Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
by Geurt Gijssen
All the King's Horses
From the 2nd until the 9th of May there was a very interesting
tournament in Arnhem (Netherlands). It was a double round robin
tournament and the participants were Korchnoy, Sadler, Nijboer
and Xie Jun. For several reasons, I will remember this tournament
for a very long time.
There were 12 games in this tournament and there were only 3
draws. I think that 75% of the games being decided is really
remarkable. I will also remember that Korchnoy did not draw at
all; he won four games and analysed these games very extensively
with his opponents, but he disappeared immediately after his two
lost games (Sadler and Xie Jun beat him).
But strangely enough one of the three drawn games was probably
the most interesting one. I refer to the game Nijboer-Sadler, played
in the fifth round. . After 63...Nxb6 the
following position
appeared on the board
(See Diagram):
White: Ka5; pawn - f4
Black: Kc5, Nb6, Nf5
Players familiar with endgame study literature will recognise
immediately one of the positions described by Troitzky and
Ch ron. Donner Also wrote about this ending; you may find his
lengthy article in "The King".
Nijboer took a second scoresheet and wrote "114". Sadler came to
me and asked me how many moves he has for this ending. I
informed him that he had 50 moves.
The literature indicates that this ending is won when the pawn is
blocked on one of the following squares: a5, b3, c4, d5, e5, f4, g3,
h5. So one of the conditions to win this ending is already fulfilled.
The "only" problem is to mate the white king within 50 moves.
I am not a strong chess player, but I understood that the initial
position was very good for white, because the white king is already
at the edge of the board. In the game continuation, Black forced the
white king to a8 (very good), then to h8 (not good) and finally to
h2 (but too late).
After 113... Ne3 the position was (See Diagram):
White:
Black:
Kh2; pawn - f4
Kf3, Ne3, Nf2
The text of Article 9.3(b) is: The game is drawn, upon a correct
claim by the player having the move, if the last 50 consecutive
moves have been made by each player without the movement of
any pawn and without the capture of any piece.
Recently I received several letters on the same subject.
Question: Dear Mr. Gijssen: Let me first congratulate you on your
unique and highly interesting column! I am curious about the
current status of the rule that stated "if 50 consecutive moves occur
without a capture or pawn move, the game is drawn". I believe
computer analysis has shown that endgames previously thought
drawn are now known to be winning, e.g.:
(a) R + B vs. R Win in 56 moves at most. (b) B + N vs. N Win,
there is no fortress defence as thought earlier.
My source for (a) and (b) is Jon Speelman's book "Endgame
Preparation", (1989 reprint). He says that in both the above
positions, the attacker has 100 moves to win.
I would be grateful if you could clarify the rule. Also, has any win
been found in the ending 2 knights versus lone king? Santhosh
Matthew (India)
Answer: In the FIDE Laws of Chess, published in 1984 and 1988,
you will find that the 50-move rule is extended to 75 moves for the
following positions:
(a) King + Rook + Bishop against King + Rook; (b) King + 2
Knights against King + pawn; (c) King + Queen + pawn one square
from promotion against King + Queen; (d) King + Queen against
King + 2 Knights; (e) King + Queen against King + 2 Bishops; and
(f) King + 2 Bishops against King + Knight
In 1992 during the FIDE Congress in Manila the Rules Committee
suggested establishing one rule for all endings: 50 moves. The
General Assembly of FIDE approved this. The same happened in
1996 during the congress in Yerevan.
I would like to mention that the Laws of Chess apply to over-theboard-play. This means, for instance, that study composers may
ignore the 50-move rule.
Concerning your last question, it is still impossible to mate a King
with two lone Knights. By the way, there is a nice story about this
ending. In the Zurich 1953 Candidates tournament this ending
appeared on the board in the game Kotov - Najdorf. After move 50
the following position arose (See Diagram:
White:
Black: