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Source of Wind
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Role of
Wind in
the
Voyage
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Atmospheric Pressure
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Instrument
Mercury Barometer
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Temperature
Humidity
Altitude
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Pressure
Altitude
Ooty
Ponnmudi
Munnar
Paithalmala
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Brahmagiri
&-3 :-7-32 :-()3 &03+
Pressure
Temperature
H
Air Expands
When Heated
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Pressure
Humidity
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Pressure
Humidity
Pressure
Temperature
Pressure
Altitude
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Relation with
Pressure
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Higher
Lower
&-3 :-7-32 :-()3 &03+
Than
Surroundings
Imaginary Lines
Connecting Places
Having Equal
Atmospheric
Temperature
Isotherms
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Imaginary Lines
Connecting Places
Having Equal
Atmospheric
Pressure
Isobars
Activity 2
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50 N&S Latitudes
Low Pressure
Suns Rays Fall
Vertically through
out Year
High Temperature
Feeble Winds
Doldrums Zone
with No Winds
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Polar High
Pressure Belt
900 N&S Latitudes
High Pressure
Severe Cold
throughout the
Year
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Features
L. Extent
Pressure
Features
Equatorial
50 N&S
Low
Sub
Tropical
Sub Polar
300 N&S
High
600 N&S
Low
Cold air is
thrown up
Polar
900 N&S
High
Severe Cold
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High
Temperature
Air Cools due
to Rotation
Rotation
of Earth
The
Pressure
Belts Move
According
to the
Apparent
Movement
of the Sun
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Characteristics
Names based on Direction
Ocean Winds More Moisture
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Pressure Gradient
Force (Speed)
Coriolis Effect
(Direction)
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Friction
(Speed)
&-3 :-7-32 :-()3 &03+
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Less
Speed
Wind
Isobar
s are
not
shown
Closely
William Ferrel
(1817
Freely moving
Bodies get
Deflected :
Right NH
Left SH
Earths Rotation
is the Reason
Increases as it
moves from
Equator Poles
Ferrels Law
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Winds
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Planetary Winds
1. Trade Winds
2. Westerlies
3. Polar
Easterlies
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Subtropical Equatorial
High pressure Low
North East Winds N Hemisphere
South East Winds S Hemisphere
Same Direction & Velocity
Rainfall in Eastern Cost
No Rain in Western-->Desert
Helped Sea Travelers
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Subtropical Subpolar
High pressure Low
Westerlies Direction from West
Stronger in S H due to Vast Oceans
N Hemisphere S W N E
S Hemisphere N W S E
Different Names Roaring 40s,
Furious 50s, Shrieking 60s
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Direction of Wind
Northern
Hemisphere
Trade
Winds
Westerlies
Polar
Easterlies
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Southern
Hemisphere
Features
Trade
Winds
Sub
Tropical
Westerli
es
Sub
Tropical
Sub
Polar
Polar
Easterli
es
Polar
Sub
Polar
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Equato North
rial
East
South
East
Same
Direction &
Velocity
South
West
North
West
Stronger in
S H due to
Vast
Oceans
North
East
South
East
Colder &
Stronger
Periodic Winds
o For a Short Period
o At Certain Places
o Examples are
Monsoon Winds
Land & Sea Breeze
Mountain & Valley Breeze
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Monsoon Winds
S W Monsoon Winds
N E Monsoon Winds
Hippalus
Monsoon Winds
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Southwest Monsoon
Polar HP
Sun Northern H
Sub Polar LP
Pressure Belts Shift to North
Summer NH - HTemperature
Tropic of
As SE Trade Wind cross
Sub Tropical HP
Cancer June 21
Equator, Deflected (Coriolis
SE Trade Wind
Force) and Transform into
EquatorMar 21
Equatorial LP Sep 23
Southwest Monsoon
Arctic
Circle
NE Trade Wind
Tropic of
Capricorn
Antarctic
Circle
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Northeast Monsoon
N
Polar HP
Sub Polar LP
JuneSub
21 Tropical HP
SE Trade Wind
Mar 21Equatorial LP Sep 23
Vasco da Gama
NE Trade Wind
Sub Tropical HPDec 22
Sub Polar LP
Polar HP
Activity 7 (Comparison)
1. Make a Comparison
Northeast Monsoon
2. Make a Comparison
Land Breeze
3. Make a Comparison
Mountain Breeze
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Southwest
Monsoon
Northeast
Monsoon
Direction
South West
From Indian Ocean
North East
To Indian Ocean
Temperature
NH High
SH Low (Indian Ocean)
NH Low
SH High
NH Summer
SH Winter
NH Low
SH High
NH High
SH Low
NH Winter
SH Summer
Pressure
Season
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H
L
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Valley
Breeze
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Mountain
Breeze
Day Time
At Night
Air in the
Valley Heated
up & Blows
upslope the
Mountain
Air in the
Mountain Cools
& Blows
towards the
valley
Local Winds
Smaller Locality
Result of Local Pressure Difference
E.g. (India) Loo, Mango showers,
Kalbaisakhi
E.g. (World) Chinook, Harmattan &
Foehn
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Activity 8
Prepare a Table Showing the Name, Region and
Specialties of Local Winds
Wind
Region
Specialties
Chinook
Foehn
Harmattan
Loo
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Wind
Region
Specialties
Chinook
Eastern
Slopes of
Rockies
Mountains
Melting Snow
Reduce Severity of Cold
Wheat Cultivation in
Canadian lowlands
Foehn
Southern
Reduce Severity of Cold
Valley of Alps
Harmattan
Loo
North Indian
Plains
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Hot Wind
Rise in Temperature
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Trade Winds
Westerlies
Planetary
Winds
Polar Easterlies
Monsoon Winds
Periodic
Winds
Loo
Local
Winds
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Foehn
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Chinook
Harmattan
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Additional Activities
1. Difference between Isotherms & Isobars
2. Name the different Global Pressure Belts
3. What is Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)?
4. Which are the different names Westerly Winds?
5. Explain Doldrum
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
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