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TAC03012_D Ed 02
Course objectives
At the end of this section, you will be able to
Understand the concepts of the ISAM Voice Architecture
TAC03012_D Ed 02
Table of contents
MEGACO ISAM Voice Architecture
SIP ISAM Voice Architecture
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University
MEGACO ISAM Voice Architecture
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MEGACO signalling
XLES signalling
MGC
ISAM
NVPS
IP
EMAN
Ethernet Switch
GW
NPOT
NT
PSTN
Media Gateway
=> Trunk Gateway
Media Gateway
=> Access Gateway
- signalling part (NVPS)
- packetisation part (NPOT)
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ROUTER
NT
RTP
RTP
UDP
UDP
IP
IP
PHY
NPOT
IP
PHY
IP
EMAN
Ethernet
SHUB
802.3
IP
802.3
ROUTER
NVPS
H248
IP
IP
PHY
IP
PHY
IP
EMAN
802.3
NPOT
XLES
XLES
LAPV5
LAPV5
UDP
UDP
UDP
IP
IP
H248
UDP
NT
802.3 802.3
Ethernet
SHUB
IP
802.3
> The ISAM Voice Package encapsulates voice information in UDP/IP using the RTP (Real-Time
Protocol) which provides the information needed to restore the original digital voice stream (see
RFC 3550). The voice line card supports RTP, as well as the RTCP (Real-Time Control
protocol), the control protocol associated with RTP.
> Signalling and call control messages interchange between the NVPS and the MGC is achieved
using the standard H.248 protocol. The XLES proprietary protocol is used between the NVPS
and the voice line cards. Inside the NVPS, the H.248 transactions are associated to subscriber
ports based on H.248 termination names. The NVPS internally maps the physical terminations to
the ports L3 address and delivers the XLES messages to the corresponding voice line card by a
provisioned UDP port.
> LAPV5 = Link Access Procedures for the V5 protocol
> V5 Protocol = A protocol that defines the switching and signaling protocol between Access
Network (AN) and the Local Exchange (LE) to support analog telephone access, ISDN (BRI and
PRI) access, and other digital or analog access for semi-permanent connections.
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XLES protocol
BLES (Broadband Loop Emulation Service)
Adaptation of V5.1 PSTN protocol to notify events and request
resources
Information Elements
Type Of Message
Reference Number
Protocol Discriminator
0x048
0x049
BLES
XLES
> The eXtended BLES (XLES) protocol is used between the voice line cards and the NVPS. The
protoccol is based on the standard BLES protocol with a proprietary extension.The extension of
the standardised BLES protocol (ETSI EG 201 900-1 V1.1.1 (2001-04)) includes specific VoIP
features and controls to enable the command of signals (e.g. dial tone, CLIP transmission, etc..).
> The extensions include the following (not exhaustive list):
Set packetisation time
Set codec
Set jitter buffer configuration
Enable/disable VAD/CNG
Enable/disable echo cancellation
Enable/disable named telephone event with RTP packets (RFC 2833)
Call statistics
Metering pulses
Line testing
Alarms from the voice line card
Audits
Play signal
POTS OAM
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VoIP (RTP)
ETH
EMAN
NVPS:
NPOT
Analogue lines
NPOT
NBAT
MGC
MEGACO +
SIGTRAN (if NBAT)
NVPS
Internal Signaling
XLES
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GATEWAY FUNCTIONS
- Signalling interface with MGC
- Signalling with LT Cards
MEGACO / H248
signalling path
ISAM
MEGACO / H 248
NVPS
IP
EMAN
XLES
NPOT
Ethernet Switch
GW
NT
voice path
PSTN
The ISAM-V architecture is that of the ISAM with the addition of voice services, which
translates into the addition of three new boards: two LIMs, NPOT and NBAT providing POTS
and ISDN, and one Voice Packet Server card, NVPS, which is the VoIP gateway for ISAMV.
The NVPS communicates with the voice line cards by means of an extended BLES (xLES)
proprietary protocol. The NVPS terminates the proprietary signalling messages from the
voice cards, provides a Megaco interface with the call server and handles the specific OAM
needed to support VoIP service.
BLES = Broadband Loop Emulation Service (see VoDSL...)
The NPOT supports up to 48 POTS interfaces and integrates functions such as ringing, digit
detection and tone generation. This new LIM provides a classical POTS interface towards
the subscriber and performs the packetization of the voice over RTP, sending the voice
directly to the network as VoIP over Ethernet.
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signalling path
MEGACO / H248
MGC
signalling path
ISAM
NVPS
IP
EMAN
XLES
NBAT
Ethernet Switch
GW
NT
voice path
PSTN
signalling path
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Signalling between NVPS and MGC: Q.931 over IUA over SCTP
SIGTRAN (Signalling Transport) is a working group within the IETF standard
organization. Its primary purpose is to address the transport of packet-based public
switched telephone network (PSTN) signalling over IP networks.
Q.931 is ISDN's connection control protocol, roughly comparable to TCP in the Internet
protocol stack. Q.931 doesn't provide flow control or performs retransmission, since the
underlying layers are assumed to be reliable and the circuit-oriented nature of ISDN
allocates bandwidth in fixed increments of 64 kbps. Q.931 does manage connection
setup and breakdown.
IUA defines an adaptation module that is suitable for the transport of ISDN Q.921-User
Adaptation Layer (e.g., Q.931) messages.
The Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is designed to transport PSTN
signalling messages over IP networks. SCTP is an application-level datagram transfer
protocol operating on top of an unreliable datagram service such as UDP.
Signalling between NBAT and NVPS: ISDN L3 + L2 info (SAPI, TEI, other) over XLES
(Q.931 over xLES)
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Subtending Architecture
One voice system = one NVPS + n x NPOTS
Signaling
Path
NVPS
EMAN
Voice
path
XLES
NPOT
Ethernet Switch
NT
ISAM Hub
GigE
NPOT
Ethernet Switch
NPOT
NT
Subtended ISAM
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Remote Architecture
NVPS
EMAN
XLES
NPOT
Ethernet Switch
Voice
path
NT
ISAM Hub
NPOT
Ethernet Switch
NPOT
NT
Remote ISAM
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SUBTENDING /REMOTE
Remote
7302 ISAM
Small
Remote / Subtended
MGC
PSTN
GW
IP
EMAN
ANT
STB
POTS
ISDN
Head Office
7302 ISAM
ANT
STB
POTS
ISDN
Subtended
7302 ISAM
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Management architecture
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This means that the ISAM Voice configuration now belongs to the ISAM and no longer only to
the NVPS
Storage in the NVPS is now only for speedy restart of the card
Moving the NVPS to another ISAM system, makes it follow that systems voice configuration
Automatic back-up of the ISAM now also includes the NVPS database and active CDE profile
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University
SIP ISAM Voice Architecture
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System overview
AMS
SNMP
HSS
EMAN
IP
LANx ISAM-V
NPOT
GEs
NPOT
AS
P-CSCF
SIP
I-CSCF
S-CSCF
NT
SNMP interface resident on NT
MRF
OAM traffic
Logical connection
SIP message
20
- The ISAM-V architecture is the same as ISAM with the addition of voice
application service, which means a new board, NPOT. NPOT card is able to be
populated in any available slot in the hub or cascading shelves. DSL LTs and
NPOTs may be mixed in any shelf.
- External voice service OAM is terminated at NT. Internal Voice OAM
communication between NT and NPOT uses the proprietary IDL/ITL protocol.
- NPOT supports up to 48 classical POTS interface.
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NPOT
EMAN
ETH
NPOT
Analogue lines
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SIP
signalling path
SIP
IP
ISAM
EMAN
Ethernet Switch
GW
NPOT
NT
voice path
PSTN
The ISAM-V architecture is that of the ISAM with the addition of voice services, which
translates into the addition of two extra boards: two LIMs, NPOT and NBAT providing POTS
and ISDN.
The NPOT supports up to 48 POTS interfaces and integrates functions such as ringing, digit
detection and tone generation. This new LIM provides a classical POTS interface towards
the subscriber and performs the packetization of the voice over RTP, sending the voice
directly to the network as VoIP over Ethernet.
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I-CSCF
AGCF
SIP
R
HSS
m
et
er
ll
Ca
SI
P
R
SIP
o
trati
egis
ll
GW
Ca
MEGACO
Diameter
P
SI
SIP Registration
S-CSCF
Di
a
SIP
MGCF
egis
trat
io
P-CSCF
MEGACO
SIP
ISAM
ISAM
NVPS
NPOT
MEGACO Solution
SIP Solution
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www.alcatel-lucent.com
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