Figure 4: AFQ-4W-25 front view.
AFQ-4W-25 internal components (Figure 5):
Figure 5: AFQ-4W-25 interior.
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Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
2.2. AFQ-4W-50
Instruction Manual
13
AFQ-4W
2.3. AFQ-4W-100
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Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
2.4. AFQ-4W-150 and AFQ-4W-200
AFQ-4W-150 and AFQ-4W-200 components seen from the front (Figure 10):
Figure 10: AFQ-4W-150 and AFQ-4W-200 front view.
AFQ-4W-100 and AFQ-4W-200 internal components

(Figure 11):
Figure 11: AFQ-4W-150 and AFQ-4W-200 interior.
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15
AFQ-4W
3. UNIT INSTALLATION
3.1.- PRELIMINARY RECOMMENDATIONS
The unit installation and the maintenance operations must only

be carried out by authorised and qualified personnel.
In order to use the unit safely, it is critical that individuals who

handle it follow the safety measures set out in the standards of the
country where it is being used, use the necessary personal
protective equipment, and pay attention to the various warnings set
forth in this instruction manual.
Incorrect installation or configuration of the unit could cause serious

damage to the unit itself and to other devices of the installation.
Disconnect the main switch before starting any maintenance

task on the active filters.
The unit has DC and AC capacitors. Before starting any

maintenance, wait 5 minutes and check that there is no residual
voltage in the capacitors.
Make sure the unit is properly earthed before powering up. Any
fault in the earth connection might cause a risk of electrocution to
the user and damage to the unit itself in the case of lightning or
other transients.
Before operating on the current transformers, make sure the

secondary is short circuited. Never open a current transformer
secondary under load.
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Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
Never power or start up the active filter with the front door open or
the side or rear covers removed.
Check that there is a neutral in the place where three-phase active filter
connections are made with neutral, AFQ-4W.
The active filter must be of the correct size for the harmonic currents it has to
filter and for the installation's electrical features.
Check the section 3.4.- SIZING THE NOMINAL CURRENT OF THE
AFQ-4W to define the correct unit size. Failing to observe the
recommendations described in this section might cause the active
filter to work incorrectly and prevent proper compensation of the
installation's current harmonics.
Connect a reactor of at least 3% of the impedance on the input of

each of the loads.
3.2.- INSTALLATION LOCATION

The unit must be installed in an environment where the temperature outside the
cabinet is between 0C and 40C, with a maximum humidity of 90% without
condensation.
Do not install the unit close to a hot spot and keep it out of direct sunlight.
Ventilation spaces must be left on the side and rear to allow for the use of fans.
There must also be sufficient space at the front of the cabinet to be able to open
the door if necessary (Figure 12):
200 mm on the sides of the cabinet.
200 mm between the top of the cabinet and the ceiling.
800 mm at the front of the cabinet.
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17
AFQ-4W
Figure 12: Active filter spaces for ventilation.
Install the AFQ-4W in a place protected from water, flammable

liquids, gases and corrosive substances.
Make sure there are no reactive compensation units installed in the

same mains as the AFQ-4W. If there are any compensation units,
these must be untuned in order to avoid interference between them
and the AFQ-4W.
3.3.- STORAGE FOR LONG PERIODS

If the unit is not installed after receipt, the following recommendations must be
observed to keep the unit in a good state:
Keep the unit in a dry atmosphere and at a temperature of between 0C
and 50C.
Avoid exposure to direct sunlight.
Keep the unit in its original packaging.
If the active filter is stored for a long time disconnected from the mains, a
process must be applied to restore the internal dielectric layers of the DC bus
capacitors. Table 2 shows the recommendations for starting the unit depending
on the length of its storage period.
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Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
Storage time
< 1 year
1-2 years
> 2 years
Process
No special treatment required.
Connect the AFQ-4W to the mains at least one
hour before starting up the unit.
Connect the AFQ-4W to the mains at least one
hour before starting up the unit. Restrict the
maximum load current to 5 mA.
Table 2: Start-up process depending on storage time.
3.4.- SIZING THE NOMINAL CURRENT OF THE AFQ-4W

The purchased active filter must be sized for the harmonic currents it has to filter.
The nominal current of the AFQ-4W must be at least 20% higher than the
maximum level of harmonics to be filtered. This factor may be higher depending
on the installation features.
The active filters can suffer from overloading when trying to cancel the harmonic
currents in high-impedance, short-circuit mains. The clearest symptom for
detecting such cases is that they originally start from a THD(V) (under voltage)
of over 3%. It has been seen that the higher the initial THD(V), the greater the
chance of filter overload.
The reason for this behaviour is that the load does not behave as a current
source, but rather the larger the harmonic current absorbed by the filter the more
harmonics are produced by the load, which can produce up to more than double
what was initially measured.
To avoid this phenomenon, it is best to oversize the active filter by multiplying the
initial current of harmonics measured in the load by a safety factor (SFh). In
other words:
Ifilter (AFQ) = [SFh Iload THD(I) ]
Where:
Ifilter (AFQ): nominal current of the active filter
SFh: safety factor > 1.2.
Iload: load maximum current
THD(I): load current harmonic distortion
Equation 1: AFQ-4W nominal current
To calculate this safety factor you must first know the parameter called shortcircuit ratio RSC at the connection point of the PCL transducers (not on the
installation input). The short-circuit ratio is defined as the ratio between the shortcircuit current of a mains (ISC) and the nominal current of the set of non-linear
transducers (INLC) producing the harmonics to be filtered. (Equation 2)
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19
AFQ-4W
RSC =
I SC
I CNL
Equation 2: Calculating the short-circuit ratio RSC.
In a real installation, the short-circuit current (ISC) in the PCL can be assessed by
having the voltage at the said point for two different load currents. For example,
full load, IA and 10% load, IB. If VOC is the rated voltage in a vacuum, the ISC, can
be calculated using the formula shown in Figure 13:
Figure 13: Graphic for calculating ISC.
Figure 14 The safety factor (SFh) can be obtained from the graphic in:
Figure 14: Approximate graphic for calculating the SFh.
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Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
3.5.- CONNECTIONS
All power and current reading cables must enter the electrical cabinet
by the cover on the bottom, guaranteeing the IP and the user
protection against the parts of the cabinet with high voltages
( Figure 18).
Figure 15: Cable entry from the bottom of the electrical cabinet.
Perform the drilling and/or milling out of the area for this
(Figura 15) puts at risk the integrity of the equipment and users,
as well as the loss of the warranty.
Drilling the cover cable entry out of the electrical cabinet to

avoid drilling debris may affect the functioring of the AFQ.
The connection diagram in Figure 16 must be used when performing the

electrical connections in the electrical cabinet:
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AFQ-4W
Figure 16: Connection diagram of the AFQ-4W.
3.5.1. THREE-PHASE MAINS TO NEUTRAL CONNECTION

The connections of the three-phase mains to neutral (L1, L2, L3, N and Earth)
are identified in the active filter as in Figure 17.
Figure 17: Mains connection points in the AFQ-4W.
Use cables of a cross-section suitable for the filter nominal current.
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AFQ-4W
The minimum cable cross-section will depend on the filter range (Table 3).
AFQ-4W
Cross-section
2
(mm )
L1
L2
L3
Earth
Terminal (mm)
Torque (Nm)
Cross-section
2
(mm )
Terminal (mm)
Torque (Nm)
Cross-section
2
(mm )
Terminal (mm)
Torque (Nm)
25A
50A
100A
150A
200A
10
16
35
70
95
a 10
b 20
c 21
>8
7.6
a 10
b 20
c 21
>8
7.6
a 10
b 20
c 21
>8
7.6
a 10
b 20
c 21
>8
14.4
a 10
b 20
c 21
>8
14.4
25
50
95
2x95
2x95
>8
12
> 10
20
> 10
25
> 10
30
> 10
30
25
50
95
95
95
>8
12
>8
20
> 10
25
> 10
30
> 10
30
Table 3: Minimum cross-section of input cables connected to the AFQ-4W.
Make sure that the AFQ-4W is correctly earthed to avoid the risk of
electrical discharge.
3.5.2. CURRENT TRANSFORMER CONNECTION

Current transformers TI1, TI2 and TI3, are located on the load side (downstream
of the filter) and are used for measurement and control purposes. In the active
filter, connections S1/L1, S1/L2, S1/L3 S2/L1, S2/L2, S2/L3 have to be made as
shown in Figure 18.
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AFQ-4W
Figure 18: Transformer connection points in the AFQ-4W.
Class 0.2S transformers of the CT or TCH series are recommended.
The use of class 0.2, 0.5s or 0.5 transformers will slightly jeopardise the
behaviour of the active filter although they always provide acceptable harmonic
filtering replies.
The use of transformers with ratios close to the current to be
measured is recommended.
Current transformers TI1, TI2, TI3 must be correctly connected for the
AFQ-4W filters to work properly. If the phases L1, L2 and L3 are
switched in the secondary, the filter will not work properly.
Check the connections and make sure that:
TI1 measures phase 1 and the transformer output cables are
connected in posts S1/L1 and S2/ L1 of the filter cabinet.
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Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
3.6.- PARALLEL CONNECTION OF 2 TO 8 ACTIVE FILTERS
You can connect up to 8 active filters by connecting the three phases plus the
neutral in parallel. The load current measurement connects in series so that all of
the filters are using the same measuring transformers on the load. (Figure 19)
LOAD side
MAINS side
AFQ-4W
AFQ-4W
AFQ-4W
Figure 19: Parallel connection of 2 to 8 filters.
Section 4.3.3. explains how to configure the active filter to work with different
active filters in parallel.
All of the active filters connected in parallel must have exactly the
same configuration in the WORK MODE and PARAMETERS. Refer
to section 4.3.- CONFIGURATION
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AFQ-4W
3.7.- CONNECTING THE FILTER TO THE MAINS
Once the connections specified in the above sections have been checked, the
main switch of the active filter will be switched on. When the unit is started, the
messages NOT INITIAL CONDITIONS and Starting must appear on the
display ( Figure 20).
Figure 20: Start-up message of the AFQ-4W.
A few seconds later, the message Set Up transformer ratio will appear
(Figure 21).
Figure 21: Home screen displayed during the AFQ-4W's start-up.
Another message may appear if there is some problem in the filter connections
or the power supply. The section APPENDIX A: DISPLAY MESSAGES of this
manual describes all of the causes of malfunction and their corrective measures.
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AFQ-4W
3.8.- FILTER START-UP
Finally, start-up the AFQ-4W. To consult all of the configuration parameters in
detail, see 4.3.- CONFIGURATION of this manual.
Before starting up the AFQ-4W, carefully follow the steps given in

Configuration 3.8.1 and Verification of the unit 3.8.2.
3.8.1- CONFIGURATION
3.8.1.1.- CONFIGURATION OF THE CURRENT TRANSFORMER
Access the parameter configuration screen by pressing SETUP and select the
PARAMETERS option (Figure 22):
Figure 22: Configuration of the transformer ratio and the number of modules in parallel.
Configure the TRANSFORMER RATIO parameter with the ratio between the
primary and secondary of the load current measurement transformer.
The AFQ-4W admits the following transformation ratios: 5/5, 10/5, 15/5, 20/5,
25/5, 30/5, 40/5, 50/5, 60/5, 75/5, 100/5, 125/5, 150/5, 200/5, 250/5, 300/5,
400/5, 500/5, 600/5, 700/5, 750/5, 800/5, 1000/5, 1200/5, 1500/5, 1600/5,
2000/5, 2500/5, 3000/5, 4000/5 and 5000/5.
If the transformer ratio is not that of the transformer installed, the

AFQ-4W will not work properly.
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AFQ-4W
3.8.1.2.- PARALLEL MODULE CONFIGURATION

Configure the number of units in parallel in the PARALLEL MODULES
parameter (Figure 22). If there is a single unit in parallel, leave the default value
(1).
3.8.1.3.- WORK MODE CONFIGURATION
In order to configure the work mode, return to the home screen, press START
and access the work mode configuration screen.
Start the harmonic filtering, phase balancing and/or reactive compensation

functions depending on the needs of the installation (Figure 23). (For further
information on all of the functions, refer to section 4.3.- CONFIGURATION )
Figure 23: Configuration of the functions of the AFQ-4W.
An incorrect configuration may significantly affect the performance of

the AFQ-4W. Consult the technician or qualified personnel to select
the unit configuration, depending on the needs of the installation.
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AFQ-4W
3.8.2- UNIT VERIFICATION
3.8.2.1.- VERIFICATION OF THE MAINS VOLTAGE AND FREQUENCY
The voltage and current screen (Figure 24) can be accessed from the home
screen by pressing on VIEW:
Figure 24: Verify mains voltages, currents and frequency.
Make sure the mains voltage measurements correspond to the real

voltages of the installation.
Make sure the frequency measured by the AFQ-4W is the real frequency
of the installation.
Make sure the load current measurements correspond to the installation
current levels.
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AFQ-4W
3.8.2.2.- VERIFICATION OF THE ACTIVE AND REACTIVE POWER
The load power screen (Figure 25) can be accessed from the home screen by
pressing VIEW:
Figure 25: Verify active and reactive power and load power factor readings.
Make sure the active power measurement of the load equals the power
levels of the installation.
Make sure the reactive power measurement of the mains equals the
reactive power levels of the installation.
Check the power factor in the three phases. If there are phases with very
high reactive power and very low active power levels, this might indicate
an error in the phase order. In this case, check the connections of the
three-phase mains power supply cables with neutral and the load current
reading cables, as described in sections 3.5.1 and 3.5.2.
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AFQ-4W
3.8.3- ACTIVE FILTER START-UP
Having checked the active and reactive power and power factor of the
installation, you can return to the main screen to start up the AFQ-4W.
If there is no problem with the connections, the home screen should show the
message STOP (Figure 26).
Figure 26: Message displayed when the unit is ready for start-up.
By pressing START, the active filter will take action to neutralise the harmonics,
balance the phases and/or compensate reactive power.
If it has started up correctly, the screen will show the message RUN
(Figure 27).
Figure 27: Message displayed when the unit is running.
If there is any problem in the connections of the filter or in the configuration, the
NOT INITIAL CONDITIONS message will be shown along with a description of
the malfunction (Figure 28).
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Figure 28: Message displayed when the unit is not ready for start-up.
The APPENDIX A: DISPLAY MESSAGES of this manual contains all of the causes
of malfunction and their corrective measures.
If an alarm is tripped, the ALARM message will be shown along with a
description of the problem (Figure 29).
Figure 29: Message displayed when the unit is in an alarm state.
Refer to section APPENDIX A: DISPLAY MESSAGES to see the causes of the

alarm and to be able to apply the corrective measures.
The RESET ALARM button rearms the unit if the cause of the alarm has
disappeared or been solved.
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4. OPERATION
4.1.- OPERATING PRINCIPLE
4.1.1.- HARMONICS
Non-linear loads such as: rectifiers, inverters, speed drives, ovens, etc, absorb
periodic non sine-wave currents from the mains.
These currents are composed of a fundamental frequency component, rated at
50 or 60 Hz, plus a series of overlapping currents, with frequencies that are
multiples of the fundamental frequency; they are defined as HARMONICS.
Figure 30: Distorted wave shape decomposition.
The result is a deformation of the current and, as a result, of the voltage, causing
a series of associated side effects. These can be machinery overload, electric
cable heating, circuit breaker disconnection, damage to sensitive units, etc.
Order (n)
Mains frequency
Fundamental: 50 Hz
Fundamental: 60 Hz
150 Hz
180 Hz
250 Hz
300 Hz
350 Hz
420 Hz
Table 4: Frequency of each harmonic.
4.1.2.- BASIC CONCEPTS

It is best to define some terms related to harmonics, fundamental for interpreting
any measurement and study:
Fundamental frequency (f1): Original wave frequency (50/60 Hz).
Order of a harmonic (n): A whole number given by the ratio between the
frequency of a harmonic and the fundamental frequency. The order
determines the frequency of the harmonic (E.g.: 5th harmonic 550 Hz =
250 Hz).
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Fundamental component (U1 o I1): A sine wave component of order 1 of the
Fourier frequency serial development equal to the original periodic wave.
Harmonic component (Un o In): A sine wave component of order over 1 of
the Fourier frequency serial development a whole multiple of the original
frequency.
Individual distortion rate (Un% o In%): A ratio in % between the RMS value
of the voltage or harmonic current (Un o In) and the RMS value of the
fundamental component (U1 o I1).
Equation 3: Individual distortion rate
True root mean square value (TRMS): The square root of the sum of the
squares of all components forming the wave.
Equation 4: True root mean square value
Harmonic content: The difference between the total voltage or current and
the corresponding fundamental value.
Harmonic distortion rate (THD): The ratio between the RMS value of the
harmonic content of the voltage and/or current and the value of the
fundamental component.
Equation 5: Harmonic distortion rate.
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4.1.3.- MOST COMMON HARMONICS
Table 5 lists the most common harmonic generator loads and the wave shape of
the current they consume, as well as their harmonic spectrum.
Type of load
6-pulse transducers:
- Speed drives
- UPS
- Three-phase rectifiers
- Transducers for
electrolysis and baths
-
Wave shape
Harmonic spectrum THD(I)
Discharge lamps
Single-phase transducers
Lighting lines
Computer lines
Sound and image units
Table 5: Most common harmonics.
4.1.4.- HARMONIC COMPENSATION

Active filters are units responsible for the compensation of harmonic currents.
Compensation is achieved by injecting harmonic currents equal to those in the
installation in counter phase.
This means that upstream of the filter connection point, the signal shows virtually no
harmonic distortion. (Figure 31).
Figure 31: General connection diagram of an active filter
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AFQ-4W
4.1.5.- OPERATING PRINCIPLE
Active filters are based on the following principle:
IFILTER = IMAIN - ILOAD
Equation 6: Operating principle
In other words, they detect the difference between the required current sine
wave (IMAIN) and the signal deformed by the harmonics (ILOAD). And they inject
the difference between both waves (IFILTER).
Figure 32 show the wave shapes of the currents injected by the active filters.
These show the required wave, the existing deformed wave and the filter current
(IFILTER).
Figure 32: Current in the load, in the filter and in the mains.
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4.2.- DISPLAY
The active filter has a touch display with different screens used for display and
configuration purposes.
4.2.1.- MAIN SCREEN
The main screen contains information regarding the filter status, the start and
stop controls, the alarm rearm process and the accesses to the configuration
and display variables.
Figure 33: Main screen.
As we can see in Figure 33 we can distinguish the following parts:

1- START/STOP key: The start and stop active filter key. The AFQ-4W must
be "STOPPED" before it is started.
2- RESET ALARM key: Alarm rearm key. If the cause of the alarm has not
been resolved, this key allows us to restart the unit.
3- VIEW key: Access to the display screens.
4- SETUP. key: Access to the configuration screens.
5- A message with additional AFQ-4W status information: The APPENDIX A:
DISPLAY MESSAGES explains all of the messages that can appear along
with the filter status. This information is particularly useful for detecting
and resolving operational problems with the unit and for determining its
work conditions.
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6- Message indicating the filter status (Table 6):
Message
NO CONNECTION
NOT INITIAL CONDITIONS
STOP
RUN
ALARM
Status
Initial state of the display.
The AFQ-4W initial start-up conditions are not met.
The AFQ4W is stopped and ready to start.
The AFQ-4W is operating
The AFQ-4W has a tripped alarm.
Table 6: Filter status messages.
7- Date and time: Display of the unit date and time.
4.2.2.- DISPLAY SCREENS

On pressing VIEW in the home screen (Figure 33), you access the general
display (Figure 34), from where you can access all of the display screens.
Figure 34: General display screen.
The display screens are organised into 4 groups:
Voltage and current: this option gives us access to the voltage and
current display screen.
Power: Access to the power display screen.
THD I: Access to the display screen of the total harmonic distortion of the
load and mains current.
LOG: Access to the alarm log display screen.
Click on the MAIN key to open the home screen.
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4.2.2.1.- BROWSING DIAGRAM
Figure 35: Display screen browsing diagram.
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4.2.2.2.- Voltage and current display screen
This screen (Figure 36) gives the readings of the effective voltages of the three
phases, the effective load currents, the effective mains current and the mains
frequency.
Figure 36: Voltage and current display screen.
Click on the Main key to open the home screen.

Click on the Back key to return to the general display screen.
4.2.2.3.- General power screen
This screen (Figure 37) gives access to the power display screens.
Figure 37: General power screen.
Organised into 3 groups:

Power Load: Access to the active and reactive and apparent power
display screens of the three load phases.
Power Mains : Access to the active and reactive and apparent power
display screens of the three mains phases.
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Power Filter: Access to the display screen of the percentage of the AFQ4W power used with respect to the nominal power of the three phases.

4.2.2.3.1.- Load power display screen
This screen (Figure 38) shows the active, reactive, apparent powers and the
power factor of the three load phases.
Figure 38: Load power display screen.

Click on the Back key to return to the general power screen.
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AFQ-4W
4.2.2.3.2.- Mains power display screen
This screen (Figure 39) shows the active, reactive, apparent powers and the
power factor of the three mains phases.
Figure 39: Mains power display screen

Click on the Back key to return to the general power screen.
4.2.2.3.3.- Filter power display screen
This shows the instant power used in the three phases L1, L2, L3 of the active
filter as a percentage with respect to the programmed power limit (Figure 40).
Figure 40: Filter power display screen
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4.2.2.4.- General THD(I) screen
This screen (Figure 41) gives access to the different THD(I) display screens.
Figure 41: General THD(I) screen
THD(I) Content Load: Access to the display screen of the spectrum in

load current frequencies.
THD(I) Content mains : Access to the display screen of the spectrum in
mains current frequencies.
THD(I) Total: Access to the display screen of the total mains and load
THD(I) for the three phases.

4.2.2.4.1.- THD Display screen of the phase 1 load current
This screen (Figure 42) will show the THD(I) of the phase 1 load.
Figure 42: THD Display screen of the phase 1 load current.

Click on the Back key to return to the general THD(I) screen.
The view L2 key gives us access to the THD screen of the phase 2 load current.
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AFQ-4W

Figure 43: THD Display screen of the phase 2 load current.

Figure44: THD Display screen of the phase 3 load current.

Click on the Back key to return to the general THD(I) screen .
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4.2.2.4.4.- THD Display screen of the phase 1 mains current

This screen (Figure 45) will show the THD(I) of the phase 1 mains.
Figure45: THD Display screen of the phase 1 mains current.

The view L2 key gives us access to the THD screen of the phase 2 mains
current.
Figure 46: THD Display screen of the phase 2 mains current.

current.
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AFQ-4W
Figure 47: THD Display screen of the phase 3 mains current.

current.
4.2.2.4.7.-Display screen of the total THD(I)
This screen (Figure 48) shows the reading of the total THD(I) of the mains and
load phases.
Figure 48: Display screen of the total THD(I).

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4.2.2.5.- Display screen of the alarm log
This screen (Figure 49) shows the log of events in the active filter, and indicates
the date and time when each event starts and ends.
Figure 49: Display screen of the alarm log.

Click on the CLEAR ALL key, all of the incidents are deleted.
Click on the CLEAR SELECT, the selected incident is deleted.
Click on the
key to view the messages on the previous page.
Click on the
key to view the messages on the following page.
Click on the
key to view the messages on the above line.
Click on the
key to view the messages on the following line.
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AFQ-4W
4.3.- CONFIGURATION
Press SETUP on the AFQ-4W home screen to open the setup menu.
Figure 50: General configuration screen.
The different sub-menus can be accessed through the initial configuration screen
(Figure 50):
Operation mode, In this sub-menu, you can select the harmonic

neutralising, phase balancing and reactive current compensation options.
Parameters, Contains the list of the measuring transformers, the
minimum current required to start up the AFQ-4W, the choice of the
control algorithm, the selection of the number of AFQ-4W in parallel and
the filter power limit.
Filter data, Description of the technical features of the unit.
Panel setup, Configuration of the language, date, time and
activation/deactivation of the screen sound.
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4.3.1.- BROWSING DIAGRAM
Figure51: Configuration browsing diagram.
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AFQ-4W
4.3.2.- OPERATION MODE CONFIGURATION
In this menu (Figure 52), users can access different screens to perform the
following:
Figure 52: Work mode menu.
Function selection: Activation or deactivation of the functions of the

AFQ-4W: harmonic filtering, reactive compensation and phase current
balancing.
Selective filtering: Select the mains compensated harmonics.
Enable Alarms: enable or disable the different alarms.
The password protection must be unlocked to change all of these parameters.
Refer to section 4.3.6 to unlock the unit configuration.
Click on the Back key to return to the general configuration screen.
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4.3.2.1.- FUNCTION SELECTION
Use this screen (Figure 53) to select the functions of the AFQ-4W:
Figure53: Function selection screen.
Harmonic filtering: Current harmonic neutralisation. (This option is enabled by

default.)
Phase balancing: Balancing of the current between phases. (This option is not
enabled by default.)
Reactive compensation: A function that allows the shifting of the cos to be
compensated. (This option is not enabled by default.)
Function priority Order: The AFQ-4W allows the functions to be prioritised in
the event of filter current saturation by overload. When the Function priority
order function is disabled, priority is given to the current harmonic filtering and
reactive compensation and overload balancing are penalised. If Function
priority order is activated, priority is given to current balancing between phases
and reactive current compensation, ahead of harmonic neutralisation. (This
option is not enabled by default.)
Harmonic filtering
PRIORITY
Function priority order

OFF
ON
Phase balancing +
reactive compensation
Phase balancing +
Harmonic filtering
Table 7: Configuration of the order of priorities.

Click on the Back key to return to the work mode screen.
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AFQ-4W
Click on the Lock/Unlock parameters key to lock or unlock the configuration
parameters. (Refer to section 4.3.6)
4.3.2.2.- SELECTIVE FILTERING
Select the harmonics to be filtered on this screen (Figure 54):
Figure 54: Selective filtering screen.
If the unit is configured with the control 1 algorithm (Frequency mode)
(refer to section 4.3.3.- CONFIGURATION OF PARAMETERS , select the

harmonics you wish to neutralise from the 3rd to the 25th. (3rd, 5th, 7th by
default)
If the unit is configured with the control 2 algorithm (Temporary mode)
(refer to section 4.3.3.- CONFIGURATION OF PARAMETERS, you can (use
this option only if recommended by your supplier):
Leave all harmonics unselected. The AFQ-4W will automatically

filter all harmonics from the 3rd to the 50th.
Select the harmonics NOT to be filtered. The selected harmonics

will not be filtered.

Click on the Back key to return to the work mode screen.
Click on the Lock/Unlock parameters key to lock or unlock the configuration
parameters. (Refer to section 4.3.6)
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4.3.2.3.- ENABLE ALARM
This screen (Figure 55) allows us to control the different alarms:
Figure 55: Alarm activation screen.
Polarity alarm:
With the polarity alarm enabled, the active filter detects the direction of the load
measuring transformer current and if it detects inverse polarity (current towards
the mains) it returns to the initial conditions and restarts with the new conditions
in measuring the current. In the case of regenerative loads temporarily injecting
current into the mains, the polarity alarm will be activated.
With the polarity alarm disabled, if the load is injecting energy into the mains,
the AFQ-4W will measure negative active power and will stop neutralising
harmonics, balancing phases and compensating reactive energy. It will only
adjust the bus to the operating voltage.
When the active power is positive again, it will reperform all of the filtering
functions.
Disable the polarity alarm only in installations with loads temporarily

injecting current into the mains.
This option is enabled by default and it is recommended not to

disable it.
Before starting the active filter with the polarity alarm disabled, check
the connection and polarity of the load measuring transformers.
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AFQ-4W
Low temperature Alarm:
This alarm is activated to prevent the unit from starting when the temperature
inside the active filter is below 0C or when there is a problem in the connections
of the temperature probes.

disable it.
Resonance Alarm:
The resonance alarm protects the unit against possible resonating currents
between the AFQ-4W and the load. This alarm is tripped when the level of a
harmonic in the load current rises considerably.

disable it.
Before disabling the resonance alarm, it is essential to make sure

there is no resonating current between the active filter and the load.
Resonating currents can damage the active filter and other devices
connected to the installation.
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4.3.3.- CONFIGURATION OF PARAMETERS
This menu (Figure 56) contains the parameters that have to be configured during
the installation of the active filter. To be modify these parameters, you have to
unlock the password (refer to 4.3.6.- PASSWORD) and have the filter in STOP
mode.
Figure 56: Parameter configuration screen.
Transformer ratio:
The ratio between the load transformer primary and secondary.
The active filter admits the following transformation ratios: 5/5, 10/5, 15/5, 20/5,
25/5, 30/5, 40/5, 50/5, 60/5, 75/5, 100/5, 125/5, 150/5, 200/5, 250/5, 300/5,
400/5, 500/5, 600/5, 700/5, 750/5, 800/5, 1000/5, 1200/5, 1500/5, 1600/5,
2000/5, 2500/5, 3000/5, 4000/5 and 5000/5.
Minimum current:
The minimum load current to start the active filter. The AFQ-4W will stop when
the load current is below the entered value and will start when it is higher.
Control algorithm:
Control algorithm selection:
1, Frequency mode: Harmonic filtering based on the selection of the
harmonics to be neutralised from the 3rd to the 25th. (Option enabled by
default.)
2, Temporary mode: Harmonic filtering based on the total and instant
neutralisation of the 3rd to 50th harmonics.
When the temporary mode is active, the AFQ-4W resets all the harmonics
selected in Selective filtering (Section 4.3.2.2) to completely neutralise
the harmonics.
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AFQ-4W
Do not use the Temporary mode (2) if the supplier has not
recommended this for their installation. This method can cause
resonance in certain installations.
Power limit
This parameter allows the maximum power of the active filter to be limited. The
value is configured as a percentage with respect to the unit's nominal power. The
minimum configurable value is 20%, and the maximum is 100%.
Parallel Modules :
Access to the configuration screen of the number of active filters set out in
parallel with the same load (Figure 57).
Figure 57: Parallel module configuration screen.
A maximum of 8 AFQ-4W units can be installed in parallel, with different power

ratings.
All of the AFQ-4W must use the same load transformer. Refer to the
section 3.6.- PARALLEL CONNECTION OF 2 TO 8 ACTIVE FILTERS
to install more than one active filter in parallel.
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4.3.4.- FILTER DATA
This menu (Figure 58) contains the features of the AFQ-4W.
Figure 58: Filter data screen.
This information is factory set and cannot be changed by the user.

Filter range: AFQ-4W nominal current.
Serial number: Identification of the AFQ-4W.
Setup code: An internal code used to configure the unit.
Software version: Software version in the unit.
Panel version: Screen software version.
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AFQ-4W
4.3.5.- SCREEN CONFIGURATION
This screen (Figure 59) enables all of the screen parameters to be configured.
Figure 59: Screen configuration.
Language: Panel language selection.

Date: .Date configuration.
Time: Time configuration.
Sound: Panel beep sound enabling and disabling.
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4.3.6.- PASSWORD
All configuration options of the active filter can be password protected. To lock or
unlock the configuration, press on the LOCK/UNLOCK PARAMETERS key on
the different screens (Figure 60)
Figure 60: Parameter locking key.
When the locking function is active, the unlocking option appears;
When the locking function is inactive, the activation option appears;
To activate or deactivate the parameter locking function, the password must be

entered on the virtual keyboard on the screen after pressing the
LOCK/UNLOCK PARAMETERS key. ( Figure 61)
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AFQ-4W
Figure 61 : Password screen.
The default password is: 1 2 3 4.

The password is confirmed by pressing Enter.
Press ESC to return to the previous screen.
After changing the configuration, the password must be reactivated to

avoid accidental changes in the future.
4.4.- RS-485 COMMUNICATIONS

The active filters have a RS-485 communications port with the MODBUS RTU
communications protocol.
The RS-485 communication cable is connected to the back of the display, as
shown in Figura 62:
RS-485
connector
Figure 62: Position of the RS-485 connector in the AFQ-4W
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The RS-485 connection is shown in Figure 63:
Figure 63: RS-485 connection.
The Modbus configuration of the AFQ-4W is shown in Table 8:

Variable
Protocol
Peripheral no.
Baud Rate
Parity
Data bits
Stop bits
Value
MODBUS RTU slave
2
9600
No
8
1
Table 8: Modbus configuration.
The permitted Modbus functions are (Table 9):

(1)
Permitted Modbus functions

Read (R)
03
Write (W)
10
(1)
Values expressed as hexadecimals
Table 9: Permitted Modbus functions
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AFQ-4W
4.4.1. MODBUS FRAMES
Variable reading
Question:
Peripheral
number
Modbus
function
02
03
Start
address
No. logs
CRC 16
(Modbus)
Response:
Peripheral
number
Modbus
function
No. bytes
(2 x number of logs)
02
03
1 Byte
Data
(2 x number of logs)
H
CRC 16
(Modbus)
H
Variable write
Question:
Peripheral
number
Modbus
function
02
10
Start
address
No. logs
No. bytes
(2 x number of
logs)
1 Byte
Start
address
No. logs
CRC 16
(Modbus)
Data
(2 x number of
logs)
H
CRC 16
(Modbus)
H
Response:
Peripheral
number
Modbus
function
02
10
Note All of the values are expressed as hexadecimals.

In Appendix B: In Modbus Map you can see the memory map of the parameters
that can be viewed via RS-485.
4.4.2. PowerStudio SOFTWARE
CIRCUTOR uses the PowerStudio energy management software for the
configuration, communication and monitoring of the AFQ-4W.
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5.- MAINTENANCE
The AFQ-4W active filter requires a minimum of preventive maintenance.
It is recommended to follow the notes described in this chapter to

avoid premature damage to the unit's components.
Table 10 shows the maintenance jobs with their respective time intervals.
Description
Standard maintenance
Cooling turbines (for AFQ-4W-100, AFQ-4W-150 and AFQ-4W200)
Cooling fans
DC bus capacitors
Interval
5,000 to 9,000 hours
40,000 h
100,000 h
200,000 h
Table 10: Active filter maintenance.
Note: The time intervals of the maintenance operations can vary depending on
the unit's operating conditions and environmental factors.
Follow the safety instructions given in SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
before any maintenance operation in the AFQ-4W filters.
Failure to follow these instructions may result in injury or even
death.
Certain components in the unit can reach high temperatures.

Allow the unit to cool down before performing any maintenance
operations.
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5.1. STANDARD MAINTENANCE
Perform maintenance in 6 to 12 monthly intervals, depending on the
environmental dirt and operation of the unit.
The points to be followed are:

1.- Set the AFQ-4W in STOP mode and turn off the main switch
(OFF position).
2.- Wait 5 minutes for the capacitors to discharge.
3.- Clean the ventilation grilles, the inside of the unit and fans.
4.- Check the state and tightness of the electrical connections.
5.- Replace the display battery if necessary.
The display uses a CR2032 3V battery. The LED in the bottom left corner of the
display indicates the state of the battery.
Green: the battery is correct.
Red: low battery level.
Display battery
Figure 64: Rear of the display.
The battery display is in its rear, as indicated in Figure 64.
It is best to note the configuration of the AFQ-4W, refer to 4.3.CONFIGURACIN.
When the panel battery is changed, the language, date and time of the unit have
to be reconfigured. (refer to 4.3.5.- SCREEN CONFIGURATION).
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5.2. COOLING TURBINES AND FANS
The cooling fans and turbines must work properly to avoid
overheating in the active filter components.
Table 11 gives the number of fans and/or turbines required to cool the inductors
and the semiconductors according to the active filter model.

Inductor
cooling fans
IGBT cooling fans
IGBT cooling
turbines
AFQ-4W-25 A
AFQ-4W-50 A
AFQ-4W-100 A
AFQ-4W-150 A
AFQ-4W-200 A
AFQ model
Table 11 : Cooling components depending on the active filter model.
The following symptoms in the behaviour of the filter can indicate wear in the
fans or turbines:
Increased noise in the fan / turbine.
Increased temperature in the unit under the same environmental
conditions and load.
The AFQ-4W periodically indicates the temperature alarm.
If any sign of wear is detected, the affected fan/turbine should be replaced.
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AFQ-4W
5.2.1. INDUCTOR COOLING FANS
5.2.1.1. AFQ-4W-25 A / 50 A / 100 A MODELS
Follow these instructions to replace the inductor cooling fans in the AFQ-4W25A, AFQ-4W-50A and AFQ-4W-100A models:
Figure 65: Position of the inductor fans in the AFQ-4W-25, AFQ-4W-50 and AFQ-4W-100.
1.- Set the AFQ-4W to STOP mode and turn off the main switch
(OFF position).
2.- Wait 5 minutes for the energy accumulated in the capacitors to discharge.
3.- Open the AFQ-4W cabinet and disconnect the fan's power supply. (Figure
66)
The power supply terminals are located in the lower left corner of the fan. Grasp
the terminal firmly and pull to disconnect it.
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Figure 66: Disconnection of the fan power supply.
4.- Use a 3 mm Allen key to unscrew the 4 screws fixing the fan to the front
panel. (Figure 67)
Figure 67: Unscrew the 4 screws from the fan
5.- Replace the damaged fan, connecting the power supply terminals in the
bottom left corner.
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6.- Use the 3 mm Allen key to fix the fan to the front panel. (Figure 68)
Figure 68: Fix the fan to the front panel.
7.-Connect the power supply terminals.

5.2.1.2. AFQ-4W-150 A / 200 A MODELS
Follow these instructions to replace the inductor cooling fans in the AFQ-4W150A, and AFQ-4W-200A models:
Figure 69: Position of the inductor fans in the AFQ-4W-150 and AFQ-4W-200 filters.
1.- Set the AFQ-4W to STOP mode and turn off the main switch
(OFF position).
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3.- Remove the protection board from the inductor compartment.
(Figure 70)
Figure 70: Remove the protection board from the inductor compartment.
4.- Take off the inductor busbars and cables. (Figure 71)
Use a 10 mm socket spanner and 5 mm Allen key to take off the cables
from the inductors' side.
Use a 13 mm socket spanner and 13 mm open-end spanner to
disconnect the cable from the mains side.
Figure 71: Take off the inductor busbars and cables.
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AFQ-4W
5.- Unscrew the compartment cover fasteners with a no. 20 Torx key and remove
the cover. (Figure 72).
Figure 72: Unscrew the cover fasteners
6.- Disconnect the power supply fans by firmly grasping the terminal and pulling
to disconnect it. (Figure 73)
Figure 73: Disconnect the power supply from the fans.
7.-Take out the fan being changed using a socket spanner or 7 mm spanner to
hold the rear nut and a flat or Phillips screwdriver to loosen the screw. (Figure
74)
Figure 74: Remove the fan.
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8.- Fix and connect the replacement fan.
9.- Fix the inductor compartment cover.
10.- Fasten the inductor cables and busbars.
11.- Fit the protection board.
5.2.2. COOLING FANS/TURBINES OF THE IGBTs
5.2.2.1. AFQ-4W-25 A / 50 A MODELS
The AFQ-4W-25 and AFQ-4W-50 active filters cool the IGBTs using fans.
The fans are fixed to the IGBT heatsink. Each unit has four fans: two on the top
and two on the bottom.
(Figure 75).
Figure 75: Position of the IGBT upper and lower fans (AFQ-4W-25 and AFQ-4W-50).
The instructions that follow must be observed in replacing the fans:

1.- Place the AFQ-4W in STOP mode and turn off the main switch
(OFF position).
3.-Remove the protection board and unfasten the front panel holding the
electronic boards. (Figure 76)
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AFQ-4W
Figure 76: Position of the protection board ( AFQ-4W-25 and AFQ-4W-50)
4.- Remove the right side cabinet cover.

UPPER FANS
5.- Remove the extractor hood fasteners to be able to reach the top fans. (Figure
77)
Figure 77: Remove the fasteners from the extractor hood.
6.- Lift the extractor hood, disconnect the power supply from the fans and
remove the hood. (Figure 78)
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Figure 78: Disconnect the power supply from the fans and remove the hood.
7.-Remove the four fan screws to extract them.(Figure 79)
Figure 79: Remove the fan screws.
8.- Replace the damaged fans. Fit the fan, leaving the power supply pins on the
side of the IGBTs
9.- Pass the power supply cable through the drill hole on the hood.
10.- Connect the power supply of the two fans.
11.- Screw back on the extractor hood fasteners.
LOWER FANS
12.- Remove the power supply cable from the bottom heatsink fans. (Figure 80)
Figure 80: Remove the power supply cable
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AFQ-4W
13.- Reach into the fans from the side and remove the right fan fasteners. It is
best to follow the order of the steps shown in Figure 81.
3
4
Figure 81: Remove the fan fasteners on the right.
14.- Remove the left fan by unscrewing the four fasteners.

15.- Replace the left fan with a new one.
16.- Replace the fan on the right.
17.- Connect the fan power supply cables.
18.- Lift up and attach the front panel metal plate.
20.- Fit the side cover.
21.- Start up the unit and check that the fans operate correctly.
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5.2.2.2. AFQ-4W-100 A / 150 A / 200 A MODELS
The AFQ-4W-100A, AFQ-4W-150A and AFQ-4W-200A active filters
cool the IGBTs using turbines.
Figure 82: Position of the cooling turbine in the AFQ-4W-100.
Figure 83: Position of the cooling turbines in the AFQ-4W-150 and AFQ-4W-200 filters.
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AFQ-4W
The instructions that follow must be observed:
(OFF position).
3.- Remove the front panel protection board.
4.- Drop the front panel metal plate. (Figure 84)
5.- Remove the DC bus busbar. (Figure 84)
6.- Disconnect the earth wire from the front panel metal plate. (Figure 84)
7.- Remove the top crossbar. (Figure 84)
6
Figure 84: Steps 4, 5, 6 and 7
8- Remove the back cabinet cover. The side cabinet covers can be removed if
more space or light is needed during these procedures.
9.- Disconnect the inverter bridge R-S-T phases. (Figure 85)
Figure 85: Disconnect the inverter bridge R-S-T phases.
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10.- Disconnect the IGBT connectors from the gate board. The top board must
first be removed to be able to disconnect the IGBTs from the bottom board.
11.- Disconnect the NTC connectors from the controller board
12.- Take the NTC probe cabling out of the channel.
13.-. Disconnect the turbine power supply.
The location of the power supply depends on the turbine model.
If the turbine is black, the power supply is on the front part (Figure 86).
Figure 86: Disconnect the turbine power supply (black turbine).
If the turbine has a steel finish, the power supply is on the rear part
(Figure 87).
Figure 87: Disconnect the turbine power supply (steel turbine).
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AFQ-4W
14.- Unscrew the extractor hood fasteners on the back metal plate (Figure 88).
Figure 88: Unscrew the fasteners from the extractor hood.
15.- Remove the screws fastening the heatsink to the hood. (Figure 89)
Figure 89: Remove the screws fastening the heatsink to the hood.
16.- Unscrew the bottom fasteners from the pack formed by the heatsink body,
the turbine and the IGBT bridge while the whole pack is held.
It is best to have two people do this task. (Figure 90)
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Figure 90: Unscrew the bottom fasteners.
17.- Move the pack towards the bottom until the heatsink comes out of the
extractor hood. (Figure 91)
18.- Tilt the pack towards the outside of the cabinet and remove it. (Figure 91)
Figure 91: Remove the pack from the cabinet.
19.- Place the pack on a flat, stable surface to unscrew the turbine fasteners.
(Figure 92)
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AFQ-4W
Figure 92: Unscrew the turbine fasteners
20.- Replace the turbine with the spare.

21.- Reinsert the pack into the cabinet.
22.- Fix the extractor hood.
23.- Connect the turbine power supply.
24.- Connect the R-S-T phases to the inverter bridge.
25.- Put the NTC probe cable back in the channel.
26.- Connect the NTC probe.
27.- Connect the IGBTs to the driver board and reinstall the driver board if
necessary.
Respect the R-S-T order of the connectors.
28.- Connect the DC bus busbar.

29.- Insert the top crossbar of the AFQ-4W cabinet.
30.- Connect the earth wire to the front panel metal plate of the AFQ-4W.
32.- Check that the turbine operates correctly.
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5.3. DC BUS CAPACITORS
The DC bus capacitors have a useful life of 200,000 hours (22 years). The
capacitor life depends on the operation of the active filter and the environmental
conditions and, especially, on the ambient temperature.
The active filter capacitors are maintenance-free, except when the unit is started
up after long storage (Refer to 3.3.- STORAGE FOR LONG PERIODS.).
6.- SOFTWARE UPDATE
The AFQ-4W software can be updated with a memory that should be supplied
by the CIRCUTOR technical service.
The complete software update of the unit is divided into two parts:
1.- Controller software update.
2.- Display software update.
The material required for the full update is:
CIRCUTOR memory stick
USB memory stick with the Vx.yz_CIRCUTOR software ( x.yz: software
version no.)
The version of the controller software and the display software must
be the same. Two different software versions can leave the active
filter inoperative.
To check the current version of the software, access the filter data screen
(Section 4.3.4.- FILTER DATA).
6.1. CONTROLLER SOFTWARE UPDATE
Update the unit controller software as follows:
(OFF position).
3.- Remove the protection board to access the controller board.
4.- Locate the controller board.
If the board has micro-switches, move the two micro-switches closest to the
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AFQ-4W
battery. If the board has jumpers, move the two jumpers closest to the battery. If
the initial status was 0000, now it should be 0011. (Figure 93)
Figure 93: Change the position of the jumpers (A) or micro switches (B)
5.- Connect the memory stick supplied by CIRCUTOR to port J12 next to the
micro-switches or jumpers.
It should be connected with the fat side facing the battery. (Figure 94)
Figure 94: Connect the memory stick to port J12
6.- Close the filter door and power it up.

7.- Wait 2 minutes and turn off the AFQ-4W once more. The updating process
should have finished.
8.- Turn off the unit and wait 5 minutes for the energy accumulated in the
capacitors to discharge.
9.- Open the filter door.
10.- Disconnect the memory stick.
11.-Change the position of the micro-switches or the jumpers to the initial
configuration 0000.
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The controller software update is complete.
If the display software is not updated, update this software before

starting up the unit. (Section 6.2)
When the controller software update is complete, it may be necessary

to reconfigure the unit parameters. Before starting up the AFQ-4W
following
an
update,
check
all
of
the
configuration
parameters.(Section 4.3.)
6.2. DISPLAY SOFTWARE UPDATE.

To update the panel software:
a USB memory stick
the update file Vx.yx_CIRCUTOR. ( x.yz: software version number)
Follow the steps below to update the display software:
1.- Copy the file XP_Project in the root directory of the memory stick.
Omit this step if you have a CIRCUTOR memory stick
If the XP_Project file is compressed in a *.rar format, unzip the file and copy it to
the memory stick in the directory:
(USB memory root):\XP_Project\Vx.yz_CIRCUTOR
(OFF position).
4.- With the unit turned off, open the front door and plug the memory stick into
the USB port located behind the screen. (Figure 95)
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AFQ-4W
USB port
Figure 95: USB port
4.- Close the front door of the unit.

5.- Turn on the unit and wait for the screen to start up.
6.- Check that the filter is STOP.
7.- Access the FILTER DATA menu (Section 4.3.4) and change the
configuration code 14 for 25. (Figure 96)
Figure 96: Change the Configuration code.
8.- Access the screen configuration (Section 4.3.5) and press EXIT to access
the internal menu. (Figure 97)
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Figure 97: Press EXIT to access the screen setup menu.
9.- Press Storage Function in the internal screen setup menu. ( Figure 98)
If the error message Cannot find any removable Storage appears,
disconnect the memory stick from the USB port and connect it again.
Figure 98: Press Storage Function
10.- Press the Project Download option (Figure 99).
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AFQ-4W
Figure 99: Press Project Download.
11.- Select the file Vx.yz_CIRCUTOR and press OK.

12.- Wait until the updating process ends. When the process ends, the active
filter main screen will appear.
13.- Turn off the active filter and wait for the energy accumulated in the
capacitors to discharge. Disconnect the memory stick.
14.- Power up the active filter once more.
If the End Configuration message appears, open the FILTER DATA screen and
program the configuration code 14. Return to the main screen and check that the
message no longer appears.
If the Error in the modules in parallel message appears, open the
PARAMETERS screen. Press MODULES IN PARALLEL and enter the number
of active filters installed in parallel. Check section 4.3.3.- CONFIGURATION OF
PARAMETERS
If the controller software is not updated, update this software before

starting up the unit. (Section 6.1)
When the display software update is complete, it may be necessary to

reconfigure the unit parameters. Before starting up the AFQ-4W
following
an
update,
check
all
of
the
configuration
parameters.(Section 4.3.)
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7.- TECHNICAL FEATURES

Models
AFQ-4W-25
AFQ-4W-50
AFQ-4W-100
AFQ-4W-150
AFQ-4W-200
25A RMS
50A RMS
100A RMS
150A RMS
200A RMS
Harmonic neutral
current
75A RMS
150A RMS
300A RMS
450A RMS
600A RMS
Harmonic peak
current
50A PEAK
100A PEAK
200A PEAK
300A PEAK
400A PEAK
1000W
1700W
3500W
5700W
6100W
Harmonic phase
current
Max.
consumption.
ELECTRICAL FEATURES
Rated voltage
400 V 15%
Mains frequency
50 Hz / 60 Hz - 4%
Connection
3 phases with neutral (4 wires)

FILTER SPECIFICATIONS
from the 2nd to the 50th harmonic
Harmonic compensation
Specific harmonics selection
from the 2nd to the 50th harmonic
Phase balancing
Yes
Reactive current compensation
Yes
Controller
Digital, DSP
Response time
< 1ms
Yes, when the nominal current of the filter is
Saturation protection
exceeded
User interface
Operating temperature
LCD Screen, 5.7 320x240 pixel

ENVIRONMENTAL FEATURES
0C to +40C
Relative humidity
0% to 90% (without condensation)
Maximum altitude
< 2000 m
Storage temperature
0C to +50C
MECHANICAL FEATURES
Models
AFQ-4W-25
AFQ-4W-50
AFQ-4W-100
Dimensions (WxHxD) (mm)
500x830x450
655x1350x450
655x1470x450
Weight (kg)
135
212
272
Models
AFQ-4W-150
AFQ-4W-200
1190x1900x620x720
1190x1900x620x720
505
511
Dimensions (WxHxD1xD2)
(mm)
Weight (kg)
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AFQ-4W
Figure 100: Dimensions of AFQ-4W (25A, 50A, 100A)
Figure 101: Dimensions of AFQ-4W (150A, 200A)
Harmonic regulation
STANDARDS
EN61000-3-4, IEEE519-1992
Electrical specifications
EN60146
Electrical safety
EN50178
Electromagnetic compatibility
EN55011, EN50081-2, EN61000-4-2, EN61000-4-3,

EN61000-4-4, EN61000-4-5, EN61000-4-6,
EN61000-6-2
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8.- MAINTENANCE AND TECHNICAL SERVICE
In the case of any query in relation to unit operation or malfunction, please
contact the CIRCUTOR, SA Technical Support Service.
Technical Assistance Service
Vial Sant Jordi, s/n 08232 - Viladecavalls (Barcelona)
Tel.: 902 449 459 (Spain) / +34 937 452 900 (outside of Spain)
email: sat@circutor.es
9.- GUARANTEE
CIRCUTOR guarantees its products against any manufacturing defect for two
years after the delivery of the units.
CIRCUTOR will repair or replace any defective factory product returned during
the guarantee period.
No returns will be accepted and no unit will be repaired or replaced if it is

not accompanied by a report indicating the defect detected or the reason
for the return.
The guarantee will be void if the units has been improperly used or the
storage, installation and maintenance instructions listed in this manual
have not been followed. "Improper usage" is defined as any operating or
storage condition contrary to the national electrical code or that
surpasses the limits indicated in the technical and environmental
features of this manual.
CIRCUTOR accepts no liability due to the possible damage to the unit or
other parts of the installation, nor will it cover any possible sanctions
derived from a possible failure, improper installation or "improper usage"
of the unit. Consequently, this guarantee does not apply to failures
occurring in the following cases:
- Overvoltages and/or electrical disturbances in the supply;
- Water, if the product does not have the appropriate IP classification;
- Poor ventilation and/or excessive temperatures;
- Improper installation and/or lack of maintenance;
- Buyer repairs or modifications without the manufacturer's authorisation.
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10.- CE CERTIFICATE
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APPENDIX A: DISPLAY MESSAGES
The tables below show all of the messages that might appear on the main
screen, along with the description and the corresponding corrective action.
Disconnect the main switch before starting any maintenance task on

the AFQ-4W filters. After the main switch has been disconnected,
wait at least 5 minutes to ensure that all the DC side capacitors and
the parallel passive filter are completely discharged.
ACTIVE FILTER STOPPED
Table 12 shows the messages that might appear on the main screen before the
AFQ-4W starts up.
NOT INITIAL CONDITIONS (Initial conditions not met)

Starting ...
Description
AFQ-4W is starting
Corrective
Action
Wait until the initialisation is complete.

If the message is still displayed, check the RS-232
communications cable between the panel and the controller board.
Set Up transformer ratio
Description
The transformation ratio of the load measuring transformer is not

configured.
Corrective
Action
Check section 4.3.3.- CONFIGURATION OF PARAMETERS

to configure the transformer ratio.
MIN. Load current
Description
Corrective
Action
The load current is below the minimum limit programmed in the

AFQ-4W.
The minimum current of the AFQ-4W can be changed in section
4.3.3.- CONFIGURATION OF PARAMETERS
Mains voltage fault.
Description
Mains voltage too low.
Corrective
Action
Check the input voltage of the three phases of the AFQ-4W and
the circuit breaker 1Q22.
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MIN. DC bus voltage
Description
The DC bus voltage is too low.
Corrective
Action
Check the input voltage of the three phases of the AFQ-4W and
the circuit breaker 1Q22.
Synchronising
Description
Synchronising with the mains frequency.
Corrective
Action
Check the input voltage and the connections if the message

remains on the screen.
Polarity Error
Description
Error measuring the load current.
Corrective
Action
Check the measuring transformers connection. Check the unit

configuration, 4.3.2.- OPERATION MODE CONFIGURATION.
DC Bus imbalance
Description
The capacitor voltage is decompensated.
Corrective
Action
Reduce the number of harmonics to be neutralised.

NTC connector failure
Description
Corrective
Action
The NTC temperature probe is disconnected or the temperature

inside the unit is below 0C.
Make sure the NTC probe is connected to the controller board.
If the temperature inside the cabinet is under 0C, do not start the
unit.
Table 12: Not Initial Conditions messages.
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ACTIVE FILTER IN ALARM STATUS
Table 13 shows the messages that might appear on the main screen when the
AFQ-4W is in an alarm status.

ALARM
NTC1 temperature
Description
NTC probe overtemperature.
Corrective
Action
Make sure that the fans or turbines at the top of the cabinet are
operating properly.
NTC2 temperature
Description
NTC probe overheating
Corrective
Action
Make sure that the fans or turbines at the top of the cabinet are
operating properly.
Inductor Temperature
Description
Inductor overtemperature
Corrective
Action
Ensure that the fans at the bottom of the cabinet are operating
properly.
MAX. DC bus voltage.
Description
The voltage on the DC bus capacitors is too high.
Corrective
Action
Check the unit connections and the input voltages.

MAX. Bus positive voltage
Description
Corrective
Action

MAX. Bus negative voltage
Description
Corrective
Action

MAX. Current
Description
The AFQ-4W current is too high.
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AFQ-4W
Corrective
Action
Check the unit connections or reduce the harmonics to be filtered.

MAX. Mains voltage
Description
The mains voltage is too high.
Corrective
Action
Check the AFQ-4W input voltage levels.

Desaturation
Description
Problem related to the inverter drivers.
Corrective
Action
Check the connections of the controller boards.

Initial Conditions Error
Description
An alarm caused by repeated no initial conditions.
Corrective
Action
Check the initial conditions and the configuration.

Resonance Alarm
Description
An alarm caused by the resonance of a harmonic current with load.
Corrective
Action
Ensure that the filter is operating in frequency mode. Refer to

section 4.3.3.- CONFIGURATION OF PARAMETERS
Contactor faults
Description
The cabinet contactors do not work correctly or a circuit breaker

has tripped.
Corrective
Action
Check the cabling of the contactor auxiliary contacts and the circuit
breakers.
DC Bus Load Error
Description
The DC bus voltage is not sufficient for the proper unit operation.
Corrective
Action
Check the connections of the controller boards.

Table 13: Alarm messages.
The RESET ALARM button of the main screen rearms the unit if the cause of
the alarm has disappeared or been solved.
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ACTIVE FILTER OPERATING
AFQ-4W is operating.
START
MAX. Load current.
Description
Corrective
Action
The load harmonics are higher than the filter nominal current.
The AFQ-4W is operating properly but working in saturation. The number
of harmonics to be filtered or the unit power should be reduced. Check
section 4.3.- CONFIGURATION.
Table 14: Operation messages.
ACTIVE FILTER IN CONFIGURATION

AFQ-4W is in configuration status.

CONFIGURATION
Complete configuration
Description
Corrective
Action
The configuration code is not correct

The unit is factory configured.
If any of the configuration messages should appear, contact the technical
service.
Filter range error
Description
Corrective
Action
The configured filter range is not correct.

service.
Error in the modules in parallel
Description
The AFQ-4W in parallel configuration number is wrong.
Corrective

Action
service.
Error in the control algorithm
Description
The number identifying the control algorithm is wrong.
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AFQ-4W
Corrective
Action

service.
Error in the software version
Description
Corrective
Action
The screen software version is not the same as the controller board
software version.
service.
Error in AFQ-4W power limit
Description
Corrective
Action
The value of the power limit parameter is wrong. It will configure a value of
between 20% and 100%
service.
Table 15: Configuration Messages.
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APPENDIX B: MODBUS MAP
Name
Buttons
Bit
Function
R/W
Response
Address (Hexadecimal)
0000
Description
0: Stop
1: Start
0: Rearm alarm
1: OK
Name
Flags
Bit
8
9
A
Type
Bit
Type
Bit
Start/Stop button
Alarm reset
Function
R/W
Response
0001
Description
Harmonic filtering flag
Phase current balancing flag
Reactive current compensation flag
0: Priority in harmonic filtering

1: Priority in balancing and
C
D
E
Order of priorities flag

Polarity alarm tripping flag
Low temperature alarm tripping flag
Resonance alarm tripping flag
Name
Harmonic filtering flags
Bit
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
Name
AFQ status
Type
Word
Type
Bit
Function
R/W
0002
Description
Harmonic 3 filtering flag
Function
R
Response
000F
0:
No connection
1,2:
Not initial conditions
3:
Stop
4, 5, 6: Operation
7:
Alarm
8:
Calibration
9:
Configuration
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AFQ-4W
Name
AFQ incidents
Type
Word
Function
R
Response
0010
0: OK (no incidents)
1: MAXIMUM DC bus voltage
2: MAXIMUM Current L1
5: MAXIMUM Mains voltage L1
8: MAXIMUM DC bus positive voltage
9: MAXIMUM DC bus negative voltage
10: Desaturation
11: Desaturation L1
12: Desaturation L2
13: Desaturation L3
14: Desaturation LN
15: MAXIMUM NTC1 temperature
16: MAXIMUM NTC2 temperature
17: Error in initial conditions
18: Resonance alarm
19: MAXIMUM Inductor temperature
20: DC bus load error
21: MINIMUM DC bus voltage
22: MINIMUM Load current
23: Mains voltage fault
24: Polarity error
25: Starting up
26: DC bus imbalance
27: Contactor faults
28: NTC connector fault
30: Complete configuration
31: Filter range error
32: Synchronising
33: Transformer ratio configuration
34: Error in the control algorithm
35: Error in the parallel modules
36: Error in the software versions
37: Error in the AFQ-4W power limit
40: Maximum load current
Name
Transformer ratio
Type
Word
Response
Function
R/W
0014
Description
5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 75, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250,
300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 750, 800, 1000, 1200, 1500, 1600,
2000, 2500, 3000, 4000, 5000, /5 A
Load measuring transformer

ratio xxx/5
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Name
Type
Minimum load current
Word
Response
Function
R/W
0015
Description
Minimum load current to start the
AFQ-4W
Response in Amps without decimals.
Name
Type Function
AFQ range Word
R/W
Response
25 / 50 / 100 / 150 / 200
Name
Configuration code
0016
Description
Unit range. WARNING: DO NOT MODIFY
Type
Word
Function
R/W
Response
0017
14: Complete configuration

25: Enter AFQ-4W configuration
Name
Type
AFQ software version
Word
Response
Response format X.XX
Name
Type
Control algorithm
Word
Response
1: Frequency mode
2: Temporary mode
Name
Parallel AFQ number
Bit
Function
R
Function
R/W
Type
Function
Word
R/W
Response
No. of AFQ-4W 25A
Numbering from 0 to 7
3
4
5
No. of AFQ-4W 50A

6
7
8
No. of AFQ-4W 100A

9
A
B
No. of AFQ-4W 150A

C
D
E
No. of AFQ-4W 200A

F:0 No. AFQYY <= 7 units
F: 1 No. AFQYY == 8
where YY: Range of AFQ 25,
50, 100, 150, 200
Instruction Manual
0019
Description
Control algorithm selection
0
1
2
0018
Description
AFQ software version
001A
Description
Number of AFQ-4W installed in parallel.

The value is coded in 16 bits.
Note The consulted unit counts as 1u.,
so the minimum value will be 001 for the
consulted range.
Flag indication of 8 AFQ-4W of the

same range in parallel
99
AFQ-4W
Name
Type Function
Serial number high (001B) + low (001C) Word
R
001B - 001C
Response
Description
Reading of two logs (001B - 001C) which form
HH LL HH LL in hexadecimal
the serial number.
This number is formed by 4 bytes. [HL HL]
Name
Power limit
Type
Function
Word
R/W
Response
20 <= Limit <= 100
Value in % with respect to the nominal power of the unit
without decimals.
Name
Type Function
Panel software version
Word
R
Response
Response format X.XX
001D
Description
Maximum power limit of the AFQ
in %
001E
Description
Panel software version
Name
Mains current harmonics L1
Name
Type
Function
1st Mains current harmonic L1
Word
R
003C
3rd Mains current harmonic L1
Word
R
003D
5th Mains current harmonic L1
Word
R
003E
Word
R
003F
Word
R
0040
Word
R
0041
Word
R
0042
Word
R
0043
Word
R
0044
Word
R
0045
Word
R
0046
Word
R
0047
Word
R
0048
Response
1st harmonic response in % without decimals.
Name
Name
Type
Function
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
100
0050
0051
0052
0053
0054
0055
0056
0057
0058
0059
005A
Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
Response
Word
R
005B
Word
R
005C
Name
Name
Type
Function
Word
R
0065
Word
R
0066
Word
R
0067
Word
R
0068
Word
R
0069
Word
R
006A
Word
R
006B
Word
R
006C
Word
R
006D
Word
R
006E
Word
R
006F
Word
R
0070
Word
R
0071
Response
Name
1st Load current harmonic L1
3rd Load current harmonic L1
5th Load current harmonic L1
Response
Name
Load current harmonics L1
Type
Function
Word
R
0078
Word
R
0079
Word
R
007A
Word
R
007B
Word
R
007C
Word
R
007D
Word
R
007E
Word
R
007F
Word
R
0080
Word
R
0081
Word
R
0082
Word
R
0083
Word
R
0084
Name
Name
Type
Function
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
Word
R
Instruction Manual
008C
008D
008E
008F
0090
0091
0092
0093
0094
101
AFQ-4W
Response
Word
R
0095
Word
R
0096
Word
R
0097
Word
R
0098
Name
Response
Name
Type
Function
Word
R
00A0
Word
R
00A1
Word
R
00A2
Word
R
00A3
Word
R
00A4
Word
R
00A5
Word
R
00A6
Word
R
00A7
Word
R
00A8
Word
R
00A9
Word
R
00AA
Word
R
00AB
Word
R
00AC
Name
Load current total THD L1
Mains current total THD L1
Response
Name
Load current L1 (IL1)
Response
Mains current L1 (IR1)
Response
Mains voltage L1 (VL1)
Response
Load active power L1 (P L1)
Load reactive power L1 (Q L1)
102
Name
Total current THD
Type Function
Word
R
00B4
Word
R
00B5
Word
R
00B6
Word
R
00B7
Word
R
00B8
Word
R
00B9
Response in % without decimals.
Name
Instant measurements
Type Function
Word
R
00C8
Word
R
00C9
Word
R
00CA
Word
R
00CB
Word
R
00CC
Word
R
00CD
Word
R
00CE
Word
R
00CF
Word
R
00D0
Response in Volts without decimals.
Word
R
00D1
Word
R
00D2
Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
Load apparent power L1 (S L1)
Mains active power L1 (P L1)
Mains reactive power L1 (Q L1)
Mains apparent power L1 (S L1)
Response
Load power factor L1 (PF L1)
Mains power factor L1 (PF R1)
Response
Mains frequency (FREQ)
Response
NTC1 temperature (NTC1 TEMP)
NTC2 temperature (NTC2 TEMP)
Response
Filter L1 power used in percentage at
nominal power.
nominal power.
nominal power.
Response
Name
Flag configuration
Bit
2
Word
R
00D3
Word
R
00D4
Word
R
00D5
Word
R
00D6
Word
R
00D7
Word
R
00D8
Word
R
00D9
Word
R
00DA
Word
R
00DB
Word
R
00DC
Word
R
00DD
Word
R
00DE
Word
R
00DF
Word
R
00E0
Word
R
00E1
Word
R
00E2
Active power in kW with one decimal and sign.
Reactive power in kVAr with one decimal and sign.
Apparent power in kVA with one decimal and sign.
Word
R
00E3
Word
R
00E4
Word
R
00E5
Word
R
00E6
Word
R
00E7
Word
R
00E8
Response format "0,XX"
Word
R
00E9
Response in Hertz with one decimal.
Word
R
00EA
Word
R
00EB
Response in degrees without decimals.
Word
00EC
Word
00ED
Word
00EE
Unit nominal power response in % without decimals.
Type
Bit
Function
R
Options
0: Locked parameters
1: Unlocked parameters
Name
ALARM COUNT DEVICE
Type
Word
Function
R
Description
01F4
Description
Filter data locking flag
01F5
Counter of the number of alarms
Instruction Manual
103
AFQ-4W
Name
PASSWORD
Type
Function
Word
R
Options
Password: "0", unlocked parameters
Password "1234", locked parameters
104
01FE
Description
Parameter locking password
Instruction Manual
AFQ-4W
Instruction Manual
105
CIRCUTOR, SA
Vial Sant Jordi, s/n
08232 -Viladecavalls (Barcelona)
Tel.: (+34) 93 745 29 00 - Fax: (+34) 93 745 29 14
www.circutor.es central@circutor.es

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Active multi-function filter

Refer to the instruction manual before using the unit.

3.8.2- UNIT VERIFICATION ...........................................................................................................29

4.3.- CONFIGURATION .......................................................................................................................48

4.3.3.- CONFIGURATION OF PARAMETERS ............................................................................55

5.2.2. COOLING FANS/TURBINES OF THE IGBTs ...................................................................71

5.3. DC BUS CAPACITORS ................................................................................................................81

Figure 1: Features label of the AFQ-4W

Make sure that it is equipped with the following accessories:

Inspect the unit externally and internally before connecting.

Figure 2: Transport with pallet jack

Figure 3: Unloading with a forklift

2.- PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

Table 1: AFQ-4W models

All active filter models have the following:

Figure 4: AFQ-4W-25 front view.

AFQ-4W-25 internal components (Figure 5):

Figure 5: AFQ-4W-25 interior.

Figure 6: AFQ-4W-50 front view.

AFQ-4W-50 internal components (Figure 7):

Figure 7: AFQ-4W-50 interior.

Figure 8: AFQ-4W-100 front view.

AFQ-4W-100 internal components (Figure 9):

Figure 9: AFQ-4W-100 interior.

Figure 10: AFQ-4W-150 and AFQ-4W-200 front view.

AFQ-4W-100 and AFQ-4W-200 internal components

Figure 11: AFQ-4W-150 and AFQ-4W-200 interior.

The unit installation and the maintenance operations must only

In order to use the unit safely, it is critical that individuals who

Incorrect installation or configuration of the unit could cause serious

Disconnect the main switch before starting any maintenance

The unit has DC and AC capacitors. Before starting any

Before operating on the current transformers, make sure the

Connect a reactor of at least 3% of the impedance on the input of

3.2.- INSTALLATION LOCATION

Figure 12: Active filter spaces for ventilation.

Install the AFQ-4W in a place protected from water, flammable

Make sure there are no reactive compensation units installed in the

3.3.- STORAGE FOR LONG PERIODS

Table 2: Start-up process depending on storage time.

3.4.- SIZING THE NOMINAL CURRENT OF THE AFQ-4W

Equation 2: Calculating the short-circuit ratio RSC.

Figure 13: Graphic for calculating ISC.

Figure 14: Approximate graphic for calculating the SFh.

Drilling the cover cable entry out of the electrical cabinet to

The connection diagram in Figure 16 must be used when performing the

Figure 16: Connection diagram of the AFQ-4W.

3.5.1. THREE-PHASE MAINS TO NEUTRAL CONNECTION

Figure 17: Mains connection points in the AFQ-4W.

Use cables of a cross-section suitable for the filter nominal current.

Table 3: Minimum cross-section of input cables connected to the AFQ-4W.

3.5.2. CURRENT TRANSFORMER CONNECTION

Figure 18: Transformer connection points in the AFQ-4W.

Class 0.2S transformers of the CT or TCH series are recommended.

Figure 19: Parallel connection of 2 to 8 filters.

Figure 20: Start-up message of the AFQ-4W.

Figure 21: Home screen displayed during the AFQ-4W's start-up.

Before starting up the AFQ-4W, carefully follow the steps given in

If the transformer ratio is not that of the transformer installed, the

3.8.1.2.- PARALLEL MODULE CONFIGURATION

Start the harmonic filtering, phase balancing and/or reactive compensation

Figure 23: Configuration of the functions of the AFQ-4W.