Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
1a
1b
Analogy
2a
2b
Comparative Anatomy
3a
4a
4b
5a
6a
- Evolution as fact
- Mechanism for evolution: more offspring can be
produced than can survive (competition among offspring)
leading to natural selection and differential reproduction
of inherited variation
- All species show variation: some variation is due to
different genes and some due to different environments
(including culture)
- Some inherited variants reproduce more successfully
than others so they will increase in frequency
6b
Describe/explain anagenesis
7a
Describe/explain cladogenesis
8a
9a
10a
11a
Natural selection is a mechanism for evolutionary change favouring the survival and
reproduction of some organisms over other because of their biological characteristics. It
is the change in genotype frequency in a population form one generation to the next due
to the differing abilities of associated phenotypes to survive and reproduce in a given
environment. There is variation in the phenotype of a species, and competition between
different members of the species. Those with more competitive features will compete
better for food and other survival requirements. These organisms will have greater
survival and reproductive success, leading to greater fitness. This results in the change in
frequency of a more favourable characteristic of a gene.
Natural selection occurs when:
1. Within a species, not all individuals are identical i.e. there is inherited variation.
2. If some forms have more offspring than others, the frequency of the variants can
change i.e. natural selection occurs.
11b
Domestication
12a
12b
13a
14a
14b
Fossil record
15a
Homology
16a
16b
Inference 1
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17b
Inference 2
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18b
Inference 3
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19b
Observation 1
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20b
Observation 2
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21b
Observation 3
22a
22b
Observation 4
23a
23b
Observation 5
24a
Variation is heritable
24b
Phylogenetic Constraint
25a
26a
27a
Sexual Selection
28a
28b
Speciation
29a
29b