Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Economics / finances
Oil prices increase, stock
market, concept that there is
a bigger gap between
wealthy and poor
Travel
-excessive concern
-living in cities (high levels of
pollution) results in
respiratory illness
-skin cancer (hole in Ozone
layer)
-division between poor and
rich
-shows inequality (in the
distribution of wealth = some
people will have limited
opportunities)
-can be expensive
-can be dangerous (people
taking advantage of tourists)
-language barriers
-terrorism
-diseases, puts people at risk
-fear as a result of perceiving
lack of security.
seatbelts)
Identify the relationship between successfully managing these developmental aspects and
establishing good health
- if changing roles are not effectively managed = person never developing a sense of
ones self and not becoming independent or maturing into adulthood effectively
- can result in family break down and conflict as child tries to become more
independent (rebelling and refusing to conform to rules)
- moving through this phase of developing self identity, if managed positively can allow
young people to discover strengths and potential for personal growth.
- Becomes negative when young people question ability to achieve, and devalues
personal growth
DO AUSTRALIAS YOUNG PEOPLE ENJOY GOOD HEALTH?
Epidemiology of the health of young people
In 2001 most young people in Australia felt they were in good health and had a good
quality of life
- 76% of young Australians aged between 15 17 and 59% of those aged between
18 24 years rated their health as excellent or very good.
- Just over 80% of young people were delighted, pleased or mostly satisfied with their
quality of life. Only 4% saw their lives as unhappy or terrible.
Death rates declined for both males and females between 1982 2001 in the 12 24
age bracket.
- of all Australians who died in 2001, only 1% were young people aged 12 24 yrs. Of
these 74% were male and 26% were female. Most of the deaths among young
people were of those aged 18 24 years (motor vehicle accidents)
Injury and poisoning was the main cause of death among young people with transport
accidents, and suicide being the most prevalent.
- injury and poisoning were the cause of just over 70% of all deaths in the 12 24 in
2001 almost 80% were male. Of deaths cuased by injury and poisoning 46% were
transport accidents and 30% were suicide.
Most common cause of hospitalization for young people was pregnancy and childbirth
(19%) followed by injury to young males (15%) mental and behavioural disorders (9%)
Hospitalisations of young people for mental disorders increased between 1996, 1997,
2000, and 2001 rate.
- rates were highest for young people aged 18 24
the most common causes of hospitalization for mental disorders among young people
were depression, schizophrenia, reaction to servere stress and eating disorders.
- most eating disorder hospitalizations were for females, and most schizophrenia
hospitalizations were for males.
Respiratory conditions, including colds, asthma and bronchitis were the most frequent
cause of young people visiting the GP followed by contraception needs, sporting
injuries and acne.
An increasing number of young Australians are being affected by sexually transmitted
diseases.
- most common among young people is Chlamydia and Gonorrhoea.
- The rate of Chlamydia has increased by more than 3 times between 1991 and 2001.
- The rate of Gonorrhoea has increased by 5 times between 1991 and 2001
- Infections from Syphilis decreased by 56% between 1991 and 2001
Motor vehicle accidents (driver, passengers, pedestrians and other road users)
Definition of risk taking = can refer to both positive or socially approved behaviours e.g. rock
climbing can have negative effects. Or negative deviant behaviours (drink driving, speeding
etc.) For young people, risk taking behaviours concerned negative driving behaviour,
substance abuse STI (unprotected sexual activity) and criminal activity.
Statistics of drivers and motorcycle riders in fatal crashes mostly all males
Year
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
Under 17
4
7
7
2
6
17 20
105
109
95
88
85
21 - 25
98
113
85
73
96
Total
207
229
187
163
187
Trends decrease as a result of health promotion and awareness of safe driving (Youth
Road Safety in NSW rta) and graduated licensing scheme (Provisional licenses and
alcohol restrictions)
- young drivers are over represented in crashes
- people under 26 make only 15% of driver liscences, but are involved in over 36% of
road fatalities. (lack of experience, young = more likely to participate in risky
behaviours)
- Main reason that young drivers have accidents is because of Speeding (attempt to in
order to impress peers)
- Having passengers in the car alters the way a person drives (can distract, and alter
the weight and composition of the car)
- Males are more likely to be involved in fatal accidents (always trying to prove their
masculinity to others, where as it isn't necessary for females, also have more risk
taking behaviours and consuming alcohol)
- Driving safely involves being able to physically control the car, understand the road
rules, possess the mental maturity to make safe decisions, must be mentally alert,
and have the ability to stop revive and survive.
The extent of
impact
Groups of
young people
most at risk
Major related
social factors