Tpicos: Diagrama Fe - C

Fases presentes

Ao/ Ferro fundido

Tabela - Efeito dos tratamentos trmicos na

tenacidade e ductilidade de um ao ABNT 1095
Tabela
Tratamento
trmico

Dureza HRC

Temperado em
gua e revenido
Temperado em
gua e revenido
Martemperado e
revenido
Martemperado e
revenido
Austemperado
Austemperado

53.0

Energia absorvida Alongamento em

em ensaios de
%
impacto
12
0

52.5

14

53.0

28

52.8

24

52.0
52.5

45
40

11
8

BAINITA
MARTENSITA
MATENSITA REVENIDA

FERRITA
PERLITA
BAINITA
MARTENSITA
MARTENSITA REVENIDA

TIPOS DE GRAFITA
A
B
C
D
E

Algumas caracteristicas importantes de materias

M
at
eri
al

D
e
n
s.

T
e
m
p

Dure
za
Viker
s

Calor ou
entalpia de
formao
(Kj mol -1)

Modul
o de
eslastic
idade

Modulo
de
ruptura
MPa

Condutiv
idade
trmica

Resistiv
idade
eletrica
( 10 -8

Field

Resp. Dept./Sign

Page

Sintering

GHB2/EF

1/3

Process

Date

C-GRADES STANDARD
DELIVERY INSPECTION SPECIFICATION PHYSICAL PROPERTIES.

2003-07-01

Rev.

Replaces

2002-10-21

472, 502, 510, 511, 551 och 570 new grades.

Grade

141
245
350
428
443
465
466
468
471
472
474
476
477
478
479
491
501
502*
504
505
506
510*
511*
512
514
522
531
533
535
544
551*
552
553
554
555
557
558
561
563*
564
565

Density (3)
[g/cm3]

13.70-14.50
14.40-14.55
14.29-14.53
14.69-14.79
14.47-14.63
14.40-14.55
14.35-14.45
13.87-14.03
14.80-15.00
14,96-15,06
14.77-14.93
14.88-15.04
14.88-15.04
15.10-15.19
14.88-15.04
14.95-15.16
6.52-6.65
6,46-6,58
6.80-7.00
6.90-7.10
7.24-7.40
6,58-6,72
6,66-6,78
10.22-10.38
10.29-10.37
11.60-11.79
11.29-11.45
11.70-11.86
12.79-12.95
11.35-11.51
13.94-14.06
13.85-14.05
13.82-13.98
13.78-13.88
13.59-13.69
13.81-13.97
13.65-13.77
13.04-13.20
14.69-14.79
14.00-14.14
13.78-13.94

Hc (5)
[kA/m] (20)
Delivery
Control
limits
limits
8.5-13.5
18.4-22.5 18.8/22.3
8.5-10.9
8.7/10.7
8.0-9.6
8.2/9.5
5.9-7.3
6.1-7.1
18.4-22.5 18.8/22.3
13.9-16.0 14.0/15.7
14.7-18.3 14.9/18.2
19.5-24.5 19.9/24.1
21,8-24,4 22,1/24,1
13.1-15.5 13.3/15.3
16.4-22.2 17.2/22.1
15.5-19.0 15.8/18.7
16.9-19.5 17.2/19.2
16.5-19.5 16.8/19.2
21.3-25.5 21.5/25.4
13,9-16,3 14,9/16,3
14,7-16,7 15,0/16,4
15,0-17,0 15,3/16,7
8.4-11.6
8.7/11.4
11.5-14.2 11.6/14.0
7.2-9.6
7.3/9.5
13.8-16.4 14.0/16.2
13.6-16.0 13.8/15.9
12.8-15.2 13.1/15.1
8.0-10.8
8.1/10.6
14.3-16.0 14.4/15.8
13.0-14.7 13.1/14.5
10.4-13.5 10.6/13.3
10.4-13.5 10.6/13.3
11.6-13.2 11.7/12.9
10.3-12.7 10.4/12.6
10.6-12.0 10.7/11.8
9.9-13.1 10.3/13.0
13.8-15.7 14.0/15.4
12.9-14.4 13.0/14.3
11.1-13.5 11.4/13.4

HV3 (3)

1550-1650
1210-1330
1255-1385
1550-1650
1420-1540
1350-1450
1665-1835
1725-1825
1450-1600
1625-1725
1530-1630
1640-1780
1760-1940
1600-1780
1700-1900
1560-1710
1500-1650
1450-1600
1550-1750
1450-1650
1500-1650
1575-1725
1475-1625
1525-1675
1485-1635
1425-1575
1430-1570
1530-1630
1480-1580
1530-1630
1320-1460
1315-1455

Target
8.5
10.5
7.5
9.1
8.5
9.5
12.8
5.7
4,4
5.8
5.4
5.4
2.8
5.3
3.5
5.0
4,6
6.0
5.5
4.5
7,8
11,8
8.9
8.0
8.0
8.7
9.1
8.5
9.1
4.2
4.6
5.5
5.5
6.5
5.3
6.5
9.5
6.8
6.6
8.8

Com (5)
[%] (20)
Delivery Control
limits
limits
8.0-10.2
7.9-9.0
8.0/8.9
9.8-11.0 10.0/10.9
6.9-7.9
7.1/7.8
8.5-9.5
8.7-9.5
7.9-9.0
8.0/8.9
9.1-9.9
9.2/9.8
11.9-13.5 12.0/13.4
5.1-6.0
5.3/6.0
4,0-4,7
4,1-4,6
5.1-6.0
5.2/6.0
4.9-5.8
5.0/5.7
4.9-5.8
5.0/5.7
2.3-3.2
2.4/3.1
4.9-5.7
5.0/5.6
3.1-3.7
3.2/3.6
3.5-6.5
3.8/6.3
3,9-5,3
4,1/5,1
4.9-7.5
5.2/7.2
3.4-7.5
3.7/7.2
2.5-7.0
2.8/6.5
7,1-8,5
7,3/8,3
11,1-12,5 11,3/12,3
8.2-9.5
8.4/9.4
6.9-9.0
7.1/8.9
7.3-8.2
7.5/8.1
7.9-9.5
8.1/9.4
8.4-9.5
8.5/9.4
7.9-9.2
8.0/9.1
8.4-9.5
8.6/9.4
4.0-4.5
4.0/4.5
4.3-4.9
4.4/4.8
5.1-5.7
5.2/5.6
5.2-5.7
5.3/5.6
6.3-6.7
6.3/6.7
4.9-5.7
5.0/5.6
6.2-6.6
6.2/6.6
8.8-10.2 9.0/10.1
6.5-7.2
6.6/7.1
6.2-7.1
6.3/7.0
8.0-9.3
8.2/9.2

Porosity max
(1)

A
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A04
A02
A06
A08
A08
A04
A08
A04
A08
A08
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A04
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02
A02

B
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B04
B02
B02
B02
B04
B04
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02
B02

Note
C
C00
C02
C00
C02
C00
C00
C00
C02
C00
C02
C00
C00
C00
C00
C02
C00
C00
C02
C00
C00
C00
C00
C02
C00
C02
C02
C00
C02
C02
C02
C00
C02
C08
C02
C08
C00
C00
C00
C00

23

25

19

4,9,11
4
4,11,15
4,9,11

28
28
21
7
8,10,14
13,16,18

22

A Typical CVD Coating, grade

3015
TiN
Al2O3
MT-TiCN

CTMC0032

Effect of Coatings

CTMC0008

Utilizandoa figura anterior, definir atraves das

curvas tenso x de formao encruamento
limite de escoamento, e a relao destas
grandezas com a dureza do material.

Why Not Always Thick

Coatings?

CTMC0036

Coating thickness

Thermal Cracks in CVD

Coatings
Substrate
Coating
During Deposition

During Cooling

After cooling

Some Grades with CVD

coatings

CTMC0009
CTMC0008

Turning

Milling

Cast Iron
3005
3015
3025
K05A
Stainless steel
2015
2025
2135
Steel
4015
4025

Cast Iron
3020
3040
Steel
4020
4030
4040
Stainless Steel
2030
2040

Wear properties of Coating

Wear properties of different Materials
coating materials
1. Abrasion wear
2. Fatigue wear
3. Diffusion and chemical wear
4. Plastic deformation
5. Chipping/fracture

Method
PVD
PVD
PVD
PVD
PVD
PVD

Material
TiN
TiCN
Ti0.5Al0.5N
Ti0.33Al0.67N
(TiN/TiAlN)x
AlCrN

1
0
++
+
++
+
+

2
+
0
0
+
+
+

3
0
0
+
0
+
0

4
0
0
0
+
++

5
++
0
+
+
+
+

CVD
CVD
CVD
CVD

Al2O3
TiN
MT-TiCN
ZrO2

0
++
--

0
0
0
-

+++
+
0
+++

++
0
0
+++

+
0
-

Principle of CVD
CVD Involves the formation of a solid material on a heated
substrate surface through the reaction between molecules
on or in the vicinity of the surface.

Reactive molecules
B-Y
B-Y

A-X
B-Y

A-X B-Y

ABABABABABABAB
B-Y ABABABABABABAB
B-Y
ABABABABABABBAB

Heated Substrate
CTMC0012

X-Y

X-Y
X-Y

A-X A-X

A-X

Exhaust

X-Y

X-Y

X-Y

Tipo A

Tipo D

Tipo B

Tipo E

Tipo C

ASTM AFS 100X