248

Captulo 8

\
VCE 5 9 2 9 5 9
(QHVWHFDVRHOSXQWRQ VHGHVSOD]DDXQDQXHYDSRVLFLyQHQQH GHFRRUGHQDGDVP$ \9

Punto Q en el centro de la recta de carga

VCC RR \RC FRQWURODQODFRUULHQWHGHVDWXUDFLyQ\ODWHQVLyQGHFRUWH8QDYDULDFLyQHQFXDOTXLHUDGHHVWDV
PDJQLWXGHVKDUiTXHYDUtHQICVDW \RVCEFRUWH8QDYH]TXHHOGLVHxDGRUKDGHWHUPLQDGRORVYDORUHVGHODVYDULD
EOHVDQWHULRUHVVHYDUtDODresistencia de emisor SDUDGHILQLUHOSXQWRQ HQFXDOTXLHUSRVLFLyQDORODUJRGHODUHFWD
GHFDUJD6LRE HVGHPDVLDGRJUDQGHHOSXQWR Q GHGHVSOD]DDOSXQWRGHFRUWH6L RE HVGHPDVLDGRSHTXHxDHO
SXQWRQ VHPXHYHKDFLDODUHJLyQGHVDWXUDFLyQ$OJXQRVGLVHxDGRUHVGHILQHQHOSXQWRQ HQHOFHQWURGHODUHFWDGH
FDUJD

INFORMACIN TIL

Directrices de diseo para la polarizacin

mediante divisor de tensin

/D)LJXUD PXHVWUDXQFLUFXLWRFRQSRODUL]DFLyQPHGLDQWHGLYLVRUGHWHQ
VLyQ9DPRVDXWLOL]DUHVWHFLUFXLWRSDUDPRVWUDUORVSDVRVTXHKD\TXHVHJXLU
carga de un transistor es importante
HQXQGLVHxRSDUDGHILQLUXQSXQWR Q HVWDEOH(VWDWpFQLFDGHGLVHxRHVDGH
porque permite obtener la mxima
FXDGDSDUDODPD\RUtDGHORVFLUFXLWRVSHURVyORHVXQDUHFRPHQGDFLyQ6H
tensin alterna de salida del ampliSXHGHQHPSOHDUWDPELpQRWUDVWpFQLFDVGHGLVHxR
$QWHVGHFRPHQ]DUFRQHOGLVHxRHVLPSRUWDQWHGHWHUPLQDUORVUHTXLVLWRV
ficador. El punto Q centrado en la
RHVSHFLILFDFLRQHVGHOFLUFXLWR1RUPDOPHQWHHOFLUFXLWRVHSRODUL]DSDUDREWH
recta de carga en ocasiones se
QHU XQDWHQVLyQ VCE TXH VHHQFXHQWUHHQHOSXQWRLQWHUPHGLRGHODUHFWDGH
denomina polarizacin en el punto
FDUJDSDUDXQDFRUULHQWHGHFROHFWRUHVSHFLILFDGD7DPELpQVHQHFHVLWDQFRQR
medio.
FHUHOYDORUGHVCC \HOUDQJRGHbGF SDUDHOWUDQVLVWRUTXHVHYDDXVDU$VHJ~
UHVHWDPELpQGHTXHHOFLUFXLWRQRKDUiTXHHOWUDQVLVWRUH[FHGDVXVOtPLWHVGH
GLVLSDFLyQGHSRWHQFLD
&RPHQ]DPRVHVWDEOHFLHQGRTXHODWHQVLyQGHHPLVRUVHDDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHLJXDODODGpFLPDSDUWHGHODWHQ
VLyQGHDOLPHQWDFLyQ

Centrar el punto Q en la recta de

VE 5 VCC
$ FRQWLQXDFLyQFDOFXODPRVHOYDORUGHRE SDUDHVWDEOHFHUODFRUULHQWHGHFROHFWRUHVSHFLILFDGD
VE
RE 5 }
IE
'DGRTXHHOSXQWRQ WLHQHTXHHVWDUDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHHQHOSXQWRPHGLRGHODUHFWDGHFDUJDGHFRQWLQXDXQD
WHQVLyQGHXQRVVCC DSDUHFHHQORVWHUPLQDOHVGHFROHFWRUHPLVRU/RVUHVWDQWHVVCC FDHQHQODUHVLVWHQFLD
GHFROHFWRUSRUWDQWR
RC 5 RE
$ FRQWLQXDFLyQGLVHxDPRVXQGLYLVRUGHWHQVLyQILMRDSOLFDQGRODUHJOD 
RTH # bGF RE
1RUPDOPHQWHR HVPiVSHTXHxDTXHR3RUWDQWRODHFXDFLyQGHOGLYLVRUGHWHQVLyQFRQVWDQWHVHSXHGHVLP
SOLILFDUFRPRVLJXH
R # bGF RE
7DPELpQVHSXHGHGHFLGLUGLVHxDUXQGLYLVRUGHWHQVLyQFDVLFRQVWDQWHXWLOL]DQGRODUHJOD 
R # bGF RE
(QFXDOTXLHUFDVRVHDSOLFDHOYDORUPtQLPRGHbGF SDUDODFRUULHQWHGHFROHFWRUHVSHFLILFDGD
3RU~OWLPRFDOFXODPRVR DSOLFDQGRODUHODFLyQSURSRUFLRQDO
V
R 5 }
V R

249

Polarizacin de los transistores

Figura 8.7

Diseo con polarizacin mediante divisor de tensin.

9


5

9

5&


5

9

5(

Ejemplo 8.4
(QHOFLUFXLWRGHOD)LJXUDFDOFXOHORVYDORUHVGHODVUHVLVWHQFLDVSDUDFXPSOLUODVVLJXLHQWHVHVSHFLILFDFLRQHV
VCC 5 9

VCE HQHOSXQWRPHGLR

IC 5 P$

bGF GHO15 

SOLUCIN 3ULPHURHVWDEOHFHPRVODWHQVLyQGHHPLVRUFRPRVLJXH
VE 5 VCC
VE 5 9 9
/DUHVLVWHQFLDGHHPLVRUVHFDOFXODFRPR
VE
RE 5 }
IE
9
RE 5 } 5 V
P$
/DUHVLVWHQFLDGHFROHFWRUHV
RC 5 RE
RC 5 V5 V XWLOLFHV
$ FRQWLQXDFLyQHOHJLPRVXQGLYLVRUGHWHQVLyQFRQVWDQWHRFDVLFRQVWDQWH3DUDHOFDVRFRQVWDQWHHOYDORUGH R
VHUi
R # bGF RE
R # V5 V
< HOYDORUGHR VHUi
V
R 5 } R
V
V 5 VE 1 9 5 9 1 9 5 9
V 5 VCC 2 V 5 9 2 9 5 9
  9
5 =
 V  =  V XWLOLFHV 
  9