NMTC Paper_Class IX And X_2014 (Stage 2)

JUNIOR_2014
1.

(a) p1, p2, ..............................p2014 be an arbitrary rearrangements of 1,2,3 .........n . Show that

1
1
1
2013
+
+....................+
p1 p2 p2 p3
p2013 p2014 > 2016
(a) We have t ofind the minimum value of
1
1
1
+ P P +......+ P
P1 P2

P2014
2
3
2013

We have to make all term equal and denominator should be max

so above exp in greater than
1
1
1
1
+
+
+......+
1 2014
2 2013
3 2012
2 2013

1
1
1
1
+
+
+.....+
2015
2015 2015
2015

2013
2013
2013
and
>
2015
2015
2016

1
1
1
2013
P P + P P +......+ P
>

P
2016
1
2
2
3
2013
2014

1.

(b) Find positive integers 'n' such that

n 1 +

Sol.

Show that there is no positive integer n for which

n 1 is rational.
n1 +

If possible, let there be a positive integer n for which

n 1 is rational
a
n 1 is rational equal to b (say),

n1 +

where a, b are positive integers. Then,

a
=
b

n1 +
a
=
b

..(1)

n1

1
n 1 n 1

n 1 n 1
b
n 1 n 1
=
=
=
a
(n 1) (n 1)
{ n 1 n 1}{ n 1 n 1}

n 1 n 1
2

2b
= n 1 n 1
a
Adding (1) and (2) and subtracting (2) from (1), we get

..(2)

a 2b
a
2b
2 n1 =
+
and 2 n 1 =

b
a
b
a

a 2 2b 2
and
2ab

n1 =

n 1 and

n1 =

n 1 are rational

a 2 2b 2
2ab

(a,b are integers

a 2 2b 2
a 2 2b 2
and
are rational )
2ab
2ab

(n + 1 are rational )
(n + 1) and (n 1) are perfect squares if poisitive integers
This is not possible as any two perfect square differe at least by 3.
Hence, there is no positive integer n for which ( n 1 +

n 1 ) is rational.

2.

ABCD is a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle of centre O. Let BD bisect OC perpendicularly. P is a

point on the diagonal AC such that PC = OC. BP cuuts AD at E and the circle ABCD at F. Prove that
PF is the geometric mean of EF and BF.

Sol.
Since PC OC BC and CP is similar to AFP . We have PF = AF.
Next CB = CD = CP implies P is the incenter of ABD . Then BF bisects
ABD yielding FAD = ADF call it . Alternatively we have FAD = PBD = FAD PBD

PCD . Then

AFD 180 ACD

180 PCD

180 2 PBD
180 2
Hence, ADF , Also we see AFE = BFA and EAF ADF ABF which implev AFE is similar
to BFA . So AF / EF BF / AF . Then

PF AF EF BF
3.

(a) The Fibonacci sequence is defined by F0 = 1, F1 = 1, Fn = Fn1 + Fn2 for natural numbers n

2.

Show that 7 Fn3 2 Fn3 Fn31 is divisible by Fn+3

3

3
n

Sol.

(a)

7F n+2 F F n+1
7 (Fn+3 Fn+1)3 Fn3 F3n+1
7 (F3n+3 F3n+1 3Fn+3Fn+1 (Fn+3 Fn+1) F3n F3n+1
F3n+3 and 3Fn+3Fn+1(Fn+3Fn+1) are
divisible by Fn+3 so we have
the check only
7 F3n+1 F3n F3n+1
8 F3n+1 F3n
[(2Fn+1)3 + F3n]
It have factor
(2Fn+1 + Fn)
= Fn+1 + Fn+1 + Fn
= Fn+1 + Fn+2
= Fn+3
so whole expression is divisible by Fn+3.

3.

x4
y4
z2
(b) If x, y, z are each greater than 1, Show that
+
+
48.
( y 1) 2 ( z 1) 2 ( x 1) 2

Sol.

some correction z2 should replaced by z4

4.

ABCD is a square E anf F are points on BC and CD respectively such that AE cuts the diagonal BD at
G and FG is perpendicular to AE. K is a point on FG such that AK = EF. Find the measure of the
angle EKF.
A

45
45

G
1
2

Sol..

45

6
F

4
C

By SAS
ABG CBG
AG = CG (CPCT)
4 = a
1 = 45 + a
(text of AGB)
1 + 2 = 90
2 = 90 (45 + a)
= 45 a
GFC = 2 + 45
= 90 a
5 = 90 4
= 90 a
In FAC
5 = 6 = 90 a
FG = GC
By SAS
AGK FGE
GK = GE
7 = 8 = 45
EKF = 180 45 = 135
5. (a)
Sol.

5.(b)

If none of a, b, c, x, y, z, is zero and

x 2 (y z)
3

a
prove that a3 + b3 + c3 + abc = 0
Given equation may be written as,
x2 (y + z) = a3
..(1)
y2 (z + x) = b 3
..(2)
z2 (x + y) = c3
..(3)
xyz = abc
From (1), (2), (3),
x2y2z2(y + z)(z + x) (x + y) = a3b3c3
a2b2c2(y + z) (z + x)(x + y) = a3b3c3
or
abc = (y + z) (z + x) (x + y)
= (yz + yx + z2 + zx) (x + y)
= xyz + x2y + xz2 + x2z + y2z + y2x + yz2 + xyz
= 2xyz + x2(y + z) + y2(z + x) + z2(x + y)
= 2abc + a3 + b3 + c3
Hence a3 + b3 + c3 + abc = 0

Solve the equations

x
z
y z
y
x
+ + =
+ y+
=x+y+z=3
y
z x
x
z

Sol.

x
z
y z
y
x
+ + =
+ +
=x+y+z=3
y
y
z x
x
z
x
z
y z
y
x
Now y + + =
+ y+
z x
x
z
or x2z + y2x + z2y = y2z + z2x + x2y
or x2(y z) + y2(z x) + z2(x y) = 0
or (x y) (y z) (z x) = 0
x=y=z
x
y
z
+
+
=3
y
z
x
Putting y = z, we get,

Now

x
y
+1+
=3
y
x

y 2 (z x )
b

z 2 (x y)
c

xyz
=1 ,
abc

or

x2 y2
=2
yx

or x2 2xy + y2 = 0
Again x + y + z = 3
x+x+x=3
thus x = y = z = 1
7.

Sol.

and

or (x y)2 = 0

A mechant bought a quantity of cotton : this he exchanged for oil he sold. He observed that the
number of kg of cotton, the number of litres of oil obtained for each kg and the number of rupees for
which he sold formed a decreasing geometric progression. He calculated that if he had obtained 1 kg
more of cotton, one litre more of oil for each kg and Rs. 1 more each litre, he would have obtained Rs.
10169 more, whereas if he had obtained one kg less of cotton and one litre less of oil for each kg and
Rs. 1 less for each litre, he would obtained Rs. 9673 less. How much he actually received..?
let the merchant bought x kg of cotton and changed each kg for y litres of oil, and sold each llitre for z
rs, then he obtained xyz rupees
in the first case ATQ, we have
(x + 1)(y + 1)(z + 1) = xyz + 10169
....................(1)
and by the 2nd case ATQ, we have
(x + 1)(y 1)(z 1) = xyz 9673
......................(2)
also x, y, z form a G.P so y2 = xz
now from eq (1) and (2) we have
(yz + xy + zx) + (x + y + z) = 10168
.................(3)
(yz + xy + zx) (x + y + z) = 9672
.................(4)
on adding and subtracting equation no. (3) and (4)
yz + xy + zx = 9920
x+y+z
= 248
now
yz + xy + zx = 9920
yz + xy + y2 = 9920
(y2 = xz)
y(z + x + y) = 9920

9920
= 40 zx = 1600
248
z + x = 248 40 = 208 x = 200 , z = 8
y=

thus he actually received = xyz = Rs. 64000

8.

There are three towns A, B and C a personwalking from A to B , driving from B to C and riding from C to
A makes the journey in 15

1
hours, By driving from A to B, riding from B to C and walking from C to
2

A, he could make the journey in 12 hours. On foot he could make the journey in 22 hours, on horse
back in 8
Sol.

1
hours and driving in 11 hours . To walk 1 KM, ride 1 KM and drive 1 KM , he takes
4

altogether half an hour, Find the rates at which he travels and the distance between the towns.
let total distance be x km and sspeed of walking, riding & driving be w, r d respectively..
ATQ.

22w =

2w =

and

33
r = 11d = x
4

3
r =d
4

1 1 1 1
33 22 11 1
33 88 44 1
165 1
165

x=
km
r w d 2
4x x
x 2
4x
2
4x 2
2

So w =

x
165
15
4x
x
15
=
=
,r=
= 10 and d =
=
22 2 22
4
33
11
2