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Military Modernization and Capacity

Building in the Philippines and Viet Nam

Emeritus Professor Carlyle A. Thayer


Presentation to
6th International Conference on the South China Sea
Center for Strategic and International Studies
Washington, D.C.
July 12, 2016

1. Background
The Philippines
1995 Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP)
Modernization Act
2012 Revised AFP Modernization Act
Minimum deterrence

Viet Nam
Major procurements from Russia 1994-1998
Gradual naval and air modernization 2004-present

2. South East Asia Defence Spending as


Proportion of GDP

Viet Nam
Philippines

Source: Australia, Defence Intelligence Organisation,


Defence Economic Trends in the Asia-Pacific 2015

South East Asia Defence Spending as a


Proportion of Government Spending

Viet Nam
Philippines

Source: Australia, Defence Intelligence Organisation,


Defence Economic Trends in the Asia-Pacific 2015

South East Asia Defence Budgets


in U.S. Dollars

Viet Nam

Philippine
s

Source: Australia, Defence Intelligence Organisation,


Defence Economic Trends in the Asia-Pacific 2015

3. Force Modernization
Philippines Navy

5 Balikpapan-class LCH

PF-15 BRP Gregorio Del Pilar OPV

South Korea Donates


Pohang-class Corvette

Force Modernization
Philippines Air Force

12 FA-50PH South Korean


Lead-In Fighter Trainers
Canadian Bell-412eP Combat
Utility and Italian AW-109E
Attack Helicopters

4. Force Modernization Viet Nam

14 Project 1241 Molniya Corvettes


8 Svetlyak-class Fast Attack
Craft

S-300 PMU1 (SA-10 Grumble)

6 Gepard Guided
Missile Frigates

Gradual Force Modernisation

12 Su-27s and
36 Su-30 MKKs

Bastion Anti-Ship Missile

Israeli EXTRA
Extended Range Artillery Rocket

Gradual Force Modernisation


Vietnam has taken delivery of
five Enhanced Kilo-class
submarines: HQ 182 Hanoi, HQ
183 Ho Chi Minh City, HQ 184
Hai Phong, HQ 185 Khanh Hoa
and HQ 186 Da Nang; the sixth
HQ 187 Vung Tau Ba Ria to be
delivered this year

Viet Nam Worlds 8th Largest Importer


of Major Weapons, 201115

Source: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, Fact Sheet February 2016

BrahMos Cruise Missile?


Surface
Land
Air
Under Sea

U.S. Southeast Asia


Maritime Security Initiative

Philippines
Largest recipient of maritime security assistance
($79m in FY 2015) and MSI $41m 2016
Training and logistical bases for PN and CG
PAF ability to conduct maritime operations
Naval maintenance, fleet upgrades, interdiction
vessels, communications, aircraft procurement
Excess Defense Articles (third USCG Cutter)

U.S. Southeast Asia


Maritime Security Initiative

Viet Nam
Maritime Program Assistance $19.6m FY 2015
Maritime Intelligence, Surveillance and
Reconnaissance (ISR)
Increase Maritime Program Assistance to
$20.5m FY 2016
International Trafficking in Arms Regulations
(ITAR) lifted

U.S. Foreign Military Financing

Military Modernization and Capacity


Building in the Philippines and Viet Nam

Emeritus Professor Carlyle A. Thayer


Presentation to
6th International Conference on the South China Sea
Center for Strategic and International Studies
Washington, D.C.
July 12, 2016

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