Ms.

Mboyas Blended Learning Class

Grade 9
Subject area: High School Physical Science [Foundation Chemistry]
Context: [Unit Chemical bonds and reactions]
This is Week 11 of Semester 1. You are familiar with the
states of matter and have an understanding of atomic
structure, the Periodic Table, valence electrons and
electron dot diagrams. We shall investigate why atoms
bond together, the types of chemical bonds they form
and simple chemical reactions. Did you know
photosynthesis in green plants is a chemical reaction?
Lets explore this and more!

Standards:
Name of standards: AERO Standards American Education Reaches Out

Link to standards: http://www.projectaero.org/aero_standards/science-standards/AEROScienceK-12Framework.pdf

PHYSICAL SCIENCE STANDARDS and PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Standard PS: Physical Science
Students will develop an understanding of the concepts, models, theories, universal
principles, and facts that explain the physical world.
Strand
Properties of Matter Students will develop an understanding of the
Standard
characteristic properties of matter and the relationship of these properties
PS.1
to their structure and behavior.
PS.2.12A: By the end of Grade 12, students will understand how an atoms electronic
configuration, particularly its outermost electrons determine how the atom interacts
with other atoms.
Essential Questions / Enduring Understandings / Specific Knowledge or Skills:
Essential Question How and why do atoms interact?
Explain interactions between atoms that hold them together in molecules or between
oppositely charged ions are called chemical bonds
Explain how the configuration of atoms determine the molecular combinations.
1

List evidence that suggest a

chemical reaction might have
occurred and evidence that
proves a chemical reaction
has occurred.

Describe the
Explain how nonrearrangements of atoms spontaneous
involved chemical
reactions can
reactions
occur.

4
Distinguish between
exothermic and
endothermic
reactions

This week we shall research and investigate #1 in the four-column table above.

Technology Requirements:
Own laptop or notebook; students have access to school PCs in Computer Lab
Webcam [if not built into laptop/notebook]
RAM at least 4MB; hard disk storage at least 2GB; your own USB flash disk
Mobile phone or smart phone for taking videos
School email account; School LMS
Main browser/search engine is Google

Pre-requisite skills:
Middle School Science [Physical Science or Life Science] is a prerequisite for
this course. You should be familiar with the scientific method of inquiry.
Satisfactory scores in your current MAP [Measurement & Assessment] is an
advantage.
Computer literacy and PC basics taught in ICT course grade 8.

Learning Objectives:
By the end of this this week students will:
Recall and identify/locate valence electrons in the first 20 elements [using
atomic models];
State the role of valence electrons in chemical reactions;
Review electron dot diagrams of atoms and simple compounds;
Distinguish between the coefficients and subscripts in a molecular formula
Outline 4 evidences that show a chemical reaction had occurred;
Identify the reactants and products of chemical reactions;
State three everyday examples of chemical reactions.

Downloads, Links & Resources

Multimedia: YouTube selected links including Royal Institute; Veritasium;

Chemistry videos;
Activity sheets that I have developed for you to use online;
Recall & review Valence electrons
chrome-extension://gbkeegbaiigmenfmjfclcdgdpimamgkj/views/app.html
Electron dot diagrams
chrome-extension://gbkeegbaiigmenfmjfclcdgdpimamgkj/views/app.html
Online interactives at NSTA Sci Link & McGraw Hill;
Web link for electron dot diagrams
http://glencoe.mheducation.com/sites/0078785337/student_view0/unit5/chapter20/web_links.html
http:/glencoe.mheducation.com/sites/0078785337/student_view0/unit5/chapter20/web_links.html

Class textbook & workbook Physical Science by Glencoe McGraw Hill.

Learning Activities
Monday review valence electrons in the first 20 elements by highlighting
them in atomic structure models [Two examples are provide; two more will be
discussed as a whole group]
Electron dot diagrams
chrome-extension://gbkeegbaiigmenfmjfclcdgdpimamgkj/views/app.html
1 Use the Periodic Table online or in the inner back cover of your textbook for
reference
2 Draw the atomic structure of hydrogen; hydrogen has just one electron and
therefore its valence is 1
3. Repeat step 2 and add one more electron this element [identify it!] has two
valence electrons
4 Teacher reviews the octet rule first electrons shell holds a max of 2
electrons; the next two electron shells hold a max of 8 electrons each 2; 8; 8
In such a case where all electron dockets are filled, the atom is stable and had
no desire to bond with others. Note the names of three stable elements
they all belong to the same group of the Periodic Table. Identify this group in
the Periodic Table.
5 Refer to examples in the textbook and complete the valence electron models
and chart.

6 Submit your activity sheet in the LMS dropbox.

Tuesday Review electron dot diagrams remember these models only show
the valence electrons [we covered this yesterday]
1 Observe the electron diagrams on the online worksheet I have provided. Note
how the atoms pair up to form molecules
2 Atoms bond so that they can attain the stable state [Remember the octet
rule]
H and H each have 1 valence electron; they pair up to make H2 which is the
molecule hydrogen. Hydrogen gas exists as H2 Take note that the subscript
represents the number of atoms [bonded to each other] in the molecule
3 What does 2H2 represent? The coefficient is the big font number in front of
the atom or elements symbol
4 Complete the activity table and highlight the coefficients in yellow and the
subscripts in green. In the third column write a word statement that describes
the numbers and symbols be sure to include the word[s] molecule and atom
in your sentences.
5 Watch the linked video clip on chemical bonds by Ian Stuart and answer
questions in the companion video tour guide.
6 Submit your activity sheets via email.

Wednesday
Lab - Atomic and molecular models to show/demonstrate chemical bonding
This is a lab activity using diagrams and stick-and-ball models of atoms
1 Demonstration by teacher of bonding in H2, O2 and H2O
2 Refer to your electron dot diagrams and make the following molecular models
carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride; sodium chloride; magnesium chloride
and magnesium oxide
3 Check your peers models and give constructive feedback
4 Compare your models with online and textbook models
5 Predict the molecular structure or model of aluminum oxide and of ammonia
6 Note what you learned during this lab in your Google docs journal; include
labeled photos of your models.

Thursday

Chemical reactions how do we know when one has occurred?

1a Guided viewing watch, listen. Take notes and answer activity questions.
chrome-extension://gbkeegbaiigmenfmjfclcdgdpimamgkj/views/app.html
1b Watch Chemical curiosities by Prof Bishop - demonstrates the evidence of
chemical reactions in numerous reactions - change of color; change of state;
production of gas; energy changes
2 Pay close attention to the sodium acetate demonstration; see how tinsel is
made by a displacement reaction that deposits pure silver on the walls of the
container;
3 Observe the white phosphorus reaction - light emitted as evidence of
chemical reaction;
4 Make a small poster that illustrates the evidence for chemical reactions.
Save as a PDF or take a screenshot and upload in LMS dropbox.

Friday Pulling it all together

1 Each learner notes 2 everyday examples of chemical reactions
2 Discuss your examples
3 Identify the reactants and products in 5 reactions
4 Review the coefficient and subscripts in a molecular formula like 2CO2
5 Review 2 classmates photos of the models made on Wednesday.
6 Give peer-to-peer feedback of your Thursday posters.
7 Homework How do antacids work against excess stomach acid?

Learning Tasks for the week [summary]

Teacher-developed activity sheets/guided viewing of selected video clips
Group discussion everyday chemical reactions
Discussion forums online respond to at least 2 students, per discussion
Teacher observation and feedback for assigned learning activities
Demonstration by teacher ball and stick models of chemical reactions
Lab use ball and stick models to show simple molecular formulas
Virtual lab -

All learning activities this week are formative assessments that will lead up to
Q2 project [Projects make 40% of your term grade]. Next week you will take an
online quis on Chemical bonds and reaction.