BIOCHEMISTRY

1. The inhibition in noncompetitive reaction _________________.

a. competes with the active site of the enzyme
b. binds simultaneously with substrate other than the active site
c. increases the rate of reaction
d. both b and c

2. The order and sequence of amino acid in a polypeptide determines what protein structure
a. primary
c. tertiary
b. secondary
d. quaternary

3. Amino acids that cannot be synthesized in the organism are called__________.

a. non essential amino acids
c. standard amino acids
b. essential amino acids
d. alpha amino acids

4. Which hormones regulates the level of blood sodium?

a. aldosterone
c. corticosteroid
b. sterol
d. cortisone

5. It is a precursor of vit. A
a. B-carotene
b. retinol

c. retinal
d. opium

6. Which of the following is a precursor of vitamin D?

a. prostaglandin
c. cholesterol
b. linoleic acid
d. aldosterone

7. Which of these class of enzymes introduces double-bond by the removal of hydrogen

a. dehydronegase
c.decarboxylase
b. dehydrolase
d. lipase

8. The ionic property of amino acid is exhibited by its

a. zwitterions form
c. COO group
b. NH2 group
d. positively charged groups

9. All of the following are simple proteins except:

a. glutelins
c. albumins
b. globulins
d. glycoproteins

10. The simplest monosaccharide is __________________

a. erythrose
c. glyceraldehydes
b. starch
d. arabinose

11. Denaturation of protein is a result of

a. cleavage of the peptide bond
b. formation of H-bond

c. breaking of H-bond
d. none of these

12. Competitive inhibition is a _________________ reaction.

a. reversible
c. pH ^ temperature dependent
b. irreversible
d. none of these

13. In the Seliwanioff's test, the reaction of resorcinol and acid on the sugar forms___________.
a. hydroxymethyl furfural
c. hydraxine
b. pyranose
d. purine

14. High concentration of neutral salts causes the precipitation of proteins. This is called__________.
a. salting out
c. coagulation
b. salting in
d. both b & c

15. It is the type of enzyme inhibition reaction whereby the inhibition competes with the substrate active site.
a. competitive inhibition
c. reversible inhibition
b. noncompetitive
d. incomplete inhibition

16. The following are waxes except:

a. beeswax
b. sperm oil

c. bile acids
d. lanolin

17. The inactive form of enzymes are called ___________.

a. zymogens
c. cofactor
b. apoenzymes
d. both B & C

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BIOCHEMISTRY
D

18. Which of the following amino acids has no alpha amino group?
a. proline
c. glycine
b. hydroxyproline
d. both a and

19. An enzyme is a substance which

a. convert heat to energy
c. change chemically in reaction

b. act as a catalyst
d. is not specific in reaction

20. Milk curdling enzyme present in gastric juice of infants:

a. pepsin
b. rennin
c. trypsin
d. maltase

21. Carbohydrates are

a. polyhydroxyaldehydes / polyhydroxyketones
b. polyhydroxy acids

22. Insulin is usually classified as:

a. protein
c. hormone

c. hemiacetals
d. polymers of amino acids

b. enzyme
d. carbohydrates

23. What amount of glucose is present in the human blood?

a. 60 to 90 mg in 100 ml blood
c. 2% of the total human body weight
b. 5 to 6 g in 100 ml blood
d. none of these

24. It is the organelle which serves as the site of the electron transport chain.
a. mitochondria
b. ribosome
c. nucleus
d. lysosome

25. The end product of the hydrolysis of glycogen is:

a. galactose
b. fructose
c. glucose
d. arabinose

26. Iodine test is a reaction which may be used to identify carbohydrates. The reaction is due to
a. presence of the free aldehyde group
b presence of alcohol group
c. presence of amylose portion
d. presence of glucose

27. Benedicts reagent yield positive result to:

a. monosaccharide only
c. sucrose

b. reducing sugars
d. polysaccharides

28. Hypertonic solutions will cause the cell to:

a. swell
c. burst

b. shrink
d. undergo hemolysis

29. Rancidity of fats maybe due to:

a. oxidation
c. saponification

b. hydrogenation
d. condensation

30. The deficiency of this hormone causes diabetes mellitus:

a. progesterone
b. testosterone
c. insulin
d. glucagons

31. The active proteolytic enzyme in gastric juice is:

a. pepsin
b. trypsin
c. maltase
d. catalase

32. The site of oxidation reaction in electron transport chain is in the

a. nucleus
b. mitochondrion
c. ribosome
d. golgi bodies

33. Protein digestion starts in the

a. mouth
c. intestine

b. stomach
d. pancreas

34. The conversion of an amino acid to sugar is:

a. gluconeogenesis
b. glycolysis
c. glycogenesis
d. glycogenolysisp

35. Which of the following is not an amino acid?

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BIOCHEMISTRY
a. leucine
c. valine

b. choline
d. glycine

36. When trypsinogen is conoverted into tyrpsin, the enzyme is called:

a. pepsin
c. enterokinase
b. zymogen
d. amylase

37. The protein part of the enzyme molecule is the:

a.apoenzyme
c. cofactor
b.coenzyme
d. holoenzyme

C.

38. Optimum temperature for enzyme activity in the body:

o
o
a.40 C
c. 37 C
o
o
b.60 C
d. 10 C
39. Glucose is stored in the liver, as:
a. galactose
c. lactose
b. glycogen
d. fructose

40

The enzyme confirmation adapts to the incoming substrate in

a. Lock and Key theory
c. competitive inhibition
b. glycogenesis
d. glycogenolysis

41. The process of converting glucose into glycogen is called

a. gluconeogenesis
c. glycolysis
b. glycogenesis
d. glycogenolysis

42. All are pyrimidine bases except:

a. guanine
b.cystocine

c. uracil
d. thymine

43. Glucose, amino acid and fatty acid enter the citric acid cycle by their conversion into:
a. pyruvate
c. acetoacetyl CoA
b. acetyl CoA
d. palmitic acid

44. A hormone which stimulates glycogenesis:

a. insulin
b. glucagons

c. epinephrine
d. vasopressin

45. These are chemicals that are extracted from organism such as bacteria and can inhibit growth or destroy other
microorganisms:
a. antibiotic
c. hormone
b. enzyme
d. vitamins

46. The gland or tissue that regulates the blood glucose level.
a. parathyroid
c. pancreas
b. thyroid
d. adrenal

47. Which vitamin is formed in the body by exposure to ultraviolet Irradiation or sunlight
a. vit. A
c. vit. C
b. vit. B
d. vit. D

48. Excess vit. A & D is stored in the body, but excess vit. C & D is readily excreted. What property shows this?
a. vit C & D are water soluble
c. both a & b
b. vit. A & D are fat soluble
d. none of these

49. It is the entire genetic make up of an organism.

a. gene
c. codon
b. anticodon
d. mutation

50. The vitamin which is used in the prevention of degenerative changes in the central nervous system.
a. vit. A
c. vit. C
b. vit. B complex
d. vit. D

51. It is a model which best explains the enzyme-substrate action

a. lock & key
c. VSEPR
b. molecular
d. Kreb

52. The activation of pepsinogen requires:

a. pepsin
b. NaOH

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c. enterokinase
d. HCL

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BIOCHEMISTRY
B

53. DNA is primarily found in the

a. cytosol
b. nucleus/mitochondria

c. cell wall
d. endoplasmic reticulum

54. It is the enzyme which hydrolyzed starch to dextrin and maltose

a. catalase
c. pepsin
b. amylase
d. lactase

55. A synthetic DNA is called

a. replicated DNA
b. plasmid

B
C

56. Hydrolysis of ATP is an

a. energy requiring reaction
b. energy producing reaction
57. Which of the following characteristic of lipid?
a. zwitterions
b. amphiphilic

c. gene
d. recombinant DNA

c. no energy is involved
d. energy is absorbed
c. hydrophobic
d. hydrophilic

58. It is a condition that results when sugar level is below normal

a. hypoglycemia
c. ketonuria
b. hyperglycemia
d. uremia

59. An example of globular protein

a. albumin
b. collagen

c. fibrin
d. silk

60. Complimentary base pairs in the DNA double helix are bonded by
a. H-bond
c. vander waals
b. ester bond
d. dipole dipole

61. Which nitrogen base is not found in DNA?

a. thymine
b. cytosine

c. uracil
d. guanine

62. An organic cofactor in an enzyme

a. vitamins
b. coenzymes

c. a & b
d. none of these

63. At what stage of glucose oxidation is most of the energy produced?

a. glycolysis
c. glycogenesis
b. aerobic stage
d. glycogenolysis

64. The best known building blocks of RNA and DNA are
a. purines
c. fatty acids
b. pyrimidines
d. a and b

65. It is responsible for the storage and transmission of genetic information.

a. adenine
c. DNA
b. RNA
d. nucleic acid

66. Build up of urea in the kidney is called

a. ketonuria
b. glycemia

c. uremia
d. all of these

67. The transfer of genetic information from DNA by the formation of mRNA
a. transcription
c.transamination
b. translation
d. replication

68. What is the end product of electron transport chain?

a. oxygen
c. carbon dioxide
b. hydrogen
d. water

69. The energy producing reaction

a. metabolic
b. catabolic

c. anabolic
d. all of these

70. It is the molecule that directs the activity of the cells

a. DNA
c. nucleoproteins
b. RNA
d. hormones

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BIOCHEMISTRY
C

71. The sugar involved in DNA

a. ribose
b. pentose

c. deoxyribose
d. xylose

72. The common metabolic pathway

a. glycosis
b. beta oxidation

c. Kreb's cycle
d. glucogenesis

73. Rosenheim's test is used to detect the presence of:

a. ethanolamine
b. cholesterol
b. choline
d. glycone moiety

74. Detects the presence of alpha amino acids:

a. Biuret
b. Molisch

c. Ninhydrin
d. Hopkins-cole

75. The process of producing fats from acetyl co-A is called

a. glycolysis
c. glycogenolysis
b. lipogenesis
d. glucogenesis

76. The ff. test reagents to detect the presence of amino acids, execpt:
a. Grignard's
c. Millon-Nasse
b. Xanthoproteic
d. Sakaguchi

77. The condition that lowers the pH of the blood due to starvation is called
a. acidosis
c. hyperglycemia
b. alkalosis
d. glycosuria

78. The substance responsible or the emulsion of fats is

a. HCI
c. pepsin
b. bile acids
d. trypsin

79. Hubl's solution is used to acertain degree of:

a. saturation
c. peroxidation
b. unsaturation
d. acidity

80. IUPAC name of acrolyn

a. pentenal
c. propenal

c. hexanal
d. acetone

81. The positive indication for the presence of glycerol in acrolein test:
a. yellow colored solution
c. silver mirror formed in the test tube
b. black markings on filter
d. play of colors, from blue to shades paper of red

82. Cerebrosides are positive in the ff. tests, except:

a. Molisch
c. Lassaigne's
b. Biuret
d. none of the above

83. Osmic test is used to detect the presence of _______ in lipids:

a. metals
c. unsaturated groups
b. prostate groups
d. glycerol

84. The most sensitive chemical test to detect the presence of glycerol in acrolein test:
a. Liebberman-Burchard
b. Formaldehyde-sulfuric acid
b. Salkowski reaction
d. Colorimetric spectrophotometry

85. The ff. are phospholipids, except:

a. plasmalogen
b. lecithin

c. cephalin
d. choline

86. A mixed triglyceride contains:

a. three similar fatty acids esterified with glycerol
b. two similar fatty acids esterified with glycerol
c. three differebt fatty acids esterified with glycerol
d. all of the above

87. The central compound found in the structure of sphingolipids:

a. glycerol
c. ceramide
b. sphingosine
d. phosphocholine

88. Lipid whose specific test is the Furter-Meyer test:

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BIOCHEMISTRY

a. tocopherol
b. retinol

c. sphingomyelin
d. cerebroside

89. Precipitate of ___________ indicates the presence of phospholipids in the lipid sample:
a. ammonium phosphomolybdate
c. phosphorous triiodide
b. phosphorous periodate
d. phospho-ammonium sulfate complex

90. The ff. are glycolipids except:

a. globosides
b. phosphatides

c. gangliosides
d. cerebrosides

91. The parent compound of phosphoslipids:

a. glycerol
b. phosphatidic acid

c. ethanolamine
d. none of the above

92. A non-pentose sugar which is also positive for Tollen' sphloroglucinol test:
a. galactose
c. fructose
b. glucose
d. cellobiose

93. The reagent present is Molisch test which is responsible for the dehydration reaction:
a. sodium carbonate
c. sulfuric acid
b. magnesium stearate
d. NaOH

94. ID test to detect the presence of glycogen:

a. phloroglucinol
b. molisch

c. iodine
d. seliwanoff

95. The only sugar that readily forms insoluble osazone crystals:
a. lactose
c. mannose
b.sucrose
d. sucrose

96. Important structural material found in the exoskeletons of many lower animals:
a. chnondroitin
c. hyaluronic acid
b. heparin
d. chitin

97. Hydrolysis of osazones produce:

a. phenylhydrazones
b. ozones

c. sugars
d. none of the above

98. General term for a group of polysaccharides present in the primary cell wall:
a. xanthan
c. pectin
b. mucilage
d. carageenan

99. Specific test for galactose, due to the formation of highly insoluble crystals:
a. phenylhydrazine test
c. mucic acid
b. fermentation
d. molisch

100. Type of RNA which serves as template for the amino acid sequence being synthesized:
a. mRNA
c. rRNA
b. tRNA
d. none of the above

101. Positive indication for Anthrone test:

a. purple ring
b. blue-green color

c. effervescenve
d. yellow ppt

102. Differentiating test between helical and linear polysaccharides:

a. Molisch
c. Schweitzer
b. iodine
d. fermentation

103. The difference between Benedict's and Barfoed's test reagent lies in:
a. sequestering agent used
c. pH of the solution
b. active component used
d. alkali used

104. Hydrolytic product of chitin:

a. iduronatet
b. acetylgalactosamine

c. acetylglucosamine
d. glucuronic acid

105. Glucose and fructose are:

a. anomers
b. epimers

c. geometric isomers
d. allosteres

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BIOCHEMISTRY

106. The complementary strand of CGACCTTGATCGACGTCGA:

a. TCGTTCCAGCTAGTACTAG
c. AGCAAGGTCGATCATGATC
b. GCTGGAACTAGCTGCEGCT
d. ATCAAGGTCGATCATGATC

107. Alkaline bismuth reagent is used to detect the presence of:

a. polysaccharides
c. reducing sugars
b. dissacharides
d. glycitols

108. Action of dilute alkali on sugars:

a. dehydration
b. hyperconjunction

c. hydrolysis
d. tautomerization

109. The ff. are the components of DNA nucleosides, except:

a. phosphoric acid
c. adenine
b. sugar
d. cytosine

110. Central dogma concept wherein the RNA molecule is used as template
for the synthesis of DNA molecule:
a. transcription
c. mutation
b. translation
d. none of the above

111. The ff. proteins are present in egg white, except:

a. ovomucin
c. albumin
b. ovoglobulin
d. osseomucoid

112. Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in the

a. nucleus
b. mitochondria

c. cytoplasm
d. lysosomes

113. Ketogenic amino acids:

a. leucine
b. tyrosine

c. pheylalanine
d. all of the above

114. Osazone test is also known as:

a. Nylander's
b. Kowarsky test

c. Trommer's
d. Folin's test

115. Genetic defect characterized by mental retardation and cataract, since the unmetabolized sugar is toxic to the
lens of the eyes:
a. galactosemia
c. pentosuria
b. fructosemia
d. fructosuria

116. Body functions of lipids:

a. transformation into proteins and carbohydrates
b. catabolism to provide body with heat and energy
c. insulation and paddings for organs
d. all of the above

117. Pyridoxine is a component of this enzyme:

a. enolase
b. decarboxylase

c. hydrogenase
d. isomerase

118. The ff. are neutral amino acids, except:

a. methionine
b. lysine

c. threonine
d. leucine

119. In man, the principal end product of protein metabolism is:

a. uric acid
c. pyruvic acid
b. lactic acid
d. urea

120. Condition wherein acetone accumulates in the blood:

a. ketosuria
c. ketosis
b. ketonemia
d. ketonuria

121. Glutamine is a _____________amino acid:

a. neutral
c. acidic
b. basic
d. racemin

122. Oxidation product of ketone bodies:

a. reduced sugars

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c. alcohols
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BIOCHEMISTRY
b. carbon dioxide
C

123. Phospoprotein found in egg yolk:

a. ovocasein
b. tendomucoid

d. aldehydes
c. vitelin
d. avidin

124. Amino acids positive for sakaguchi reaction:

a. gelatin
c. arginine
b. alanine
d. tyrosine

125. Histidine is negative for:

a. Pauly reaction
b. sodium nitroprusside

c. ninhydrine
d. xanthoproteic

126. An official simple protein obtained from corn:

a. glutelin
c. zein
b. gliadin
d. maize

127. Principle involved in the isolation of casein milk:

a. salting in
c. isoelectric precipitation
b. salting out
d. none of the above

128. Process of converting liver glycogen into blood glusoce:

a. glycogenolysis
c. glycolysis
b. gluconeogenesis
d. glycogenesis

129. Genetic information is stored and carried in all cells by:

a. single-stranded DNA
c. double-stranded RNA
b. double-stranded DNA
d. single stranded circular DNA

130. Principal site for the synthesis of urea:

a. kidney
b. liver

c. spleen
d. intestinal mucosa

131. Pentose present in gum arabic:

a. xylose
b. ribose

c. arabinose
d. threose

132. Which of the following is responsible for the transfer of genetic information?
a. ATP
c. DNA
b. GTP
d. RNA

133. Only form of inorganic nitrogen which can be utilized by living cells:
a. urea
c. ammonia
b. ornithine
d. nitrogen gas

134. The ff. are essential amino acids, except:

a. tyrosine
b. lysine

c. methionine
d. arginine

135. The chief end product of purine metabolism in man

a. CO
c. uric acid
b. urea
d. ammonia

136. The principal end product of protein metabolism:

a. carbon dioxide
c. hippuric acid
b. ammonia
d. urea

137. Presence of glucose in appreciable amounts in the urine:

a. hematuria
c. glycosemia
b. glycosuria
d. akbuminaria

138. The ff. are the tests for kidney efficiency, except:
a. phenolsulfophthalein test
c. water output test
b. urea clearance test
d. crystallization method

139. Growth hormone is also known as:

a. thyrotropic hormone
b. somatotropin

c. ganodotropin
d. interstitial stimulating hormone

140. What is the anticodon in tRNA that corresponds to the codon ACG in mRNA?

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BIOCHEMISTRY

a. UGC
c. GCA
b. TGC
d. CGU
141. Condition wherein bile pigment is present in excess in the blood:
a. jaundice
c. cirrhosis
b. hepatitis
d. cystic fibrosis

142. The ff. are non-essential amino acids, except:

a. glycine
c. cysteine
b. leucine
d. glutamine

143. Principal digestive constituent of the gastric juice:

a. trypsin
c. gastrin
b. pepsin
d. enterokinase

144. Condition wherein the concentration of uric acid accumulates in blood reaches as high as 1mg.percent:
a. leukemia
c. murexia
b. gout
d. any of the above

145. The study of the composition and the chemical processes occurring in the living matter is:
a. qualitative chemistry
d. quantitative chemistry
b. organic chemistry
e. inorganic chemistry
c. biochemistry

146. What is a wobble?

a. the ability of certain anticodons to pair with codons that differ at the third base
b. an error in translation induced by streptomycin
c. a mechanism that allows for a peptide extension in the 50S submit of the ribosome
d. thermal motions leading to local denaturation of the DNA double helix

147. The most important function of HCL in the stomach is

a. hydrolysis of protein
d. destruction of bacteria
b. neutralization of chime
e. stimulation of pancreatic
c. activation of pepsinogen secretion

148. Transmission is:

a. conversion of amino acid to hydroxyl acid
b. loss of ammonia from amino acids
c. conversion of amino acids to keto acids
d. formation of ammonium salt from ammonia

149. The lipid that is converted to Vitamin D2 upon irradiation

a. ergosterol
c. cholesterol
b. glycerol
d. all of the above

150. The metabolic degradation of hemoglobin takes place principally in

a. the reticuloendothelial system
c. the white blood cells
b. the red blood cells
d. the liver cell

151. The amino acid that is an important precursor of hemoglobin is

a. alanine
c. glycine
b. proline
d. cysteine

152. Serine is converted to ethanolamine by the removal of:

a. oxygen
c. carbon dioxide
b. ammonia
d. carboxyl group

153. Ninhydrin give a blue coloration with

a. proteins
b. carbohydrates

c. amino acids
d. simple sugars

154. Which is the monomer unit of proteins?

a. amino acid
b. monosaccharide

c. fatty acid
d. purine

155. The proteinase that is found mostly in gastric juice of young animals
a. rennin
d. ptyaiin
b. pepsin
e. none of the above
c. steapsin

156. Conjugated proteins which are a combination of amino acids and carbohydrates

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BIOCHEMISTRY

a. nucleoproteins
b. glycoproteins

c. phosphoproteins
d. chromoproteins

157. Gamma decarboxylation of aspartic acid produces

a. alanine
c. glutamic acid
b. asparagines
d. glycine

158. Rotation of polarized light is caused by solutions of all of the following amino acids, except:
a. alanine
c. leucine
b. glycine
d. valine

159. It is a disease due to protein deficiency

a. Kwashiorkor
b. diabetes

c. albuminuria
d. jaundice

160. Which of the following amino acids is not essential in mammals?

a. phenylaline
c. tyrosine
b. lyxsine
d. methionine

161. The following are examples of chromoprotein except:

a. chlorophyll
c. cytochromes
b. hemoglobin
d. heparin

162. For the amino acid cycteine, choose the appropriate description of its side chain.
a. acidic
c. aromatic
b. basic
d. sulfur-containing

163. Which of the following amino acids has a net positive charge at physiologic pH?
a. cysteine
c. lysine
b. glutamic acid
d. valine

164. Sickle cell anemia is the clinical manifestation of homozygous genes for an abnormal hemoglobin molecule.
The mutationl event responsible for the mutation in the beta chain is:
a. crossing over
c. deletion
b. insertion
d. point mutation

165. When starches are heated, they produce

a. sugars
b. glycogen

c. dextrins
d. disaccharides

166. Check the incorrect statement

a. ribose is an aldopentose
b. maltose is a ketohexose

c. galactose is an aldohexose
d. glucose is an aldohexose

167. The reducing property of sugars is due to this group

a. aldehyde
c. carboxyl
b. nitro
d. methyl

168. The monosaccharide most rapidly absorbed from the small intestine is
a. glucose
c. mannose
b. fructose
d. galactose

169. A condition known as atherosclerosis results as an accumulation in the blood vessels

a. calcium
c. cholesterol
b. pathogens
d. ketones

170. Ketoses can be differentiated from aldoses by this test

a. Molisch's test
c. Seliwanoff's
b. Benedict's test
d. Tollen's test
171. The clinical test for the determination of cholesterol
a. Liebermann-Burchard
c. both a & b
b. Salkowski
d. none of the above

172. Concentrated dehydrating acids change monosaccharides to

a. simple sugars
d. uronic acids
b. saccharic acids
e. aldric acids
c. furfurals

173. A mucopolysaccharide which possesses an anticoagulant property

a. pectin
d. chitin

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BIOCHEMISTRY
b. hyaluronic acid
c. heparin

e. chondroitin sulfate

174. Which of the following is the test for reducing sugars for urine?
a. Benedict's test
c. Biuret test
b. Acrolein test
d. Brown Ring test

175. Lactose can be differentiated from fructose by

a. Mucic acid test
d. Iodine test
b. Barfoed's test
e. Tollen's test
c. Fehling's test

176. Polymers that are responsible for the metabolic capabilities and morphology of organisms are
a. carbohydrates
c. polysaccharides
b. proteins
d. nucleic acids

177. The product obtained from the partial hydrolysis of collagen

a. myosin
d. fibrinogen
b. gelatin
e. thrombin
c. actin

178. The main carbohydrate of the blood is

a. D-fructose
b. D-glucose

c. mannitol
d. sorbitol

179. A normal value of glucose in the blood

a. 100 to 200 mg%
b. 80 to 120 mg%

c. 50 to 75 mg%
d. 200 to 300mg%

180. Butter becomes rancid upon exposure to air due to formation of

a. acetic acid
c. formic acid
b. butyric acid
d. propionic acid

181. The cholesterol molecule is

a. an aromatic ring
b. a straight chain acid

c. a steroid
d. tocopherol

182. Which of the following is a phospholipids

a. glycogen
b. prostaglandin

c. sphingomyelin
d. oleic acid

183. The passage of the end products of digestion from the small intestine into the blood stream
a. metabolism
d. oxidation
b. digestion
e. reduction
c. absorption

184. Endocrine gland that is a small oval body situated at the base of the brain
a. hypophysis
c. adrenal
b. pancreas
d. none of the above

185. Cellular elements of the blood devoid of nucleus

a. RBC
c. thrombocytes
b. WMC
d. all of the above

186. Is the sum total of all acitivities directed towards the maintenance of life
a. catabolism
d. photosynthesis
b. anabolism
e. fermentation
c. metabolism

187. This substance accumulates in the muscles as a result of vigorous exercise

a. muscle glycogen
c. lactic acid
b. amino acids
d. glucose

188. A common intermediate of metabolism of carbohydrates, fatty acids, and amino acids is
a. glycerol
d. oxaloacetate
b. acetyl CoA
e. acetylcholine
c. acetoacetate

189. The principal site of glucose production in the human body is the
a. blood
c. pituitary gland
b. liver
d. small intestine

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190. The major buffer of the extracellular fluid

a. bicarbonate-carbon dioxide
b. amino acids

c. phosphate
d. none of the above

191. Separates from cells when blood is coagulated

a. fibrogen
d. thrombin
b. plasma
e. none of the above
c. serum

192. These are the glycolipids found in high concentration in the brain and nerve cells especially in the myelin
sheath
a. lecithin
c. cerebrosides
b. cephalins
d. sphingolipids

193. Alcohol in the body is

a. oxidized to CO2 and HOH
b. excreted mainly by lungs

c.excreted by kidneys
d. excreted by large intestine

194. Which of the following tissues contains the enzyme glucose-6-Phosphatase and is able to supply glucose to
the blood?
a. heart
c. liver
b. brain
d. none of the above

195. Complete digestion of all foodstuffs occurs in the

a. large intestine
d. small intestine
b. stomach
e. pancreas
c. mouth

196. This compound id not a normal constituent of urine

a. sodium chloride
c. urea
b. albumin
d. uric acid

197.

198. Blood clotting can be prevented by

a. sodium chloride
b. potassium chloride

Decomposition of carbohydrates brought about by the action of enzymes liberating ethyl alcohol and carbon
dioxide
a. fermentation
d. hydrolysis
b. adsorption
e. saponification
c. detoxification

c. sodium citrate

199. This hormone elevates blood sugar concentration

a. insulin
c. estrogen
b. progesterone
d. glucagons

200. Deficiency in this vitamins causes red blood cell fragility

a. vitamin A
c. vitamin D
b. vitamin K
d. vitamin E

201. The end-product in the hydrolysis of glycogen is:

a. galactose
c. glucose
b. mannose
d. arabinose

202. In which form is glucose stored in the liver?

a. glycogen
c. sucrose
b. glucose {unchanged}
d. starch

203. Which of the following is NOT an ID test for proteins and amino acids?
a. Ninhydrin
c.Biuret
b. Bials
d. Xanthoproteic

204. What vitamin deficiency causes pellagra?

a. riboflavin
b. thiamine

c. pantothenic acid
d. nicotinic acid

205. All are pyrimindine bases, except:

a. cytosine
b. thymine

c uracil
d. guanine

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B

206. The sugar that yields only glucose when hydrolyzed is:
a. galactose
c. fructose
b. maltose
d. sucrose

207. Which is NOT a B-complex vitamin?

a. folic acid
b. nicotinic acid

c. Riboflavin
d. ascorbic acid

208. The following sugars are aldohexoses EXCEPT:

a. fructose
b. galactose

c. glucose
d. mannose

209. All the amino acid below contain sulfur, EXCEPT:

a. cystine
b. methionine

c. cysteine
d. glycine

210. The following are essential fatty acids, EXCEPTt:

a. oleic acid
b. linoleic acid

c. linolenic acid
d. arachidonic acid

211. The test detects the presence of two or more peptide bonds:
a. Ninhydrin
c. Tollens
b. Fehlings
d. Biuret

212. This vitamin easily undergoes oxidation

a. vitamin A
b. vitamin C

c. vitamin B12
d. vitamin B1

213. The end product f anaerobic glucose metabolism is:

a. pyruvate
c. carbon dioxide
b. lactate
d. water

214. The inactive form of an enzyme is sometimes called:

a. zymogen
c. apoenzye
b. holoenzyme
d. coenzyme

215. Photosynthesis is a process involved in the manufacture of

a. carbohydrates
c. proteins
b. fats
d. all of the above

216. The major extracellular cation is

a. potassium
b. sodium

c. calcium
d. iron

217. Which sugar will NOT give a red precipitate with cupric oxide when heated with Benedicts solution?
a. glucose
b. maltose
c. sucrose
d. fructose

218. Night blindness is a symptom of a deficiency in this vitamin.

a. vitamin A
c. vitamin B
b. vitamin C
d. vitamin D

219. The activation of pepsinogen requires:

a. NaOH
b. bicarbonate

c. acetic acid
d. HCI

220. Nucleosides upon hydrolysis will yield:

a. adenine + phosphate
b. quinine + phosphate

c. histones + ribose
d. cytosine + ribose

221. Protein digestion starts in the

a. mouth
b. small intestine

c. stomach
d. large intestine

222. Major form of utilizable energy in all cells.

a. ADP
b. GDP

c. ATP
d. GTP

223. Which of the following supplies the highest amount of energy per gram?
a. fat
c. protein
b. glycogen
d. starch

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224. The following are proteins in milk, EXCEPT?

a. rennin
b. casein

c. lactoalbumin
d. lactoglubulin

225. The conversion of beta carotene to vitamin A is carried out in the

a. liver
c. lungs
b. small intestine
d. pancreas

226. This sugar is also called an invert sugar

a. sucrose
b. fructose

c. glucose
d. galactose

227. What type of sugar is found in nucleic acids?

a. riboses
b. glucoses

b. mannoses
d. galactoses

228. The biochemical function of hemoglobin is:

a. defense
b. regulatory

c. structural
d. oxygen transport

229. The following enzymes catalyze hydrolysis reactions, EXCEPT:

a. proteases
c. transaminases
b. esterases
d. nucleases

230. Porphyrins are involved in the building of

a. bones
b. muscles

c. blood
d. connective tissue

231. Which among the following sugar is sweetest?

a. glucose
b. fructose

c. sucrose
d. galactose

232. Information and control centers of the cell:

a. nucleoproteins
b. enzymes

c. carbohydrates
d. lipids

233. Hydrolysis of nucleoproteins will yield:

a. nucleic acids and histones
b. nucleic acid and sugar

c. nucleic acid and purines

d. nucleic acid and pyrimidines

234. The condition wherein protein is found in the urine is:

a. glycosuria
c. proteinuria
b. ketonuria
d. dysuria

235. Alpha-hydroxy propionic acid is:

a. lactic acid
b. aminoacetic acid

c. ascorbic acid
d. pyruvic acid

236. This test detects the presence of indole rings

a. Molisch
b. Hopkins cole

c. Millons
d. Niinhydrin

37. The steps of central states:

a. replication, translation and transcription
b. replication, translation and transmission
c. replication, translation and translation
d. transcription, translation and replication

238. Reverse transaction takes place in:

a. bacteria
b. viruses
239. The number of chromosomes in the human:
a. 41
b. 42

240. Digestion of starch starts in the:

a. mouth
b. stomach

c. algae
d. molds
c. 43
d. 46
c. small intestine
d. large intestine

241. The ordered steps in protein sysnthesis:

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a. transcription, transplantion, activation, elongation
b. activation, elongation, initiation, termination
c. initiation, activation, elongation, termination
d. activation, initiation, elongation, termination
D

242. Genetic code is:

a. universal
b. composed of three nucleotides

243. Which of the following is called transamination?

a. conversion of amino acids to hydroxyl acids
b. conversion of amino acids to keto acids
c. lose of ammonia from amino acids
d. formation of ammonium salts from ammonia

244. Dextran is:

a. carbohydrate
b. glucose polymer

c. continuous
d. all are correct

c. glycoside
d. protein

245. A genetic disease due to defective mechanism for pyrimidine dimers:

a. phenyl ketonuria
c. albinism
b. xeroderma pigmentosum
d. galactosemia

246. The bond joining pentose sugar to nitrogen base is:

a. 1, 4 glycosidic bond
c. peptide bond
b. B 1, 4 glycosidic bond
d. N-glycosyl linkage

247. The type of RNA molecule that brings amino acids to the site of protein synthesis is:
a. rRNA
c. mRNA
b. aRNA
d. Trna

248. Most allergies are caused by:

a. error in the immune system
b. histamines produced by the body

c. dust
d. all of the above

249. RNA which plays an important role in the structure and biosynthetic function of ribosome:
a. mRNA
c. tRNA
b. rRNA
d. DNA

250. In the secondary structure of RNA:

a. adenine will always pair with thymine
b. cytosine will always pair with thymine
c. cytosine will always pair with uracil
d. adenine will always pair with uracil

251. A nucleic acid is made up of:

a. sugar, nucleoside and a base
b. proteins, sugar and a phosphate group
c. nitrogenous base, amino acid and sugar
d. nitrogenous base, phosphate and sugar

252. Bond between 2 amino acids

a. glycosidic bond
b. N-glycosyl linkage

c. peptide bond
d. hydrogen bond

253. Which of the following is NOT a test for protein?

a. acrolein
b. Biuret

c. Millons
d. xanthoproteic

254. Acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate to form:

a. citrate
b. carnitine

c. acyl-carnitine
d. none of the above

255. The proteins that make the fur, wool, claws, and feathers.
a. collagen
c. silk
b. keratin
d. none of the above

256. Liquid vegetable oils may be transformed into solid fats by the process of:
a. oxidation
c. substitution
b. hydrogenation
d. reduction

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B

257. The chemical messengers produced by the endocrine glands:

a. genes
c. vitamins
b. hormones
d. enzymes

258. It is the sugar found in milk:

a. lactose
b. maltose

c. sucrose
d. rafinose

259. Prostaglandins are synthesized from:

a. oleic
b. stearic

c. essential fatty acid

d. non-essential fatty acids

260. Amino acid at an isoelectric point exists as:

a. acid
b. base

c. zwitterions
d. all of the above

B
B

261. The color of the skin, hair and eyes due to pigment called:
a. cyctochrome
c. keratin
b. melanin
d. heparin
262. Starches are partially digested in the mouth by:
a. protease
c. pepsinogen
b. ptyalin
d. pepsin

263. The only element in living matter from strong multiple bonds readily are:
a. oxygen
c. carbon
b. nitrogen
d. all of the above

264. Serotonin, a neurotransmitter is derived from amino acid:

a. tryptophan
c. tyrosine
b. threonine
d. phenylalanine

265. Alkaline hydrolysis of fat:

a. saponofication
b. corticosteroids
c. bile acids

d. glucocortoids
e. all of the above

266. The main center of biosynthesis of nucleic acid is the:

a. cell wall
c. nucleus
b. cytoplasm
d. none of the above

267. Normal pH of the blood:

a. 7.4-7.5
b. 6.6-6.9

c. 5.5-5.6
d. 4.8-8

268. Known as good cholesterol:

a. HDL
b. ergocalciferol

c. ACTH
d. LDL

269. Optimum temperature for enzyme activity in the body:

a. 40C
c. 10C
b. 60C
d. 0C

270. Blood minus its cellular components:

a. plasma
b. serum

c. hemoglobin
d. fibrin

271. Which of the following is NOT an amino acid:

a. leucine
b. choline

c. valine
d. lysine

272. Are globular proteins, except:

a. collagen
b. serum albumins

c. serum globulins
d. hemoglobin

273. The precursor of vitamin A is:

a. arachidonic acid
b. isoprene

c. naphtoquinone
d. carotene

274. Are fibrous proteins, except:

a. keratin
b. histones

c. elastin
d. collagen

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275. A type of antibodies that plays an importance role in allergic response which causes anaphylactic shock,
hayfever and asthma:
a. IgA
c. IgE
b. IgM
d. IgG

276. An inherited disease that affect red blood cells

a. albenism
b. hyperglycemia

c. sickle cell anemia

d. hypoglycemia

277. Are esters of fatty acids with glycerol:

a. phospholipids
b. glycolipids

c. waxes
d. fats

278. The metallic salt of a high fatty acid:

a. soap
b. detergent

c. inorganic salt
d. glycerin

279. The following are enzymes found in pancreatic juice, except:

a. papain
c. chymotrypsin
b. trypsin
d. carboxypolypepticase

280. The following are pathological constituents of urine, except:

a. glucose
c. creatinine
b. albumin
d. blood
281. All of the following carbohydrates are considered to be polysaccharide,except:
a. heparin
c. glycogen
b. starch
d. maltose

282. Which of the following hormones promotes rapid glycogenolysis in both liver and muscle?
a. ACTH
c. epinephrine
b. glutamine
d. proclactin

283. Fruity odor of urine is indicative of acetone bodies, a diagnostic value in case of acidosis in:
a. diabetes insipidus
c. cretinism
b. porphyria
d. diabetes milletus

284. Rotation of polarized light is caused by solutions of all of the following amino acids, except:
a. alanine
c. leucine
b. glycine
d. valine

285. The precursor of vitamin D3:

a. ergosterol
b. stigmasterol

c. 7-dehydrocholesterol
d. cholesterol

286. The enzyme present in the stomach which hydrolyzes proteins:

a. trypsin
c. amylopsin
b. pepsin
d. enterokinase

287. The reaction that takes place in ctoplasm

a. aerobic
b. anaerobic

c. oxidation
d. reduction

288. Compounds of protein with a carbohydrate component:

a. lipoproteins
c. glycoproteins
b. phosphoproteins
d. nucleoproteins

289. What amino acid functions as a hormone?

a. valine
b. leucine

c. alanine
d. thyroxine

290. The pathway that occurs in the mitochondria.

a. urea cycle
b. citric acid cycle

c. glycolysis
d. fatty acid cycle

291. Carbohydrates that cannot be hydrolyzed to compounds with simpler molecules.

a. oligosaccharides
c. monosaccharides
b. disaccharides
d. polysaccharides

292. In the metabolism of protein, the liver

a. synthesizes amino acid

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b. breaks down amino acid

d. stores amino

293. What is the stage of glucose oxidation that requires oxygen?

a. anaerobic
c. catabolic
b. aerobic
d. anabolic

294. An important protein in contractile muscle.

a. keratin
b. myosin

c. elastin
d. fibrin

295. Which is the main constituent of the group substance in the connective tissues?
a. heparin
c. hyaluronic acid
b. fructosan
d. mannosan

296. Raffinose, an important non-reducing sugar is a:

a. monosacchride
b. disaccharide

c. trisaccharide
d. tetrasaccharide

297. Non-protein molecules that are often associated with proteins are called
a. prosthetic group
c. zwitterions
b. side chain
d. casein

298. They are chemical messengers

a. hormones
b. enzymes

c. vitamins
d. amino acids

299. It is a polysaccharide
a. lactose
b. maltose

c. amylase
d. fructose

300. Which sugar contains an aldehyde group?

a. ketose
b. aldose

c. sorbitol
d. mannitol

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