04/07/2016

HAZOP(HazardandOperability)Study:AbriefintroductionWhatisPiping

HAZOP(HazardandOperability)Study:Abriefintroduction
June21,2016 1Comment

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FullformofHAZOPisHazardandOperabilityStudy.Thisisacomprehensive
multidisciplinaryteamexercisetocriticallyreview(Study)thepipingdesign
(Layout/Routing/Placementofbranches/inlineinstrumentationitems/equipments
etc.)withrespecttoHazardousandOperationalconsiderationsandrequirements.
AHazardandOperability(HAZOP)studyisastructuredandsystematic
examinationofaplannedorexistingprocessoroperationinordertoidentifyand
evaluateproblemsthatmayrepresentriskstopersonnelorequipment,orprevent
efficientoperation.
TheHAZOPtechniquewasinitiallydevelopedtoanalysechemicalprocess
systems,buthaslaterbeenextendedtoothertypesofsystemsandalsoto
complexoperationsandtosoftwaresystems.

AHAZOPisaqualitativetechniquebasedonguidewordsandiscarriedoutbya
multidisciplinaryteam(HAZOPteam)duringasetofmeetings.
HAZOPisnowamandatoryactivity.Itisaqualitative,experienceintensive
exerciseasofnow.Itisintheformofdeviationanalysis.Aftertheprocessdesign,thesteadystatespecificationsofeachstreamintheflow
sheetareknown.TheHAZOPteamexhaustivelyasksitselfquestionsastowhatwillhappenifthisspecificationdeviatedonthepositiveor
negativesideoftheexpectedsteadystatevalue.Itdebatesthepossiblecausesandconsequencesofeachsucheventuality.Anythingwhich
appearstothemaslikelytoleadtohazardoussituationsisdebatedfurtherandpossiblemeansofavoidingthesameorraisingalarmifit
happenssothatremedialactioncanbetakenetc.arerecommended.Thismayleadtorecommendationofadditionalinstrumentationonlines
andequipment,HiLoalarmsandtripsetc.mayberequiredtobeprovided.
TheideaofHAZOPistoforeseehazardoussituationandtakemeasuresandabundantprecautiontoavoidthemandincreaseprocesssafety.
Thisisa
structured
analysis,conductedafterthedesignreview,toensurethedesignissuitableforalltheintendedoperatingconditionsandcomplieswiththe
HSErequirements.Thisprocessisalsotoensurethatthefundamentalsofthedesignarethoroughlyexplained,understood,andexamined.
Advantage:
ThebenefitoftheHAZOPisthatearlyidentificationandassessmentofthecriticalhazardsprovidesessentialinputtoprojectdevelopment
decisions.Thisleadstoasaferandmorecosteffectivedesignwithaminimumcostofchangepenalty.
KeyDocumentsrequired:
PFD/PFSs(ProcessFlowDiagram/ProcessFlowSchemes)
P&ID/PEFSs(Piping&InstrumentDiagrams/ProcessEngineeringFlowSchemes)
BasisofDesign
Operating,Controlandsafeguardingphilosophy
Plotplans&Hazardousareaclassificationdrawings
Cause&Effectdiagrams
TeamComposition:
Chairman(independent)
LeadengineersfromProcess,Instrumentation&Control(bothfromDesignteamandClient/Enduser)
Operationsengineer(fromClient/Enduser)
LeadengineersfromMechanical/Piping,Pipeline,HSEandElectricalasrequired.(BothfromDesignteamandClient/Enduser)
Timing:
TheHAZOPstudyshouldpreferablybecarriedoutasearlyinthedesignphaseaspossibletohaveinfluenceonthedesign.Ontheother
handtocarryoutaHAZOPweneedarathercompletedesign.Asacompromise,theHAZOPisusuallycarriedoutasafinalcheckwhenthe
detaileddesignhasbeencompleted.
AHAZOPstudymayalsobeconductedonanexistingfacilitytoidentifymodificationsthatshouldbeimplementedtoreduceriskand
operabilityproblems.

http://www.whatispiping.com/hazop

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04/07/2016

HAZOP(HazardandOperability)Study:AbriefintroductionWhatisPiping

TypicallyHAZOPinEPCdesigncompaniesareperformed3to4weeksaftertheDesignreviewmeeting,oncethedesignreviewpointsare
incorporatedinthekeydocuments.

http://www.whatispiping.com/hazop

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