An Elementary Grammar of The Coorg Language

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AN ELEMENTARY GRAMMAR
R. A. Cole
Im
Published on demand by
UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS
University Microfilms Limited, High Wycomb, England
A Xerox Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan, US.A.
This is an authorized facsimile of the original book, and

was produced in 1972 by microfilm-xerography by University
Microfilms, A Xerox Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A.
SSOS ijjjp an Ol.: .Vy ,, j j _.., ;
ELEMENTARY GRAMMAR
OF THE
COOftG LANGUAGE.
BY
CAPTAIN R. A. COLE,
SUPERINTEltDENT OF COOBQ.
BANGALORE :
PRINTED AT WESLEYAN MISSION PRESS,
1867.
Ulv.UbraryfUC Santa Cruz 2002
PL
CO 5"
r
ci
V-
DEDICATED
$mtt0Stolt
LEWIN BENTHAM BOWRING, Esq,

COMMISSIONER
op
MYSORE AND COORG,
TO WHOM I AI SO MUCH ISBEBID FOB TH1 0P0RIU51TIE8
AFFORDED IB TO OUT THE ORIGIN OF IBB
OF COORCS.
'
- ,
CONTENTS.
' '
..
Introduction,
Alphabet,
The Noun,
...
...
Nouns of Relationship,
Number,
...
...
Declension of Nouns,
Cases,
...
...
1st. Declension,
2nd.
3rd.
...
4th.
6th.
...
Nouns of Quality,
...
Verbal Nouns,
...
Adjectives,
Pronouns,
...
Personal Pronouns,
Demonstrative
Reciprocal Pronouns, ...
Indeterminate,
Numeral,
...
.,.
Pronouns of Quality,
Interrogative Pronouns,
Verbs,
AtllXCSj
**
1st. Conjugation,
2nd.
,,
8rd.
...
4ih.
,
Causal Verbs,
Passire .,
Irregular
...
>
...
...
#
...
Ml
f*
Iff
ft.
*t
It*
*
...
...
#
a*
...
...
...
...
*
...
**
...
1
2
3
4
4
5
7
7
9
11
13
13
U
15
ib
10
18
a
#
...
*.
If*
Ml
...

...
...
XV
N
#'
***
Page.
i
...
19
ib
ib
21
22
23
29'
35
38
l
4?
ib
II
Adverbs,
...
...
...
...
... 46
Prepositions,
...
...
...
...
49
Conjunctions,
...
. ...
...
... ib
Interjections,
...
...
...
...
60
Particles,
...
...
...
...

Vocabulary,
...
...
...
... 61 to 71
Kevenue Terms,
...
...
...
72
Judicial do.
...
...
...
74
Fruits, &c,
...
...
...
... 89
Numbers, Measures, &c,
...
...
...
93
Samples of a " Travel talk" in comparison with other
languages of Southern India, ...
...
... 95
Fragment of an English and Coorg Dictionary,
116
Idiomatic Sentences,
...
...
...
... 129
Cardinal Numbers,
...
...
...
133
Ordinal
...
...
...
. ... 135
Months,
...
...
...
...
135
Days,
...
...
...
...
... 136
.1
PREFACE.
In the early part of 1 865 I was appointed to the acting charge of
the Province of Coorg, in the room of Mr. W. H. Kerr, of the Madras
Civil service, who had to leave on account of ill-health j and my first
duty was to proceed on Jummahundy, or the Annual Revenue Settle
ment, to the picturesque Talook of Paddy Nalkanadu, which lies
along the verge of the Western Ghauts, from the lofty summits of
which the whole of the Caara country is visible and the blue waters
of the Indian Ocean beyond.
This Talook is the very stronghold of the Coorgs, and I found
that many of them could not speak Canarese, the official language,
but only a dialect, which I could not understand. The officials also,
when desirous of making remarks to each other, used to employ this
dialect ; and I determined on trying to acquire it too. I was, however,
much taken aback on learning that it was a mere spoken patois, and
that Dr. Moegling, the celebrated German missionary, to whom
the cause of Education in Coorg is so much indebted, had given up
the attempt to learn the language, owing to the difficulty of conveying
the exact pronunciation of the words. I have, however, made an
attempt by giving the Canarese letters for the written portion of this
hitherto unknown dialect, and the Roman alphabet for the con
veyance of the several peculiarities in the pronunciation. The at
tempt, poor as it is, has been persevered in and \s offered to the
philologist, better acquainted with the cognate languages of India,
to decide as to what language or languages it has been derived
from ; and thereby ascertain, if possible, the origin if this peculiar
and most interesting race of Avarlike Mountaineers.
Before, however, proceeding to offer a few remarks on the phi
lological part of the subject, it may be of use and interest to give
some account of the Province itself, to many a terra incognita, even
in India. No account could be better given than in the language of
the eminent Missionary, to whom I have already alluded. The folowing account, taken from his " Memories of Coorg," will be found
most graphic and interesting.
vanish. Now they flash up brighter than ever, as if this world of

phosphoric lustre was animated by pulsations keeping regular time.
You sit and think you could sit all night beholding the fairy scene.
I have seen nothing to be compared with these dissolving views, ex
cept perhaps the phosphoric splendour of our tropical seas, when un
der a soft breeze your boat glides through the placid waters in a
starlight night, throwing out large furrows to the right and left
sparkling with myriads of blue lights, which spread strange bright
ness around the dark vessel, and gather again in its wake, forming
as long line of radiancy to mark its course over the deep.
The thunderstorms during this season are often magnificent.
The war of the elements is carried on here in grander style than in
the low country. Banks and mountains of clouds move against each
other with the order of armies. The sound of heavy cannon is heard
from a distance, solitary discharges of the electric fluid shoot through
the gloom. Now whole batteries are brought into action, deafening
thunders roll over your head, and your eye shuts involuntarily against
the dazzling brilliancy of the fire bolts. At last both hosts engage
in close combat. The roar of artillery is heard at greater intervals,
the lightnings lose their intense and fearful glare, and the rain pours
down in torrents.
Towards the end of May the clouds take up a firm position in
the Western sky and grow in strength. In June the rapport between
the Western Sea and the atmosphere of Coorg is fully established.
Bain prevails, descending at times softly, but more frequently with
great violence under heavy gusts of wind. In the beginning of July
the great atmospheric rain-battery seems to be in perfect working
order. As fast as the sea can raise its steam, and the strong West
wind carry the thick masses over the narrow strip of intervening low
country to the heights of Coorg, the rain pours down in floods, day
and night, in heavy monsoons, with few intervals, all July and Au
gust. The clouds seem to be inexhaustible, the rain eternal. A
greater quantity of water descends upon Coorg in one week of these
two months, than upon many countries of Europe during a whole
year. A flat country would be deluged. But the Coorg Bills after
being throughly bathed from head to foot, send the ministering
floods, controlled by the steep banks of the rivers, to the East and
West, and stand forth in their ancient strength and beauty, when
the curtain of the monsoon is withdrawn. The yearly fall of rain in

Coorg often exceeds 160 inches. In September the sun breaks
through the dense atmosphere. In October tbe North-east wind,
strong and cold, gains the ascendency and clears the sky ; in Novem however it often carries heavy clouds from the Eastern coasts
which discharge themselves in showers upon Coorg. The greater
part of December is foggy, but towards the end of tlie mouth the
weather becomes delightful, clear and fresh, in the mornings and
evenings often too cold to be pleasant."
As may be excepted from the preceding account, the tempera
ture of Coorg is moderate and equable. The daily variation of the
thermometer within doors does not exceed 0 or 8, often not more
than 2. It seldom rises higher than 74 or falls below 60, in the
open air. Daring the dry season the range is a little higher ; the
daily extremes are from 62 or 63 to 68 or 70. The annual ex
tremes are probably 80 and 82. The maximum height of the baro
meter occurs during the dry weather, when the mercury stands at
26.220 and the lowest in July, when it falls to 25.912 The mean
daily range is .050. The diurnal maximum occurs at 10 . . the
minimum at 5 f. . The climate of Coorg, accordingly, especially
in the more elevated and open situations, is pleasant and salubrious,
not much inferior, some think, to that of the Ncilgherries. The
average temperature is about 60, the most favourable to health.
The nights are cool throughout the year. You are able to take ex
ercise in the open air at all hours almost all the year round, Euro
pean children in particular enjoy excellent health, and their rosy
cheeks contrast most favourably with the pale faces of those of the
low country. Though the atmosphere is for a great part of the year
loaded with moisture, yet on account of the equability of tempera
ture rheumatic affections, coughs, colds, etc., are comparatively
rare. With asthmatic affections, chronic disorders of the liver, and
dysenteric complaints, the rarified, often cold and damp air of Mer
cara, the European head-quarters, docs not, of course agree ; but
Fraserpett, on the eastern frontier of Coorg, situated at a distance
of only twenty miles, and 1,300 feet lower than Mercara, affords a
considerable and salutary change.
The climate of the valleys, however, particularly during the
hot months preceding the monsoon, when as the natives say, the
8
old and the new waters are mixed, is far from healthy. Fevers, agues
and bowel complaints are then very frequent. For the rest of the
year, the natives of the country pronounce the cilmate to be excellent.
[It is worthy of note, that the time succeeding the rains, which in
many parts of India is the most unhealthy season of the year, has
no danger to health in Coorg] The account which natives of My
sore or from the Western Coast give of the climate of Coorg is much
more unfavourable. They have experience on their side. Of the
large numbers of people, whom Tippu sent from Mysore to replace
the ancient inhabitants, or who, during the various wars, forcibly
carried o(F by the Coorg Rajahs from Mysore, to cultivative their
lands in Coorg, not many survived the change. Nor do the natives
of the Western Coast, who immigrate into Coorg, ever become com
pletely inured to the climate of their new home.
The entire country consists of a succession of lofcy narrow rid
ges, having valleys of various extent between them. The ridges lie
parallel to each other, commencing in general with a steep abutment
to the westward, and running in the general direction of the western
ghatts and of the North- nrestern monsoon, i e from North-west to
South-east, until they terminate in the plains of Mysore and
Wynad. Of these numerous ridges the following are the most
remarkable:
The first to the Northward rises above the Bisli ghatt, and ter
minates at the Kaveri, near Ramasawaruy Kanawe, and is of no great
elevation. It separates the districts of Yelusavira Shime to the
North from the rest of Coorg.
Next to this, with the table-land of Somavarapett intervening,
is a ridge, the western extremity of which commences by a remark
ably bluff peak of great elevation, called Pushpagiri or Subrhmanya
as a landmark, and which is considered a most holy place, the abode
of gods and rishis, too holy indeed for a common mortal to set his
foot upon it. The Hindus are consequenly afraid of ascending the
peak. The scenery round its base is bold, rocky and grand, and to
wards Somavarapett, it becomes exceedingly picturesque, forming a
succession of beautiful grassy downs, open glades, und clumps of
forest-trees, resembling the finest park-scenery in Europe.
The next ridge in succession has three rather marked rocky
peaks, the sides of which slope abruptly to the North and South, inte
g
two deep valleys, through which ran the branches of the Svarnavati,
or Haringi river. The scenery here also is very pleasing.
After this comes the table-land of Mercara, which is terminated
on the South, by a sharp declivity of 500 or fiOO feet, forming the
northern boundary of the great valley between Mercara and Nalkanadu. The valley is about 18 miles in length by 13 miles in breadth,
and consists of a succession of low narrow ridges, with fertile valleys
interposed. The lowest and central valley forms the bed of the river
Kaveri. At the north-west angle of this valley there is a break in
the line of ghatts, forming, what i* called, the Sampaji valley
which leads by a gradual slope into the low country. An excellent
road has been constructed on this line, by which Mercara and Mangalore are connected. The southern termination of the valley, how
ever, becomes abrupt, a ridge in the direction rising suddenly to the
height of about 1,000 feet; and on the west it plunges still more
suddenly into Malabar, by a fall of between 4,000 and 5,000 feet.
It is crowned by several peaks, the most remarkable of which is the
Tadianda Mol, the highest point in Coorg. [Mol means hill, moun
tain.]
A continuation of the valley to the South-east leads into the ta
look of Kiggattnd, which is of considerable extent, but much over
grown with jungle. Further to the south-east rise the Brahmagiri
mountains, which form the boundary of the country in this direction.
They are of great height, covered with forest trees, and abound with
game. Like the other mountains of Coorg, their ridgo on the
top is very narrow.
The aspect of Coorg presents an entire forest. The long and nar
row cultivated valleys enchased in it, serve but to render the vast woods
more striking. The whole fthe eastern boundary exhibits analmost uninterrupted and impervious forest from the Brahmagiri Hills
to the banks of the Kaveri. This tract is wholly uninhabited. Ad
vancing westward, the woods decrease in density as the country im
proves in cultivation, and become gradually thinner, till they reach
the western ridges, the summits of which are partially bare of wood,
and clothed with a luxuriant herbage. South of Yrariijndrapett
the jungle become less impenetrable, and the whole of Kigattndu,
with the exception of the Eastern parts, including the Brahmagiri
mountains, is comparitivcly open, at least when contrasted with the
10
deep forests of the contiguous districts. Approaching to the North,
the thick umbrageous woods of the central parts give way to the date,
sandal and other trees, and shrubs of more meagre soil, leaving
Yelusavirashime an almost perfectly champaign country.
But a small portion of the summits of the ghatts is free from
jungle. Their western face is covered with a continued forest of im
mense stature, partially subsiding at some distance from their base.
Still wood is the unvaried feature of these regions. The general as
pect of the country varies considerably in the different districts. In
the vicinity of Smavurapett the hills are gently rounded, alternat
ing with sloping glades, intersperssd with clumps of forest trees.
Near Mercara the hills are closer together, and more abrupt, the
ravines deeper and wilder, and the jungle in the hollows much thick
er. South of Mercara the country, seen from a distance, appears
covered with wood, the only naked spots being the rice fields of the
alleys ; on descending into it, however, it is found to contain nu
merous open spaces, the woods being neither very dense nor very
lofty. The scenery along the ridge of the ghatts to the westward is
very beautiful, and may well compete with the Nilagiri ; it is bold
and varied in a high degree, the vegetation of the richest description
and the forest trees of magnificent growth. The valleys, though
varying iu extent and depth, having the same general direction, i. e.
from North-west to South-east, with the prevailing winds, the tem
perature of the country is thereby considerably moderated and render
ed equable.
The waters of Coorg, as has been observed above, fall into the
sea, washing both coasts of the Peninsula, the Kaveri with its tribu
taries flowing into the Bay of Bengal, while the rest, after a short
and rapid course to the Western Coast, are lost in the Indian Ocean.
Coorg has, of course, no large river. Even the Kaveri has
neither breadth nor depth during the dry seasons. Still they have
generally an abundant and constant supply of water. Their sources
being high up in the mountains, and the whole country almost con- '
sisting of steeps declivities, the streams are impelled with rapidity.
The minor streams intersecting Coorg, vary only in size, which de-'
pends upon the length of their course, their general characteristics'
being the same. They swell in the early part of June and flow with
a violent and boisterous rapidity till October, when they gradually

diminish and become placid. The Western monsoon carries into the
Hills of Coorg such a flood of water, that during its prevalence small
rills, out of which a thirsty horse in April does not stoop to drink,
rise into streams impassable for days. Every rivulet roughens into
a wild torrent. With the monsoon all these rivers disappear and
leave only small streams partially to occupy the immense chasms
lately filled to the brim by the floods of the rainy season.
Of the rivers, that flow to the westward, the Barpolle is the
most considerable. It rises in Kiggattnd, and through rocky ravi
nes, in one of which it forms a superb cascade two or three hundred
feet high, flows along the base of the hills, by the Heggada pase,
where it is known as the Stony River, and disembogues itself into
the sea to the North of Cannanore.
The Kaveri, however, is the Queen of the Coorg waters. With
its tributary the Kaveri drains nearly four fifths of the country. It
rises in the Brahmagiri range, near the top of a hill, on the very
verge of the Western Ghatts. Two streams, indeed, rise together
at Tala Kaveri, where there is a temple of gr<;at celebrity among the
people of the Kodagu, the Taulava and the Malayalam countriesj but
the Kanake, after a short run, joins the Kaveri again at Bhagamandala, a confluence marked likewise by some renowned temples. The
Kaveri, as will be seen from the legend to be given in the following
pages, is the holiest ofrivers. The Ganges itself, that is the divinity
of it, resorts to the all purifying floods of the Kaveri once a year, in
Tulamasa (October November) to wash away the pollution contract
ed from the crowds of sinners, who bathe in her waters.
Descending through the great valley between Mercara and Nalkand, the Kaveri makes a sudden turn to the North, and flows for
twenty or thirty miles along the Eastern frontier, receiving in its
course several large tributaries, the principal of which is the Svarnavati, which drains the northern part of the country, and enters the
Kaveri between Fraserpett and Ramasawmi-Kanave. Another large
tributary of the Kaveri, is the Lakshmana-tirtha, which rises at the
foot of the Brahmagiri, flows north-East into Mysore and joins the
Kaveri in the talook of Mysore, a few miles from a village, which
bears the name of Lakshamana-tirtha-katte. Also the Hcmvati
which is the northern boundry of Coorg, is absorbed by the Kaveri,
into which it falls in the Yedatorc talook of Mysore near the village
12
of Tippur. The Kaveri is not rapid in any part of its course through
Coorg. Its current, with the exception of a few passages, where it
traverses beds of granite rock, is generally tranquil. In the dry searon it is fordable at almost all points. But during the monsoon it
runs by Fraserpett, for instance, in a stream two hundred and twenty
to thirty feet deep."
The foregoing is an accurate and graphic description of the
picturesque country, in which this hitherto unwritten Dialect is
spoken by a peculiar and interesting race of people who, from their
personal appearance and general habits and customs, would appear
to have a distinct origin from the population both of Mysore and of
the adjoining districts of Caara and Malaylam on the western
coast ;and it is with the view of tracing their origin that I have
been principally induced to venture on my labours and to offer this
production for the consideration of those philologists, better able to
draw such conclusions.
In conclusion I would offer a few remarks on the peculiar pro.
nounciation in this dialect, which has been most difficult to convey,
and on the apparent affinity of some of the words to other languages
in Southern India.
I am aware that the Coorgs form but a very small portion of the
population of Southern India, and that any knowledge of this dialect
can never prove of any general use or importance ; but it appears to
me highly interesting and advisable, if not, indeed, imperative on
the part of the Government, to trace out the affinity of such dialects
to their cognate languages, and thereby throw a light on the origin
and history of those minor races of India, which are fast disappearing
or being swallowed up, amongst their more powerful and numer
ous neighbours.
The Coorgs themselves form an exemplification of these remarks.
They arc a small, but hardy, race, occupying a very limited tract of
country. They were subjugated and their Rajahs were Lingayetsand foreigners ; but as yet they have preserved their nationality intact.
Their costumes, their manners and customs are peculiar and different
from those of the , occupying the adjoining countries. They
strongly object to any interference on the part of brahmins, and their
religion is as simple and pure as any heathen religion can be. Children
I*
of the forests and mountains, placing an implicit belief in the legend
of the origin of the rise of the Kaveri from the midst of their moun
tain homes, and in the power of those sylvan deities, which are suppo
sed to occupy and rule over their dark and impenetrable forests, their
religion but represents what ours was j when our ancestors roamed
about the wilds of England, clad in the skins of wild beasts, before
the gradual march of civilization and the light of true religion had
so raised us above the other races of the world.
Such as we were in a still nearer period the Coorgs are now j and
to our civilization and enlightenment are they fast approaching,
thanks to the beneficence of our rule and to the exertions of those
able and zealous men, who, by furthering the cause of education,
hare best promoted the interests of their Saviour.
I am much indebted to It. Belliapah, the Dep. Clerk of my
Office, for much valuable aid and assistance in carrying out this
work.
The peculiar difficulty of the dialect consists in the pronounciation of some of its vowels. The chief of which is the peculiar sound
given to the vowel in most of the words, in which that vowel is to
be found. The pronounciation is as near as possible to that given
to m in the word creature, and I have designated it as a half or
silent u, and had wished to have it caused to be written in the
Canarese character as follows dJ " and to have denoted it in the
Roman character by placing a dot under the vowel ; but the Press was
not able to do so. This vowel has also another peculiar pronouncia
tion, chiefly occurring in the Dative case in the affix of that case.
This pronounciation is almost like that given by the French to eu in
the word queue.
In many of the words, which are similar to corresponding words
in the Canarese language, the initial si ha of the Canarese is changed
to $pha, as Can. ^,, a flower, becomes in the Coorg dialect "&>$) ;
but this must be looked upon as a mere dialectic difference. To enable
a comparison to be more clearly made between the Coorg dialect and
other languages, I have drawn up a number of idiomatic sentences,
containing pure Coorg words ; and, under each word is entered its
equivalent in other languages, if such equivalent is of the same sound
or origin.

On comparing these sentences and words it will be seen that the
Coorg words show a great affinity to the Tamul and Malayalum, and
in many instances to the Canarese, especially in the " Hale Kannadi "
or old Canarese. Literal changes are so similar in many languages
and so numerous in old Canarese that they would be no evidence of
distinct origin. P. and A. are almost always interchangeable ; I and*
( and d) are often so. With these remarks I would commend my
efforts to those more acquainted with the subject to trace out both the
origin of the dialect and of these peculiar and interesting moun
taineers.
Filaserpett,
3rd August, 1867.
R. A. COLE,
8upt. of Coorg.
-, - .
1. THE ALPHABET.
xr
Aa already stated in the Preface, the Coorg Dialect has hitherto been
only a spoken one, and I have adopted the Canareee character for the lan
guage, using the Boman character to convey the sound, or pronunciation.
2. Vowels.
Short W a,
4 i,
oo u,
ob ri,
e,
ft. o,
Long t d,
4 {,
tnf, ta fi,
/,
Si ,
Diphthongs
ex,
S3 ou,
The following are either vowels or consonants, m, n or , ac
cording to position, and % aha.
3. Twenty-Jive Classified Consonant*. "
Unaspirated.
pirated.
*
tf ka
t cha
63 (a
Ufa
T ta
t pa
Aspirated.
Initial
forme.
Medial
Correspond
and final ing Englis]
forms.
Characters.
**
<
en
sha
d
S3
>
h
*?
gj l'a
a
d
i
i
ri
e
ex
0

ou
S>
Si kha
?>
fS dicha
t ha
(ha
t tha
$ pha
UnnspirateJ.
Unaspirated.
A%\ '
Aspirated.
Nial
%i. gha
t"
83 gna.
et
<p
Kbpjha
t dha
.
.
t dha
.
$ bha
4. Nine unclassified Consonants.
Od) ya, d ra, O la, t va, U sha, t sha, 73 a, t , f/. '
The Compound Lettish g- sAe, Compounded of rf Ae, and 01 sha.
TABULAR VIEW OF THE ALPHABET.
6. Vowels
Guttural Clase
Palatal
Cerebral
Dental
Labial
X fa
a
ja
aja
t da
t da

ha
Power of
the vowels.
Examples of Consonants
and rowels uuited.
like a in about
. d fa'
tf
X
t Aim
_ deep
t
t
oo wool
.t
oo cool
creature
and tu becomes tf ka
ef
vo kd
rq
gi
^
en
)
t di
& nu
tfi p
o3j ye
-tf r
1
A
> not in use
__
e in
a

ow
met
mate
my
not
note
owl
oJ
t
f>l lei
"i ft.
ti - j
t 8?
1 sho
t5jj s
t"3 how
The chief difference as regards pronunciation and in the letters of

the Alphabet is merely in the addition of two in the vowels, Ihe
designated by me the silent and proposed to be written as an affix, in
which alone it has the peculiar sound alluded to, with the sign of the
half letter over it, da ; and the in the affix of the Dative Cases, in which
this vowel has the sound of eu in the French word queue, a tail.
6. CoireOUTe.
XVI
with
Consonants
inherent
the
vowel
"a.
s
8-51
Sound of the Consonants

with the inherent vowel a. S
EXAMPLES.
0
UM
tike ka in kalender
SU
S3
8*
eg"
et
45
AA
r
gha
gna
cha
dicha
ja
jha
*7*.
tadgini.
gender
"~
khadgnane.
nischaya.
ichchhe.
~
-1 dia chapter
dich
ja jam
ta
tha
ta
martaban
da
dha
na
ta
tha
da
dha
na
pa
pha
da
bha
ma
ya
ra
la
va
*
sha
sa,
ha
la
ksha
. da
cardamom
_ na carnal
. ta thank
tha that
morfe.
&Jrtt>
mordu.
obi
WA
_
yarne.
kartadu.
__ na natural
pa n parrot
kutni. '
kolpe.
ba barrow
ndbdehe.
, ma matter
ya yam
ra rai/
-t
-^
la lack
va vam
19
dharma. .-.
kupya. . -
grana.
'- !
tapie,
bogalvu
a sab
rla moorland
..:
. ..'.'
tukshana.
It will bo observed that the guttural consonants are unknown and unused
probably as it was not a grammatical language. The consonants Co ha is also
unknown, "pa always taking its place, or an initial (S a, or other vowel. .
AN
ELEMENTARY GRAMMAR
Of
THE COORG LANGUAGE.

PARTS OF SPEECH.
There are eight Parte of Speech, Viz, Noun, Adjective, Pronoun, Verb,
Adverb, Postposition, Conjunction and Interjection.
NOUN.
There are, 1. Common nouns ; as $o^)i phvu, a flower.
2. Pro
per nouns; as, Vci, i$p-^, acheheiya, ponnappa,
men'
names. 3. Verbal nouns ; as, tftk.ftfc, dduvadu, 4. Derivative nouns ;
as, eandjwdj, ru-, a villager. 6. Compound nouns ; as, sis? *
mane-padi, a house-door; & t?j>dôad3, mane-horavuhdru, head of tho
house. 6. Nouns of relationship ; as, Svgy epp*> father.
Verbal nouDs; are formed by adding to the roots of all verbs,
sJrfj vadu, thus from oSjrfj, yefadu, write, is formed oS^rfjrftj, yejadu
vadu, the act of writing.
Derivative nouns are formed by adding certain affixes to the crude form
of nouns.
1. efdi, dru, and ado, hdru, and ratio, gdru, denoting the agent or doer,
, kumba, an earthen vessel tfjoerado, ibumiaru, a potter. 9oXu, angadi,
a shop eso7toe3do, angadikdru, a shop keeper. , Wf*, hunting ?
7rodj, btegdru, a hunter.
. 2. esdj, fofrw, Tradj , sJo^j, wantu, denote possession; as,

6rfA/, wisdom wdo, budhikdru, budhiwanta, a wise man, and lira
wealth, rifarado j>/t</^<fri, TSfrfoijpewwenf, a wealthy person.
1
bist of Nouns of Relationship.

3. tf kali, oti' ike, and ji tana, form neutor and abstract
nouns, as A^ puehchi, foolish rs tf, puchchikali, foolishness rfjrt
mahha, children &*tf, makkafi, and rfjtft ^# mkk\a\ike, child
hood 2>rf ierrfa, poor 85^ badatana, poverty.
Compound nouns are formed by the union of two nouns; as
rfja tO boli-pana, a silver fanam, rfjd^p^J^ dmade-ponnu, a gold
pagoda. Nouns are also formed from participles, by affixing the pronouns
5^ avu, he, esri npe, she, di </, it A. eu, they (Mas. & Fem.)
andestfc adu, they (Neut) to the relative participles. Thus c3i$ti ye]adu,
who or which writes, and es^j avu, he, forms ofo^rfisJA, yefaduvatou,
writer, ''srijrf pduwa, who or which sings, and Ss5 , asrird
pdduwawa, a songstress. ijszi^ mdduwu, who or which makes, and '
pu, they sfcratrA mduvawu, makers ; ^ pnu, who or which went,
P^î pnuwu, he who went, ^/s$3> ponava, she who went.
LIST OF NOUNS OF EELATIONSIIIP.

Masculine.
Feminine.
î^b muttaPPu> great grandfa"xsi
p-ri^
- -sati muttawva mufather.
tajjiwu, great grandmother.
v*^ aJJv> grandfather.
^j-soso ujjawu tai, grand
es
mother.
^ appu, father.
SU? awwu, mother.
totJ^balyappu, father's elder
aew^jo balyawu, mother's elder
brother.Mother's elder sister's
sister.:Father's elder brother's
husband.
wife.
el^v^S chikkappu, Do. younger
ti&i A chikkawu, Do. younger
brother, Do. younger sister's hus
sister, Do. younger brother's wife.
band.
o?w annu, elder brother.
>*> akku, elder sister.
#:} tammanu, younger bro
, younger sister.
ther.
ôrfj^) tammdwu, maternal
tammdvi, father's
uncle.
sister.
^, wrfwi, father iu-law.
', mother in-law.
2
Number of Noun*.
i/Zdj wodeya, husband.
^po&pondi, or "fyiorb) pon,

wife.
tntewa, daughter.
9& maima, daughter in-law.
Sjb'v/ tndwu, son.

s&QSru maimu, son in-law ne
phews. Includes bis brothers &c.
&^ maru-mwu, grand
Includes her sister &c.
son.
daughter.
btix&jbl kiru mwa, great
)xlyjb^ maru-mwa, grand
&ti-&jb*ify kiru mwu, great

grandson.
tra^j bhdwu, wife's elder bro
ther.
grand-daughter.
madema, sister-in-law Ac.
Son's wife's father.

sfcel (i maclichini, husband's
si>e raj machchinu, husband's

Br
' brother's wife.
elder brother, wife's younger bro
[other wife.
jajsaort mdtange, husband's
ther,
Nouns are of the Masculine, Feminine and Neuter genders.

Men and gods are masculine, women and goddesses are feminine ; ani
mals and inanimate objects are neuter. The word rsj nu, male, is prifixed to shew the male sex ; and , female to shew the female
sex; as pw^joplo dnukunyi, a male infant ; i$poFu$ix)S$s>ponukunyi, a fe
male infant ; dnu-nari, a tiger ; i$pocbi-pbponnu-nari, a tigress ; f
(9 dnd]u, a male servant ; T&>ofz>t>$ ponndlu, a female servant.
Masculine nouns ending in d> ru, form the feminine by the addition of
S ti to the d ; as rfjoXffsdj mangalakdru, a bridegroom; sJjo7\ewd8
mngala kdrati, a bride.
m$ kdle, a bull,
sjori) mandn, a steir.
pari, a he buffalo,
/rfj teiru, a cock.
<P^J ptu, a he goat
jsoa>tfrdi3 komba-katfamu, a male
amber.
riodwo jwiiii, a cow.

doduoad paiu-kadachi, a heifer
tio, yemme, a she buffalo.
^/ .p<W, a hen.
^/sors^ti) ponnddu, a she goat.
Sojou^rtM mundi-kadamu, a fe
male samber.
NUMBEB OF NOUNS.
Nouns have two numbers ; Singular and Plural.
3
Cases of Nouns.
The plural is formed by adding 7< anga, ^ , or ? d or can yd, to
tue singular ; as SSopbj annu, elder brother SopsoXj annangu, elder brothers;
& yettu, a bullock &? yettud, bullocks; tange, younger sister
'of.cjb tangeyd, younger sisters, tfjopo kunyi, a child, is an exception
its plural is "^L maltha, children.
"When the cardinal numbers are used in reference to persons, the word
C^j diu, is added to all the numbers ; as doi^/j wardju, one person >$
danddlu, two persons. &p jana, is sometimes used to denote multitude;
Op (^ Sip (roozii alii yechclialcu jana vndu, how many persons are
there there ?
DECLENSION OF NOUNS.
There are five declensions apparently in the Coorg Dialect, which are
distinguished from each other by their terminations in the crude state.
I have classed all ending in the silent or in as the 1st Declension ;
those in es as of the 2nd ; those in *H as of the 3rd ; those in i as of
the 4th and Neuter nouns in 5 as of the 5th Declension.
The last might be classed under the 2ud Declension, the only peculia
rity being the introduction of a as a penultimate in all the cases except
Nominative, Dative and Vocative.
CASES OE NOUNS.
Nouns have eight cases, which are formed by the addition of the fol
lowing affixes to the erado state of the noun.
The state of a noun without any affix is called its crude state.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Cases.
Nominative.
Accusative.
Instrumental.
Dative.
Ablative.
Genitive.
Locative.
Vocative.
Afitxes.
od yu, and silent .
, '^,^ d and tunana,
, <5-/^ tinji inji, and gondu,
tfj, 7(3 ku and gu,
^>0^ cliellitu,
ri, esorfj da and andu,
e, -^lu, and paMa,
y/,
Signs.
.
a
by
to
from
0f
in
0!
4
Masculine Noun.
In the Instrumental case os>a& and oeS are added to neuter nouns and
rtjj>oii> to masculine and feminine nouns j as riid a tree, jdSo by a tree
e^jhe &p . In some words the addition of to
the accusative case of neuter nouns also forms the Instrumental caso, as
7}Tt& a tree riod&^*orii by a tree.
In Dative cases the affix is used in nouns, of all genders and 7d for
masculine and feminine only.
In the locative case is used for neuter and iSfl^ for masculine and
feminine nouns.
1st. DECLENSION, MASCULINE NOUN ENDING in the silent ,
(Which is sounded like eu.)
Cbude Noun tfxbau.

Plural.
SlNGULAB.
No. rfjdoajj kurubu, a shepherd.

Ac. Borij&iS htrubana.
In. BbdJ&ÂiBorf.) kurubanagondu,
Tfcdoai kuruba, shepherds.

tfad-j&d kurubara,
,,
tfjdoa>dÂOtJJ kurubaragondu, by or
by or from .
Da. .58 kurubangeu, to a Ac.
Ab. tjdJ&S!)3.) kurubana-chellitu,
from Ac.
tfjdjai^j kurubakeu, to Ac.
tfodiaidlî kurubaru-chelHtu,
from Ac.
Ge. ebdjsjori kurubanda, of Ac.
Lo. tfJdJ&odtiri kurubada-pakka,
from Ac.
tfoda&rf kurubada, of Ac.
rfotjairft* kurubada-pakka, in Ac.
in &c.
y0. Tidi&;5 kuruban, Ac.
tfotioaji kurubar, Ac.
MASCULINE NOUNS ENDING in .

Cbude Noun X>di
Plueal.
Xjdi guruva, priests
Singular.
No. 7<jdj ûrn, a priest
Ac. 7kd guruna,
In. *; ^/orfj
n gondu, by
or from
Da. Xid-jtf) gurukeu, to
/Ci-dod^ guruva\a,
Tdjrf^ $|( by or from
XidirftfJ gurvvakeu, to
Feminine Nouns.
Ab. X:dj &$$* guruna-chelUtu,

from
Ge. Xidjd guruda, of
bo. Tisdi-d -fy pakka, in

"Vo. X*fc ûrW,
Xjditf &f3 ffuruva!a-e^litu'

from
Xxisxi guruvadu, of
Xidodd tfy >( pakka, in

guruvaj,
FEMININE NOUNS ENDING IN ob.

Cruds Noun tioiy.
No.
Ac.
In.
Da,
Ab.
TkxJwo paiju, a cow

ttofcjyd payuva, cowb.
tio^âyune,
tcxdtf paytivala,
todwr ^jodo gondii,
^ gondv, by or from.
payukeu, to
paywakeu, to
towr E?> payuna-chellitu, Tioxo^ ^,^ payuvafa-chellttu,

from
*">m
Ge. T5ownrf payuda,
tc^xi payuvada, of
Lo. Ttokiori ti^ payuda-pakka,
to&jyri riS^ > m >
Vo. too^; êyuwT, O
tfodw^f payuval, O
This plural form is seldom used, the affix 3 being used instead of ri
in common conversation. Again in the western Talooka ^ is used, whilst
in the southern Talooks is made use of.
NEUTER NOUNS ENDINO IN .

Crude Noun bWj.
No. tfodo kuru, seed.
Ac. tfjdo? kuruna,
In. tfjdjuocS kuruvinji,
-
B\>d.>>2 fteodo kuruvino-gonfa, fty or from
Da.
Ab.
Ge.
Lo.
Vo.
tfiiktfo kurukeu, to
tfjiij^ ^pn^ kuruna-chellitu, from
tfjrfjd kurura, of
tfotijw kurulu, in
tfjfoS kurut,
:.
.-'"-
,..
.'':..'
The Instrumental case in such nouns is formed by the insertion of ri

between the crude noun and the ordinary affix.
6
Masculine Noun'
2nd DECLENSION. NOUNS ENDING in e.

FEMININE NOUN ENDING IN e.
CnuDE Noch .
Singular.
No. cri mva, a daughter.
Plubai,.
cCCxJj mliya, daughter!.
Ac. "&jb%<i mvafa,
In. SjiiCsiÂiaod.) mvufagondu, by
jCoaj^ m\iya]a,
or from.
Da. âefj mvakeu, to
or from.
&A>;oditf.J mjiyakeu, to
$A<gcd)$f\s/iO& mjii/afa-yondu, by
Ab. ^ ^S,^ mvala-chellitu,

Ge. /Bad milvada, of
,>
>;&$ ^^,j mliyala-cbellitu

;odorf mfiyada, of
Lo. 'rfrf x5bV mvada-pakka, in

Vo. A;sS^ mval, O
AaJszi * mliyada-, in
AjBodj^ mUya],
These nouns form the plural by changing the singular affix of rf into *f
oSi j and accusative in both numbers by the addition of ^.
8rd DECLENSION. NOUNS ENDING in .

MASCULINE NOUN ENDING IN .
Ckude Notjk t^po.
Plueal.
^pOodJ pSriya, buffaloes.
SlNGUbAB.
No., pari, male buffalo.

Ac. TpcujS prina,
Do.
In. i&oiporina-ffondu, by
ptcrf p6riya]a, Do.

^ poriyajayemdu, by
or from.
D. %& prikeu, to Do.
or from.
(peeodj'fc poriyakeu, to Do.
Ab. <!/? ^%&3 prina-chellitu,
pb<3}$ > &) priyajachellitu,
from.
Ge. P tsd prira, of Do.
from.
^puodjti poriyada, of Do.
Lo. Tpdd ti* prira-pakka, in
i^/scodad tS priyuda-pakka,
Do.
Vo. /& piriy, O Do.
in Do.
^'?? priya], O Do.
The plural nominative is formed by adding oo to the singular ; and the *t

in the singular cases is changed to $ in the plural vith od ; evidently in
troduced for the sake of euphony.
7
Masculine .
MASCULINE NOUNS ENDING in .

Chude Nous- dcuji.
Singular.
No. TJdnJi paradhdni, a minister

Ac. titiqpji^ paradhdnina,
lu. zJdt2 & gondii,

by or from
Da. TJdiJtfo parudhnikeu, to
Ab. dcn&jS În^ poradhdninachellitu, from
Go. SdsSd paradhdnira, of

Lo. Cti;>d tijj pakka, in
Vo. td;n>So5j; paradhdniy,
Plubal;-:
ridcs>od> paradhdniya, ministers
*>xp7>Gii$ puradhdniya],
tdcreSo&tf ffondu,bj
or from
Tbdqv'SoSriiparadfidniyakeu, to
TadcreSod.^ 5$$,^ paradhdniyafachellitu, from
tdcx&oari paradhdniyada, of
TSdôasrfcS^
, in
TidrePoj^ paradhdniyu], Q
FEMININE NOUNS ENDING IN .

Cbude Noun .
SlNOULin.
PlUltAb.
No. midi, a girl.

iijauodj mdiya, girls.
Ac. skjsfy mihlina,
^ mdiyaa,
In. & /sorfj mdina-gonfyi, in .&' Aisor mdiyafa-gondu,
from. .
by or from,
Da. rfsjai^J mdikeu, to
^ mdiyakeu, to
Ab. &> ^2,^ mdinu-cheltitu,

Hjbbcxj yi mdiyaa-chtllitv,
from.
from.
ijitxxd mdiyada, of
- Ge. s&jBUd mdira, of
jjo, iwaud 1 mdira-pakka, in

bjS&O&zi xitft mdiyuda-pakka, in
Vo. Jjj)So3j; mdiy,
fcjauO&Tf mdiya,
Masculino and feminine nouns ending in * form their cases in the same
manner.
NEUTER NOUN ENDING IN .

Cbude Noun &.
No. ^pKji>oWi, a box.
Feminine Nota*.
Ac. $^ poffina,
In. -Qptfeou poffinfi,
^sf,^ -faotiipottina-ffondu, f by or from

...
Da. fat&fti poftikeu, to

Ab, p&W ^^J poffina-ehettitu, from
Ge. Tpgjd polira, of
Lo. :&, poffilu, in
Vo. ^pojOSo po((iy,
As before remarked, neuter nouna"in tbe Coorg dialect bare so pia

ra! number ; the singular cases being also used in the plural with the
arerai numbers of tbe article pro-fixed.
4th DECLENSION. NOUNS ENDING in *.
FEMININE NOUN ENDING IN e.
Crudk Noun TjjbtJ.
No. ?>" */, a dancing girl
7j>tJo& sfeya, dancing girls,
Ac. $ ,
Tojôds^/ sleyaja,
In. Tijutfp ffond, by or from. Tju^caxj pondu, by orfrom.
Da. Tijb^lf} tfekeu, to
Ab. Tij&Qp ^Sf3 -chtllitu,

from.
Ge. ^ */, of
Tjuôû eyakeu, to
TJb'tfcaiij $ & let/afa-chcllitv,
from.
.
T&fcÔ&i leyada, of
Lo. '^ , in
Vo. /bôSj *i/ey,
Tujaôjrf !^ , in
^^ ueyal,
FEMININE NOUN ENDING in

Cbfde Noun o3jo3j.
SlNGULAE.
FlUBAZ.
No. o5jo& yem?, she buffalo

O&0&0& yemeya, she buffaloes.
Ac. && yemena
^ yemeyafa,
In. ^& gondu, by or &^ gondu by Ac.

from.
Da. O&o&rj , to
&& , to
Ab. O&o&rS ^,^* yemena-ehellitu, $ ff3 yemeyafaehellitu,
from
from
|r
Houns.
Ge. oSw&d yernera, of
Lo. O&w&ti ttf^ pakka, in
Vo. o3w&oSj yemey, O
oSooiojrf yemeyada, of
o&o&ojrf pakka,
o3jo&c&$( yemeya], O
Tho plural is formod by tho addition of ab to the singular nomina

tivo. Tho plural of tho naines of all quadrupods would eocm to be thus
formod ; as jqsj, a dog, , doge ; tfoj a horso horses; to&
a hog tc&odj hogs.
tfj, and 5; A//, mer aro used to donoto tho young of animals ;
and thoy form tho plural by the addition of odo also to their singular ; a*
jNowtfoB, a pup; od> pups.
C5
CO
NEUTER NOUNS ENDING IN .

Cbude Noun sfc;3.
No. sfc mane, a house.
Ac. manena,
In. s&$QSJoea maneinji,
\
>s$$ -RjuotSs manena-gondu, J by or from
Da. ajjSJ manekeu, to
Ab. &$ tpn&3 manena-cJtellitu, from
. rfo^Sd manera, of
Lo. &$ manelu, inT'
To. jJjjSoSjc maney,
,,; :..
., .- ;*.:, ,4t.
MASCULINE NOUNS ENDING in
..;,
,tl> .-
Cude Noun jSj'.
No. ''3 , master

. 5>5 dorena, a
In. 'Za'S? gondu, by or
iatfodj doreya, masters

t8j>$o}$ doreyaja,
-jb-crf ~Rjbori)gondu, by
from
Da. "jvtii dorekeu, to a
or from
jstSod.r.} doreyakeu, to
Ab. TajsiS^ sS^j dorena-chelUtu,

from
Ge. ajstfd dorera, of
-5^ eS-S&j chellitu,

or from
atoar doreyada, of
Lo." 'ajBid ^ dorera-, in

Vo. ' dorey,
recacdirf t5x doreyada-pakka, in w

"jaiodj^ doreyal,
10
.,
r
D'enter
It will be seen by the above examples that nouns ending in form
tbe plural by the addition of si, and those terminating in form the
plural by the addition of 0& ; and that the accusative singular is formed
by tho additions of to the nominativo, and the accusative plural by tho
addition f tf to tho nominativo plural.
fith. DECLENSION NEUTER NOUNS ENDINO IN .
Cbudb Noun .
No. /50 pola, a dry flold.
' *
Ac. "QptfaXi polatuna,
In. *&***"*>\ by or from a field.

fyut)8o polatinji,
Da.
Ab.
Go.
Lo.
Vo.
^psr polakeu, to a fiold.

ipt/&x$ tb3polatuna-chellitu,rom a field.
i^poajd pola tura, of a field.
ifyutfawupolatulu, in a
.. .
%- /
ipvB polav,
-...'-
It will be seen that in words in the Coorg dialect, which are similar
to those in Oanarcse, tho initial of the Canarese is changed to
in Coorg.
NEUTEB NOUN in e>.
: *
Cbude Noun rbd.

No. od , a tree.
Ac. ,xSs$ maratuna, a tree.
In. sfcdSoaS marattnji, by or from a tree.
Da. sbdb marakeu, to tree.
Ab skdjsSS i maratuna-chellitu, from a tree.
Co
,
, . . Ge. xtrt maratura, of a tree.
; .
,.
Lo. sbdjuo maratulu, in a tree. ,, . . '..'
. -r.
,
Vo. sfcd marav, tree.

Neuter nouns have no plural, In the Instrumental case sometimes
fjiodi is affixed to the accusative case and affix, as sbds^êoria. .- In
the Locative case sometimes tS5^ is used by adding it tothe Genitive case,
the d of which is sometimes changed into or either are used indifferently.
11
Nouns of Relationship.
NOUNS OP EELATIONSHIP.
Knne of relationship of both genders ending in what I have termed
the silent form their plural by dropping the and adding ( and are
declined in other respects like nouns of the first declension ; as.
Ceuue Nora n a father.
SlWGULAB.
PbUBAb.
No. *S>vk appu, a father.

Â0^ oppanga, fathers,
Ac *>S\{ appana,
PtvoX^ appangaja,
In. wiyS gondii, by
Ac.
Ac.
Ac.
The plural of such nouns ending in e and in i is formed by the
addition of ods to the singular ; as ;
Cbude Nouh ort Younger sister.
SnrOULAB.
No. 07? tange.
Ac. tangena.
Ac.
Ac.
PliUBAL.
07fo& tangeya.
3o7tofc$ tangeyala.
&c.
Ac.
&;*$, a Daughter, however, has a different form in the plural ; the

final rf being changed into odb ; as.
Cbttde Nous tSjsJ a Daughter.
SlNGUbAK.
No. Crf we.

Ac *?s5tf i7ioo/a.
Ac.
ajsodj m/'ya.
Côdj^ mliya]a.
&C.
It is declined in other respects like nouns of the 2nd declension. It

may be remarked that feminine nouns ending in es, form the Accusative by the addition of tf to the Nominative. Feminine nouns of rela
tionship ending in the vowel 9 form the plural by the addition of to
the singular ; as.
.
.
Cbudb Nouh 5jti Daughter-in-law.
SlNOULAB.
No. &do meima.
PbWBAb.
S^fy meimakka.
12
Nonne of Quality.
Ac. &&< meimaja,
Ac
&dj*^ .
Ac-
nouns OP QUALITY.
Neuter nouns of quality bare the final syllable, before the affix,
in the Accusative, Instrumental, Dative, Ablative, and Genitive, case*
lengthened. MaecuT ' and Feminine nouns of quality have not this pe
culiarity and are declined like other nouns, and, pronouns.
tSju $ di boftadu, a white thing.'
No. f5jfc^/d boftadu.
J
Ac. botna,
In. gondu.
Da. boftngeu.
Ab. 5^ ^)^J bojtdna-ehellitu.
Oe. Sjsgn od loltdnda.
Lo. &$ rfj, od boftdnda pakka.
Vo. tja^ boftade.
VERBAL NOUNS.
The different cases of the verbal nouns are formed in the same
manner, as other nouns except that the J of the present participle is
lengthened into in the Accusative, Instrumental, Ablative, Genitive
and Locative cases.
No.
Ac.
In.
Da.
Ab.
Ge.
Lo.
Vo.
nduvadu, the act of seeing.

;Sj>rioa>$ nduvdna.
ftjiziiisVfi /aoz
gondu.
^jscrfjô nduvakeu.
&;!>> ^ nduvdna-kellitu.
jSjbdoasod nduvdnda.
^jsjrfossw nduvdlu.
nono.
13
.Adjectives.
ADJECTIVES.
;* '
Adjectives procedo the nouns to which they belong ; as S.^tf nallatnara, a good tree; ^ ifi'<., pudiya-pofli, a new box; S$0O& rijd
cheriya-mura, a young treo.
. kvfti, a young animal, is added to express the young of quadru
peds; as ? & dne-hvtti, ft young elephant, ti/ , a, colt; but for
the young of cows aud buffaloes tirii kadaeJii, is added ; as oSjSj, tfriel
yemme-kadaclti, a young buffalo ; tioaiô tiziz- -kadachi, a calf.
? , is added to denoto the young of all birds, andkO mari,
is sometimes, but seldom used ; $>*% 1^ kli-kunyi, a chicken, s&O
man', is also added to denote the young of fishes ; o kunyi, is also
used, but seldom ; as > tfjoplo minu-kunyi, a young fish. Both these
words aro also added to denote the young of serpents; as oobjs tfoopio
jadmbu-kunyi, a young serpent.
Sooaj eheriya, signifying small is added to denote the young of
insects; as Scodj ;^j clieriya-pulu, a young insect.
Relative participles are also used, like adjectives, before nouns, and
in them the relative pronouns "who" and "which" are implied, as t/>S^
53, pop ala-, the going pathway, the way in which he goes, or
will go. ajozjj o^s^ o bandu-manasha, the man who has come, sijsdai
Tip? mddatu-pani, the work not done.
As in the Canareso languago, there are not many adjectives in the
Coorg dialect, and the defect is supplied by affixing to nouns the irregu
lar participles, tfj,-C/U$J nu and vttu, as trs pana, money xipsvotfi
panaullu, rich ; ?> chai, beauty ^ chdidnu, beautiful.
COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES.
There is no regular mode of comparing adjectives in the Coorg dialect
but comparisons are generally made by the addition, of < inji, to the
dative case; as oS^d tfoieo ?>rf fiyj /odi yda-kudre-kinji-nda
kudre-balyadu, your horse is larger than my horse.
14
.
Comparisons may aleo be expressed by using the plural Locativo rase
without the addition of <Voe# inji, as &t ^wrestfj#> l () ponn]vu, d
$trrf ava-nallava, she is the best of thcso women, ^ Xjo;uo ^ tAi$j
i gumpulu-av-lallyavu, he is the biggest in tho crowd.
PRONOUNS.
There are seven descriptions of pronouns in tho Coorg dialect, viz.
1. Personal. 2. Demonstrative. 3. Reciprocal. <t. Numeral, . Interme
diate. 6. Of Quantity. 7. Interrogative.
The pronouns of quantity are only of tho neuter gender,
Pronouns aro declined like nouns,
I. PERSONAL PRONOUNS.
Citunic State, ?. I.
SnrauLAE.
No. 75& ndnu, I.
oSjoX , yenga, we.
Ac. o52} yenna, me.

In. < Afcorfj yenna-gondu.
oSooXtf yengaa, ue.

o5joX^ yengafa-gondu.
Da. *1 yenakeu.
Ab. 0&2} Sô -.
oSjoX) yengaheu.
okoXtf ^,^3 yengafa-ehellitu.
oS^xi -^t yda-deselu.
cdjoXd -zXrw yenda-deulu.
Ge. cjd y/rfe.

Lo. oSjct ^ yda-pakka.
oSjoXri yengada.
o3joXd tftf yengada-pakka.
In'this pronoun the initial ie changed ! to 5 for the other

cases, with the addition of in the Accusative, Instrumental, and Abla
tive, cases ; and in the Genitive and Locative, cases the initial Oi ie
lengthened in to O&j.
In the plural tho initial o3o remains throughout
all the cases, with the addition of the o.

This pronoun has also another plural ; Viz.
No. foX nanga,
Ac. ?oX^/ nangaja,
In. JtoXe/ Aiaoti nangaja-gondu,
&e.
&c.
15
, .
l&tOD/0*
Cede State S thon.
SnrotiLAB.
PLUBAb.
No. JixS ninu, you, thou.
JoX '^, ye or your.
Ac. } ninna, yours, thee.

In. J>^ Xjbozb ninna-gondu.
J>oX$ ningala, yours.

>oX^/ ^jsorfj ningala-gondu.
Da. Spfa ninakeu.
SSoXtfi ningakeu,
$oX$ $L&> ningala-cheilitu.
SoXri ^wj ningada-detelu.
Ab. S?} î^J
ninna-eJiellitu.
^rf ninada-deeelu.
Ge. $ot$,rf ninnada, nida.
JioXrf ningada.
Lo. J^rf tsji ;rf tS
JioXri Ttt ningada-pakka.
ninnada-
pakka, nida-pakka.
In ? thee, the long J of the nominative is changed into the short ?
in the other cases and in the plural the initial is changed to $o through
out the casos in that number, with Ti in addition before the affixes.
II. DEMONSTRATIVE PEONOTTNS. (.)

Cbdde State. es^j *, he.
SlNOULAB.
No. e^) evu, he.
PlVRAL.
Ac. tS'p avana, him.
&4) eBB thoy.

ayana, thom.
In. djS "Ajuot avana gondu.
tojj 7^jBorfo ayana-gondu,
Da. eSwoXi avangeu.
KOJjoXj ayangeu.
Ab. erf? ^S,^J avana-cliellitu.
O03$ 5poaj ayana-ohellitu.
CSdod uW avand-desdu.
(Sojoti ^/ ayanda-deselu,
Go. esori apanda.
isodjorf ayanda,
Lo. Orio avanda-pakka.
ojod t* ayanda-pakka.
In the Dative, Genitive and Locative Oases, both Singular and

Plural, () is introduced between the crude form of this pronoun and
the affix. The plural noun is formed by changing the vowel from
what I termed the silent to the vowel J u, and in the other cases of
the plural the rf gives way to od.
16

Obde State 9ri.
Singula.
No. e5 ava,
, Ac. cr$ ara/e.
In. ^/ avafa-gondu.
Da. esrirfj avakeu.
Ab. erri^&î avafa-ehellitu.
Ge. srfrf orarfe.
^0> Ssftttf^ avada-.
Vo. t^c are//.
No.
Ac.
In.
Da.
Ab.
<9rf era, she.

ritf ere/a, Her.
&tf fjuoiii avalaa-gondu,
e>;i#j avakeu,
Oitf ^f^* avafa-chillUu,
etd ?? avada-detelu,
Ge. drf aeerfo,
Lo. Sdrf tftfi avada-pakka,
She.
Plubal.
C9^) .
Cod)^ ayana.
<xs$*AQTb ayana-gondu.
exxboXo ayangeu.
vxgb &i ayana-ehellitu.
esodiori ayanda.
SodjodxJ* ayanda- .
es^j .
e>c&>j ayana.
Aeoz ayana-gondu.
esodsoXa
&c.
The plural of this feminine pro
noun is the the Masculine.
, In the Coorg dialect the lent 3) denotes the masculine, ara

the feminine and tb A the neuter gender.
No. sodwtfj ey<f/, he, that man.
Ac. voimf ayluna, him.
&c.
Ac.
effort anê, they, those men.

esoXtf atangaja, thorn.
Ac&c-
This pronoun is derived from e, that, and &<j3, a porson.

Chcdb Statu sd> it.
No. srii , it
Ac. srfj^ aduna, it.
In. OiSoaS, >d ) adatinji, aduna
Da.
Ab.
Ge.
Lo.
sdoXj adangeu.
et^ S o adana-chellitu.
esiorf adanda.
eckai adulu.
17
Indeterminate Pronouns.
The plural is formed by adding the word o&ejj all, to the singular form.
II. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS (proximate.)

Singular.
Plural.
No. 4^; imt, he, this man.

Ac. "stf ivana,
', she, this woman.

#?S?^j f/, this person.
^ "' these men.

xpdo;* iyana,
4 , these women.
$ oX ittanga, these persone.
<4j irf, it, this thing.

These pronouns are declined in the same manner as the correspond
ing remote demonstrative pronouns.
III. RECIPROCAL PRONOUNS.
B9(ta tdnu.
SlNOULAB.
No. etî tdnu, himsolf.

Ac. tty tama, himself A itself.
PlUBAL.
8*0* tanga, thomeelves.

to*$ tangaja,
This pronoun is ueod with rofcrenco to some other noun or pronoun

of tho 3rd porson preceding it as 5^j tf;fyi or *, eaoti 4s&i <P$e*
atu tannada or tdda, or tunda maneheu pchi, he went to hie house.
Tho plural is also used honorifically in the second person singular,
when addressing a superior or one to whom you wish to show respect, as
UoX 8>t\u$ tanga bappadilleyd, will you not come P
IV. INDETERMINATE PRONOUNS.

There is only one indeterminate pronoun; viz, }, all, the nomina
tive of which is the same in all three genders ; but the declension is differ
ent between the maRculine and feminine genders and the neuter; as,
Mas. & Fern.
No. oi>& yella.
Ac. o3^0d yellara.
Neuter.
<&% ""^ yelldna.
18
Tfuncmna.
In. c&e^d <"*> yellara-goni*.
oSj^ ! yelldna-gondu.
Da. o&e&tfj yelldkeu.
O&egjOT yelldngeu.
S^.<i yelldna-chellitu.
Ab. obed 8 j yellara-ehellitu.

Ge. o5^3L^ yellada.
Lo. oSjwjjrie yelldal*.
o3w od yelldnda.
cSitneii ytlldlu.
V. NUMERAL PBONOUNS.
Singular.
8 , one man. < , two men.

>8 wobba, one woman. " We, two women.
uorfj wondu, one tiling, torfj dandu, two things.
These pronouns are declined like the demonstrative prononn of the
everal genders given under that head, except in the plural, which is form
ed by adding ti, r, to the accusative and is declined like the 1st decleneion of nouns.
VI. PBONOUNS QUANTITY.

There are no pronouns of quantity relating to the masculine and
femenino genders ; but in the neuter gender are to be found ;
Bemote we* achchakeu, so much, in so many as those.

Proximate * iohehakeu, so much, in so many as these.
These are declined like >& *"
VII. INTEROGATIVE PBONOUNS.

SnrauLAB.
oocî yvu, who, what man?

c&yÂ yiva, who, what woman ?
oSjcrijyAf, which thing?
19
eftfa dru, what men p

(tfda dru,
women?
plural
none.
Interogative Pronouns.
These pronouns are declined in the same manner as the demonstra*
tive pronouns.
$3) yennu, what P
No. ^3 yermu, what ?
Ac. ;}3 yennatna.
In. $^8v$ -RjboT&i yennatdna-gonda.
Da. ob^37>o7\i, ô7b yennatdngeu, yennangeu.
Ab. ^^ ^Sj^J yennatdna-chellitu.
Ge. oi^ssorf yennatdnda.
Lo. *^^ yennatlu.
& yechcliaJcen, How much ?
This pronoun is declined like
Some of the demonstrative, numeral, and other pronouns are ab

breviated, or changed, when they form the first member of a compound
word ; as.
Od) adu, that
raidi idu, this,
becomes
tf d".
* .
oSojrfj ydu, which,
dodj dandu, two,
o5j y/.
a.dj tcoru.
dons dandd.
Jsorii mundu, three,
3JU07SH mndd.
|jo, ten,
t>a$i t>b pannu, padi.
a,orfj wondu, one,
rio^) naditvu, middle,

;? zefo, upper,
Sjc me.
i(d Mda, under,

&^, outside,,
joFb^ minne, front,
i A/.
;pd >ore.
bo?^2 minne.
^/itfiwolu, inside,
"fybtf leola.
EXAMPLES.
sti (7, and j^S man, becomes, e? Jo? A-mane, that house,
20
Uozi) wondu, fltapsj ,

iSi pattu, Z.0Z3 wondu,
TSi pattu, ^ti) ndlu,
f>jj-} porame, ;$ mane,
cS^ti ydu, /. poffi,
rsti idu, 83. baffe,
ta
6)d) tfofw wom-kannu, one eje.

to&ozoj>annoi</u, eieren.
5&; padindlu.
Jptfo^S poramane, out house.
o3j P^j y-J>tt which box?
& 6>. i-batte, this road.
VERBS.
Vorbs are divided, as in Canarese, into Active, Neuter, and Causal ;
but the Passive form is unknown.
The root of the verb is generally the same as the 2nd person singu
lar Imperative.
The roots of verbs generally terminate in the silent or half u, in
e\ in s a ; and in i.
The Conjugations have been classed accordingly and distinguished
from each other by these four several endings of the roots of tho vorbs .
Viz.
1st Conjugation ending in silent u.
2nd
8rd.
n

f
!
4th.
>i
i
#
There are four simple, moods viz. the infinitive, imperative, nega
tive, and affirmative; the potential and subjunctive moods being com
pounds.
j
In the affirmative mood there are only three simple and six com
pound tenses. The future tense being also much in the same sense as
the 2nd or contingent future in Canarese.
The infinitive mood is impersonal. The other simple moods and
tenses are formed by the addition of certain personal affixes to the Boots
Participles and Gerunds.
21
Conjugation of Verbe.
to
.*
.i
fl
CO
s
4
?
?
>
'S
s
e
'S
s
"
a
(0
PS
H
FM
-fc
-r
ne
<
ET
'
T
TU
F
to*
to
-g.
-0
-3
fc>
8Ol
22
fc
03
-2
3
>
13
d
05
Iniinitlve Mood.
I. CONJUGATION, OBVEBBS ENDING IN SILENT u.
Boot -3vd> mddu.
GeXVKDB OB YEBBAb PABTICTFLES.
Present. riJu odoodj mddiyandu, doing.

Past. Jî mdditu, having done.
Negat. sJjBZ mddatte, not having done.
KeITIVE PaBTICIPLES.
Compounded of
tin root and
wkodj iyandu.
. *&i '
e ete.
The root and
Present and } dniii^ mdjuwu, who or
3) *
Future.
j which does or will do.
Past, tmiyî mddunu, who are which did.
pi **
Negative. riJaz&i mddatu, who are which does

^ <
not, did not or will not do.
CoMPOTJHD BeLATIV* PaBTICIPXM.
The prtunt
gerund and
Present. mddiyendulfu, who or which, TOh uffu.

is or will be doing.
Future. & Pi>^ **"
Past. riJ3uaJx>uoai mddiyendinju, who or which soai n>.
was doing.
TbcfMff
gerund nd
Perfect. JJdj^j^J mddutuJlu, who or which bas done Wife *//

or will have done.
Future perf. s^ ipp*.
^) '
Pluperfect. JjaSoai ntdditinju, who or which had <bo& inju.
done.
INFINITIVE MOOD.
*
ttowbtto mdduvakeu.
The root md
*> *<
23
fOrmative Hood.
IMPEBATIVE MOOD.
(Soot and personal affixes.)
SlNOTJLAB.
PbUHAL.
1st person, ;J8 rfdo mddadu, let
2nd
me do.
rfjrii marf, do thou.
3rd Mas. \
3rd Pern. > ijazti mddadu, let
3rd Neu. y
jjadlij mddadu, let ne do.
Js tnddi, do ye.
rfjadrfj mddadu, let them do.
him, her or it do.
NEGATIVE MOOD.y
(Boot and personal affixes.)
I &c. do not.
1 et person. J>zfca madule.
2nd
aJerfj
3rd Mas.
sijadj
SrdEem.
sJi>rfo
3rd Neu.
jsrfj
The same form is used for the plural, with the several personal pro
nouns going before.
AEFIEMATIVE MOOD.
Present Tense I do &c.

(Present relative participle Jarfj^ and personal affixes.)
let person. 7sv$3 sirerfo ndnu
& mdduwa we or sf or
mdduvi, or 5^ or mdduwale, I do.
2nd
3k Jsdouoi nnu
mdduwale, we do.
rfjszkucd mdduvra, ye do.
mdduviya, thou.
3rd Mas.
sijsdjd a^/ mdduwa,
mzb mdduwa, 3$ mdduwafa,
or mdduwafa, He.
3rd Fem.
JJBrfj^) She
rftf she JjBrfod
3rd Nou.
rijsrfjrf It
*4 >, it
Past Tenso. I did &c.

(Past relative participle jerio^j mddunu, and personal affixes.)
24
Compound Tensas
SlUGtAB.
PlJJBAb.
let person. ? mddune, - ^ ^ ^ ^^ wjJ ^
T"l I did
2nd
3rd .
-ZbTyaitnadiya, thou.
JJDE? mddichi, he.
3rd Fem.
rfjsrfje
ehe.
3rd Neu.
sJjB&el
it
rfjiud mddira, ye
jsrfjel mdduehi, they,,
1st Futcbe Tense. I shall or will do &c.

(Future relative perticiple toik^; mddmcu, and personal affixes.)
1 at person, rfjsrfj^j mdduwu.
2nd
3rd Mas.
3rd Fem.
3rd Neu.
aorarfjodo mdduviya.
jsrfj marfw.
rfoazk
riJtj
mddu.
rfjSd mdduvira.
jt>U3 mddu.
COMPOUND TENSES.
The Coorg dialect also comprises six compound tenses in the Affir
mative mood. The present, past and future tenses are formed by add
ing to the present gerund of the verbs, the present, past and future
tenses of the Verb rd} tVn, to bo. The addition of the same tenses to
the past gerund forms the perfect, pluperfect and future perfect tenses
of the verb.
Puesent tense.
I am doing <fce.
(Present gerund rfjsuodjorfj mddiyandu, and the present tense of < im.)
SlNGULAIt.
1st person, rfjauoajorfj^ mdfiyandulle, or mddiyandullu.
Plubal.
jjsuodootijorfj mddiyandundu.
2nd person, rfjsuo&ozk^_odj mddi- rijauoorfj "i mddiyandujfiro.

yandufjiya.
3rd Mas.
riorouo&orkorfc mddi-
rijsucdiorijorfc '
yanguntfu,
8rd Fom.
3rd Neu.
rijo&ozJsori>
rijauodjotoorij
. 25
jjjuodjozko?i>
Same as lit
person plural.
Perfect Tense.
Past tense I wag or would have been, doing Ac.
(Present gerund jkrauodjoii) mdiyand, and the past of "qdi im.)
Singulab.
1st person. Trfjsuajouo mddiyandinje.
2nd person. JBUO&ouooSodj mddiyandinjiya.
3rd Mas. sJJsiuodjouoaj mdiyendinjatu.
3rd Fem.
3rd Neu
,,
PbBAb.
rfjsbojouoas^J mddiyandinjatu,
sJjso&ooaSd mddiyandinjira.
Same as 1st
person Plural.
Futbe tense. I shall or will be doing <fec.

(Present gerund sferauo&ork mdiyand, and the Future tense of <V3 int.)
1st person, drauodiou^v mddiyandippu.
( mddiyandikku.
2nd person, sirauodjoubvodj mddiyandippiya.
^ mddiyandippira.
3rd Mas. sjjsuodiou*^ mddi

yandikku.
3rd Fern, *^
rfjB&odjouf^. "
3rdNeut. &^
Same as 3rd
person singular.
Perfect Tense, I havo done to.

(Past gorund TJJa^j mdditu, and past tense of <4dj iru.)
1st person. $J8U& V 3" mddittulJiyu. riJScijorfi mdditundu,
2nd
8rd .
rfjaui^v oo mddittu]\iya, sJoxOi d mddituffira,

jtoau&orfc mdditundu.
jbTXiiO&i. "*
3rd Fom.
. Same as 8rd
person singular-
3rd Ncut.
Pluperfect Tense,
I had done &c.
(Past gerund stesui mdditu, and past Tense of <& Vu,)

1st person. riJt)53oa mddittinje.
JsSosa^j mddittinjlu.
Potential Mood.
2nd
3rd Mae.
8rd Fem.
3rd Neu.
riJu ood> tnddittinjiya,

rfJsuSoaiai mddittinjatu,
riJS&So&
dJs8oai
ybba&TimddiUinjira.
*|
.,
> Same as SinJ 6ulap-
Future Perfect Tense, I shall or will, or would have done &c.

(Past gerund dJeu^J mdditu, and future tence of î iru.)
1st person. ijsoaj r$\ mdditu-ippu.
2nd person. siJSoo "9,\0& mddituippiya.
3rd Mas. sJoBui 4fl* mdditu-ikku.
4^ mdditu-ikku.
-yiSi 'Mbtf mdditu-ippira .
tJBui ^*^ mddituikku,
3rd Fem.
sStou^j *
>
3rd Neu.
j>a^ rtf:^
In the 1st Pereon of each tense, * or the silent are indieftrently

used as the final vowel of the affix.
Whenever the past gerund is followed by a long vowel the Coorge
pronounce the single t\ but whenever the past gerund precedes a short
vowel the is doubled
POTENTIAL MOOD.
The Potential mood is formed by the addition of certain affixes to
the root and to the Infinitive, and in two tensos by the addition of the
verbs ôUjy keiyu, to bo able, and , ariyu, to know.
Affirmative, May.
(Boot in silent and eo alu.)
Negative May not.

(Infinitive in zftfo waku, andtfri dga.)
I Ac. may do; or am at liberty to I &o. may not do; or am not st

do.
liberty to do.
JW^j Jjrfe ndnu mddalu.
<J7 mdduwaku dga,
(Infinitive in -tis wakeu, #cd>Jj, Infinitive in wakeu, ^ keiya.
keiyu.\
27
Potential Mood
I Ac. may or am at liberty to do.
I am may not, or, am not at liberty

to do.
Sjirfjitfj tfiO&J mdduwakeu keiyu. .
rijatiaritfj ^^ mdduwakeu keiya.
By omitting the silent t, the may be doubled and pronounced

as if one word.
Must.
Must sot.
Boot in and Sorfj andu.
Boot in and Cod anda.
I &c. must or need to do.

sajsrioui mddandu.
I &c. must not or need not do.

Jsrforf mddanda.
Ought.
' Boot in t esouojtj andiyadu.
Ought not.
I Ac. ought to do; or it is proper The negative is formed by ^,

for me to do.
andiyadalla.
rijsrouodidj mddandiyadu.
Can.
Cannot.
(Infinitive in dtfJ /, and) esoow Infinitive in sWj web, SOois arytr.
oriyu.
I, Ac. can do; or I know to do.
I, &c. cannot or know not to do.
sjjarfcritfj esoodjj nidduwa/eu-ariyu, Cafo mduwa/cu-ariya.
Tho vownl givos an affirmative and the vowal " a " a negative
Signification.
SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD.
Aouist Tense.
Impersonal.
Boot rijidi mddu, and the affixes So?\ ehengi, olt& eheng, and
or Myt, toiî, and ofcoft yen^t, 5 y*nyt, rfjdj Sor m<<du-chengi, if I. &0. do, shall or should do.
tSoTto mdu-eheng, Although I do, shall or should do. Ac.
28
2nd Conjugation.
The other affixes are similarly used with roots of other termination,
as C3? of\ if I shall come.
Present and Future Tense.
Impersonal
(Present and Future relative part, s&rerfa^ mdduwu, and &$i anehe,
or esojS^S annane, that, so that.)
sJJBo^j 9tf mdduwu-aneke. that I, e. may or might do.
Negative.
Impersonal.
(Negative Eelative participle irerf j mddatu, and
ene**, that
so that.)
sJjari >$# mddatu-, that I, <fcc. may not or might not do.
Subjunctive Compound Tense.
Formed by adding the subjunctive aorist tense of Vu, to the
asent, participle and negative gerunds of the vorbs. .
Present Tense. Impersonal.
(Present gerund && mddiyandu and enjoao* undengi,}
s&rorfjodiozi) V0<suof\ mdduyandu-undengi,
>
If I, Ac. am doing.
jjJSUodwrfooo^ mddiyandundengi.
Perfect Texse.
Impersonal.
(Past gerund aJBU^J mddittu, and crjooTv undengi,)

Jjuj Vioot\ mdditu-undengi.
, .
, ,.
,
.
jjJSQSJ oS<A madUtundengi.
|i
-" I^ Ac.
-w have done.
If
Negative. Impersonal.
(Negative gerund rfjsd mddatte, and wotSo7) undengi.)
Jrf ^ mddatte-undengi.
L
J
JJBlto oo?\ mddatundengi.
If I, &c. do not, did

not, or, will not do.
2nd CONJUGATION or a verb ending in .

Boot & wode, Break.
Gerunds or verbal Participles.
The root, b. wode, break.
Present.
bSUiod wodetundu, breaking.

29
The root, and

otjj tandu.
Imperative Mood.
Past.
8.tSSî wodetittu.
Negative. e.oo wodeyatte.
Sti tittu.
o& yatte.
Eblatitf, Participles.
The root and
Past.
>
[_ or will break.
wodetu, who or which broke.
efc tu.
Negative.
Z.zScasa wodeyatu, who or which breaks
0&3j yatu.
not, broke not, or will not break.

Compound Relative Participle.
Frtent Gtrnnd and
Present. ZjStozb wodetandu-vflu,"} who or which is or 0\) //.
Future.
Past.
^ .
J will be breaking.
far4 {.
ZjtoTii <^ wodetandu-inju, who was breaking,
^ .
Put Gerund and

Perfect. Zj&S^ wtf wodetittu-. who and those or euk .
will have broke.
Fut. perf.
^ .
,^ ippu.
Pluperfect. a.aej ^?* wodetitu-inju, who and had broke. ? .
INFINITIVE MOOD.
w wdepaku,
The root and

.
IMPERATIVE MOOD.
(Root and personal affixes.)
Let me &c. break.
SlTOULAB.
1st person. tJ&csdi wodeyadu.
2nd
tJU mode.
3rd Mas. 1
3rd Fem. brfoarfo wodeyadu.
3rd Neu. )
30
.
Z.Hsdi wodeyadu.
zsu wodeire.
a.tfodtfk wodeyadu.
. y .
Affirmative Mood.
In peaking the odb becomes changed to tf, as .& wodekadu.
NEGATIVE. MOOD.
(Boot and the Negative affix.)
I, Ac. call not, will not call,
let person. Zslî wodrpule.
tr&i utodepeh.
or ZJU'&' wodepele.
2nd
3rd Mae.
3rd Fem.
3rd Neut.
,,
,,
if
AFFIRMATIVE MOOD.
Pbesent Tense. I break.
(Present and Future Relative Participle e*Tr tcodepu, and
personal affixes.
Sinoulaj.
Plural.
1st person. $ wodepe, or u-t^

wadepafe.
2nd
5& wodepeya.
3rd Mas. ~i ^jj-j wadepa, or uJxid
3rd Fem.
'
3rd Neut. ) mdepala.
b,drJ wodepa, or tJ^ pafa.

etfd toodepera.
utSJ wadepa, or *Stf pola.
It will be noticed that these tenses are formed with the Relative par
ticiple and personal affixes, and not with the present gerunds as in the
Canarese language.
Past Tense. I broke Ac.
(Past relative participle b-o wodetu, and personal affixes.)
1st person. ZS&t wodete.
tstt^ wodetattu.
2nd
WSO& wodetiya.
urSd wodetira.
3rd Mss. ")
'
8rd Fem. wodetattu.
^ wadetattu.
3rd Neut. J
"""
81
'Compound Tense.
1st Future Tense. I shall or will break Ac.
(Future relative participle Z.tS^) wodepu, except in 3rd person sin
gular and plural and 1st person plural., in which the final ^J), is changed
into ^J% m.)

Singular.
1st person. Z&} wodepu.
2nd
&.tSo) wodepeya.
3rd Mas. } .
3rd Fem. , wodekk.
3rdJSTeut.j
e
Plural.
^^ wodekk.
urd wadepera.
btfc*. wodekk.
*
COMPOUND TENSES.
There are six compound tenses in the affirmative mood.
in the 1st conjugation.)
(See note
Present Tense. I am breaking Ac.

(Present gerund MWodi wodetandu, and the present tense of <wfc xru, be.)
M&ioxb m^cd wodetandu-ulliyu.
&7 wodetandulliyu.
ZJ&oi Wozfc wodetandu-undu.

a,aaorfjozi) wodetandundu.
Past Tense. I was breaking &c.

(Present gerund e.tS3orfj wodetandu, and the past tense <4d.> int. be.)
e.do& rao wodetandu-inje.
KUtorl) *) wodetandu-injutu.
a.xSoUoa wodetandinje.
W&ouo&a wodetandinjatu.
Future Tense. I shall or will be breaking.

(Present gerund ZJUto wodetandu, and the future tense of <4da int.)
*^ wodetandu-ippu.
^ wodetandippu.
tiodi %4% detandu-ikku.

*rto^ wodetandikku.
Perfect Tense. I have broken.

(Past gerund a.d8 wodetitu, and persent tense of 4dj ir.)
a-zS5> od wodetitu-ufiyu.
$8& wotij wodetifu-undu.
M*e*od wodetittujliyu.
Mt&J wodetittundu.
32
Potentiel Mood.
Plpebfect Tense I had broten Ac.
(Past gerund ZJ&bti wodetitu, and past tense of Vto iru.)
tSJ *40S wodetilu-inju,
fcSa soa:3j wodetitu-injatu.
wSSS oa wodetittinju,
mS33 08/J wodetittinjatu.
Futuke fekfect Tense I shall or will, or would Lave broken Ac.

(Past gerund , wodetitu, and future tense of ^tfr .)
JlSSj 4^ wodetitu-ippu,
^ *** wodetittu-ikku.
ZJ&B $\ wodetittippu,
^ wodetittikk.
POTENTIAL MOOD.
(See notes on the 1st Conjugation.)
Affirmative. Mat.
Ngative. Mat not.
(Boot in e and tfeu kalu.)
I Ac. may break or am at liberty
(Infinitive in
xti , <SX iga.
I Ac. may not break or am not at
to break.
Me wodekalu,
liberty to break.
brfritfo VXwodepaku-dga.
(Infinitive in tifo , and ab
(Infinitive in 5 , and tfab
keiyu.)
I Ac. may or am at liberty to break.
. *.)
I Ac. may not or am not at liberty
&,tStJ*s l&o wodepaku-keiyu,
to break.
Zitfo tf0& wodepaku-keiya.
In speaking the ultimate tf of the Infinitive is dropped and the two

component parts blended together.
Most.
Must hot.
(Boot in ti mode, and tfozk kandu.) (Boot inW wade, and tfod kanda.)
I Ac. muet or need to break.
t>dtforfj wodekandu,
I Ac. must not, or, need not break.

tJZ&aTi wodekanda.
.
(Boot in fcd wode, and tfouodidi
kandiyadu,
The Negative is formed by

tfouO&dg, kanfiyadalla.
I Ac. ought to break ; or it is proper

for me to break
tii urtStfoQo&rii ndnu wodekandiyadu,
33
J5
Compound Tense.
.
Cannot.
(Infinitive in ttfa paku, and bodw (Infinitive in $ paht, and &

ertytt.)
ariya.)
I &c. can break or I know to break. I Ac. cannot or know not to break.
ZJi&i Codw wodepaku-ariyu,
fctfc SOoj wodepaku-ariya.
SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD.
Aorist Tense Impersonal.
(Fast rel. part. ZJ&3 wodeiu, and the affixes <tt\ tengi, and " teng.)
Z. cth wodelutengi, It I &c. break, shall or should break.
ZsSi ^/ wodetuteng, Although I break &c.
Present and Future Tense Impersonal.
(Present and fut. rel. part. WU$> wodepu, and &$ anake, that, so that.)
u/ZS^j CS'jSt? tcodepu-anake, that I &c. may break.
Negative Impersonal.
(Negative rel. part. ZjScai tSfi'S wodeyatu-anake, that, so that.)
tJdiii t>^S? wodeyatu-anake, That &c. may not break.
In speaking the final ke, is often changed to 'S te.
COMPOUND TENSE.
Formod by adding the Subjunctive Aorist Tense of & iru, to the
present, past, and negative gerunds of the principal verb.
Present Tense Impersonal.
(Present gerund ZJlSodi wodetandu, and C/wdoTv undengi.)
ZJ&oTii {/OozSoTs wodetandu-undengi,
a/X3otoofo7\ wodetandu-dundengi,
"]
. f
*'
Perfect Tense Impersonal.

(Present gerund *33 wodetitu, and woaoiv undengi.)
b/dfi^j cmoot\ wodetifu-undengi,
"1
bzSfc oo* tcodetittundengi,
)1I &c- have orhad broken34
8rd. Conjugation.
NEGATIVE IhPEBSOKAL.
(Negative gerund a.ao&3 woieyate, and wedcfK undtngi.)
1 IfI
to& WsAvh wodeyote-undengi,

tjiai&oT&o'h wodeyatundengi,
4c. break not, broke
not, or shall not break.
8rd CONJUGATION or a verb ending in .

Root nada, walk.
Getwubs, oe Vebbax Pabxiciples.
The Root and
SctorS andandu.
Present. SrfodoA nadandandu,

Past
tou3i nadanditu,
Negative. 2rfod.)i nadayate,
tsofraj anditu.
cA yatte.
Belativb Pabtwipus.
The Root and
Present ") ?^ narfai,,

Future. )
Past.
^Sdorfj nadandu,
Negative, -& nadayatu,
</.
O&j 7.
Compound Belativk Pabwciple.
Present Gerand and
Present.
3ricrio&> nadandandu-,
Future.
Past.
"^
jSdozaotii <4oy
Perfect.
rfobk nadanditu-,
tf^/j u//i/.
.,
Fast Gerund and
Fut. perf.
^
Pluperfect. ^rioStj ôa*
, "//"
40 inj*.
INFINITIVE MOOD.
The Root and
$TT1fi nadapaku,
IMPERATIVE MOOD.
Let me &c. walk.
35
Affirmative Mood.
SlNOCLH.
PiUHAb.
1st person, priori) nadakadu,

^cWda nadakadu.
*
2nd Sri nada,
nadairi.
3rd Mas. "1
3rd Fem. ) ttfrfj nadakadu,
#00 nadakadu..
3rd Neu. j
In the 2nd person plural the OJ3 i in omitted and ti is changed into
tS de.
NEGATIVE MOOD.
I &c. walk not, will not walk.
TidÔ nadapule.
or ;3db nadapile.
The letter Ji k, is evidently introduced in the penultimates of the
1st and 3rd persons of the singular and plural of the Imperative mood for
the sake of euphony, the ultimate i du, being the same in all four
conjugations.
AFFIRMATIVE MOOD.
Pbesent Tense. I &c. walk.
(Present rol. part. ?d;) nadapu, and personal affixes.)
1st person. 7it nadapule,
drf^ nadapala. or id nadape,
2nd Srftiafc nadapaya,
drid nadapara.
3rd Mas. )
3rd Fern. > drf$ nadapala,
jSttf nadapala.
3rd Neu. )
Past Tense.
I &c. walked.
(Past rel. part. rtorij nadandu, and personal affixes)

SlNGULAB.
1st per. dotS nadande, or

or rfodo nadandu,
2nd.
?douod> nadandiya,
3rd Mas. )
3rd Fem. > ^rtota nadandatu,
3rd eut. )
PlUBAL.
-liozSi nadandatu.
;3riod nadandira .
dot&j nadandatu.
36
Compound Tensa.
1st Futub Tense.
I shall or will, walk.
*
(Future roi. part. dv nadapu, and personal affixes.)
let. per. ftu nadapu,
$&% nadakku.
2nd.
rfbodj nadapiya,
jirtbri nadapira.
3rd Mas. 1
3rd Fem. fctrf.x nadakku,
<$^*& na4akku.
3rd Neut. )
The 1st person singular of the present tense is also used for the
1st person singular of this tenso.
COMPOUND TENSES.
There are six Compound Tenses in the.Affirmative Mood.
Present Tense.
I am walking Ac.
(Present gerund jtoootk nadandandu and the present Tense of <*!& m.)
^Sdorforii 0\) odu nadandandu-ulliyu,
^rforfodo OOTi narfandandu-vndu.
dodo7& cii nadandanduUiyu,
StSoaodoorfj nadandandundu.
Past Tense. I was walking Ac.

(Present gerund ^Srfodorfj nadandandu, and the past Tense of fttb im.)
SlNQULAB.
^doriorS> fstoStf1 nadandandu-ihju,
^doxiorh foadô
injattt.
^doriouoa*1 nadandandinju,
3.> nadandandinjatu.
Fttbe Tense. I shall or will be walking Ac.

(Present gerund -$dta3 nadandandu, and the future Tense of "^ t'.)
^riorfodj ^\\ nadandandu-ippu,
riorio!ii btfjK
ikku.
âoto&r4 nadandandippu,
ôtoug'jsi nadandandikk.
Perfect Tense. I have walked Ac.

(Past gerund rio>ai nadanditu, and present tense rdi i>u.\
jSdouî W odu nadandittu-vlliyu,
rfou eoorfj
unrfii.
do>3j 7 Odu nadandittulliyv,
"gddt) orfo nadandittundu.
Pluperfect Tense. I had walked Ac.

(Past gerund jidoC)^ nadanditu, and past tense of "e.di trv,\
37
Potential Mood.
7$rtoZV& fo* nadanditU'inju,
^do&S ow nattiindittinju,
jSrio^J &&1 .
injatu.
do3 oSia nadandittinjatu.
Futubb Perfect Tenue, i shall or will or would have walked &c.

(Prciont goruntl dou3 nadanditu, and future tense of 4|d> fr*t.)
Jrloiô fC.rJK nttdanditU'ippu,
do>3j ^tf^ nafandilu-itcku,
riouSU\ uadandittippu,
jSrfoutfj^ nadandittikk.
POTENTIAL MOOD.
The tenses of this mood, as also of the Subjunctive mood, are conju
gated in the same manner as those of the 2nd Conjugation.
4th CONJUGATION or verbs ending in 4 ',

(Root , Beat.)
Gebunds ob Vkmal PaETICIPLES.
Tb Boot end
Present, ^ pojjandu,
Past.
fip&ti pojjitu,
Negative. i&viia) or "fys&gii poyatu, or poyiyatu,
GS
%*k jjandu.
%ijjitu,
oiti yatu.
CO
In forming the gerunds the final vowel of the root, being followed
by another vowel, is converted into at) ja, for euphony's sake. .
Relative Paeticiele.
The Root and
Present alfy^poivu,
$ u>u.
Future, j
Past.
pojju,
aî?,
Negative. ^tosj3&3j or i$p'3i<>'3poiyatu, orpoyyatu, ct^yattu.
In the past participle the final vowel of the root is also left out for
euphony's sake.
CoiiPOTTKD Relative Pabticimes.
Frtent Gerund and
Present.
Future.
Past.
ifa&oiiiCV'Jipojjandu-tilfu,
^p oxk rr^
ippu,
ifaaozh roai inju,
.
38
V0<f>ulfu.
4^1 ipu.
<4o&p inju.
Infinitive Mood.
Put Oomnd and
Perfect.
</9& pojjitu-ufu,
Future.
apagas <W^ pojitu-ippu,
Flufcrfect. ^ 8i **ow
iij/n.
//
>'
"Soa** '">
The omission of the final vowel of the root ta these participle will
also bo noticed.
INFINITIVE MOOD.
The Root inJ
d*J waku.
^pOMJfe poiwaku.
IMPERATIVE MOOD.
(Boot and personal affixes.)
Let me beat Ac.
SnrOTTlAB.
PbUBAb.
1st person. 09) & poi-adu,
esrfj poi-adu.
2nd
i&osipoi,
poiri.
3rd Mas. )
.
3rd Fem. ^. Wtk poi-adu,
poi-adu.
3rd Neu. J
NEGATIVE MOOD.
I Ac. beat not, will, not beat.
4 )3 or poiy-ule, or
& poyyule.
AFFIRMATIVE MOOD.
Pbeseitt Teksb. I beat.
(Present rel. part, i&os^ poiwu, and personal affixes.)
1st per.
SlSOtTbAB.
</909irff poiwafe,
.
^ poivafa.
2nd.
or jmvi,
& poiviya,
$09&4 poivira.
39
Aflrmatlvo Mood.
3rd Mas. ") ôwtf poitala,
3rd Fem.
3rdNeut.J
^/toirf^ poivafa.
The final vowel (Q9j) f the root in this tense is often turned into
double ojjj yyu.
Past Tense.
I &e. beat.
(Past rol. part. i$p&. pojju, and personal affiles.)

SlNOULAB.
PbtJHAL.
1st per.
3/rt| pojje,
iiP^* pojjatu.
2nd.
&> pojjiya,
ttfiuji pojjira.
So
3rd Mas. ")

3rd Fem. > ^p j pojjatu,
3rdNeut.)
*
1st Future Tense.
t>&i pojjatu.
I shall or will beat &o.
(Future rel. part. ÔSj^j poiwu, and personal affixes.)

1st per.
pot> tm poiwu,
t&josj vo or poiyu.
2nd.
i&os&c) poiviya,
posjd poivira.
^sodo poyyu.
J, -pR8' ôsj^)
poiwu, or
3rd Fent.
oyy.
^3/ roôtie.
oyy.
In the 1st person singular of all such tenses b e is equally used,

at tlie option of the speaker, with the silent in the ultimate vowel
or syllable.
The different tenses of the potential and subjunctive Moods are
conjugated in the same manner as those of the 1st Conjugation.
It will have been noticed that the 1st person plural and 3rd person
singular and plural in all the tenses are of the same form and termi
nation.
In the present and perfect tenses of all the conjugations, the ultimate
"$ /e may be changed to /i, and cxJjj yu, added.
In the past negative gerunds and Relative participles, and in all
tenses, in which such gerunds and participles form component parts, the
ultimate " t may bo doubled.
Similarly the ultimate rf k of the Infinitive mood of all the conju
gations may be doubled.
40
al Verbt.
In the let person plural and 8rd person singular and plural of the
several future tenses, the ultimate vowel <> may be either long or
short, and the ultimate vowel of the 2nd person, singular is also often
lengthened.
The Ooorgs, in speaking, often change the ultimate vowel, eilont

of the root in verbs of the 1st conjugation into 4 i ; and the ultimate
vowel ob e of the roots of verbs of the 2nd conjugation in to 5 a.
In the Imperative mood of the 3rd Conjugation the consonant tf
would seen to hare been introduced between the root and affixes for
the sake of euphony ; the affixes being the samo in all four Conju
gations.
CAUSAL VERBS.
Causal verbs are generally formed by the additions of tid ehiru, to
the root of any verb ; as sJerfj mdu, to do ; > dj mddu-eUru, to
cause to do ; but in very many verbs pi is inserted between the root
and the affix, as
' kodu,
yee,
"$ nada,
liCb kudi,
ZS wode,
,
to give
sit
walk
drink
beak
to go
#jsrfjSjs#d> kodupichiru, to cause to give

/ lirii
to cause to sit.
?7&2#d>

walk.
tfjubEffdj

drink.
ZJ&brb
n n break.
îbeldj
go.
But for this there would appear to be no fixed rule, and it could
only bo learnt by practice.
Boot crarfj e#di mdduehiru,
Present.
Fast.
Negative.
Gebunds.
irorfj 'adi mdduehendu.
Jeirfjalj mdduehitu.
sJrezii eld mdduchirate.
These gerunds are compounded in the same manner as those of the

Active verbs, the ultimate d r of the root being omitted in the present
and past gerunds.
41
r
Infinitive Mood.
Eblative Pabtciplks.
Present & 7 jjazio e#dT) mduchirvu
Compounded in the
Future. 5
manner ae those of Active
Past
verbs, except that in the
Negative. JJBTj e&ti mdduchiratu
past ( is used instead of
jSjso Sao mdduhettu.
et.
Compound Eelativb Pahticiplbs.
Present gerund and
Present. ' sJjrfj?$oT&> er^/o mduchendu-uUu,

Future.
JjsrfjS-odi &\
The past gerund and
Perfect.
tJBrfjelj ($ mdduchitu-,
Fut. perf. Jjirfjslaj <&
Pluperfect, sajidjelj ôs
roai '.
INFINITIVE MOOD.
The root and
iJS8#djrftfj mduchiruwaku,
IMPEEATIVE MOOD.
Let me &c. cause to do.
Sinquiab.
Plubal.
let person. AJarfceldirfj mdduchirudu,
sissueldrk mddichiradu.
2nd
&' mdduchiru,
#0 mdduchiri.
3rd Mas. ")
3rd Fem. VtJBzkeldido mdduchirudu,
3rd Neu. J
sSJSueJddj mddichiradu.
'
"
In the 1st person plural and 3rd persons singular and plural the
penultimate may be either d r, or dj ru. The second syllable do du,
may be changed into ii, throughout the conjugati :
NEGATIVE MOOD.
I, &c. do not or will not, cause to do.
(Eoot and personal affixes.)
rfjrfjeldo We mdduchiru-ule, or rijrfje#dj^j mdduchiruvule.
43
Passive Verb.
AFFIRMATIVE MOOD.
Present Tense. I &c. Cause to do.
(Present rel. part, ^jvdiiit^ mdduchiruvu, and personal affixes.)
Sinoulab.
rijAeldJS mdducMruvi, or
sSjadjeadid^ mduchiruvale,
Plebai.
rfjsrfjsldjc' mdducMrurafa.
Past Tense. I . caused lo do.

(Past rel. part. ijzi>eio>, mdduchiffu, and personal affixes.)
SlNGUbAK.
PbUBAL.
sirarfjâ. mddUcJii((e,
J37i>e3,^j mdduchiffatu.
1st Futuiie Tense. I, &c. shall or will causo to do.

(Futuro relativo part, toarijeldi^ mdduchiruvu, and personal affixes.)
Sikoulab.
tjdje#dj^) mdduchiruvu, or
rijerfjs'dj mdduchiruve,
P/.VBAL.
> mdduchiru.
Tlie compound tense of this mood as also those of the potential

and subjunctive moods, are formed in the samo mannor as thoso of the
regular verbs of the 1st conjugation.
The Coorgs, when speaking, often convert the ultimate dj ru, of tbo
root into rfo du, in causal verbs ; and also double the penultimate e#
ehi, of the root.
PASSIVE VERBS.
There is no form of tl<c passive verb in the Coorg dialect, the active
form being invariably used.
IRREGULAR, VERBS.
There are a few verbs, which are irregular in the formation of their
present and past gerunds, and also of their present and past tenses.
The irregularity in the gerunds would appear to consist in the insertion
43
Irregular Verbe.
of certain consonants between tbe root of the verb and the affixes of the
gerunds, or in the changing of the ultimate consonants of the roots into
other consonants, apparently for the sake of euphony.
These remarks are also applicable to the irregular formation of the
present and past tenses ; as for example the present and past tenses of
the verb Scjj, nillu, to stop, ought to be, according to tho regular
formation of such tenses of the first conjugation, $#,*J$ nilluvafe,
and Styfi nillune, respectively ; instead of which these verbs forms *V$
nippale, for it's 1st person singular in the present tense, and to ninde, for it's past tense.
44
Irregular Verba.
* I i i I
1 Hi*
*#
^f
8 w *> f/ if S b n p 15 i? ^
Si
'
S
| *
" * " -
2'
s V. 1s -Ii
ti
f .
5 vP s
v? to
88 Pi BwH 8 8
**
s
"a
3!
**
'S
'*
***
;*
<*
e"
rf
^*
%i
^ ^
'S.
*
5
S
H
EPu
a
*
10
| |l if! iff.!
f .
f I f f 4 ill
2
S
>
*
3S
-S
W
5 13 %
sa
i i
I If 4
4 4 8 *
? 1
ti ti
fill
i $ "i
. )
"
TJ
S'
S
.8
)0
,
Adverbs.
The pronounciation of the verb rfk must be noted, the long * in
this word is pronounced between the sound of the silent and that given
by the French to the vowels
ADVERBS.
Adverbs nre generally formed by the addition ttosti dyitu, to noun
and adjectives ; as,
chi, beauty.
, ffutlu, secret.
5t5 ne're, straight.
end vdtla, long.
tiv lata, strong.
tSOiii ehdidyitu, beautiful.

7&iro.oej3j ffutfditu, secretly.
S?"3 osô nreditu, straightly.
tntitSoi&i uddaditu, longly.
tovaioasit balaeditu, strongly.
Somo adverbs are declined like nouns in the singular numbor j as,
Stf^ akka, then, that time.
No. &$l akka, or esii o akhale.
Ac. 3^> akkletdna.
In.
epsV^ss^Sôrfj gondii.
Da. es* ^j akkaleku, or es^< akkatdngu.
Ab. es#^3^p04{j akkaletdna-chellitu.
Ge. eriIsraozi akkaletdnda.
Lo. esFiaW akkaletdlu.
In like manner are declined "4^ it, now, oSjtfi yekka, when, o5jtf<
eu yekkalu, every day eoô annatu, such or that kind && <?ft, which e^tf^ ttkkakka, now then or * akkakkalu, rojj^j <, this kind ^pffi poldka, morning pakka, near. polache,
early morning.
?? ninndndu, yesterday.
No.
Ac.
In.
ôpsodj ninndndu.
?o^sodoSB^
/</, or JaojjreriijJ ninndnduna.
?o?odojOJ,
fof/u, or ?5 ninndndinji.
46
Adverb.
Da.
Ab.
JoôtWj mnndndeiu.
J>o;raoriire<i SSA ninndndutdna-chellitu.
Ge.
J)03,80C3'350t{ ninndndutdnda.
Lo.
J}o;jori3 ninndndulu.
In like manner are declined moneydndu, day before

yesterday: 8 aJjaorij mattiydndu, day after tomorrow tystM&i^polanjatti*
dawn
majjana,
noon toOwBi, Jet', evening <7, that
day ; and ôcb Wu, this day.

jSi^ '/, tomorrow.
No. JJstf ndje.
Ac. pafo&ss^ ndleyatdna, or px^j;* ndfetuna.
In. ^ ndfeinji, or ;w^j8J ndletlofu.
Da. pn^^ ndjeku.
Ab. ?* S^> ndena-chellitu.
Ge. ^^Tl /ere,
or ?sfo&Sorf nd]eyatd*da.
Lo. ;ro$e '/te,
^btJccJj sse
nd]eyatdlu.
ts> eW, there,
No. esg, .
. &! alliyaldna.
In. esdoaS allinji.
Da. alliku.
Ab. esS> & s&j alliyatdna-ehellitu.

CO
"*
Ge. 5 oossorf alliyatdnda.

Lo. & alliyatdlu.
In like manner are declined <, <W, here ; f0 y*W, where ; <(8
' *, out ; & /, middle ; crie t//, dim ; Jrieo We/,
upper; exxJ^ ieyya,
after or behind uaocffeo minnyalu, before U
yedike, opposite.
The following are some of the indeclinable adverbs.
&o$$ annane, some manner.
e> alate, except.
to
*
& allengi, or, else.
47
Adverbe.
e>tf^ , that Instant.
tn^têu akkakkalu, from time to time, gradually.
CrjStf&a dnakalu, though, notwithstanding.
rSi anahe, just the same.
clieng, however.
Tlsd inji, than.
< inneni, lu this manner.
&^& ikkdyitu. Instantly.
bozfoa yenda, at any time.
^$ yennane, In what manner.
oij yen/ a, however.
tfêu yekkalu, every day.
iffri ij yekkdhi,
tytijtii ,
untreu yekkdnaka, at any time.
iffs^5% yekkdehengi,,,
uvtô7(jb yekkdcheng,,,
uoti yendu, so that, and.

Euorfo womma, once.
es>ô akkenne, that very time.
bo^jj inny/, afterwards.
;StJ neVe, straight.
;SosjoX neingane, smoothly.
Si^JjoX^ minungane,
'aoTi'S mundate, for nothing, in Tain.

l5#e- per/a, many, much.
ssE-Oiaj pertditu, abundantly.
Seo beriya, quickly.
joê minnye, In front, before.
/jsotjj gondu, by means of, through.
?$ oi:^j minnyeditxe, In front before.
& me/fc, slowly, gently.
yekkdnakalu, always, at any time.

5 oijo bredilu, separately.
rfbaj OOSj^j bcriyaditu, swiftly.
tfju Airfa, also, together.
Postpoetion.
S $ akkenne, immediately.
tso^- WsSoXJ annune-cheng, at least, although.
o;S tfjStfe annane-dnakalu,
5 innane, In this manner.
0& yennane,, what have.
&;& yennaneyu, by any means.
2 ^ yennane-deheng,
POSTPOSITIONS.
The following postpositions govorn tho accusative and genitive case*
of nouns and pronouns.
tfjjrtS Mde, with, along with.
3-dio kidalu, down.
tSo^ penny, after.
Sbc^ minny, before, front.
zjcrfjj itfyya, after, behind.
o3j3 t? yettanake, until, till.
S-ô chellitu, on account of.
. . - ,?
-,".'.:
;
-. /:
< . - -.'..'
iSj^ allatte, besides.

ts$tii afateku, as far as.
<
. -'
& >7e, above, upon.

sSjiou^j bonditu, for, on account of.
The following govorn the dative case.
e>07raosjâ angditu, for.
.
s:
, . .' ; *
,'. '.' ,S
8>odio bayya, after, behind.

>3$t minny, before, front.
L
,
&^# e, above, upon.
"''.' ''' "' '
e>* alate, besides.
' . -: ''' .
: -" '' <.'
sSjbou^j bonditu, for, on account o

...
iSSi chellitu,
,,
CONJUNCTIONS.
tf$o\ dchengi, or, even, any.
Ltexje tions"
S^ dnakka, bat.
yrfo du, bo it .
?^5/> dnagondu, on account of that.
&zipi\jboz&} adana-gondu,

\ t'nnyii, yet, still.
ts)
" alate, besides.
CO
66, and, also, oven.
oSjo^js yenno, whether it is or not.
^jerS kda, also
. i-i7/e. neither, nor.
ew -atta,-
INTERJECTIONS.
55303 ,
***** m. oha:d7riveofeOTrow
0O5Ja wm,
woS^p wuyy,
S ",
\
,
.
Expressiveof surprise, pleasuro
i admiration, and reproach.
j
O! oh!
,
0 a""
,
&c<je wohh6,
*
e$? cA,
' ?
f
expressive of.
disgust.
PARTILES.
There are only two particles, ofo y, which denotes doubt and is
negative, and Wo um, which denotes the affirmative.
Tho Kulos of syntax aro identical with those of the Oanarese language.
50
.-. i-
VOCABULARY.,
A.
Bice, food,
A Shop,
An Elder brother,
The Post,
An Estimate,
Breadth,
A Washerman,
A Petition,
To Esamine,
To Drive,
*ê v4.
es} an-na,
esoXa angadi,
(Sors an-na,
anche,
" ^/ htfu.
SoXa angadi.
espM ennu.
f"3 "
' ' J. - SoS anche.
?1 anddju,
''
'" " '-
r
'-
tsozs^> auddj*.. ....-1

esX /.
.. j."
esXei affala,
&aa&t> madiyaju.
* ar/'t.
I **.
esaSs- arji,
Sjscj,
1>
n(u,
tusesJ30s:>7> ajamdybu,
âaldi, ciî w#9&3j, ,
(>7(7i agasa,
chiru, davutu.
A river dam,
C9? anne,
Half a fanam,
An alarm,
Hinderance,
A foot,
rf adda,
*
ns^ addvudi,
liS, hatte.
es
are-pana.
^ addvudi.
esa addi,
''
esa adi,
z? arfe.
esa odre j. - or
Arecanut,
\*
Cooking, ' .**'"
esa adihe,
( adehe.
;5o;5x5r manepani.
A Country fig,
A Civil Court,
Hatred,
Half,
To Enjoy,
Suspicion,
To Say,
Several, Many,
Earity,
es3 atti,
*SZSi>ti&b addlatu,
mo(lu.
KfoR adige,
r
,
esS riopsj atti-pannu.
An Order,
tszssvi addlatu.
tsnrefj advatu,
tST$e~ ardha,
ts$i$&Ts anubhavisu,
tSpiînp anumdna,
(>'( an-nu,
.
7s:otrf-> suhha-padu.
^jrfjajj anumdna.
otar, tStJ 1/, />#.
esjStf anka,
ildjat aparpa,
estd.*! aparpa.
estvrf appane,
t>-6^> appane.
51
-.
Vocabulary.
*^1< .
Irregularity,
Tax on productive treeei
District Devenue officer,
On the part of Go-
vernment, .
J
Sir,
King,
Half,
Know,
First,
^ aw-valu,
Measurement,
tS$3 late,
Everlasting,
e>go> akshaya,
Squirrel,
Thin Cake,
tS$Q alala,
S^ -pala,
;
Ot^T} appalitu,
*> v*4 '"gj^ barbai-
05 abandare,
jjoosj amardyi,
scroti %
TfcsSEJStfe subdru
esrfJB^ amdni,
OzSjifc amdni.
tsoijb ayyd,
tSti arasu,
(SodJS.o ayyJ.
5, do i/, tco-
5& drevdsi,
ariyu,
tu jMfi.
[illatu.
^.
Ort.
fc.od3 ondane.
f>#3 efofe.
besi j rtkzb erocb ye
kkdlu-ippadu, bdvadu.
Beat, To slap,
^ apaJchydti,
Infamy,
Adoration,
Solicitation,
&ACodu Jcoriyu.
TiArf pappada.
S^j \f jeppu, en.
- apakrthi.
esaoqsd alanMra,
6JSOSJ //i.
85o arike,
csetf, artkey,
enuyo.
Necessary Ceremony,
Odttir
prasta,
"Want,
Always,
^ apkshe,
^d anavarata,
& dee.
- eiy,
esas- er;'.
Kindness,
Petitioner,
Petition,
Tank belonging to "*<
Government,
J
awasara-
ouodj zJjoX dndiyamangala.
VTyt ekkdlu. ttikodi.

eso^gdra antahkarana, bjSpriti, tVt pirita,4
-^ ardashtu, bpijibKwiipriyddigdru.
srire? era^j s;}#& 7ta(T7d3.> tf-e, stsJj #

amni-here,
sarakdradu-kere, aramane kere.
Yawning,
End,
Become,
Beyond,
Pbj.
<}*<?$ dklike,
hwale.
03?dj hheiru,
tfj </,
f, j& ?, <*.
efc erij (p, frf.
?E$ a'c.?,
5 apparatu.
*V /to/.
52
Vocabulary.
-,
Outh, Anna,
Profit,
Beginning,
Respective,
Sugar Mill,
Consider,
i vAtj% due,
OzSiCi dddija,
07 dne.
ZSiS&l larubei, tsibaru
tSb ddi,
tfu ddi, Kbdi rv.
tfojsoj dydya,
csddi adadu.
die,
tst die.
Stelds, $#. *-
Cf&<a;etj dlucliim
richiru, niriehin(u.
(Sris)j dtdmi.
Individual,
Estate,
*/,
Servant, , k., ,
tf$> tf/j,
Eeign,
?#> f/tf,
' '.
Instant,
^ dkshna,
Collector ofa small
\ Jujbw <foi/u,
District,
CTsajO dddbu,
Kespect,
tffh&J !, ^J aj.
&, 8. <, hadku.
& du.
ts-o$3 lln.
etfi o$ aklcenne.
7i25c53du subhddru.
Wtodj mariyddi.
4.
1.1.
7fr3 gltige.
*.
^SstS y</r,
Contract,
Put down,
V"
Increase,
fâw yap,
Is,
Be,
Go down,
<4tS tW<?,
Eat,
tVt,
Thus,
< in//,
o5jd re.
eroorfc unrf.
Xidj ir.
4di ,
-?? 5 if-UJu,
*ritfj3p0u kidakupu,
ye/.
4o innene.
u.
).
moi vndu.
There is,
.. . ,
n/,
Production,
,!'.
OU^\S utpatii,
rtJC putfuvoji, l5jtf

tw bojachalu.
Situation, Occupation,
udyga,
A place whore salt is I

. .
manufactured,
"
Cultivate,
W^J *'
ie
tfbi) clidlcri.
t/bb& vppAle,
W>$3 fu.
e>07TCOS& dngditu.
On account of,
w^ n**Wjw,
TJ.
well,
ew
.'
rTr pudupu.
WIj idu,
63
Vocabulary.
* v*.
WO ufa,
Meal,
Village,
Guess,
Cidro v*-5-
': ?.
CATdj ru,
. .':
OV)ao7J hisu,
W5d> Vu.
[im.
^S nen*, Joeldi brich-
bojjra enthd,
pî yennatu.
T^ fh(u,
* yechcliaku.
E.
Front side,
"What sort,
How much,
i?^, butf minye, yedi-
. s. .
E.
Union,
Blow,
[e.
&i ka,
'
'
. '""'"
fc.'
One'man,
'
- kocuOMlio wondditu.
.;
& ?.
o.
-V
^SOSJ^J
/JOIU,
rfo^J
Xj
to kitttu, guddu.
, - S-djjf!o7J wobbu,
woru-manasu.
- " -
O.
Eead,
Eun, .
&.
& orfu,
or du,
&>rf wdu.
':'-'>
&)rfj
Je/u.
,'1-''
'"'
'
Ka.
Assessment land Tax,
tfocroodo kanddya,
Eye,
? Jcan-nu, PS
Blanket,
Woaa kambali.
Deficiency,
. . B'oj ham-mi, ,
Office,
rSO kaclichri,
Construct,
tfjTji ka(t tau,
Small shallow pond or
dam,
j *%**.
;
tfrfXj kadagu,
Ford,
#rf^) kadavu,
Gutter,
tfncosj kaddyi,
Kettle, pan,
Cut,
tfi erf/,
Side,
tf efe,
Deficiency, remnant,
rrfj hdame,
Valley,
rfo- kanave,
Cut,
.. _., ... & b7) kattarisu, V54
tfocso.) kanddya.
yioFSi .
tfoaj kambali.
..
tfoSo kammi, 'jbxieiiikot&cbhacliri. [rachalu.
tfojEldj katfichiru.
*%* *!* *'^> êe
a well.
dn) kadavu.
ZJS\ obu.
tfnso) kadya.
î kettu.
2)0 ari.
AJoa'jStj minjunadu.
/.
î *ff'" ?^ ffiMrt'. .
Vocabulary.
Darkness,
Proprietor, lord, J:
tf^ kattale,
4dJ ira/.
TftJ lathe,
iJrfj padiuia.
rukru, ic aijehur .
Story,
xr-
Door,
- " '.-,.-(.
Tj&padi.
-.ffafr krama, .
.... Srfr nadapu.
c;-
[,
Regularity,
tfdXj karagu, ,,.;
Melt,
.,
karaku, OUdjtf -
,
ifrfe kadachi.
Calf,
tfd'A-ara,
Call,
Head station of a Dis
tf-cdoi kareyu,
trict,
i/ /,
Sugar Cane,
6:oE$S7>X ondanjdga.
kasab,
ff$3, #> A-e/u, -.
;.
l?2W\ kahbu,
?$57 kaluhhim,
eye.
Send,
Difficult, ;- .'>;'
tfCw kash(a,
tft,. tf& A-</ffa, *aff.

t
tftj. -//.
Proceedings of a suit,
tfJ, -,
Debt,
Thief,
?f^
63
''
<!'
Aa//e,
*# Ae//.
?.
K.
Appear,
Protect,
'.
.
''"''
.
990203, > kmba, kd.
trafQj , . ...'';>
:
,
= tfA-ii, chdku.
Busto kdpdu, ' * " . '
Public works, '-'* iC "' ^ kmagdr, .

odjtrsi 3 yakkdlu, trsod
erodio kyam,
Permanency,
ViOSy& kyide,
Usage,
Sick,. ;
,V\U i^f:
kyile,
v..v -
Eeason,
Now in force,
, .
tc,
wadfS krana,
vwAb?te-JV$
jSt^) nadapu. rkayam.

, ,;.
. Sjsozj nomlala.
- 5 wo/t.
f!(*(Srftd3
parivartamna,
"Wet season,
ikka-nada-
kdla.
padu.
rf~Kbt) malegla.
y>. .,..
vai kru,
beg,
..._ ;.--;_^,',- klu,
Watch guard,
. '-' wro kvalu,
vtoi klu.
"tnxi para.
Ki.
43 kit-tale,
Orange,
Trifling trouble, ' ' ;- tiitfj^ kirukufa,
i3 Ai'/, *? .
frti&itf kirukufa.
Commandant of a Fort, AeS^CdJ killddru,{
aÔ^fr killddru.
55
"Vooabulary.
**art> v>4.
** vA.
. .
*.
Pull,
*#j ,
Ku.
bd, ^0 bolt, port.
Assistance,
tfiojtfo kum-makv,
kummaku, vattsa sa-
Drink,
&9$ kudiyu,
Heap,
tf;05j kuyi,
Sheep,
AW.
[kdya.
JMtri, .
tfjeO Aor.
K.
tfjB.
Cry loud,
tfjsXj ,
ktu-kodu, moreyidu.
To Sit,
Join,
tfjeii, tfjaTJi kdu, kru:, Xfjbi k(u, lijvds kdu.
tfjsrfj ,
'
Ke.
Buby,
To Spoil,
Tank,
Somo,
Business,
Under,
tfoij ,
"it^,, Sja; , eh-
'Si kedu,
SS^) pdldvu.
''S Itere,
tftf er.
tfo^j kelavu,
sSojSoXj chennangu.
t?)7 kelata,
Jp jiant.
"tf-R Mage,
rfo kidalu.
K.
Ask or hear,
Thief, Prisoner,
'
*. : tftfo *>,
$$ klu.
- -
ty ,ifetf,tfltyto*0rf
Ae//, /, tappumd-
Hand,
"Workman,
tfOSJ *y,
tftosj keiyi.du. Vdunava.
^3sr37rad keivdduffdra, "^, ripiffdi panikdru.

Deposition,
#La$jj keipiyatu,
tflboSii / *'piyatu, vangmla.
Ko.
Boom,
Give,
Axe,
tija.
Aatu kofhadi,
A/sogyd kmbare.
&JVds orf,
? orf.
- rfj^j Aorf/,
56
Vocabulary.
***> V81-
** vA.
^& kollu,
Ell,
tfjtt, tfjodb //,
konduru.
odod3,Jbd yerfu, *orw.
.. -.. -.
Buy,
*^1 kof-U,
A.
A>P8 ,
Buffalo.
Anger,
Kha.
^p;0 /kW.
Sa '.
tfacxi, ,
.
tOorfX khandaga.
toziiw kharchu.
A measure of Capacity, OorfX khandaga,

oe&E- kharchu, Expense,
^ khajdne,
Treasury,
Instalment of Tax, Dry land,
Imprisonment,
)7J khistu,
* toa*e-khdne.
)? , tfo^j AAi kantM.
OJ>Al khushki,
êi >o/e.
__0
j5tj kheidu.
st>V)7j^ khdnitwndri, tT>>TixS3*bkhdnitumdri.
lil kheidi,
Census,
*.
Ga.
Sandal wood,
7vo^ gandha,
tmtcb cMndu.
tfd, o Aroreee, to
Chatty, pot,
Tiu' gadige,
"Wet land,
Householder.
pen-.
deo,
d blu teta.
? gad-de,
T<ili oA>artJj graha- tfjurf^rafc, &wKk oravukdru, manekdr*.
ata, yajamdna.
,. ....
. -''''
G.
Cart,
Oil mill,
Village,
7TO
7, a'A', band*.
^,
7 ,
ytnnegdna.
7) grama,
ewdJ ru.
Leaves of a kind of"]

intoxicating Indian ?. T\T>QSb,eSo'hgdnj bhangi \ bhangi.
plant,
Gi.
Tree,
Purchaser,
Gi.
Line or Stroke,
J
%.
vd rrf
s&tJ niara.
TvOi girdki,
, T?(ti^), ^Jbrfcî kpatv,

kovvavu.
H ^#,
57
%OJ, ^ftl, 0r".

H
"Vocabulary.
*#^ lf\t.
Gu.
Collection of a people,
*> V*'
Xj.
7?jor ffumpu,
Xrt! , Xaor yuddegumpu,
Tent,
Iloap,
Xjctst guddra,
760 gud-de,
7taS r^#.
Pit,
guni,
tfjorfi kund.
Contract,
Aim,
Mark,
Uproar,
7<iS f, guttige, r
7\ gur,
Xjs- gurtu,
4bj, TQ kurri, gur.

Xrs- gurta.
Year or month past,
Tent pin,
Basket.
Cultivate,
Firmness.
Manuro.
Plain Bing,
Cha.
Service,
Calumny, slander,
Choidtry,
Small,
Chit,
Spot,
Interest,
Piece,
Flint stone,
Scorpion,
*, guddra tarn.
t* guttige.
Xj*3, Tria yu#a, eaddu.

Tta gul-lu,
CO "
Xorfftt) gujashtd, "e^ SoXj or vti) keinjutingu, or A/e.
gudastd,
Xjb&3
tt> </# .
Xjs gil(a,
riel od pachchiya.
XjszS gude,
/od gyu,
"ji got-tu,
$03} keyi.
,^ gottu.neppu.
tfjssvd gob-bara,
efzpa chdna.
40 glu.
>5 gshvdre,
Abstract,
Head man of a Village, 7?3rf gouda,
ghanfe,
Ghurry,
"Wound,
,
Flat thin brick,
'.
urufu, batate.
&u%VS?<gS gshvdre.
",50 gouda,va\la.
, skf ghan(e,mani.
&, tf, zSabghdya,
kale, muri.
*.
chadara bille, erfde chadara-bille.
,>O ehdkari.
= chdkari.
",
cArf.
^ cJidvadi,
eysda chdvadi.
#1, 7fs ,* Sbodido cheriyadu.
elfcfc #,
tti chltu.
C&4l chukki,
tirf chuu.
\ddi.
g&oXQ chungadi,
e&oXa, fc>5 chungadi, ba
tjs) churu,
ttd chakmuki,
T&Ztfi chlu,
e&fi>di,a.orfj chru,tundu.
&&>&( chakumukki.
duraku.
58
Vooabulary.
' .
(Merlj v4.
** yi.
Pure,
lljS^ ey>hM,
^^joaf nallu-dnju.
Thoft,
1??0 ehri,
't^/jtj kallatana.
tS^Jfl olihaphdvani,
4/b eldo^; vojipiehiru.
Concealment,
MV
Settlement of Assess- L 8J8jou jamdbandi,
8rtJJ9250> jamdbundi.
tnAnf
UlVUVf
eauJ^j jamlnu,
#jSo bhmi.
bf$ jana,
risgri manasa.
Land,
People,
bsav$ javna,
Peon or Servant,
i
lltcdrv, klukdru.
"Jntpdda.
? jdnabu,
Presence,
,:
J.
txtiii, **
8tiB(X jdgrale,
Quickness,
'
leriya.
ê.
em( jdga,
Place,
Mark of a foot step,
efblijdde,
7't.
Clever man,
8 jdna,
dj, wsercwdi, tf
**
p3 ow buddhikdrv,ehi
Idkdru, heniyu.
IfX), &rs3 /tula, jdti.
titjdti,
Caste,
Security,
Increase,
t %l
Kepresentation,
Estate,
, .
fcreJ5>a jdminu,
#j>F tone.
Otti jditi.
ie-, >er<a, Mro.
jdhiru,
fs- erA*.
sida,
aSodTv jindagi,
> .'" ;
.
Jealousy,
Life,
. ;
Fine,
?fo.je^J vadave,
tdmdna.
trf jid-du,
rjjise- maj-ma.
Ujlva,
$ jurmdne, .
toti, ^p^srerii <fano,
tS-djva.
polevddu.
. '
i*
*>.
orti <anpu,
.
.> ".
rstrU tj aippudu.
Lodge,
Trouble,
Father,
Fit,
OS en/tf.
o5 <an/ff,
..;: ',
,.v;i.
ozS tande,
'> tak-ha,
59
,- ;-..
. i..
esT^ ,
BS^ôuojs^j
*.
bndiyd-
Vocabulary.
Dispute,
teBdi takardru,
tfosda takardru,
Advance for cultivation,

Demand,
Hit,
DoarnesB, high price,
Dismissal from service,
"vzti taMvi,
takdde,
XJ tagalu,
Xj fe^-,
Titbii tageiru,
xoXd mingada.
?cr , tagdde.
Tj padu.
Ort taggu.
2>t^r8-, d&eutb^) 6ratarpu, yedatubuduvu,
Fault,
Or \ tap-pu,
Adoption of prompt \ . . . . ,
...
measures,
} *tid#d> taraddu,
#rjj \ /e/>p.
Sort,
dne tarahd,
JBU; <d tnddfi, tara,
"Wet land,
T bring,
#0 ,
dj /or,
**>
at tale,
eysrfi^) pechdduvu,
Su 7w.
adobero, jaoira yedutah, kondd.
iti mande.
Peon attached to a vil-"|

lago,
J ^fsred talavdra,
Immediately,
^f- takshana,
tfj^/ essQtfo kujavddi, bdrku.

&fo$, a,d akkenne,
Quickness,
2foi5 tware,
tooj beriya,
wodane,
T.
Copper,
To hit, to touch,
35.
Sog^ tdmbra,
AMandate, a writtonl _a w *>,-*

V Batfctj tdkidu,
order,
Grandfather,
ss tata,
Trouble,
jaorf- tondare,
Garden,
'Sjbi tfa,
Tope, Grove,
Show,
Gun,
cliembu.
di, && padu,
jBj^) tpu,
vOuKb tritu,
todu, tunda,
tRij utra.
&;, & tta.todiya.

"ejbXy tpu.
tui^&fctfo balya-tku.
Da.
Army,
Cattle, -
t.
tozi) dandu,
tort> dandu.
tst alta.
'
Vooabnlarj.
Favour,
dod>, doeSod) daya, H-
tod) eye,
rubiya.
d$a?d daphdra,
Head Peon,
dape'ddru, gottvgdru.
eysd, fseffid vichara,
Enquiry, trial,
ts^ darydpthi,
Bobbery,
Camp,
T9&& darde,
Admission,
Cousin,
40 dakhalu,
^L^c1 ha]]atana.
5 <)^ .
v
hhm- jdya.
idj^j iruvu.
Usodrau ddyddi,
, 7cs7TOdj<W-
iehdra.
td*T>X darajga,
yoTft, eantdnagdrv.
Di.
t7\t)i digalu,
Alarm, fear,
A day,
P^/j, dj?5^J, ?
ta7i divasa,
tj '/, t> arundfu, vannand.
Du.
English penny, a pice,

Second,
Bepair,
Zkds duddu.
tor;3 dandane.
OSj&ai^j ehdyi-H-
&rij dud-du.
duyam,
djdKJ duraitu,
tuvu.
Da.
djdd rfu'ra.
Distance,
rijd ,
A
.."... T^ deb-be,
Blow,
-..,
poitu.
D.
zS.
ac diva.
God,
Lands belonging
tbe gods,
Country,
_ *5ada devant,
Tfz&udu) dvaia-bmi.
> TSasdod) dvdaya,
S(i, owodi *AAe, *-
d'i oY*Aa,
Cl
Vocabulary.
**!4.
04a v4.
tSjs dhhu, .
.,
Body,
harira taii.
&A.
Do,
Largo,
4
"
'
Na.
Prostration,
, '.
joeij dcJtu,
?A^j, BTs^j , hdtu.
$.
TSf5 dhani,
tf./Bdcroffi'dj horavukdru.
"4^ dhap-pa,
tp?> dhwani,
tfvft^l .
Plunder,
Native wearing Cloth,

Negligence,
zSjsoFs donne.
?.
Do.
Dha.
amodia balliyu.
5< dodda,
"*
don-ne.
Cudgel,
Maaier,
Thickness,
.- Voice,
Courage,
Master or King,
'
toofe bana.
^0J6- dheirya,
^Jc dhore,
#dy dheirya.
^bîj dhtra,
*&^ dtra.
Tjsj'dre drane.
$jtf, sfcSocf fori, twrfey.
dhrane,
?.
tjcfo^d namatkdra,
^Jj , addabvu,
kdlu-pudipu.
Loss,
Trust,
tvL nashfa.
"Soz>3 nambu,
Capital,
To proceed, to walk,
Middle,
Specimen,
Plan,
fiX nagara,
jSuodw nadiiju,
fitii naduve,
$ZjM)s nadlu.
^d)jd$ namne,
'fi' nafyhe,
sJJBiu mddri.
U\ chura.
N.
tfjrfj .
$ nambu.
tib^fb pa((ana.
TSxt nafa.
>
?.
Charge of monej ru- T jrap&j ndnya,

pee, annas and pice, J
;saiOt nlhu,
Pour in number,
psCdi nyya,
Justice,
jssoo&da nydyattiCourt of Justice,
?5o ndnya.
?) 7.
tpsodi nydya.
?&-$ en* nydyatipaja-jdga.
na,
62
Vocabulary,
*
*irt V4.
8^* VA.
tiÂO, \5 hukkutti,
nirpa,
"Written order,
appane.
Limo,
SoS nimbe,
l$,/?to/r?
puli.
a nija,
5 nidde,
8 niehi.
, ill*,
$(tb n/rw.
'*. -.
Truth,
Sleep,
4 '-'>"
Midnight, .,
Stand,
Water,
t
To enter by force,
Hundred numeral,
Shove,
To Plant,
d3\> tarahu.
(SZibzt) nadapddra .
nuggu, ..'::
Swfl ni//.
<di /.
^jXj , tfjado nuggu, idu.
^JS nru, .
Sjsdj nur.
$jd> nlnt,
jatfi nku,
Think,
', '
tjarfj, /icf, ,
'
$zh nedu,
^rfj mzrfu.
^7o nenatu,
;3, tcfctdj nene, Ai-
.,, ',.;,
c7ier.
^ I**,
S era,
Neighbourhood,
Pretence,
Pa.
,"..'! .
., :.,':
oie pancha,
Five numeral,
Torch,
rioai* panju,
..' '.'-
-4
Jury, arbitration,
ehdrango
JStf,
Sji nevara.
esos! anji.
>, , iC/s^jw/, dvafige, potte.
ioeoar panenyita,
toeffsS7rad, *|>-
t&>$ *>
^paffi.
^jfOjj punga.
TBj jwffi.
eMtigra, pancMti.
G ood Lot,
List,
Peel,
Land Grant,
Apprehension,
.- ,i
.-
ttipadu,
jbrfj <oi/h.
t^paffe,
tJ., ri^t* puffe, du.

*, ae^j Tidjpa-
tdipudi-padu.
- ti paite,
*-. '
- * ' .1 ,'
t5s(/ patra.
Bond,
ta 3 pad-dkati,
Usage, Custom, .
tbcia pariebiti,
Acquaintance, .
t,t)
i pallakM, . i .
Palanquiu,
^pahha,
Pavor,
patra.
Sd^j nadapu.
^) ri.
T5&* pulleki.
ti, tfrf pahfka, *a#.
Vocabulary.
v^*vt
Partiality,
'xSît' palcshapdta,
5*/%?* pratyika,
t/ prativddi,
^ pravdha.
t&Q bore.
rtSanu prativddi.
kha.pdta, monydya.
Separate,
Defendant,
Stream,
Ceremony,
According to,
Utensil,
"Waste,
Locality,
Powder,
. \
"Worship, .
Crop,
Pvunaway,
**> vi
tit$ni&, ^ pa-
.:
Produce,
Yeild, grow, .
Servant,
*
Complaint,
Decision,
XiOtoxgip'^tjtf dum-
"Api prasta,
buna-pole bolla.
skoX mngala.
Tjvtri prakdra,
So3 annane.
i!rs\& patra,
\, tit) patra, kala.
b$> pd]u,
îo^ prdnta.
eô pd}u.
$$ thala.
?0 pudi,
^p jpotft.
pS puje,
&rii .
J/s jn^V.
tSja^ io/
tuau pardri,
$S) phala,
vdippu-vofiehippu.
xfo phala.
tS>7 phalita,
tSju^ bole.
btit) pidavi,
fcDou piryddi,
bwntij, & chdkra, diu.

fc&od> piriyddi.
K4n pheisau.
dakaftu.
Ba.
"Waste land,
Cloth,
Conceal,
Exchange,
oftrtb #jbO lanjaru- $ Saaj pdjubhmi.

' ".
,
,, ;.
bhmi,
to, baffe,
CD
toeô bach-chu,
&i($ tuni.
todaaoarj badaldyitu,
Live,
Z&t baduht,
Dismissal from Service, Sitale- baratarpu,
Zj^btii volipicTiirw
badaldyi-
chiru.
$, era^, /M, M.
bharatarpu.chakrinjiyedupu .
Write,
Come,
bar,
to ba,
itfsi yajudu.
M.
64
Vocabulary.
Landbelonghigtothe
Brahmane,
losojtreodi brammhddd- T$,jri2Jj>3j pa(famada-bmi.

ya,
&>oti% bandagi,
Ttvzo, tfarad (ait,
Compliment,
&>u baddi,
a
Bloc' bahala,
e&oXu ehungadi.
T^J=- pert.
Witos bbu,
d <ere.
'}
.
Interest,
Very,
Item,
byalu,
Door,
Plantain,
Almond,
Leave,
' e'/.
bdfe,
'.
bdam,
bdamu.
rk bidu,
Zidi budu.
The Sun,
)7tz>3 bisalu,
Sow,
Fall,
Lock,
Admise of Seeds,
eS^j bittu,
eS3i t7/M.
$ \
eS^j bilu,
^ ,
&0 bfjavari,
Throw,
Wisdom,
8w> buddhi,
Fire,
Hill,
benki,
Dry land,
Jaggory,
Light,
orfeo beddalu,
a
%v*
belld,
Cri
tt, 6e#a,
.;
Grow,
Crop,
Maragosa tree,
Want,
Beg,
Abuse,
Teach or persuade,
t^ belaku,
bittuvari.
, erk *, eJiddu.
, dwew buddhi, .
J*
tfoorfj kundu.
?4, ^> bne, pola.
e55>
belld.
3jb<?, i5jri\*eft <.
JjB^ o'fe.
dja^ /.
s3u skd bvina-mara, S^jrfod bvu-mara.
SjBjodj bndu.
tî bku,
sSjBri, odor 6<W, yei*
SjrJ erfa,
eSosj ieyi.
s3o eyu,
TSabeido padipichiru.
^& bcleyu,
Sjso^S bombe,
i\&d gombe.
Idol,
Paddy,
Pear,
us bhatta,
$
K nellu.
Devotee,
t&f bhakto,
Share,
ps7v bhga,
'0& bhaya,
65
etffc baktu.
rw, ~&>P Plu> **'
i

Vocabulary;
tpv bhva,
**tfrt> .
^J .
) bhvi,
tfps, *5 kanatare,
*s\e ft A.
Condition of being,
Well,
kta.
Language,
tptQ bhdshe.
^ takku.
Land,
ijauj bhmi,
uw.
Aloe plant,
>33^) bhtle,
troj?# rdkshatakei.
Earthquake,.
cSjhtoii bhkampa,
83JSJ
Tieft,
Purging,
j^fcS /,
kdmbu.
# ,
jsrb^j, "vci^^) turu
^SzijXjtj m-
naduguvadu.
r, kelaya\avu.
Ma.
Understanding
Cot,
Son,
,
Marriage,
House,
Tree,
Man,
Forget,
t*
rioodKo, mandalfu,
anz mancha,
"jtii gottu.
^x ka((u.
lSjt>^ (.
maga,
sJjrs menor,
riju madive,
sbfo .
sjoXui mngala.
sj^ man,
>3$ mane.
Jod mera,
j:n^ manushya,
skd mar.
Counsel, plot,
sSj-odw mareyv.
stiti masaatu,
Sleep, lie down.

Rain,
jkaXi malagu,
$ male,
i>7S:>Xb manutu.
}sSxj marepu. >A
sSd Vra.
. . ,;;.
. & buddd.
rij^ na/e.
Persons,
K$jana.
mandi,
Opinion come to by an"1
arbitration,
J ****.
jjJ33dj mdjaru.
To do, to make.
Land rent- freo,
& mdu,
~ manya,
s$ji& matf.
Sell,
Property,
jjsdj mar.
irsdj mdru.
. '. -1
sjb^p manya.
" .'
rfj6 ma7,
pattu, battu.
Representation,
?1 mdnijtt.
Season of thunder sho-"^ mungdru,

were,
66
zSjet, bfti hlike, di~

natu,
^&$ /)*mule-bappukdla.
Vocabulary.
V^* V4-
****> v*A-
sjii) mukha,
nu'rfu.
riMi mu((v,
OjuOi) tndu.
Face,
Touch,
iu^Xj mulagu, .
katf mua.
zixai male,
jnzit)7ii mobalagu,
.&>&$ mle.
Sink,
Corner,
Amountgof money,
House tax,
>->*
;. .
hd,
Bjutb moharu,
~dxnfij mudre.
&&$ mola.
Seal, stamp,
Cubit,
Deception,
i63 rife va((u-pana.
- o^Stf mane-pana.
ja$ mola,
7 lO.
&j'Ti mota,
Ya.
o3j?3 yen-ne,
*3
cdo^j ya,
ojjopS yunne.
Oil,
Bullock,
Endeavour,
Boundary,
:8^ yatnitu,
Htibtii pcMdu.
odj^ yaM,
& '.
Bund,
o5d0 y/,
aJj^j , xiioTiiyuttu, *
/'.
d.
Ra. -.;';<:
risra^ ravdna.
Despatch,
Egy,
^, ayapu.
vs% rgi.
5 yereyi.
Night
dbSj rdVrt,
t>, ^ditoj 67, tre.

r<(/f.
Consent,
r<y,
Casaf rivdjn,
friy) nadapu .
Custom,
Signature,
SP rtljll, '
xj>SriOSi rpdyi.
^ /.
oubrodo urpiym.
iSf^j rshme,
e^ reita,
r5fcb, jwff.
Rupee,
Silk,
Peasant,
La.
Account,
VJ^j refi.
t>.
"so lek-kha,
ai
,
67
Vocabulary.
Va.
Merchant,
rf^s-rf vartaka,
Deletion, reduction,
ara vajd,
ria^^). ^ vajokeipu,
keipu.
A coin of ton fannams, idcB? varahd,

Accommodation,
JtJ vaeati,
llandkorchiof,
xi7 vastra,
Ilecovory,
sWao valu,
Possession, ,
Toar,
Information,
Quarrol, law suit,
Returning,
Instalment,
u!i# veitra.
7jii>3 vaslu,
X^L pakka.
f vaslia,
ttf" varsha,
Tiz-svfi vartamdna,
vzv hila.
nt>r?j vdpatu,
7:i suddi.
a
*?* /*
tiodorf^ beiyakku.
zszostS vdyide, '
Xda,
} vyiljya,
"Week, .
Inquiry,
Division of property, &o*
Disputo,
Kindness,
ewX ,/rfê.
gadaba,
8 ? yu-ndju.
AWtiFS violittrane,
qjart vilhdga,
&tr& vichdra,
izt pdlu.
&ZZ vivada,
ffus'dj takardru.
ZTb^Tt vinhwdsa,
btisf pirita.
sti vivara,
'juucS^ kodiyale.
)rid, rsjd vivara, int
Betel,
Particulars,
ra.
Salt,
Physician,
JjcAvd,
sSêjo&vstb
maddugdru, beichiya.
Jewel,
tJ/btS vodave,
.
fS- ,' TfojeJ paduve.
To Acknowledge,
&$ voppu,
iî votta.
/ vonagu,
tSpsli} vanaku.
c/c/i, padlchi.
To dry, to bake,
Sha.
4.
The looso roots,

"i 'shade,
Tillage accountant or
\ SêfreX hdnabhdga,
clerk,
tff e/.
S^wsojj hnabdyu.
Vocabulary.
To caught,
Punishment,
jg shikxhe,
*J. iff*.
fcj sA-she.
Sdsu skidabu,
eosjj. ôf ammK, jw-
Small pox,
W* hikku,
.
tsslj fiiliije,
StdJ m'paru,
Chicken pox,
^tft shkada,
'tijdio'Ki nitrangu.
Percentage,
;3a she'tave,
TlisB suee.
Bridge,
Measure,
Concern,
jdj iru,
> shdmllu,
tCctj sent.
jfoSjBuo sdmUu.
Beginning,
xiitii shuru,
Tdidj *.
Sa.
TjoXS, ? sangati, mo-
Circumstance,
ToXS sanyati,
Market,
sanie,
ta ehatte.
Bepayment,
Tiozsscd) sanddya,
tfjsdj^j, kodupu.
Wages, pay,
To happen,
Consent,
Intelligence,
Tototf sumala,
7ioz>^ sumala.
7oû7o sambhavisn,
TorbS sammati,
t-dyddu.
orirfj ottandadu.
TJJjaffsti scmdebdra,
jfs-Sj, ^ rarr*.
tndna, suddhi.
Goods,
ffi surah,
tifr.jz-^ edmdna.
savdri.
tfjstS Adda.
Conveyance,
TiazQ savdri,
Also,
Titas sahd,
Now,
ThoTi sdmprata,
Suffice,
T&atis sku.
To die,
Tincan sdyu,
sb 10'.
A kind of spirituous \ tryit

liquor,
J
So^S, &>$, niddna, me
Delay,
^ sdvakdsho,
Witness,
To pour out,
Tivjt, dkshi,
Lie,
7>^/a suf{u,
Leaves,
lle.
; sdhshi.
& ton.
SUriyU,
69
Vocabulary.
# v*A.
.
'art) yin.
- '.
Day time,
Z7(ta higalu,
35/so />7.
Money,
Tirs pana.
Fruit,
Cars hana,
Zips hannu,
Tjoto pannnu.
Rido, or ton,
tai haltu,
1&3 pattu.
Feast,
Obstacle,
To tear,
> halla,
fio) namme.
tuodjj huriyu,
Hunger,
C'^j hashivu,
to, $( pari, Mt*.

Tjur, tfc> padipv, padi.
Fino,
Cow,
tTfS hatanu.
*% no"M'
CJT'o^) haeuvu,
tc^S^j harakattu,
Village,
tVc MU
To throw,
Readiness,
BJJ /u4'f,
payyu.
enndi, Ft> tir, .
vio, effrfj trftt, cuVa,
Cjôstii hdjaru,
553 '.
Otid hadara,
5t> hdi,
t8odjsS3i puliydju.
&j atf.
Cjtb~R hdshige,
tfd^ kadakke.
Adultery,
A road,
A bed,
To spread,
Milk,
A snake,
To catch or apprehend
) ,
O ot'r.
/ j>7.
SjtVi hdlu,
^) ,
ôajj pdmlu.
oo&odjJ hidiyu,
!)U /H/rf.
hulcum,
eti\? appane.
Soot /lu,
bvipillu.
An order,
Straw,
Toddy,
"Wife,
EcodS henda ti.
liamo,
To tell,
tuudo hetaru,
0>t peda.
?$ A^/,
oSjors yennvt.
To obtain,
Sjerj hondu,
?5;dj, Tdoauelda */n,
CO
aod henda,
i&OFc ponnu.
. ampddichiru.
Smoke,
) Ojri,
"^"R .
To flog,
An ear of corn,
Time,
Except,
EojSUO&J hodiyu.
poyyi.
Coja hode,
T$s pode.
/tt,
d nA-.
S^ a/of*.
hortu,
70
Vocabulary.
0 V'S.
**>> /,
To tart,
Burthen,
rfjsdzi) horadu,
& hre,
^JptJt) poradu.
j, rffe?3j wo/f. *'<
Field,
Eiver,
rjbV hola,
sa pola.
ho]e.
- />o/.
jocK hffU,
Go,
Goat,
; /|,
/5J)9.
^/^j /w'f.
Tee,
cTSrij haudu,
tfx M.
Ksbe.
Good health,
tffoAi Jifhma,
2&gP?, tX Uoffe,$uga-to4e.
71
"Vocabulary.
t.
.
Day time,
Money,
*jiartj .
.- -'
t/tu h iffal,
/S/J /><#.
xJor?Ji .
Fruit,
tps hana,
hannu,
Bide, or ten,
ssj hattu,
Feast,
Obstacle,
To tear,
Co2j. halba,
pana.
Bc^S^J harakatlu,
$ pattu.
poSinamme.
eu a<W.
o&oajj huriyu,
BSS^Sj hashivu,
to, -OJ /lari, /.

<, ti padipv, padi.
7$ hasanu,
TStn nallu.
todo payyu.
_D
Hunger,
Fine,
Cow,
Tillage,
CoTSa^j hasuvu,
*>, 3B ifm, */r.
To throw,
Stfj /'-,
Keadinees,
Adultery,
A road,
A bed,
55T>d.J hjaru,
4rfj, es^tii i'rfu, chddu.

55 hdjar.
5u37^ hdshige,
^DcxJjiOj puliydt*.
#
Srfs^ kadakkt.
53s7J ,
7,
W />7.
53std hadara,
Su ',
To spread,
Milk,
A snake,
To catch or apprehend.
An order,
Straw,
eS 6r.
S^J Aw,
Souojj hidiyu,
& pdmbu.
z&)0 hnkum,
est\?S appane.
htiy pillu.
X& pvdi.
BoJ aj/m,
sSotJ henda,
.i
W * -kaJl.
Toddy,
"Wife,
ScodS hendali.
Name,
To tell,
BuT&J} hesa.ru,
Bjî #,
yennu.
To obtain,
tcjorfj /tondu,
75di, rioih&esd} m,
Smoke,
sSjst ,
& liodiyu,
/ >o#.
^>.1 .
tSd peda.
eampddichiru.
To flog,
An ear of corn,
^ poyyi.
i$p& pi>4e.
Coja /orf,
;Sd -.
Time,
Except,
ajbaj? hortu,
70
'
9^3 aMaf.
Vooabulary.
*at>rt> vt(.
*** vi.
To start,
Burthen,
'
tj3/dTii horadu,
j/STrij forain.
tSjtrt hore,
jboj, Tffjj moe, fc/f*.
Field,
Hirer,
c?j8< hola,
ttfit) pola.
Aoje,
^ //*.
Go,
Goat,
ja; huta,
tPOJ ptu.
Tee,
B?3rf haudu,
etfJ< Av.
- /"'
.) hff,
Ksbe.
>
Good health,
^?, 6X -
do hhma,
llone,iuga-tode.
Hevenue Terms.
-3
12
5-
g .s
si
f
s
va
ss
1.1?
*. Cl
0>
Cj 43
OS
.8.2
"
sie
s
441
^:
f:
> .
4
d
il
s
-g
'S
si= S*
"
gS IS
" t
43
ft
8
s?
Tt>
.3
cl
.
" f
i 1?
es
4?
" s
"
" -5
"g .1 'S,
1
ft
If
d .5

I -8 1
|>
-i
s >
5 J5
II

Pi
33
p-l
If
13
3
rS
TS3-
f>
/
-
43
I 3s

-,
s)
<1
en
hi
S.
<
fe

fe s
'
4
il HI
-* ' %
se as 4a *- \
2 * (?
V2
72
Revenu Tenu
g 1
a
s
e, .a
I JllJ
flr
4f 1.1 8! y
l
eg I
i!
* 'S. lfil
o
J g E,
f I #
GLOSSARY OF JUDICIAL WORDS.

Canarete.
Coorg.
Englith.
oTvtfd angkra,
-^rirfj
ottavadu,
-JO
Srf$ adaka,
- arjiddttu,
5rf^ adaka.
Commodiousness.
- atyimd- Petitioning.
Ayenrftt,
^?^ adacliane,
amalujdri,
esa erfrfi.
amaljdri,
&<Plrs ofj abhhiprdya,
esspôdo abhiprdya,
^ anumna,
otSc^ andsha,
WKjoXi asangata,
V$)i$jbV anuhila,
jod"3 tondare.
Wipsi avaghata,
abhdva,
tspth^vst anangikdra.
prjo.) anydya,
CsT avatya,
erfrfA,
...
eSodj atishaya,
^ agndna,
esd^ adbhuta.
asankhydta,
Acceptance.
Obstruction.
Execution.
Opinion.
Suspicion.
Inconvenience.
WjiJ&jbV anuhila,
Convenience.
cseeldorfj archiruvedu Information.
tjute/a rpallate,
Shapeless.
ZMx&i ottavatadu,
Unacceptable.
anydya,
Injustice.
=5^ bondichd- Necessary.
yitti,
sa erfrf,
tfoauodj kalijiya,
52W^ agndna,
2> kalijiya,
- "-'
Hinderance.
"Wonderful.
Spiritual-ignorance,
Astonishment.
' Incalculable.
keiyatada,
SZiotfcaidj aundaruvdru, fct/juo of lu,

tsd> avadhi,
VbV kdla,
tsZSfp avivka,
Vji akrama,
S5o3fo antya.
Inside.
Period.
8> ^^ buddi-illatu, Ignorance.

Ti ^v iama-illate, Improper.
oft, /*,
es^rfjp^ apramdni- Porgôj^j anydyatu,
End.
Dishonest.
*>* /
kate,
: \<
74
Judicial Words.
este-ced arjiddra,
7oK o atanhya,
Vrvsa
atjikdru,
?n^ htige,
Tjvo.
es adyvshfa,
Sd^t, adrushfe,
abhyata,
i$i nema,
vnsli chvaka,
tstrhp avasna,
EnglUh.
Coorg.
Caara.
VattS apavda,
toU^&i badldme.
tsên, abhildshe,
t9t$i07\ antaranga,
Cim
Petitioner.
Disgust
Fortune, luck.
Practice.
Period of dissolution.
Blame.
Desire, wish. *
Toti. gutfu,
Secresj.
Tftjuf
bare,
Separate.
tStfjjd alahida,
Carelessness.
SaSi
X
ajgrate,
&Sf07(jS ajgrate,
?d && nra-alatu, Untimely.
tsvw ahdla,
&A<j
<4^j -, Causeless.
Sfforipa akrana,
Sflên ,
Tul now.
ZRob adydpi,
Useless.
WOjoSjb'Sp ', */&*$*%**>
nakkgatu,
Offender.
0^n7tot tappvgru,
esjoSi aparddi,
Afterwards.
pt'nye,
WZSctxS anantara,
Transgression.
oaw baimbu,
SSÎj atikrama,
Suspicion.
akja tamuja,
esôdja^ anumdna,
&$$ andtha,
bedOJ^ dikkillatavv,
Destitute.
tSrtfKtii anagitu,
tsrftfj adakw,
To take refuge.
(SUv'i addvatu,
T$rt page,
Enmity.
esofotf ayukta,
Improper.
TO 'S #J ari-ittatu,
Regard, honor.
SCodJBU mariydi,
'"sif ^j bala-illataw, An unable man.
In, within.
Sprfja^ abhimdna,
e>a>/$ abalusta,
e>o3grd antahapura,
^^ anju,
SWsto atddya,
5- er/,
7 davala,
tfXtj dgatadv,
fj&, fStk) pone, adu,
Grain.
Impossible.
Mortgage.
Petition.
56- er/i,
ea , , ato, Fair, principal
eSTJW e<a/w,
tfnd ddhra,
Had addra,
Ztitdi harakatu,
A basis, security.
Objection.
eUotf afanka,
<3% ?dtf agnddhdraka, 73s#J *<*,
Obedient servant.
eotf atanka,
Obstruction.
75
Judicial Word.
Coorg.
da <f*Vu,
'.:.'!
Englith.
The end.
drambha,
Beginning.
: :-
KtaSs smi,
5orj manueu,
Individual.
_; ,. - '
C?&q> >T& dgndpisu,

,5! dtma-hatya,
eseedj arichiru,
To command.
7$ >^| tdngutd' Suicide.
ne-chdvu,
efdrfo drahhyu,
(9( akkinji,
j?0^ dkshptme,
oaw eii,
yjSorf dnanda,
Canareie.
tfbis dkheiru,
CJjScrf dnanda,
--. . ;
Since, thence.
Objection.
[yi> Happiness.
...
-
tfeeldo, oso drichiru, d- To choose, to select.
WTfo lim,
rsi;3TcdJ inkdru,
& di ottuvatu,
oeldJ aricjt'ra,
4Sf0 ff/M,
flS&srodi lihdru.
<4& erada istihru,
Eejection.
To report.
, ?
Proclamation.
ildlchd,
/wo ildkha,
Department.
*^fiit^ inadpu,
KFd?^ vichdrane,
&a j'erfrt,
*
Inquiry.
Examination.
vsrfj /,
Woaa wnbu\i,
Jungle.
Land given to Byote
with favourable rent.
eudj^xao urufuhdku,
si) raft,
Sori nAiAi,
To fall down.
To hang ono's self.
)# ulhayam,
v, ella,
Total.
ossoî inlydnu,
votiu udvre,
tt>o&V umbaji,
trvtii) vdru,
/\)Xjo5js*7< vpnyga,
WtaSjdX upayoga,
Useful.
>^;5 \dlanghant,
> d dikkara,
Disobedience.
Wtiytf udyukta,
iTSodj} prayalna.
!& mariyddif
CA)ri3=d vpnchdra,
tto$cd>^ ubhayaira,
:."''
Attempt.
, Obliging conduct,
tons^/j danddfu,
Both persons.
e-dd odara,
High.
rfck,rdi puftuvadu,
Birth.
Wiiorio u7(/ju,
?0eldJ niriehiru,
To guess.
baô? echcharike,
ed echchara,
Warning.
$73 MIJU,
tcbaldj briebiru,
To think.
jb, ite- /, />er/e, Much.
. kdngi, [cheng, A solitary life,
^ unnattt,
CVdjAJ uilhhu va,
i$n!, etheshfa,
<5o?\ kdngi,
aoei vancha,
ennane-d- However.
76
, > ,: ,
Judioial Word*
Coorg.
Caare*.
uftJ^ kapakfha, , ;
uc^JOti kbhavitu,
oaaS eyan,
"Sows eindd,
&id)tf;S orukade,
One side.
B-cc &3r ond-nenapu i To be unanimous.
VnS ade,
Same.
4oj jo^ invu-irinye, In future.
ZJtV okkalu.
ZJl okka,
i(i ni,
>pS ni.
tfjjvsd kakshigdra,
EnglUh.
A tenancy.
A lane.
ScaoTrsd vjyagra,
Parties.
Bule.
itfdo Jcrama,
tfosdo kardru,
Bond.
tfosdi kardru.
ZJozizii
otandadu,
Consultation.
&&& kabldti, :
Favour.
bv pirita,
tfdjrs karuna,
ôsTdat^S krayasddana, tf|Odri>z krayatddana , Deed of sale.
Sweepings.
1iTi kasa,
tftd tachara,
tfbt)i3 kattukivichu, vSjbrffitx blenekku, To squeeze one's neck.
tf^ Aa//,
KWTSdj aridnadu,
tf6-o kartavya,
tfjjo kalaha,
*# jagafa,
ifti kapafa,
tft kapafa,
WS^rf klukthepa,
trsarfj kpilu,
Wjtfj^ kirukuja,
bjSft dinakeipu,
tfjuj ,
"f*&odi yondu,
&4 kuyukti,
'' kumbekanifi,
ixai kuyukti,
kumbegandi,
iflbcs) keipiyatu,
titbci keipiyatu,
eystfj chdku,
AdiiJ^ kirukuja,
Suitable.
Quarrel.
Fraud.
Passing away time.
To nourish,
Trifling trouble
Begarding.
Craft, dovico.
Oato of the walor-courw
of a >t ddy field.
' Deposition.
Af/j,
tfVEi Af/i,
Prisoner.
U/uS irsrij koehchekddu, ?>5 ffsdi. koehehekddu. Shrubs.
tfvft)i)c0 Aoptt,
Suburbs of village.
$jv\ koppa,
rfjs'^pAtf kpodrka, ? chodibandu, Provocation.
?# */e,
'^ k\a,
tfJ5?di># krumke,
tfjbcptti krwadu,
Handcuff.
Hope, desire.
tfjsO WW,
Sjsd moro,
tf?0 AJr,
"Worn out.
Sjsd mora,
?<8 Aok,
&> &>/?,
Fan.
Murder.
To kill.
^& *'*
'
77
Judicial Words.
Coorg.
Canarese.
Engliih.
WOtfJBl khardruvdka, tfosdi &$$ kardru-aneke, A ccording to agreement.

A)33Tl> hhardru,
tfodj kardtu,
Document.
SMiffl khulld
jdo&S.) toranditu,
Open, unsealed.
SMiraTi Jchuldsu,
Z)Z37\tS budugade,
Release.
Tfp ganita,
so lekkha,
S3
'
tfoSJS&tj Jcayinjadu,
Computation.
7t gata,
7igJs-ue o;3
Past.
garbhav tfot/afc&tfdtfj^j /tya- Abortion.
ehchinne,
X^Ss-tfOTii garbhikarsu,
} gujardyisn,
>. gwndni,
Xs5 7^ gltige,
Xdsb gudattd,
gumdtte,
tfdjasaa geiruvdjibi,
mekarakuvu,
lijad tfdi kia-idn,
To enclose.
Zjb\fS*ii oppichiru,
XojsJJ gwndni,
Suspicion.
Xo ^ guttige,
Contract.
To deliver.
tfosaoarij kayinjudu,
A year or month past.
Xi-i7ii gumaetu
A clerk.
SjOSiO ts^ bdrabari- Unlawful.

alia tu,
^ geiruidUtu, tJo* tfcb rujurdtadu,

^disrsairfj geiruhdjaru,
Unproved.
ttOdi lifli hdjaru-illa- Absence.
tu,
XjJj yutfn,
Secret.
"^'. ghanavujla,
e&Xru chaturgadi,
Ztozt) chanchula,
Sus- '#
mariyd- Honorable.
divullu,
Boundary.
to!ej chanchala,
t-'fe chapalatea,
8tc/ chpala.
ersô&s- clicMtcarya, tfbtffi chaldku,
eW c7,
rf ndate,
Tickle.
Fickleness.
Skilful, cleverness.
Conduct.
f'imojJT&j cTiikatdymi, tSaldi pattichiru,
To affix.
o-SrfpS chitdtdne,
tiQbe#tiJa, padipichiru- Persuasion.
vu,
clthpdvane,
^ 3 cliharatthiti,
k'Ybe&b^) ojipichiruvu, Concealment.

t$X, ?forfJb naga, dmd- Moveable property.
na,
WdXd chdpakdgada, iwAireXta mudre-idgw

Stamp paper.
da,
78
Judicial Word*
Coorg.
Caare*.
EngUsk.
UJb&jamlnu,
8X*0J ,
Land.
oXrfjdi jangamaru,
WoXrfjort jangomanga.
Litiga prieeti.
Attachment.
Answer.
Pergonal property.
Responsibility.
& japhti,
at^japti,
WSi d uttara,
ttsratoa javdbu,
oXiA Sjangamastkiti , X ?5orsn naga-ndnnya
&^ javdbuddri-
toswtod javdbuddri,
1er
ne,
Wound.
Land granted free of
rent.
Land given with favor
able rent, on feudal
8'o jakam,
Tnaiigdya,
Wt^di jahaglru,
ere^dj jdgru,
aoi jamma,
uozb jamma,
ftjsDjTfc jdtntnu,
4b>d3(p jaratva,
tenure.
[ne Bail.
^SoJujS puliyadita- Adultery.
jlvandnsha,
ejdtfr ea. bada/cuta- Maintenance.

0
aatf\ jindgi,
Tfosjjfcj, -fitidmdna, na Property.
aftiorjt^ jurumdna,
ff0.
tod danda,
ara gnydna,
&*tf jagafa,
a ,
JB &7J jhddisu,
fftD \akdri,
?* dmju,
u7obKb ditumieu,
Zyb dikri.
Vojsdi teiyru,
'jbPe /#,
fc ,/,
ifj'rftfJ kodak,
Sjnfi ,
Fine.
Wisdom.
Quarrel.
Examination.
Shake.
Deceit.
ewT3i luksdnu,
&\)) tallutu,
Damage.
Dismiss.
& buddi,
o
*tf jagafa-
*(M peitalu,
. .
$odJ3di teiyaru,
T&j&.abT tappuhoritu,
Decree.
Readiness.
To accuse.
poripichiru.
SJi* taniki,
ldi tageiru,
g$4 taniki,
xJ?Jw tapaslu,
crfjrfjSdov; yadutirutu,
tfotu takarru,
^CTdJ takardru.
& tapaslu,
79
Investigation.
Detail.
Dismissal.
Dispute.
Judicial Words.
Canarete.
'a'tiZjiZi) taraddu,
Coorg.
tiodj^ prayatna,
&-Jbii tamtnu,
toojs" tvarya,
oaSUJ tyajiu,
-rfj tarjima,
English.
Attempt.
AU.
Satisfactory.
tSeodi beriya,
Quickness.
eu&ob bu((uru,
âSs-jJ tarjima,
To leave.
^> pinye,
Translation. -
&& taruvya,
Tti^ tadanantara,
bo^f pinye,
Afterwarda,
Subsequently.
aoid tartara,
Ôarf tartara,
Different sor t.
ssdjTo tmata,
$ niddna,
&OTc$ niddna,
Delay.
SsSDri ttsra,
9bl3 tdbe,
B3\0dis~ tdtparya,
t^( pakka,
1 trna,
&t bala,
3^6" trpu,
urtrf dikkara,
e^KTSiî tiratkdra,
^-- trmdna,
3 ei'yit,
OjBo tiuritu,
o ert,
- art/ta,
S^tid) tipadu,
liSs kuttu,
s5uod> beriya,
?z nerfs,
usen ? pdlu-balfi,
masa,
Purport.
Able.
Decree.
Contempt.
Settlement.
To poke.
Soon.
A passage.
A. wild sort of creeper.
Cheating.
? vichrane,
Investigation.
t?j 7\U daitagiri,
l&tzi} pvdipadu,
Apprhension.
torf^ dandane,
ttS dapan,
7i *e/a,
Punishment.
vappa,
[vuffavu, Burial.
SdiSSojê' rij kirubiya'
A kind man.
Wealth.
tf . ,
r' /srii darakdrv,
17 -ssity.
tffs-î darkdstu,
WSrfj kepadu,
OTO A/rt.
U7<dj digaru,
tis-^ darshana,
arfeo badah,
OTS> ddkhale,
naf dkle,
UJaO dinachari,
5a o ekkalu,
80
Dolay.
Possession.
tcxJjs- dayarphti,
todjB^/j daydu,
op dravya,
Z?e~dj darhru,
' ' . ;
Application.
Itoad.
Separate.
; '
: r
'.
' i
Visitation.
Reference. '> v "* '- j '
Every day, always. - '
Judicial Word*
Englik.
Coorgt
Caltareie.
divdji,
divdfi,
* drgha,
ttoZS vdda,
Bankruptcy.
Long.
050*? durdlchan tfj ;^? lcetta-y- Bad consideration.

chane,
Wickedness.
tf.
keffa-buddi,
tbJjae-Xe- durmdrgu,
S3
An
impropor connexion.
tfi
7oX
kefla-,
rfjToiort dusanga,
tke-rf durnadat,
rijos-dpa dvrmarana,
Z&s-rf3 durnadat,
Bad conduct.
TJntimoly doath.
djrfjrtrs durmarana,
tksrooSTtori durvyapdra, tfj tltd -bepd- Bad practice.
,
Wicked.
t-ri dv.shfu,
rfjti, dushfa,
$^$$ ndunava- Immediately seen*
jSj dekhat,
dae,
tSot^ dviha,
.;- durbdane,
SjaosS dombi,
^jSBTin dhanddya,
$lie>3 nakalu,
c&&jtf& namddu,
g-bOi? namne,
Xri> nagadu,
$bv& napdvati,
Enmity.
7Stfo dshya,
to5ja;e"ri? durbdane, Bad adrice.
Confused noise.
Wealthy
man.
5 panagdru,
Duplicate copy.
ptt nakalu,
voo&cS kmbadu,
Appearance.
rfjt>&) mddri,
Sample.
Cash or ready money.
$7to nagadu,
Profit.
jSsSs^F" navdshirthe,
'$& ,
ûsbos^ pudijdyitu,
pzL nashfa,
eowaiî luktdnu,
tasx> nambu,
oao nm,
c^nodj nydya,
Ss^jodj ,
> m'eAt,
ioatfeui nirdkaritu,
[Recently.
Loss.
To trust.
Justice.
A small district.
Midnight.
UTOd sjjbtj dikkdra- To disgrace.
d3T>rf| nadapddra,
vfc'S-ttia nirnimitya,
mdu,
nozi mundata,
JiSjBs-fs nirmdna,
Uoatfoto uwfdhtva- Creation.
Causeless.
du,
fiozio nindya,
?1- nirjvi,
Blameable
gd rs va-illato* Inanimate.
. .
Judicial Werde.
Canareie.
Coory.
English.
nibandhane,
SaooirfjS nibandane,
Jit|;7jj nirikshisu,
&Bo&oudJ nfiyand To expect.
&37>) nirddhri,
nirdparddhi,
An unsupported man.
î^co^3 tappu-xlaiu, Not guilty,
A clever man.
î^SJ nipanu,
SvA rfjd^^ pdpa-md- An innocent man.
Bule.
ru,
^fo nipuna,
>Sje-tx nirdi'shi,
ts^) badavu,
datavu,
jX.tJ nish(dra,
)Xe-3 nirgati,
^ nitrana,
JiJiyf-a^ nirvydjya,
SKjs^d nilldra,
^ gati-illatu,
> nitrana,
Sbi*b Jce((avjya,
Harsh, cruel.
Insolvent.
Powerless.
5. panchdyiti,
jrStro koravu,
>>3 panchdti,
Not litigious.
Dficience.
Arbitration.
tt 3 paddati,
ttiSTuS parabdre,
s5)dj3T marutddi,
Tjt^S bare,
Custom.
Separate.
"3 povti,
ijgbz' pakshopdta,
tt3'ui;3 parisJdlane,
7f
t) sattadu,'
-JO
xg^ puhshapdta,
Deceased.
Partial.
JJSAo nnyate,
Examination.
tjrojj pasandu,
tdr>orfo paranindya,
Good.
^c^ nalladu,
3#*?0? vabhana-pa- Abusing others.
iijc'iitrd pardpaMra, xjdcruiffd partvupaMra,

^sr- paravarahi,
Tds^jrfj adkuvadu,
t5C parilcshe,
8u_ jadti,
rfoj parantu,
i)C^ pinye,
^ praiivddi,
ti/ prativddi,
itidTBrs pramdna,
T&j> aatya,
5/ffd prahdra,
t5&p^ annane,
Afterwards.
^sdogi prdrambha,
s/g-KJ prdrthiau,
Commencement.
Kbd.) auru,
$$ nene,
TiBjbjT&S pariahdhane, <?>/arf$ sdeme,
*5;3 praveaha,
5\^ Mduvu,
ytota prapancha,
\i5toe prapancha,
bti pdlti,
iibti pdla,
Patriotism.
Protection.
Examination.
Defendant.
Oath.
According t.
To praise.
Examination.
Entering.
World.
Wooden bridge.
82
.
., ,
Judicial "Word!
Coorg.
Caaren.
F.nglUh.
~n>o& pdndi,
pdndi,
A kind of bamboo boat,
- piryddu,
bjcnb priyddi,
Complaint.
xJbrssrii parindma,
tSjfrfili nallne,
thi pravlna,
t too?! prakafune,
rjXi gaftigu,
Welfare.
A prudont man.
7dj> uddi,
Promulgation.
pitri,
iz-tii pdparu,
V pitri,
Plot.
Pauper.
Eeview.
sddi pdparu,
T^s-iis- punarvi-tnayi/-rc(fre
rhe,
*?76o peisalu,
"iLllitii peualu,
TSoso&bT pardtnbaritu, jSjstu norfu,
ûxjrfj pudipadu,
ta patte,
jJosO pardri,
)</^) dippu,
TSdTo^d paramara,
t/ 3p pratyka,
5 parabdre,
Decree.
To see.
To catch, nppreLeneon.
Absconding,
Mutual.
Separate.
s3j"3 iore,
fc/jsdo
3o7reds ororu- Each party.
ti l ti&Tbxiprati-tcakthivejyagdru,
gdra,
Power.
pardkrama,
tinatijAi pardkrama,
Decoration.
Ti'jd ?? nallne,
tbrrad parishkdra,
cv
tiZiS prabudda,
A wise or learned man.
> ffdj buddikdru,
a
tfigjXo
gaftigu,
Clever man.
T&jWd prauda,
A flection, kindness.
ifi/rfj prewar,
sTjj prittu,
Abstract.
" pi'ristu,
E5'i07<
chungadi,
Interest.
8i5 baddi,
3juo
ort,
Empty.
2>B iar/,
According to.
Koj^
annane,
^) bamjibu,
To fire cattle.
To odor a acrilice.
8jt st^j bare-hdku,
bare-beyi,
Z>> bali,
5 e/i,
a/,
8>f\0&i bageyu,
zr^~)~ baratarpa,
To grow.
e3j<J io/e,
To suppose.
^BEarfj niriehidu,
C&ztj eud^rf yedatu- Dismissal.
}} badastru,
buduvadu,
;3 annane,
8jto,3 baffuvdde,
a
84to3bi d baldtkdra,
According ta
Distribution.
SôsjJ beimbu,
83
Force.
Judicial "Words.
Canarese.
Coorg.
English.
ftorfoô bandutva.
Sotjiê- bendrta,
>^ balhhfa,
&>! tn$ ^) bala-ullavu, A strong man.

Tioorf samando,
Claim.
bddhyate,
Relationship.
? bedarike,
^S JMtfl,
Fright.
0>&{ bvdrsu,
^*f^^ dikkillatavu,
A destitute.
0;Z7jj> u bdastrx,
"cri^ S^j nadapu-allai- Uncustomary.
4im
tu,
#! bhta,
A goblin.
7^ bhdgdmsha.
eu |j7,
iVT^p^j) malappu,
fo> ^Sidorfrfj kde-idu:- Enclosure.
?1 mare padisu,
vadu,
ds Jeirfj mare-mddu,
da majlcuru,
s? a<//,
Same.
ixiijbî majamnu,
esîs- artha,
Purport.
To hide.
it-) SolJ maddu-hdku riotj <4rfo maddu-idu,

O
l
i)si>3W matalabu,
;,
A share.
To poison.
STjfe- artha,
Meaning.
jszij ^ mlu-jd-. Jbi)i &re)J mdlu-jd Security for things.
minu,
minu,
ssp mana,
saJ^^ mana,
jrsrijjs5 mdmlu,
fSn^) nailapu,
Usage.
Ts^ ^Sn!, mdna-nasfa,
sJj^tzij mdnakdu,
Defamation of charac-
^ mdripattu,
TJjeiBTSj mdripattu,
Through.
7^ nambigevuu, Trust worthy.
^ mtu-bdri,
Respectability.
[ter.
JifcJ Jjsirfj^j mta-m :Je>&3 Trfj^j mdtamd- Bewitched.
dunu.
duttu.
'^ mheydna,
SoTBdi tingavdru,
>jsdj w/r,
rodo fr,
To transgress.
uy^ milita,
TtiJ^dj se'ruvadu,
Connection.
iW misara,
/ kfuvadu,
Mixture.
i mukhantra,
iusrao mukhantra,
Through.
Si eo
tj< 40 mushkilu,
Difficult.
&jsti) mdu,
jB'doti mdanda,
Idiot.
^ mdanda,
ja;?j w&a,
"SjuIT musa,
Cheating.
^^ mhasam,
vsv hila,
Season.
mushkilu,
>^} mddtma,
84
Monthly.
Underminded.
' :
Judlelal Word.
English.
Coorg.
Caante.
&MG&1& mhatale,
Custody.
ftt*.
ueodrfwad) moyatabdr ôrtodtf nambigeyu-. Trustworthy.
J89)d& mokhaddame.
7o^v tangti.
,yi> mokhtydru,
di thydru.
yddstu,
odrensToi ydddstu,
odj y<//e,
OdjSS) y7a,
;Sd.i 1,
/^ y<yyt,
bardbari.
Gase
Self master.
Memorandum.
Cardamom.
Fact, true.
A worthy man.
Proper.
ey,
To send.
î jwf/w.
"Waste.
da ,
Leave.
Exportation.
Incoherent talk.
odjjre^s- yathrtha,
o3j5>;Xjj ycyye,
odir yukta.
dnsjS ravdne,
tirf-J raddu,
t5) y**i
d7<"$ ragafa,
** rivdju,
doaPsrssk rujuvdtu,
d?5 re*e,
tigra lakshana,
TfaXrtl) tdguvadu,
dX^ ragaJe,
t) nadapu.
dj^nâ rujuvdti,
too, ieffe,
TT
Usage.
Proof.
Eoad.
Beauty.
Compensation.
Profit.
oai lubdha,
EOSj chdyi,
^^!- dnakarchi,
esa? Idbha,
j53Ki ndsalu,
ôttS lvdvi,
jnT)"zSS Uvddivi,
" /o'iAt,
tiXo ndsalu,
Plundering.
Dealings.
A stingy man.
idoS vadanti,
awjsî vartamdna,
7>u mcM,
New.
tmxdi Idguvddu,
&rs% Idbha,
ejjb l(i,
lodwsodj vyavaidya,
vyabhichdra,
/ vdkya,
ozosj vdyide,
osXor^S vgdandane,
l&* vydjya,
A miser.
-^ vartamdna, Bumour.
Cultivation.
?& bttdya,
TftcajuZMp puliyddita
Adultery.
na,
Ji takku,
Sentence.
Term.
Xtija gaduba.
Beprimand.
>?;3 vdfcdandane,
**j5 *#
Suit.
85
Judicial Werde.
sreu vddi,
vdriiuddra,
3edF vichdrane,
^ vibhga.
sn>s- tarte,
Ttca vadeyu,
57TO^J vgdna,
EnglWk.
Coerg.
Canareie.
Plaintiff.
A,
rtJootrad.) amandagd-' Eelationer.

ru,
esdrf vicMrane,
Inquiry.
uu jut7ut
Share. "
uddi,
&V03 chaufu,
News.
To kick.
Promiee.
S vas/ta,
titfi ,
Possession.
sirte- varga,
Bjttt badalu,
Exchange.
^ vishvdea oD33.)t>^jj nambitucha . Criminal breach of trust
ghtaka,
dipu,
res?, ?,
Wrf rfn vdstavya,
JSdi it/rw,
Fact.
tes? 5j5\> vishd-hdku,

Tdsra tharahd.
shdhidi,
n^ rrfa vishaidu,
Tds tharahd,
Tsa; adski,
To poison.
Remarks.
Witness.
"$(} shrama,
7oXO eangafa,
Pain.
bit MW'>
7& taja,
Punishment.
Xku ihuddi,
7>u tuddi,
tfc? thubha,
^07rad shrungdra,
c*$,ti nalladu,
Ea07TOd chingara,
News.
Auepicious.
Ornament.
j^sai thrindme,
bj^v&i hrindme,
"%^ hkada,
t^ ehkada.
lJOTJjflo kummaku,
tfjaTJ /,
Tdxodj tahdya,
Tti ahita,
T^û^ eannlddna,
Trfo^rfj samakshama,
7i^zt7i sahavdsa,
7 ,
TdoaflBfcj earanjdmu,
;> sam/ta,
7iîzi, antusfifa,
a
Ticrc) umshaya,
TuOiSSo sandha,
7o)5ow sanniddna,
&jbqi$m minyelu.
'jt' jote,
77SJ^ sdmdna,
Heading.
Per 100.
Assistance.
' L
Also.
Presence.
Front.
Company.
Goods.
ttfyz^ sdmdna,
Furniture.
75 eabhe,
Association.
Toajecs^S !) santahd- Delighted man.
navu,
?jcftfo& samshaya,
rioa tamaja,
O
"
Doubt.
)
Judicial Word.
Fnglith.
Coerg.
Canareie.
XjXi gattigv,
Tob^r amartha,
?joerax^7$ sambhdfhae, aOsj takkubku,
7juo# tulubha,
lalu,
A.n able man.

Conversation.
Easy.
Number in general.
7\tL spashta,
$S> lekhkha,
S3
SoôXjeij chennangulu, Abridgement.
Clear, plain.
( F nallne,
7^*, srushfane,
Jirfjas"f nirmna,
d'KU) sdgisu,
escj ay*,
TiolSa sankhye,
?ioj$ sanhshpa,
T^srido sddaru,
KfowiU sdvakdsha,
J)CTSjS niddna,
7to;J7p~ idmarthya,
Z>v bala,
savdlu,
TJSMO savdlu,
^dSodj sarahaddu,
Tu~ errfi,
ababu,
ToSo o/,
KbXoC sdguvaji,
ala,
72S a/a,
^ sguvali,
sh/Kd Mayara,
> tala,
tdlagru,
jtaeSci sdbtu,
tiSi3 ruju,
Tfaj^ sdkshi,
TfoiftuS" supardu,
73& tkshi,
fisxHiT- supardu,
7foXip3 suguna,
?ijbt$ schane,
jteXops nallaguna,
TTsd sthdvara,
Oc^-rfo aUddatu,
kt ^ sthira,
&d sthira,
7ia$ schane,
Forgery.
To send.
Issued.
Delay.
Able.
Question.
Boundary.
Excuse.
Punishment.
Cultivation.
Debt.
Debtor.
Proof.
Witness.
Assumption. ,
Morality.
Intimation.
") Immoveable.
)
Tisbt) thla,
> banna,
Big, large.
TojbJJ; > skshma,

Ttjrija swarpa,
Tbfi>& kshama,
Minute.
One's own proper flgn
^ sankafa,
ToX sangafa,
7o-djBy) marpe,
Pain.
Remission of a debt.
Property.
To affect, to touch.
7l3 w/,
tfjeri Ajr/a,
sulabha,
7keo# sulabha,
Also.
Easy.
Servant.
T?c0 vaha,
87
Judicial Words.
Caares.
English.
Coorg.
t^
hasta,
kana,
dn'a harahatlu,
* *ri,
Hand. .
tirs paca,
Money.
tdtfi harakatu,
Prohibition.
taso havdle,
stsS /rfe,
Possession.
titco hamaraha,
tfjZ Au'rfi,
Alongwith.
eoe^ & > anchi- a'O.sOj di-i{(avadu, 1 Distributing.
kouvadu,
toAao hangdin.
vtt> kdla,
5#:>t hakkuddri,
CudoSi^J harayku,
? odekdrike,
Botf^ haiku,
havdlte,
Co09^J harma,
eft,
CjirJi hakku,
Bi <u'5e,
tcusrfoj hardmu,
5353dj &;>uj*j hdjaru- fcjsî jmnu,
Season.
A holder of any thing.
Every body or thing.
Claim.
Surety, possession.
A wicked man.
Bail.
jmnu,
SjoS) /;,
fSitûij ikkalatu,
CivSi* hdjru,
crsuidi hdjaru,
Present.
etot?K3 hdreisu,
Present, ready.
S;^ rijsrfj apikshe To desire, to wish.
ziîLo hukkum,
&tsl% appane,
to&& himse,
co8C hu((uvaji,
himse,
Order.
Hurt.
^.fjji puKuvafi,
Production.
So?? hisse,
item pdlu,
mddu,
cjssbXA} hosgame,
Share. 1&& 7to7k rfreti) Recently cultivated.

;& pudijditu-sdgumd
dunu,
js?8 AJ/t'fo,
^tc po7e,
&>oX&tao hingafumuri, to^tfoj, benge-ikaffu,
kshdma,
tod are,
jjj kshipra,
Scodj beriya,
&gi kshm,
;sj p?S nallone,
88
Besemblance.
Pinioning.
Famine.
Soon.
Good health.
DT F NMfflES @F THE
<&o.
English.
Canareu. .-
A country fig,
e e</i,
.
es 8 -.
e?>37J andndtu,
Pine apple,
TSdo7\e^#i parangi-A*-
selsSorsi {.
.
\ Wild date,
Melon,
#?ee Ichalv,
tfews-a karbuja,
tfjortu kullangadi, *
tfs- rfr,
33 Ae/,
.'.'" i
ticrR. batteiiye.
tf* 07< kallangaii.

Water melon,
A fruit of thorny bush, tr:i3 A .
^jCtoraj kittuli-pitOrange,
nu.
tfjoa^ kvmbuja.
Gourd,
Thotf kumbafa,
t&A>?3d ehah-tara, fS Tumple noee,

fcoa^df jamba-ntraje, \ liose apple,
"I
tAi^3 chakktu.
eeo^dJiofej jumnn-
' ddjembi,
Pomegranate,
pannu.
?/ ddlambi.
Novel fruit,
JSdJJorEJ *.
jS-b"^ /,
i nimbe,
Lime,
Tdo?\ parangi,
Papaya,
. -<
tSjudo^C cJiorangip*
osVô^wiosj akkatt*
ge-Myi.
jbrfofEi .
t>7b basari,
Waved leaf fruit,

Plantain,
? mdd(i.
Jld^ mdnla,
Citron,
tjn^ti mdvu,
Mango,
SjO /t'il,
Gauva,
83s'*' shtd-phala,
Custard apple,
EcOTfc ha Iata,
Jack,
y&of\ mange.
tfaiouWOSi katandikf.
e^torw th'ttdpa..n*.
8??L ha .
89
Nemos of Fruits.
Canareie.
Englith.
Coorg.
3oij\8jStf!j hippali-nraje, Mulbery,

aSd'lJ htrafe.
d-bJbtopsi ehippilipan.
nu.
A kind of bitter orange, ^r<y keipufi.
eso.tur.> ammepartnu.
E5(Top3J bikkipannu.
T&c/bttopss pungipannu.
tfjbi5,riope.> .
O&aoadopM
ya!ande-
pannu.
&T%$i3ju ? hadaginakittli.
e#>c3 chnimbe.
Tji.
(^p^&orJi plebandTruite of Wild Forest Trees, the Botanical

tfjs&topsj kmepannu,
names of which are unknown.
I e\)t^S)ops3 vppalipan-
tfsJjjs-ouloraj karmundi-pannu.
^ plepannu.
njbZ&JtibP gtripannu.
& padachipan-
i
--0-
90
[.
tf^tofBj kakkadepan4/5&itorw puma t tipannu.
COORG CARDXNAX, NUMBERS.

fcodi ondu,
Zorfo dnndu,
iwaorfj mndu,
ndlu,
8 anji,
tf
if
ew fr,
r-
&.09.oa)Zb oyimbad*,
t4i patn,
oo
tJo^jsorfj pannondu,
tojSdortj pannerandu,
tjujjBorfo padimndu,
XS&7S3V3 padindlu,
o*
iJ&o33 padinanfi,
nf
lujrodo padinru,
*>
c2
oo-
o3
>$;#> padine'u,
tE>$&k, padinettn,.
ejb asjo&zj pattoymbadu,
OE-
<4tot!rij rutad*,
estfyd'ju ot ruvattondu,
xo
"e,d> tJorfj iruvatterandu,
.0-0
3o
^jtkrfj nuppadu,
npadu,
tfo
imbadn,
aro
tssazii aruvadu,
E.0
u^xftb efuvadu,
2o
u-o
8& embabu,
jaoÂdi tonnru,
f-o
ooo
jsdi Miir,
91
1
2
3
4
6
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
16
17
18
39
20
21
22
30
40
50
GO
70
' 80
90
100
Cardinal Number*.
jSjOSjj oda nyittondu,
.
tlo,tii innru,
.
.
rbC($JbOujb orfi innyittondu, ,;; wlrf r.
o^Sjsdo munnru,
OOO
xoo
r. .
S '
MOpJbOstjb orfj munyittondu, *' * * *""

ps^jstij nnru,
.
,
^' oti ndnyittondu, .

tSor^jsrii ,
:
tSorfjbOSi'Sjb ) anynyittondu,
e?d)v<ad) drunru,
Son
tfoo
tfoo
Jfoo
ifoo
E.00
c?d>Sjsoa^j3 otj drunyUtondu,
coo
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301
400
401
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600
601
700
701
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HL
FRAGMENT
OE AN ENGLISH AND CORGK
DICTIONAEY.
A.
Abandon, . . * , ,1) bufu budu, bu((uru, au&, ?
, iwrfu, , A 8wz5jlii, dvdu.
Abandonment, *. aijoîcto burdu.
Abase, . a. li%tSTi tagyicliiru,
Abasement, #. ^ e#dorfj taggichiruvadu.

Abash, . . >, taszl> yndna, padichidu.
Abate, v. a, $&s jjjsrli kammi mddu.
Abatement, . tfSo. kammi.
Abbreviate, . . $> jsrfj chemangali mddu.
Abbreviation, . sSoôXj chennangu.
Abdicate, . . . gjsrfo, 8U&.& buffu budu, bufluru.
I
Abdication( . 8"&k, awrfjack # buduvadu.
Abet, , a. X)f jsrfj, 'nxii guna mddu, taya mddu.
Abhor, . a, ofclrt iSrfj, A trii * />erf, gcje padu.
Abhorrence, . , surt /, <%.
Abide, . . jS$aJJOMSt) neleydyitiru.
Abject, . rfj^j, Sefc, t?63jC; , , ke((addnu.
Ability, . ig/ jpocfa.
'. '"
Abjure, . a. ftutjj eurioorij, tf? <& i^tt buduvindu, dee idu. - 'j
Able, a. ^ftZi^ pduvulu.
Ablution, . ft<f kuli.
...' -;,
Abode, . tps-Q/ are*, "S|t are* bhdvojdga, ippa jaga.
Abolish, . a. uSSrfj, rf& ewrfj tditilidu, edatu budu.
Abolition, . uSttfc, u awrfjWj ediliduvadu, editi buduvadu.
Abominablo, e. tMti rfc, c8?J^ ^ parikadu dm, hingt dm.
Abominate, . a. iSOrdj dtfj^, ^ trfj^j parikadupaduva, hsige paduva.
N. B. Short n h oo in foot * *
116
Diotlonarjr.
Abo.
Abortion, *.
#, 4jpc; kufiehi, .
Above, prep, >rf, mike, /codi.

Abound, v. . tjs^3K05j3do, ê-sstOSjSrio dtakdyilirte, pertahdyitir.
About, />rp.
ToJ^js ft) osô tut tula yitu.
Abreast, ad.
*; sdlSde,
Abridge, a.
fSo^sfto dJBrfj ehennangale mddu.
Abridgement, t. SojJoX) chennangu.

Abroad, ad. i^stSi porame.
Abrogate, r. a. iSSi), z&juz edititidu, edatvbudu.
Abrogation, . SSdad), irf^J2Tirij edilitidavadu, edalvtrndnvad*.
Abruptly ad. >&, tseodsa ballade, ariyate.
Abscess, *.
tiof?j, ere) pannu, bdpu.
Abscond, . n.
ssatj ab\6tj mdu tappiehiru.
Absence,' *. <_
Ule.
Absent, a. W rfj illatadu.
'
Absolve, . e. S3j tito.

Absolute, . etfj, ôsosî oon^t achchaku, n/rdyittu.
Absolution, . 'Sc^dto tlavadu.
Absorb, . . iya.
Absorption, *. enrSodrck Hyavadu.
Abstain, . a. ricrarfStfr, . mddatiru, bdyi kaffu.
Abstemious, .
Abstinence, *.
* *> oooacre^, * tfi $<$ ontf

achchahu umbadna, bondi aehchaku kudipaddna. In
eating, In drinking.
sJjsrfS^dj, ... titixti) mddntippadu, bdyi kaffuvadu.
Abstract, *. iSoôXo chennungu.

Abstract, adj. SjJje- utf marma uffa.
Abstract, . .. SoôXi jarfj chennange mddu.
Abstraction, . 5 dJBZkddi, SjstS di Mr* mddutadu, bore padu.
Abstruse, a, tjrfjs-^: marmavdnu.
Absurd, . "^, so&j ybe&fo;) i'We/, ariyatu tei-
Abundance, .
Abundant,.
pichiruvu.
"\
} -J,*.
-,
117
Dictionary.
Abuse . tS^j. ^w paivu, beilu.

Aluse, v. a. Soada, tow palinjiru, beiyt.
Abut, r. n
T#iJ Oci, 5 e JtiJ, ^ ub& pakkalu aya, paIrkalu mddu, pakkalu adipiehiru.
, . e-Jfodj bxilyadv.
Academy, *. &$, $3i ti^j SrtX matha, elatu padipu jdga.
Accede, . .
/ t vottavum
Accelerate, v. a.
tboa, JJBu^do beriya, mddiehiru.
Acceleration, .
EOoi ssJBUSadiJrfj beriya mddichiruvadu.
Accent, .
Jbii, tS kttt, dani.
Accent, p. .
- daniydyitennu.
Accept, v. .
tfjsuodTsoari ^ hodiydyitu edutd.
Acceptable, . &> O^stj, i3oat.5 hodinadv, nenapantadu.

Acceptance, Acceptation,. ^Tti vottatadu.
Access, . TJVXT3 kuduvadu.
Accessary, .
^ ^tfi l^xsaiOiSii >
gunavdyitu ,
Accessory, .
stoerijS^), TJsodj jBtfcd^) guna mdduvavu, tdya md
tdyavdyitu ulla.
duvavu.
Accessible, a. tfjBiozj itjbzitxi) kuduvantadu kuduvaru
Accession, . ^p^to pole.padu.
Accident, . Wsufdi klakdu.
Acclamation, . tfobeJj tfja^J kudiehitu ennuva ktu.
Accommodate, t>. n.
tfrstfj tfrfojt rij^rfj, awrfa ?1> kanaku dpanneke mddu, buddava jdga koJ.
Accompany, . .
Accomplice, .
4p?>) kude ppu.
staodi jerfjs^j, riJBtos7) Jya mdduvavu guna md

duvavu.
Accomplish, . a. lkfc 'i'ru.

Accomplishment, . d tira.
Accord, p. e.
rfSêlrfj, UUeidi, tkrfj vappichtdu, kdichidu, .
Accordance, .
tfjarijti kuduvadu.
According, prep.
Accost, . .
Account. .
tSo$$, sojotf , .
ffstfj am.
$>^, <1arti , kanaku.
118
Dictionary.
Act.
Account, v. a.
rft sAeldj, e^ * /-Ma vapjchiru, lekka k(n.
Accountable, e.
oA xibsjeitoii lekka vapptchiruvantu.
Accounter, . a.
OoiSt i> yida teku.
Accrue, . .
/!) undddu.
Accountate . a. xihze-d), ti&Tiz-d} perpichiru, kudichiru.

Accurate, a. UO, ^txw j tari, tappillatu.
Accurse, . .
8, t&tii chpli client.
Accursed, . > elpli chiffu.

Accusation, . %\ êltij-dlSj tapp porpichiruradu.
Accuse, a.
Accuse^ .
&\>}\ phs-tii) tappu porpichiru.

"i^ \ ^pbs-eJdjJ^j tappu porpicUruvavu,
Accustom, r. a. fS^Ti Jjzfo.esepnoTJJaTi) abhett mddu, alkyasa mddu.

Ache, . ^jioasii, nombala, . . >>> er nombala dpu.
Achieve, . a.
Achievement, .
f}zt^rii sddhichiru.
ds>s#dmz& ddichiruvadu .
Acid, e. .tfodj?ioî pvfiydnanu.

Acknowledge, . a. esti , wodjodj erAe mddiyd, im*
dunda yennu.
Acquaint, . e. fSBE^dj arichiru.
Acquaintance, . rtjaeo, ~f.&4i <K><j' ^) gottu, gottu ullavu.
Acquiesce, . . , âJxodi wotta, woppiya.
Acquire, . a. :ii ndu.
Acquisition, . ;3rfirirf) neduvadu.
Acquit, . . 3?|5 cpS^j SSdj tuppillendenitu tltiru. The / in /u/ir
to have pronounciation of eu.
Acquittal, . bvjLoaorS^.} Sdodd> tappillendennitu tiruvaru.
Acrid, a. add) ?iOM eripadu keiyi.
Acrimony, . tio tcrf^S eri bdane.
Accross, erf. ^- belakavdyittu.
Act, . rfr JJBrfjriri), nadapu mdduvadu, . . $&& riJdi nada tu mddu.
Action, . ^d^jj, &3 tjzS nadapu, batle, pad.
Active, er. eioditfa ouch , Sucd) //, beriya.
Activity, . e&do& cliuruku.
Actor . ijidjd^ mdduvavu.
Actual, a. jScokjS nrnu.
119
Dictionary.
Adm.
Actuate, r. a. *&!!>#& padipichiru.
Acute, a. tts- em^j , trtrfjsuu tf$i marma //, ehuruku buddhi dnu.
Adage, . 7W gddi.
Adamant, *. tdjsfc tfeo vajirutu kalu.
Adapt, . a. tf.uedi TtJ tSii$$ riJrfj kdichiru, tari dpa tnddv,.

Adaptation, . VjbTiydti, TO tfita kduvudu, tari dpadu.
Add, . o. fajS^ "arfo, ^Sbreldj, tiU/sWi, t'nni idu, perpichiru, tarak((u.
Adder, . 3w ', nullapiabu, pmbu.
Addict, . a. ThziK Jjrfj, ' jsucrfj tddaga mdu, abhesa tnddiya.
Addition, *. tfjsrfjto kduvada.
Address, . ^, a#Ji&5t&tf utftiiizi} pame, lakofvdumeke efudvvadit clilku.
Address, . . ss- ibûoj, t$o3jopso jaojrf j? i^d) arji t]udhja, pajmeyennu lakofuda mke eladu.
Adept, . arasmiiVSTii cMlkukru.

Adequate, a. Tib , vOOjOajcojSi tari dnu, bondiyaddnu.
\ .
Adhere, . n. 33 o& pattiya.

Adherent, *. 3js;-6 ^^c* ?^), e*&\ tfjirfj^j bare olbananambuvu, bore obbana kduvu.
Adhesion, . tS csdi pattiyavaru.
Adjacout, Adjoining, a. 5^4/ ^ pakkaldnu aditituUu.
Adjective, . ^* gunavdchaka.
Adjourn, . a. j5t\sJdj nippachiru.
Adjudge, . n. Btxii, tfou rfjdo titurv, kandita mdu.
Adjudication, *. ^soSrido nyatiparu.
Adjunct, *. Ttjsd ^djdo amara eruvaru.
Adjure, . e. tfdâsje&fc e'rukeyichiru.
Adjust, . o. Jsrfj, Xbrf-rarfc barobaru mdu, tari mddu.
Adjutant, *. ajrija^) dya mduvavu.
Administer, . . **, *> fcô, cdJoweldi Aorf, ndya k\u, keyichiru.
Administration, *. $> tfctdj, &, zjW63 nydya kparu, rdjyatubhra, dhoretana.
Admirable, a. , tfô ienrtnizxsfr cUyi, dnu elanguvaddnu.
Admirai, *. ttS tft^j UAd^TOk pade kappaku koravukdru.
120
. .
Diotonary.
Adv.
Admiro, . a. Sf . ewosj tf09:8dJ, tfjaj, $$ ekdyi dyitiru, kd(u, .
Admissible, a. ri^foô taltavaddna.
Admission, t. iiî, vattaeadu, oppiyatadu.
Admit, . a. ris^, riiy>jj, r*A7k;S rirfj, disid a//rf, vappiya, k&>
duvaneke mddu, kudichiru.
Admonish, v . ofjofsj bvddhi yennu.
Adopt, . e. ojrfiB, tfrfwtifc o3jrf:39, rfjiCodja yedutd, saman*
daku yedutd, sumanda mdiyd.
Adoption, . Tftt samanda.
Adorable, e. &>>t3j tudipanattu.
Adoration, . , ju^j /rf, tudipu.
Adore, . a. ju .
Adorn, . . , pi anichiru, ant.
Adrift, . . eaueioTSj^P^ badichandnpotu.
Adroit, a. t}divz&, tfj churukdnu, ohdldku dnu.
Adroitness, *. txitti, *> ehuruku, chdldku.
Advance, *. tj3 riwoXrf /a mugada,
Advance. . e. ^j tfjao, 1>3 &, Sdcdj sJjidj, riojoXd tjbtli
mingeku konda, dta mddu, beriga mddu, mungada ko<Ju.
Advance, . n. ioo^Jrj^Srf, Zjfc3, 3r- minnyakunada data, perla.
Advancement, . ajo'psb^rtetj minmjakunaâpadu.
Advantage, . <), CfSoi hila, ddcya.
Advantageous, . ^, $0&4^& IdbattiUu, ddeyuvullu.
Advent, . a>t\Cb bippadu.
Adventure, . wae^rfi, Tfoodj kdlake'da, aya.
Adventurer, *. T&fcojffdi deiriyakdru.
Adventurous, a. rVeods^)^ , > ?J deiriyavultu, mota dnu.
Adverb, . /odra ?0^ n'y vishshana.
Adversary, *. tf\cdi. tti pageya, chatru.
Adverse, . trt fjSj, ^^ pejre dnu, chatruvdnu.
Adversity, #. e&Jj,, #d\, ! An //, kappa, ehiku.
Advert, v . j^TcJ piri, -s$ rinzi munau mddu, mana ml4't.
Advertise. . a, 5te-, ueltJj arpa, arichiru.
Advertisement, *. este- tixi^v^zi, tsbti-tii^vzKt arpichirurukdgada, a>
riehirutukdgada.
121
Dictionary.
Affl.
Advice, . to&, l?d bwldhi, lira.
Advisable, a. Tib $>, rtfod) t& art dm, nyaya dnv.
Advise, . . > , cd , Sd tftfj buddhi , yen, ' /.
Adulation, . %Suii ^jc4 turivarv noni.
Adult, . 'odj^, -&-$> periyam, periyardnu.

Adulterate, . a. Sd jsrfj, tfri berate wrfrfw, forf.
Adulteration, di ?rfrs7dj betake teduturarv.
Adulterer, . !? mavlyddi unit.
'
Adultery, . ^ScjaS - tiy puliyddi pttltyddi ta.
.'..'.
Advocate, . esoidjerfja^j, rfdos'j Mifttiua$ ViA* mdduvaim, varukadeku takknparevavu.

Advocate, v. a, e>t)3 rfjA, eri'Ae wiorfu, vantkadekukatapare.
Aerial, a. araad tfu&jd bdnatira dvijatura.
Afar, arf. rfjbdOSo^j drakdyitu.
.A (lability, . ^tf^jrfdj wstfjtj r'jjccJj ptuvaru chdkuvadu mundu.
Affable, . & ptvvaddn.
Affnir, . >0, , wscoj ehvi jdribdra, kriya.
Affect, p. a. to touch. * rni/ffn to touch the mind. sj;S*tf-ioajldJ,
jSOAjje'sij , manato /carey ichiru. koyimekdtfu, to pro.
tend. 8)ntosjffD&3j., tf^pdrfo baddyikd((u, kafporadn to
assume a disguise.
A fleefation, . zitb^, , tf? dabbu, baddyi, kali.
Affection, . , kdi.
Affectionate, . ??^ tdidmt.
Affidavit, . dj pS / V.
Affinity, . Krfjorf turnando.
Affirm, . . cnxsodo ow, S?o09J*j >, ;S&qj& ^ vndandm
ennu. ne'rdyitu ennu, neledyitu ennu.
Affirmation, . $ ne/e.
. ,
Affirmative, . ovoSot) orejad^ undendu enmwaravu.

Affix, g Tao^j tcmavu.
Affix, . e. t3e#dj patticJiirv.
.
.... ; /
Afflict, . e. Mj TJbeSdj, tfiltue&fc a# paficbiru, kashfapaifichiru.
123
JHotlonary.
Agi
Affliction, i. *j. ^ btfw, AefA/e.
Affluence, . **r epafy t?;>*y </ , ydra .
Affluent, . s- v7^ > , odJd (W> perta vf/, yJre
///*.
Afford, . a. yfjvi) kodtt.
Affray, t. Wfi*1 jagala.
Affright, . ^priffsiii pMkd(H.
Affront, r. e. T&bz&\idi ehedibappichim.
AHoat, ad. >)ojrf>. S'Sodjarfj teiyddu, nltiydd*.
Afoot, ad. ffseoTSzS e klunodttlu.
Afraid, . . ouf Spunds ' podieJiirn.
Afresh, o. ^&^, pudiyaddyithi, pinye.
After, arf. t>-3>, bo^ /, pinnye,
Afternoon, #. mejana.
Afterword, ad. to^ pinnye.
Again, orf. ô^jooxj, <voô} iunyonme, innomma.
Against, prep. oS&otOSfJi, ^5 *}S3i yedirdyitn, irdayilu.
Ago, WOWô se, & bayatu, kla, bayatukla.
Aged, a. tju mudi.
Agency, *. jrf:>sri, ri&, xLm^t^ mduvadu, vasilu, rakdhttu.
Agent, . riJT)^;, sS*eo, &, * mduvavu, vakilu, voilu, tmlu.
Aggrandize, . . aettrfj s*ji, -rf srarfj. L^s- rfjrfj balyudu, nuldu, ydra mddti, pirta, mdu.
A"<n<'ftte . a. Sars-, tjs3 -JVi chedibarta, data niddu.
Aggregate, *. rf^. do7k, 7<jc^j *, ptrungu, gnmpu.
Aggression, . X?ft)3,s#tfjd>, -5} jagalapu((ichiruead*, mlebvadn.
Aggressor, . fcrttf^jMLeltai^),
Ss/rfat^j jagatapuffichiruvaDH, belaka-
b apparu.
Aggrieve, . a. OjJd toe#Jj, tfdtftusld) duahaka padichirv, karakar*padichiru.
Aghast, ad. ^ti tossi pdidyitt.
Agile, a. ttyak berriya.
AgiJity, *. tccrfi beriya.
123
Dictionary.
Ali.
Agitato, . a. Koi nui, i uidj gdhri mdii, allddichiru.
Agitator,. jajS&taiUi briohiruvavu.
Ago, ad. j.-oip minnye.
Agonj, *. s5?a5, tort bdane, sangafa.
Agree, v a. jao . ^WsSi vattd, vappiya.
-Agreement, . ridoitf. itotti vadambadiie, tattandaru.
Agreeable, a. ?>; ?, Tfti^j manetde dnu, saridnu.
Agriculture, . *)$3p, ^^ manetana, vakkalutana.
Agriculturer, *. -Roui iSj^sdo, irtitfjAsdi geyidmegdru badakngdru.
Aground, ad. ê-tiSôU^J ^ nelapattitu vUu dnagondu.
Ague, ftWjW e;j b^/|f *|.
Ah ! int. ' 0/je.
Ahead, ad. o* ^ / dyiV.
'd, *. rissTjj , rata' rfy, *rfya wV.
I 'V.
-a-11i . n. Sjao&a ojjSdJ, ^^^ nombala dyitiru, kaaakare dyiAilmeut, . j?ja;2}>, #cr3 nombala karakare.
Aim *. #0, .; , /.
Aim, p. . &/i>jrfj, O&s^ jjs)rfj wr rf, yatna mddu.
Air, . >, TT"^3 bdna, kdttu.
Airing, *. sô , ^ SduXorfj A7u tavdri, kdtulu tirvguvadu.
Airy, . ôUs^So tempn.
Akin, a. ^ 7j aamandavdnu, ama dnu.
Alacrity, *. Sjtoj, ^'^ Jfrijrii beriya, santsha mdduvadu.
Alarm, . T&j, pijdi, . e. ^'&ado S?ja3 Eodi pdiehiru bottichiru.
Alas ! |' oojso oyyrf.
Albeit, ad. ejjSt^vj, ioi* dnakkalu, endakkalu.
'
'..
Alert, e. teoj , tfrfi^j tfi mye nu, kadvpu dnu.
t.
Algebra, . '^ bijayanita.

Alien,. ;&5>, tdcusvdi, ^, Lis'Sr.udo'zSêradi ndfuwt, paradtshakbru, budalude'shakdru, pinnyoruddthakbru.
Alienate, . . ^-^' -j^-ii, zio-%zb$zi , ,>.} t{a
tii chunnydribhe'da mddu, channydribheda kdmbu, pinnyobbangii, vappiehiru
Alienation, *. e^s^sb^jd ^>,.7\ tfsSdj, channyd
ribheda, pinyebbangu dvaru, pinnyobbangv vadu.
124
Dictionary-
Alo.
Alitfit, . * 'ft
Alike, erf 7j~ OS ~ii amamlyitn.
Aliment, *. , S inn, Uni.
Alive, a. Ufa UOtj^jiva ujfii.
All, erf. ft, $* */, /-.
Allay, . a. estfSo Ce&fc adetiya driclirv.
Allege, . . , $?&( ennu, nerdyituyennu.
Allegiance, . "5&} oSwseo doreyatu ha/dfu.
Allegory, . 7TO& gddi.
Alleviate, . a. djarfj, rtifrdJi>, tf SjjrfJSii lacha mddu. gumm
mddu kammi mddu.
Alley, Tczfc, oSjj^j; enrfv, yû.
Alliance, . TfcJjot sumuuda.
Alligator, . .' mtale.
Allot, . a. Btuosjrfi, wsjsrfj, ^fcosjTk pdluyidu, pdlumddu, vdiyidti.
Allotment, *. ^/sjb, tnvi vdi, pdlu.

Allow, . a. t&JiXKuZk, lJrtiX3*J^8>jrJ ippakkubndu, mddupakkubudu.
Allowance, . > appane.
Allude, . a. Ot>ed>. rtjd:ra7j ariehiru, gnamddn.
Allure, . e. Cield.) lSxiueltiJ t'thepadichiru, dtepadichiru.
Allusion, . "Kju&S, 'Vfbi ehane, itdre.
Ally, . e*o~fsBîô3j, *, 7?Tjjelcj ehannydrimhitu, k(u, sc'rvckru.
Almanac, . panchduga.
Almighty,. odoeftoXj uitg^j yalldngu balyavu.
Almighty, a. odjeftoXj >?^ yelldngu bulyavandnu.
Almond, . . bddammu.
Almost, ad. opoT Oi. QSjt cJtennangu, kmmt dyitu.
Alma, . zsvp duna.
Aloe, *. ju7jti Ulitara.
Aloft, ad. >?#, *, Jsd mike, kodilu, mira.
Alone, . & tfosrj, tf3
Josj^j on/i dyitu, patte dyitu.
Aloof, erf. ZijviVOSi) durakdyitu.

Aloud, erf. * kutdyitu.
125
I>letionary.
Amb.
Alphabet, * d aMari.
Already, ad, "SF^? ikkul.
'- *"'
Also, ad. fjbli kudu.

Altar, . 5Lc-3(, SB beliphia, tafln.
r'
Alter, . e. SiC^ osseltj, ?j>3 Jrfj badlayichiru, bore mddu.
"
Alternation, *. <3, ,<5, d </, Ve, ^re. .

Alterative, . 5?5 rijartat Ve mddutadn.
'.
Altercate, . n. X$ rfj:fc, tfs- dJrfi, && Jjirfj >^/e u/A,

/ra mddu, kayachala mddu.
Altercation, *. 8X^. #-, tfos)8io jaga\a, tarha kayichalu.
Alternate, . . JJrfi t'irnki tiriki mddu.
Alternative, * doîauad^^ j^rii danddluvavaranna driehitueduvudu.
Although, a. d. tSptivjd, tfuotfl dnakal, dchenyyd.
Altitude, *. i&t vodara.
Altogether, a. d. o->". 3;d ella, tira.
Aluin, *. * .
Alwaye a. d. &~^ ekkdlu.
;'..
Amalgam, *. 'orf'dTo 3d 3d pddarasa tira berake.
/.
:r
, '!.'
Amalgamate, . a. xbadTi adrdj pddarasa beraeu.

Amanuensis, *. O&^ZJkj^! yeladuvamt.
Amass, . . *, T$;C8adJ f, richiru.
.-,.' '
Amaurosis, , ridjodtforsj $>> varutarukannu nombala. Amaze, . e. i!jJuedj bramepadichiru.

Amazement,*. & brame.
, , ',
. ' ." '.'
Amazon, *. tffsjrf ^^ 1 Vii<rfe gunrvullu ponnu.

Ambassador, *. lidr^, tomtom. efdtfzJ tdfw paradhdni, dajabdyi,
dorerakade vaki/u.
Amber, sX^^djî ebenganenuruvu.
Ambient, . # <) ella/liy vjltt.
Ambiguity, ^ voici anumdna andMa.
Ambiguous, . ^^ andnhdnu.
Ambition, *. eaeÔfd j tin balyarikera mle die.

Ambitious, a. tot>id &> 5 \> balyarikera mle dee //.
Amblo, . a utf 75d hW/7/ nada.
120
A
-.,- J:
1$$* S88TBH,
1. I HAD BEEN TO THE PADDY-FIELDS
IN THIS MOBNING.
Coorg. ($*& ritni
tcerfj
&' .
Bo-0h-(n<n
nrate
bluku
pyiu inje.
Telugu.
Sanscrit
paldka
I mor.iing
early
to the paddy fields had been.
n/nu poda'unne anta padduh
madiki
pH unfi,
Canarese. ndnu beliyye

Tamil.
ndn ktdle
Malayalum.
ashtottige
nrami
gaddege
keiniki
hgi idde. I
pay* irunddne.
2. HE WENT TO THE RAGI-FIELDS AT NOON,

AND EETUENED AFTEE EEAPING THE BAGI.
feso^ rfja)tf
apposai oxdos* A*ao& znt.
Coorg. 1
a
lanvu majjanaka
polaku
pyitu
yerayx
......
kojjandu batu.
Tel.
He noon to the ragi fields having been ragi plucking came.

dtadu madhyanamu polamuku
poyi rdgalu pervkoni cachche.
Sans.
Can.
,,
>i
<
m
avanu madhyanna holakhe 8 pg% or hgi* rdgi kuyudu kondu banda.
Tamil, avan
Mala.
madhyana
kolleku
n
pyi
kvaru aratitkondu tanda.
1. "Pogiidda" is old Canarese and in modern Canarese " Hogi idda." Words
beginning with p in ancient Canarese change into A in modern words. This rule equally
applies to a number of words that are borrowed from the Tamil and Telugu into the
Canarese. As : " Pen " female in Tamil is changed into " Hefi " in Canarese ; " Puli"
tiger to " Huli " in Canarese and " Pal " to " Hal." In Telugu from Pwu " to "Hutu"
and"Pdi" to "Hdi."
2. Neram means in Tamil time, as explained in the other paper.
3. See note 1.
4. Seo noto 1.
*
129
Idiomfttlo Sentences.
8. THIS MAN WENT TO A WEDDING

AT ANANTANAD TESTEEDAT AND CAME TO DAT.
J invu ninnndu anantandduku mangaaku pyitu indu bdttu.
Ho or yesterday to anantanad* to a wed- Laving to-day came.
ding
gone
this man.
mangalumuku 5 poyi indu 0 vaehehe.

Tel.
itadu
mangalamS
Sane.
maduvige 6
hgi ihottu banda.
Can. ivanu nenne
Tamil, ivvan
nttu
mangalatirku 6 poi inniki vanda.

Mala. ,.
4. SHE IS SITTING IN THE YARD STITCHING A JACKET.

Coorg,
Tel.
Sans.
Can.
Tamil.
Mala.
3eo
_
ava
She
adi
tettilu
in the yard
infdnakal
avalu
jagalili 8
avval
polakadel
yelatandu kuppiya 7 pollurah. 9

eitting
a jacket
stitches.
Mkoni niluva choga Mrutt\ndL
kuttukondu niluvangi
ulckdandu
okkayi
holliyutdle. 1*
tekkiraf.
5. I AM WRITING A SONG IN THE ROOM.

;;
*?5
Coorg.
kmbareu
{ ndnu
pdtu
yeadiyandu
ule.
in the room
song
writing
am.
ko(adil
nnu
krtana rasukoni
unfi.
Tel.
Sans.
kotjadiolage
Can.
ndnu
Mrtan bariutd
iddhene.
hfuhulle
Tamil, ndn
pd(u
yldikondu irunde.
Mala.
Anantanad being a proper noun is the same in all languages. The word nad in
Telugu, Tamil, Canarese, and also in Malayalum means a country or regio as we have
in Mysore Mamad, the AVynd, and the numerous nods in Coorg.
6. The word " Mangalam " in Sanscrit means a wedding and auspiciousncss and t>
wedding is considered by all the Hindus to be an auspicious event in a man's life.
Vide note in the other paper.
6. Indu is used in Telugu not in the sense of to day but here.
7. Kuppiya means the long coat worn by the Coorgs
8. Hittulu means in Canarese the baok yard.
9. & 10. As explained in note 1. we observe clearly the change of p in Coorg langu
age info * m Canarese.
130
diomatlo Sentences.
. THE SERVANTS HAVE DONE THE WORK
OF THE CATTLE SUED NICELY.
Coorg.
1^ \ua
kottuda
pai cMyile
kejjiyatlu.
Serrante of tho Cattle shed work nicely have worked or done.
evakalu ko((ayeyokkd4 pai tuchiga
kjyu.
TeL
OUI18,
Can.
Tamil.
Mala.
tt
if
ii
dfugatn
kotigiya
ke/asa ehanndgi
dfvgal kottay nodayo vle nalladdyi
,,
mdtfi idddrt,
eyindu ehi.
..
*
7. YOU ARE GOING TO THE BACK-YARD

TO PLUCK A CUCUMBER.
&/UOitfj
(>b
ziw&
âbodjf.
Coorg.
todiyaku
chante
koylvaku
pSpiyd.
} /
Tel.
You
nlvu
Sane.
Can. .
nnu
Tamil.
Mala.
to the back yard

infianaku
cucumber
dvsakdyi
hittalige
ni
to pluck
koyufaku
aro going.
pAthaou.
antekdyi kuyuvadakkd pguhiy
polikade
or hilguthiyd.
velrikdyi arakurataku pogirai.
i,
8. THE WALL BUILDER HAS PUT UP THE WALL

OP THE BATHING HOUSE WELL.
*
kleyu
guddatura
builder of the wall bathing house
kevatuna nulldnne bechchiyatu

wall
well
hau put.
goda
gdapanivdu stanamusese illu
bdgm
pet(e..*.
Tel.
hudya
kudya kara 12
>
Sans.
ttnada mane gde ehanndgi katfiddare.
youe kattuvavanu
Can.
tanni du
evar IS andrayi
Tamil. eivaru katfuvavan
Main.
n
n
II
-><
n
11 & 11. Kottayae also means a pent roof or a temporary shed put up in front of
tempu to celebrate a religious procession.
12. Kudya means in Sanscrit wall and Kudya Kara, builder ofa wall. Kuleya and
Kudya or Kudeya have nearly the same sound but I do not know how to account far
the change of d in Sansorit into I in Coorg.
13. Sovara is the word in Tamil for a walL
131
Xdiomatia Sentences.
9. THE CARPENTER FINISHED THE DOOR FRAME

AND WENT TO THE NAD THIS TEAR.
^
dyiri
ka((alepan
titittu
ylydndu
ndaku
pohi.
Carpenter
work of the
having
this year to the nad
went
door frame finished

mdnipanivddu vdkilapani 14 tirela
i 15 yddddi ndduku pyanu or
Tel
pyindw
Sans-
Can. marakelatadavanu bgala kelasa tiriti { 15 varusha nddigepdanu or
Tamil taehchen
Mala.
hdanu. 16
teerti inda 16 varusham nattikku pndn.
kuttulu 17
..
10. THE CATTLE ARE GOING FROM THE HILLS

TO GEAZE ON THE GRASS LANDS.
âtta
Tel.
Sans.
Can.
kundalinji
Cattle from the hills

dvulu kondanuneM
,.
danagalu
Tamil, pasugaj
Mala.
bdneku
mvakit
ppala.
to the grass lands to graze are going.

katavu nydlaku meyufaku pavuehundvi.
beffadindalB
mdlakkaW myuvadakke pguttave or
koondragalilirindu
hguttave.
mayuvadarkku pogindrana.
14. Pani in Telugu means work.

15. 15. 15. in Telugu and in Canarese means this and inda in Tamil
16. See note l.
The" may be left out when, speaking and is understood.
18. Gutta or betta is the word for hill in Canareee.
19. Mala means pasture land but the people generally say hullu male,
132
Cardinal Number.
CARDINAL NUMBERS.
ijorfj vondu,
tadi dandu,
ijtoi mndu,
3
If
ndlu,
anji,
Sti druf
8
t eft,
&09jostfl) oyimbadu,
"
5^ pattu,
to^ôtj pannnondu,
lio$rioT> pannerandu,
d>yxiboT3 padumndu,
tto^rao padunlu,
*
oJf
ot
trbjcaa padunanji,
ii^si padundru,
tzb$^$i padunu,
Tit3$b3,padune(lu,
tS#js osjoairfj pattoyimbadu, '
fsrdjdd) iruvadu,
tstfi'eju tti iruvatlondu,
rs)tiirf dorii iruvatterandu,
JBXI
4djJ s&orii iruvattamndu,
<4dJt JJiio iruvattanlu,

cvxa'i oaS iruvattanji,
.*
Sf
rtbdssd) iruvattdru,
-0_
"adida /j iruvattju,
^>
lidjrf , iruvattetfu,
4d)Jjs >>& iruvattoyimbadu,
nuppadu,
^>T>) ndpadu,
5fo
osjCb eimbadu,
183
1
2
3
4
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
. 29
30
40
60
Cardinal Numbers.
drrij aruvadu.
>$sai eluvadu,
to
eo
ioirio etnbadu,
O^jsd, einru,
Sfoo
^ odj eintyittondu,
foo
70
80
90
100
101
110
. 200
201
210
300
301
310
400
401
410
600
501
W^jrfj drunuru,
^ otj drunyittondu,
E.00
coo
aja^WdJ ttonru,
E"0
jsth nixru,
pjiOSjb orfj nyittondu,
ooo
ooo
ÎffiOirtj nyitapaltu,
4o?jdJ inniru,
one
$>'& oda inmiyittondu,
xso
<bo$JbOS3i *& innyittupattu,
xoo
00
*5 munnru,
jJ7?jS^09Jaja odo munnyittondu.
is$jb^03)tt& munnyitupattu,
3oo
Sort
tfoo
Tiz^j&i nnru,
Zv$jxssiejb orfj ndnyittondu,
tfoo
^v^jbOui'^ ndnyitapattu,
tfoo
. LOf)
2oo
b^jrtfc ,
^pjbOii'j!) odi elanyittondu,
2oo
bxpjvii eftunru,
o-00
8-00
Z.^rijbrii wombeinru,
0,000
CJowd rfyrn,
oti dyirafondu,
0,000
OSodoi dyiratapattu,
0,000
OOSyd'Zijaii dyiratanru,
o.noo
tozSbOsd danddyira,
,000
3,000
&WocKQSod mnddyira,
'pwsosxi ndldy'ira,
tf.ooo
esotfosjt dnjidyira,
bf.000
00,000
> osrf pattdyira.
0,00,000
ft> taJisha,
134
GOL
700
701
800
900
1,000
1,001
1,010
1,100
2,000
3,000
4,000
6,000
10,000
1,00,000
Ordinal Number.
ORDINAL NUMBERS.
The ordinal numbers are formed by adding the affixes ts$ ane to the
Cardinal number?.
fcori$ mondne,
tozif ilandane,
jj>od$ mundane,
?$ /en*,
9o$ anjane,
&C.
&C.
1st.
2nd.
3rd.
4th.
6th.
&C.
MONTHS.
olsdireodj yadamyru, AprilMay.
tfSBBjdj kdyru, MayJune,
tf i adre, JuneJuly,
tfrt kakkada, JulyAugust.
eloasotfc chingynru, AugustSeptember.
tfopsodj kannydru, SeptemberOctober.
>& toleyru, OctoberNovember.
jEôdjBTfc Irichchiyru, NovemberDecember.
tdJAJOdjid darumeydru, DecemberJanuary.
sjjaraodj tndlydru, JanuaryFobruary.
' >' tfjotaaotij humbydru, FebruaryMarch.
'!
JB^Bodi mnyru, MarchApril.
The Coorgs always commence to plough their fields on the first day of
CtJjzSriJiptfc yadamyru, whether rain has fallen or not. If the seasons be
propitious and rain has fallen, the ploughing is continued ; otherwise the
ploughing is not continued till a sufficiency of rain has fallen. The follow
ing legend is assigned as the reason for the Coorgs thus punctually com
mencing to plough every year. It is said that Coorg formerly belonged to
the descendants of the Pndus, one of the Lunar races mentioned in the
135
Ordinal Numbers.
Furnas. These Pndus were carried off by force to heaven, and ever af
terwards prayed for thoir lands to be restored to them. The deity pro.
mised to restore their lands on the first day of the new year, and to pre
vent such restoration the Coorgs punctually commence to plough their
fields early in the morning of the first day of each year.
On the first of the >^> toleyru the Kaveri feast commence
and the goddess Kaveri is worshipped in each house. A great annual
festival is also held at Thula kveri, the source of the river.
The Huttri, or Harvest Festival is held during the month of tu/tS-cn
rjj brichehhiydru. The Coorgs call it the Puttri Feast. The word Puttri
is compounded of xîputu, now, and C ari, a sheaf of corn.
DAYS.
jjOS- ndrdche, Sunday.
SoXysS tingajdche, Monday.
S&/>^jO chovudche, Tuesday.
</t?9S podandche, Wednesday.
belache, Thursday.
>9 psS bolldche, Friday.
e#??$ chanidche, Saturday.
As regards the origin of the names assigned to the different days of
the week, I have only been able to ascertain that jssODiJ ndrdche, is com
pounded of ^ ndrdyana, a name of the deity used also for the
sun, and G dcJie, a day ; and BaX^pU tingaldche, of Sort</j tingalu,
the moon, and &S ache, a day.
186
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An Elementary Grammar of The Coorg Language

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This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized

by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the

This is an authorized facsimile of the original book, and

SSOS ijjjp an Ol.: .Vy ,, j j _.., ;

Ulv.UbraryfUC Santa Cruz 2002

LEWIN BENTHAM BOWRING, Esq,

vanish. Now they flash up brighter than ever, as if this world of

the curtain of the monsoon is withdrawn. The yearly fall of rain in

The chief difference as regards pronunciation and in the letters of

Sound of the Consonants

THE COORG LANGUAGE.

. 2. esdj, fofrw, Tradj , sJo^j, wantu, denote possession; as,

bist of Nouns of Relationship.

LIST OF NOUNS OF EELATIONSIIIP.

^po&pondi, or "fyiorb) pon,

Sjb'v/ tndwu, son.

Includes her sister &c.

)xlyjb^ maru-mwa, grand

&ti-&jb*ify kiru mwu, great

Son's wife's father.

si>e raj machchinu, husband's

' brother's wife.

elder brother, wife's younger bro

Nouns are of the Masculine, Feminine and Neuter genders.

riodwo jwiiii, a cow.

Cbude Noun tfxbau.

No. rfjdoajj kurubu, a shepherd.

In. BbdJ&^AiBorf.) kurubanagondu,

Tfcdoai kuruba, shepherds.

tfotioaji kurubar, Ac.

MASCULINE NOUNS ENDING in .

Da. Xid-jtf) gurukeu, to

Ab. X:dj &$$* guruna-chelUtu,

bo. Tisdi-d -fy pakka, in

Xjditf &f3 ffuruva!a-e^litu'

Xidodd tfy >( pakka, in

FEMININE NOUNS ENDING IN ob.

TkxJwo paiju, a cow

towr E?> payuna-chellitu, Tioxo^ ^,^ payuvafa-chellttu,

NEUTER NOUNS ENDINO IN .

The Instrumental case in such nouns is formed by the insertion of ri

2nd DECLENSION. NOUNS ENDING in e.

Ac. "&jb%<i mvafa,

In. SjiiCsi^Aiaod.) mvufagondu, by

Ab. ^ ^S,^ mvala-chellitu,

>;&$ ^^,j mliyala-cbellitu

Lo. 'rfrf x5bV mvada-pakka, in

8rd DECLENSION. NOUNS ENDING in .

Ckude Notjk t^po.

No., pari, male buffalo.

ptcrf p6riya]a, Do.

Ab. <!/? ^%&3 prina-chellitu,

pb<3}$ > &) priyajachellitu,

Lo. Tpdd ti* prira-pakka, in

Vo. /& piriy, O Do.

The plural nominative is formed by adding oo to the singular ; and the *t

MASCULINE NOUNS ENDING in .

No. TJdnJi paradhdni, a minister

lu. zJdt2 & gondii,

Go. SdsSd paradhdnira, of

FEMININE NOUNS ENDING IN .

No. midi, a girl.

Ab. &> ^2,^ mdinu-cheltitu,

80 tanga, thomeelves.