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NAMES: JOHANA FAREZ, EDWIN CABRERA, JUAN CARVAJAL, CRISTIAN MUOZ

DATE:13/06/2016
CURSE: K3
THE HISTORY OF THE VIDEO GAMES
The history of video games has your origins around of 1940 when, after the end of World
War II The first attempts to implement programs playful character (initially chess programs)
soon appeared, and were repeated during the following decades.1 the first modern games
appeared in the 60s, and since then the world of video games has not ceased to grow and
develop with the only limit which it has imposed the creativity of the developers and the
evolution of technology

The beginning of the videogames

We cant accurately indicate the beginning of the game due to the multiple definitions of
this term, but we can consider as first video game called OXO, developed by Alexander
Douglas in 1952. This game was a computerized version of tic tac toe. In 1958 William
Higginbotham created the FOT TWO TENNIS game, a simulator of tennis being the first to
face two people, for development William use a program to calculate trajectories and an
oscilloscope. Four years later Steve Russell developed a computer game called Spacewar using
vector graphics in which two players controlled the direction and speed of spaceships fighting
between them. Ralph Baer in 1966 with Albert Maricon and Ted Dabney, began with the
development of Fox and Hounds project kicking off home consoles. The rise of video games
was in 1972 with the arrival of the Pong arcade machine that is considered the commercial
version of Tennis fot two. The system was designed by AI Alcom for Nolan Bushnell in the
newly created Atari. Also in the same year came the Magnavox Odyssey home console
considered the evolution of Fox and Hounds, this system was connected to the TV and had
several pre-recorded games. During the following years numerous technical advances were
implanted in the game using technology of the moment as microprocessors and memory chips.
Among the most outstanding games this time are: Pong, Space Invaders and Asteroids

Video games of 80s

The 80s was characterized by the great crisis that hit the world of video games at the
beginning of it.Nintendo began selling its first Game & Watch and create the Donkey Kong,
which was a great success.They reached new consoles on the market as the Mattel Intellivision,
Colecovision, the redesign of the Atari 2600 and 5200, the Mattel Intellivision II or computers
like the Commodore 64, MSX and ZX Spectrum.Also came the Famicom in Japan, which later

became the best sold, and appeared games like Mario or Bomberman.The crisis came when the
market was saturated with thousands of games due to the dozens of consoles. In 1985 the
industry begins to recover. Nintendo launches the Super Mario Bros which created a before and
after in the world of video games and appeared Tetris. The industry continued to recover and
appear big games like Metroid, Arkanoid, Maniac Mansion, Mega Man, Metal Gear, etc. In
1989 the Game Boy appeared. It was the most famous notebook of all times.

The decade of the 90's

Fourth Generation
In the Final of the 80s began the Fourth generation of video games, this generation is referred
as the era of 16-bit, it has allowed do games with higher resolution.
Characteristics

more powerful microprocessor (16 bits)


Controls with multiple buttons (up to 8 buttons)
Complex parallax (parallax) and multi-layered environments with displacement
Large drawings, scalable
Use color drawn generally from 64 to 256 colors on the screen
Audio stereo, multi-channel and digital audio playback.
Advanced synthetic music (FM or "wavetable")

Another great feature of this decade was the use of CD-ROM games. The first console to
use 16-bit graphics was the PC Engine of NEC, but it was no match for consoles of SEGA and
Nintendo. SEGA launched the console Mega Drive trying to conquer the gaming market, in this
decade SEGA created his most famous character, Sonic. On October 21, 1991 Nintendo
launched the Super Nintendo generating the war for the 16 bits, in the end won SEGA because it
has many games.

Fifth Generation-3D Revolution


This started from the 2D and half of Doom, 3D of 4D Boxing. Graphics acquired a
higher resolution, however this do that games occupy more space, for this reason the cartridges,
but for the use of CD-ROM the games didnt need to reduce the graphic quality of games. Take
advantage for the success of SEGA, it decided to create a new console to compete with the new
console that Nintendo was building, Sony entered to the video game market with the
PlayStation, before it Sega launched the Sega Saturn to avoid losing market, one of your feature
was the use of CD -ROM. Nintendo later released the Nintendo 64 console, but, for the
problem of cartridges, Nintendo developed a peripheral (Nintendo 32DD) which would solve

the problem of the cartridges, but in that time Sony won the War of the 32 bits because it was
the first to appear . In this revolution SEGA lost to Nintendo and Sony, after that many
companies began to work in three-dimensional video games, especially for PC.

New generation

And finally we come to the modern generation, with HD console, hard drive, cloud storage
and awesome graphics. Everything starts 2000 with the PlayStation 2, the console more sold in
the history. One year later the Nintendo's new console appears, the Game Cube and after that the
Xbox appear. Those consoles were very good, but they never had the popularity of the
PlayStation 2. In 2004 was released the Nintendo DS, and after that appeared the Sony PSP, a
similar portable console. In 2005 Microsoft launched the Xbox 360, an improved model of the
Xbox designed to compete with the PlayStation 2, but few time later Sony launched the Play
Station 3 but it did not have much success. The Nintendos Revolution was in April 2006 when
Nintendo Wii was presented. However, in the war between consoles, the graphic quality and
definition of the games was evolved from have graphics of 480p to have consoles that can play
graphics of 1080p. On the other hand, the rapid developed of mobile telephony, with powerful
devices that can reproduced complexity games, has made than developers and gaming
companies choose the virtual reality like an option for the next generation in consoles.One
reason for that decision is the launch of the Oculus rift, that is one of the best instrument for
play video games in virtual reality, but isnt de unique.
In summary, the video games were derived from great inventions or technological, as these
are a medium of entertainment. The creators of these games receive large revenues from these
consoles or games, video games today are one of the ways that give more income in everyday
life. However, far from having reached his creative maturity, the video games are still a new art
form that seems to be paying still your first steps, 50 years after its appearance.

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