Siemens Transformers

Power Transformers Nuremberg

HVDC Transformer Technology for
Voltages 800 kV
Recent Projects and Future Trends

Dr. Mario Schenk

Frank Trautmann
Transformer Factory Nuremberg, Germany

Copyright Siemens AG 2006.All

Siemens
rights reserved.
AG 2010
Energy Sector

Agenda

Introduction
System and Transformer Design 800 kV HVDC
Dielectric Stress and Insulation Design
Projects, Developments and Trends

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Introduction
China Project Overview

1. Hami C. China
800 kV, 6400 MW, 2018

13. Humeng Tianjiang

800 kV, 6400 MW, 2016

2. Xijaba Shanghai
800 kV, 6400 MW, 2011

14. Hulunbeir Shenyang

3000 MW, 2009

3. Xiluodu Hanzhou
800 kV, 6400 MW, 2015

15. BtB NE-North (Gaoling)

1500 MW, 2007

Jilin

4. Xiluodu Hunan
800 kV, 6300 MW, 2013

Liaoning

5. Jinsha River II East China

800 kV, 6400 MW, 2016

16. Humeng Jinan

(Shandong)
800 kV, 6300 MW, 2015

Heilongjiang

12

23
14

13

16

Xinjiang
Beijing

Inrfar Mongolia
Gansu

Shandong

Shanxi

22

Henan

Jiangsu

Shaanxi

Anhuj

Shanghai

2
Hubai

Sichuan &
Chongqing

Xizang

Jiangxi
Hunan

Guizhou

Yunnan

8
11

7. Jinsha River II East China

800 kV, 6400 MW, 2019

18

19

Qinghai

16

Hebei

17
Ningxia

6. Jingping East China

800 kV, 7200 MW, 2012

Tianjin

21

15

Zheijang

Fujian
Taiwan
Guangdong

Guangxi

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25.10.2010

11. Yunnan Guangdong

800 kV, 5000 MW, 2009
12. Humeng Liaoning
800 kV, 6400 MW, 2018

10
Bangkok

9. Nuozhadu Guangdong
800 kV, 5000 MW, 2015
10. Jinghong Thailand
3000 MW, 2013

20

8. Jinsha River II Fujian

800 kV, 6400 MW, 2018

Hainan

Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

17. North Shaanxi Shandong

3000 MW, 2011
18. BtB Shandong East
1200 MW, 2011
19. BtB North Central
1000 MW, 2012
20. Goupitan Guangdong
3000 MW, 2016
21. Ningxia Tianjing
3000 MW, 2010
22. NW Sichuan
3000 MW, 2010
23. Irkutsk (Russia) Beijing
800 kV, 6400 MW, 2015

Introduction
HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) Transmission is more efficient for Long
Distances (>600km) or Cable Links (>50km) than HVAC (HV Alternating Current)

AC

HVDC is efficient for:

- Overhead lines
(>1000MW, >600km)
- Cable Links (about 50km,
for >80km or different frequencies
the only technical solution)

DC
AC line cost

[$]

HVDC line cost

cost benefit
AC transmission
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cost benefit
DC transmission

[miles]

Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Advantages of HVDC:
- Low Line Cost, but Converter Cost
- No capacitive charging currents less losses and CO2 emissions
- Firewall function for grids
- Load flow regulation (HVDC Plus)
- Connection for different frequencies
- High Transmission Power density
(usage of less land or space)
- Offshore connections for
wind parks
or oil rigs (substitution of CO2
emissions from diesel generators)

Introduction
HVDC at 800 kV for economical, long-distance electricity transfer

= HVDC 800 kV

Very high power capacity (5,000 MW

and higher) of a single system
25% lower transmission cost
compared to 500 kV HVDC
Smaller footprint and lower overhead
transmission line costs as only one
bipole is needed

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Introduction
800 kV DC Overhead Line Towers

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Introduction
Clear economical advantage of an 800 kV HVDC solution

Total transmission cost

(5,000 MW over 1,400 km; 30 year lifetime)
100 %
83 %
64 %
Losses
Line costs
Station costs

AC
765 kV

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25.10.2010

DC
500 kV

DC
800 kV

Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

System Design
Comparison of schematics of 500 kV and 800 kV HVDC systems

500kV HVDC
single phase
3 winding
transformers

or

single phase
2 winding
transformers

800 kV
single phase
2 winding
transformer

+250 kV
+500 kV
+250 kV

-500 kV
-250 kV

25.10.2010

+200 kV
+200 kV
+800 kV
+200 kV
+200 kV

-250 kV

Page 8

800kV HVDC

Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

-200 kV
-200 kV

System Design
Insulation Coordination - Insulation Levels
BIL / SIL: 1800 kV / 1600 kV

BIL / SIL: 1900 kV / 1600 kV

BIL / SIL: 1175 kV / 950 kV

BIL / SIL: 1550 kV / 1300 kV
BIL / SIL: 1300 kV / 1050 kV

BIL / SIL: 450 kV / 325 kV

BIL / SIL: 950 kV / 750 kV

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Receiving Station
Yunnan - Guangdong
- 800 k

- 400

+ 400

+ 80

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

0 kV

DC

k V DC

kV D

V DC

Transformer Design

1.3
Lower Yoke

Insulating system
is to design both
for AC and DC
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25.10.2010

1.1

2.1

Valve
Winding

2.2

Tap

HV
Winding

1.1

Valve
Winding

Core

2.1

HV
Winding

Upper Yoke

Tap

Upper Yoke

Core

Valve Winding outside

Return limb / window

Valve Winding inside

1.3

2.2

Return limb / window

Typical Winding Arrangements

Lower Yoke

Insulating system
is to design only
for AC

Insulating system
is to design only
for AC

Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Insulating system
is to design both
for AC and DC

Dielectric Stress and Insulation Design

Dielectric Tests (Test Voltages) for AC Transformers

AC Voltage

Switching Impulse
0

1.0
Spannung
voltage U(t)/

Spannung
voltage U(t)/0

1.0
0.5
0
-0.5
-1.0
0

10

20

Zeit t
time

30

ms

0.2
0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0 2.5
Zeit t
time

3.0

ms

4.0

1.0
Spannung
voltage U(t)/0

Spannung
voltage U(t)/

0.4

Lightning Impulse (Chopped Wave)

1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2

Page 12

0.6

0
0

50

Lightning Impulse (Full Wave)

0
0

0.8

10

20

30

25.10.2010

40 50
Zeit t
time

60

80

0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0

Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

4
Zeit t
time

Dielectric Stress and Insulation Design

Special Dielectric Tests for Valve Windings

Long Time AC / DC Voltage Test

Applied AC voltage duration 1 h,

PD-measurement

voltage U(t)/

Applied DC voltage duration 2 h,

positive polarity,
PD-measurement

1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0

30

60
time t

min

120

Polarity Reversal (PR) Test according to the IEC standard

1.0
0.5

voltage U(t)/

Usual cycle:
90min(-) PR 90min(+) PR 45 min(-)
Applied DC voltage duration 90 min,
negative polarity
First PR within 1min2min
90 min positive polarity
Second PR within 1min..2min
45 min negative polarity

0
-0.5
-1.0

PD-measurement
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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

40

90

135
time t

min

225

Dielectric Stress and Insulation Design

Equipotential Lines for AC and DC electric field

Equipotential Lines for an AC Field

Equipotential Lines for a DC Field

Dominant for the field distribution:

Electrostatic displacement field

Dominant for the field distribution:

Stationary Flow Field

D 0 r E

J E

Permittivity
pressboard / oil r ratio = 2

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Conductivity
pressboard / oil ratio > 50

Dielectric Stress and Insulation Design

Parameter which influence the Oil Conductivity

10-16

10 -1 2
1 0 -12

10

-1 3

10

-13

Pressboard

10-18

O il

-1
Conductivity
Leitfhigkeit
[S m[S
] m-1]

1 0 -11

-1

-1

Conductivity
Leitfhigkeit
[S m[S]m ]

10 -1 1

Pressboard
RIP
RIP

10-13

P res sb o ard , H
P re s sb o a rd , H

-15

10

10-10

10 -1 4
1 0 -14

10 -1 5

P res sb o ard , T

1 0 -15

P re s s b o a rd , T

10-12

Oil
l

Porzellan

10-7
1
1

10

1 00

Field
S tre n1gth
10
00
F el ds t r ke

1 00 0

[k1V
/m m ]
00 0

20
10-9

40

20

40

[k V / m m ]

Quelle: DC Flashover voltage characeteristics...,

A. Kurita et.al, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,
Vol. PWRD-1,No.3, July

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Porcelain
60

80

100

120

60
80
Temperature
[C]100

120

Temperatur [C]

Dielectric Stress and Insulation Design

Polarity Reversal (PR)
Change of the Field Strength during and after PR

Applied Voltage

Equipotential Lines

Electrical Field Distribution

E mag in
kV/mm
max

1.00

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Projects, Developments and Trends

Long time DC or DC polarity reversal test with PD measurement Test setup
800kV HVDC Transformer

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Projects, Developments and Trends

Active Part and Leads Assembly 800kV HVDC Transformer

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Projects, Developments and Trends

Barrier System for the 800 kV Bushing of the Valve-Winding

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Projects, Developments and Trends

The Worlds first 800 kV UHV DC in China Southern Power Grid

Commercial Operation:
2009 Pole 1
1,418 km

5,000 MW

2010 Pole 2

+/- 800 kV DC

Yunnan-Guangdong
Quelle: Prof, Retzmann

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Projects, Developments and Trends

Sending Station Chuxiong

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Projects, Developments and Trends

Converter Transformer at Suidong

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Projects, Developments and Trends

UHV DC Transformers arriving

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Projects, Developments and Trends

UHV DC Transformers arriving

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Projects, Developments and Trends

UHV DC logistics a crucial task

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Projects, Developments and Trends

Yunnan-Guangdong UHV DC Valve Halls

800 kV DC

800 kV DC
2 x 400 kV DC

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Projects, Developments and Trends

Yunnan-Guangdong UHV DC Valve Hall

800 kV DC

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Yunnan-Guangdong UHV DC Converter

400 kV DC
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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Yunnan-Guangdong UHV DC Converter

Inauguration first pole on 28.12.2009

Page 29
29

02-2010
25.10.2010

800 kV DC

Dr. MarioESchenk,
T PS SL/Re
Frank Trautmann

Power Transmission Division

Yunnan-Guangdong
UHV DC Converter

800 kV DC
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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Projects, Developments and Trends

Worlds biggest and longest 800 kV UHV DC Transmission Project
State Grid Corporation of China

Xiangjiaba-Shanghai
Shanghai
Leshan

Sichuan Power Grid

Chongqing

Xiangjiaba
Xiluodu left
Xiluodu right

Nanhui

Wuhan

Xiangjiaba
Xiluodu-Zh
uzhou
Xiluodu
left
Xiluodu rightXiluodu-Zhe
xi

Zhexi

Changsha
970km

Zhuzhou

km
1728

2,071 Km

6,400 MW
+/- 800 kV DC
Guangdong
Quelle: Prof, Retzmann, Siemens

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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Projects, Developments and Trends

HVDC Transformers

3000 MW, 500KV

TSQ-GBJ

5000 MW, 800kV

Yunnan-Guangdong
250 MVA

2000

2008

in operation

in operation

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25.10.2010

6400 MW, 800kV

Xiangjiaba-Shanghai
321,1 MVA
2009

in operation

Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

7200 MW, 800kV

Study
360 MVA
2010

Study

Projects, Developments and Trends

Jinping 800 kV UHV DC Transmission Project

Sunan
Leshan
Chongqing
To Sichuan Power Grid
Jinping Plant I
Jinping Plant I I
Guandi
Linping
Xichang

Wuhan

Changsha

2,237 km

* 6.4 GW
initially
* 7,200 MW
+/- 800 kV DC
Planned for 2013
Guangdong

For Comparison: Germany

Source: Brazil-India-China Summit Meeting on HVDC & Hybrid Systems
Planning and Engineering Issues, July 2006, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

840 km

Shanghai

Projects, Developments and Trends

HVDC Transformers Technical Data

1. 800 kV
Yunnan
Guangdong

2. 800 kV
Xiangjiaba
Shanghai

3. 800 kV
Study

1. 1100 kV
Study

5000 MW
250 MVA
li0
525 kV/3
168.85 kV/3

6400 MW
321 MVA
li0
530 kV/3
170.3 kV/3

7200 MW
360 MVA
li0
530 kV/3
170.3 kV/3

Rated Power
System
Transformer

Vectorgroup
Ratio
Weights
Total
Oil

Insulationlevel
Line (HV)
Valve (LV)
AC (60min)
LI
SI Potential
DC (2h)
PR -/+/(90/90/45)min
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25.10.2010

512 t
142 t
909 kV
912
1254 kV
969 kV

551.8 t
148.8 t
912 kV
912 kV
LI 1550 kV SI 1175 kV AC 680 kV
912
1800 kV
1600 kV
1258 kV
970 kV

Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

912
1258 kV
970 kV

Transforming know-how
into solutions.
Siemens Transformers.

Thank you for

your attention !
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25.10.2010

Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Information about the Presenter

Mario Schenk
Director Engineering and R&D, Power Transformers Nuremberg
1991
till 1997
1997-2002
2002
11/2002-10/2007
2004-2006
since 11/2007

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25.10.2010

Electrician
Electrical Engineering (HV and High Current)
(Dipl.-Ing. TU Dresden and Virginia Tech)
Doctorate, Scientific Assistant (Dr.-Ing. TU Dresden)
Thermal Design of High Voltage Equipment
ABB Switzerland AG
R&D, Design of Generator Circuit Breakers
SGB Regensburg (SGB/SMIT Group)
Director R&D, Director Engineering
Executive MBA
(Northwestern University Chicago, WHU Koblenz)
Siemens AG, Power Transformers Nuremberg
Director Engineering and R&D
responsible for R&D, Electrical Design
Mechanical Design and Production Technology

Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann