Training Manual TM2500

*(3RZHU
:DWHU
TM2500 Package Familiarization

Ecopetrol
2014
All rights reserved by the General Electric Company. No

copies permitted without the prior written consent of
the General Electric Company.
The text and the classroom instruction offered with it
are designed to acquaint students with generally
accepted good practice for the operation or maintenance of equipment and/or systems.
They do not purport to be complete nor are they
intended to be specific for the products of any
manufacturer, including those of the General Electric
Company; and the Company will not accept any
liability whatsoever for the work undertaken on the
basis of the text or classroom instruction. The
manufacturers operating and maintenance specifications are the only reliable guide in any specific
instance; and where they are not complete, the
manufacturer should be consulted.
The materials contained in this document are intended
for educational purposes only. This document does not
establish specifications, operating procedures or
maintenance methods for any of the products
referenced. Always refer to the official written
materials (labeling) provided with the product for
specifications, operating procedures and maintenance
requirements.
Proprietary Training Material Property of GE.
Use of these materials is limited to agents and GE
employees, or other parties expressly licensed by GE.
Unlicensed use is strictly prohibited.
2014 General Electric Company
GE Power & Water

Ecopetrol
2014
Tab 1
Introduction
F-000-00-00-000-00
Tab 2
Gas Turbine Basics
F-025-10-10-000-00
Tab 3
Construction and Operation
F-025-10-10-101-00
Tab 4
Turbine Lube Oil System
F-025-10-20-103-00
Tab 5
Variable Geometry System
F-025-10-10-202-00
Tab 6
Hydraulic Start System
F-025-10-20-050-00
Tab 7
Dual Fuel System
F-025-10-20-306-00
Tab 8
Ventilation and Combustion Air System
F-025-10-20-401-00
Tab 9
Water Wash System
F-025-10-20-501-00
Tab 10
Vibration Monitoring System
F-025-10-20-701-00
Tab 11
Fire Protection System
F-025-10-20-801-00
Tab 12
Generator Construction (60 Hz)
F-025-10-30-100-00
Tab 13
Basic Electricity
F-000-00-60-001-00
Tab 14
Generator Lube Oil System (60 Hz)
F-025-10-30-300-00
Tab 15
Control System
F-025-10-40-101-00
Tab 16
Sequences
F-025-10-50-004-00
Tab 17
Appendix & abbreviations
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Ecopetrol
GE Power & Water

Tab 18
Tab A
Tab B
Tab C
Tab D
Reference Drawings
Flow and Instrument Drawings
Symbols and Abbreviations
Hydraulic Start System
Ventilation and Combustion Air System
Turbine Lube Oil System
Generator Lube Oil System (60 Hz)
Fuel System
Water Wash System
Aux Instrumentation
7245381-751231
7245381-751232
7245381-751239
7245381-751244
7245381-751248
7245381-751260
7245381-751262
7245381-751272
F&ID- MC-1
Electrical Drawings
Electrical Symbols and Abbreviations
Turbine Control Panel Plan and Elevation
One Line Diagram
Fuel Control Layout
Control system Worksheet
Cause and Effect Matrix
7245381-753005
7245381-753014
7245381-753031
752145
7245381-753146
7245381-752149
General Arrangement Drawings

Main Unit
Plot Plan
Auxiliary Skid
7245381-751200
7245381-751202
7245381-751218
GA-MC-1
LM2500 Airflow
LM2500+ Airflow
LM2500

Ecopetrol
Tab 1
gGE Energy
F-000-00-00-000-01
GE Aero Package Training Course Introduction
BOC/FAM Course Introduction
Slide 1
gGE Energy
This document is intended for training use only. It is not intended to cover all possible variations
in equipment or to provide for specific problems that may arise.
Technical drawings and descriptions herein are intended to illustrate conceptual examples and do
not necessarily represent as-supplied system details. System users are advised to refer to
drawings of current release when conducting troubleshooting, maintenance procedures, or other
activities requiring system information.
GE Aero Energy Products advises that all plant personnel read this training manual and the
Operation & Maintenance Manual to become familiar with the generator package, auxiliary
equipment and operation.
This manual is not a replacement for experience and judgment. The final responsibility for proper,
safe operation of the generator package lies with the Owners and Operators. Operation and
performance of auxiliary equipment and controls not furnished by GE is the sole responsibility of
the Owners and Operators.
Reproduction of this guide in whole or in part without written permission is prohibited.
F-000-00-00-000-01
Slide 2
gGE Energy
Course Objectives
This training course is designed to provide system operators with :
Understanding of basic Gas Turbine and Generator operation
Understanding of how each of the sub systems operates, individually and as part of
the total package
Ability to initiate and maintain normal system operation
Ability to recognize system alarm and fault information and take appropriate action
Understanding of system documentation
Knowledge of serviceable components and maintenance required for normal
operation
This course should be considered a mandatory prerequisite for more advanced training in
package mechanical maintenance or control system maintenance and troubleshooting.
F-000-00-00-000-01
Slide 3
gGE Energy
OVERVIEW OF GE ENERGY PRODUCTS

GE Energy is a leading supplier of diesel and aero-derivative gas turbine packages for industrial and
marine applications, with many units operating throughout the world.
GE Energy takes single source responsibility for the total equipment package and provides field service
for the equipment once it has been installed.
All of GE Energys skill and field experience is built into each unit. Customers needs are met with
standardized designs, which have been proven time and time again in tropical heat, desert sand and
arctic cold.
For a customer with special requirements, GE Energy adds features from a list of pre-engineered options.
GE Energy provides job-site supervision and operator training, offers total plant operation and
maintenance when desired, and backs up each unit with a multi-million dollar inventory of turbine parts, as
well as a service department with trained personnel ready to perform field service anywhere in the world
24 hours a day, 365 days a year.
Meeting customers requirements for quality, dependability and outstanding service is the commitment of
GE Energy.
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gGE Energy

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
The following are general safety precautions that are not related to any specific procedures
and do not appear elsewhere in this manual. Personnel must understand and apply these
precautions during all phases of operation and maintenance.
Health Hazards
Use all cleaning solvents, fuels, oil adhesives, epoxies, and catalysts in a well-ventilated area.
Avoid frequent and prolonged inhalation of fumes. Concentrations of fumes of many cleaners,
adhesives, and esters are toxic and cause serious adverse health effects, and possible death, if
inhaled frequently. Wear protective gloves and wash thoroughly with soap and water as soon as
possible after exposure to such materials. Take special precautions to prevent materials from
entering the eyes. If exposed, rinse the eyes in an eyebath fountain immediately and report to a
physician. Avoid spilling solvents on the skid. Review the hazard information on the appropriate
Material Safety Data Sheet and follow all applicable personal protection requirements.
Environmental Hazards
The disposal of many cleaning solvents, fuels, oils, adhesives, epoxies, and catalysts is regulated
and, if mismanaged, could cause environmental damage. Review Material Safety Data Sheets,
product bulletin information, and applicable local, state and federal disposal requirements for
proper waste management practices.
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Fire Hazards
Keep all cleaning solvents, oils, esters and adhesives away from exposed-element electric
heaters, sparks or flame. Do not smoke when using flammable materials, in the vicinity of
flammable materials, or in areas where flammable materials are stored. Provide adequate
ventilation to disperse concentrations of potentially explosive fumes or vapors. Provide approved
containers for bulk storage of flammable materials, and approved dispensers in the working
areas. Keep all containers tightly closed when not in use.
Electrical Hazards
Use extreme care when working with electricity. Electricity can cause shock, burns or death.
Electrical power must be off before connecting or disconnecting electrical connectors. Lethal output
voltages are generated by the ignition exciter. Do not energize the exciter unless the output
connection is properly isolated. Be sure all leads are connected and the plug is installed. All
personnel should be cleared to at least 5 feet before firing the exciter.
Compressed Air Hazards
Air pressure used in work areas for cleaning or drying operations shall be regulated to 29 psi or
less. Use approved personal protective equipment (goggles or face shield) to prevent injury to the
eyes. Do not direct the jet of compressed air at yourself or other personnel so that refuse is blown
onto adjacent work stations. If additional air pressure is required to dislodge foreign materials from
parts, ensure that approved personal protective equipment is worn, and move to an isolated area.
Be sure that the increased air pressure is not detrimental or damaging to the parts before applying
high-pressure jets of air.
F-000-00-00-000-01
Slide 6
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Procedural Hazards
Observe all specified and logical safety practices when assembling or disassembling the engine.
Wear safety glasses or other appropriate eye protection at all times. Do not allow safety wire or
wire clippings to fly from the cutter when removing or installing wire. Do not use fingers as guides
when installing parts or checking alignment of holes. Use only correct tools and fixtures. Avoid
shortcuts, such as using fewer-than-recommended attaching bolts or inferior-grade bolts. Heed
all warnings in this manual and in all vendor manuals, to avoid injury to personnel or damage to
gas turbine parts.
Tooling Hazards
Improperly maintained tools and support equipment can be dangerous to personnel, and can
damage gas turbine parts. Observe recommended inspection schedules to avoid unanticipated
failures. Use tooling only for its designed purpose and avoid abuse. Be constantly alert for
damaged equipment, and initiate appropriate action for approved repair immediately.
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Gas Turbine Operational Hazards

The outside surfaces of the engine are not insulated; therefore, adequate precautions shall be taken to
prevent operating personnel from inadvertently coming into contact with these hot surfaces.
The gas turbine is a source of considerable noise. It is necessary for personnel working on the gas
turbine or in its vicinity to wear proper ear protection equipment when it is operating.
The gas turbine is a high-speed machine. In case of component failure, the skid housing would contain
compressor and turbine blade failures, but might not contain major compressor or turbine disk failures.
Operating personnel shall not be permanently stationed in or near the plane of the rotating parts.
Low-pressure, high-velocity airflow created by the compressor can draw objects or personnel into the
engine. Although an inlet screen is used, personnel should not stand in front of the inlet while the engine
is operating.
When entering the gas turbine enclosure, the following requirements must be met:
The gas turbine will be shut down or limited to core idle power.
The fire extinguishing system will be made inactive.
The enclosure door shall be kept open. If the gas turbine is operating, an observer shall be
stationed at the enclosure door, and confined space entry procedures will be followed.
Avoid contact with hot parts, and wear thermally insulated gloves, as necessary.
Hearing protection (double) will be worn if the gas turbine is operating.
Do not remain in the plane of rotation of the starter when motoring the gas turbine.
When performing maintenance on electrical components, turn off electrical power to those components,
except when power is required to take voltage measurements. Lock out all controls and switches, if
possible; otherwise, tag electrical switches Out of Service to prevent inadvertent activation. Tag the
engine operating controls Do Not Operate to prevent the unit from being started during a shutdown
condition.
F-000-00-00-000-01
Slide 8
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Cleanliness and FOD/DOD

FOD/DOD (foreign object damage/domestic object damage) is the single major cause of
premature gas turbine failure. Prevention is the only practical means of protecting against FOD,
and adherence to the following guidelines cannot be over-emphasized.
Empty pockets of all lose objects.
Keep maintenance area clean and organized.

Keep FOD containers in the work area to receive bits of safety wire, used gaskets, Orings and other similar types of debris. USE THEM.
Do not use the gas turbine as a shelf to hold parts and tools during maintenance.
Install protective covers and caps on all exposed openings during maintenance.
Remove protective caps and covers only when required to install a part or make a
connection.
After protective caps and covers are removed, inspect all openings and cavities for
foreign objects and cleanliness.
After maintenance, thoroughly clean and inspect work area. Account for all tools, parts,
and materials used during maintenance.
F-000-00-00-000-01
Slide 9
Tab 2
gGE Energy
TM2500+ Gen VI Package Familiarization
GAS TURBINE BASICS
F-000-10-10-000-00
Turbine Basics
Slide 1
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F-000-10-10-000-00
Turbine Basics
Slide 2
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OVERVIEW
The major components of the engine are a compressor section, combustion section, and a turbine. The turbine is
mechanically coupled and drives the compressor by a drive shaft.
The compressor, combustor, and turbine are called the core of the engine, since all gas turbines have these components.
The core is also referred to as the gas generator (GG) since the output of the core is hot exhaust gas.
The gas is passed through an exhaust duct to atmosphere. On some types of applications, the exhaust gas is used to drive
an additional turbine called the power turbine which is connected to a piece of driven equipment (i.e. generators, pumps,
process compressors, etc).
Because of their high power output and high thermal efficiency, gas turbine engines are also used in a wide variety of
applications not related to the aircraft industry. Connecting the main shaft (or power turbine) of the engine to an electromagnet rotor will generate electrical power. Gas turbines can also be used to power ships, trucks and military tanks. In
these applications, the main shaft is connected to a gear box.
F-000-10-10-000-00
Turbine Basics
Slide 3
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F-000-10-10-000-00
Turbine Basics
Slide 4
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TURBINE BASICS
The balloon drawings above illustrate the basic principles upon which gas turbine engines operate.
Compressed inside a balloon, as in (A) above, exerts force upon the confines of the balloon. Air, which has weight and
occupies space, by definition, has mass. The mass of the air is proportional to its density, and density is proportional to
temperature and pressure. The air mass confined inside the balloon, accelerates from the balloon, creating a force as it is
released (B). This force increases as mass and acceleration increase, as stated in Newtons second law; force equals mass
times acceleration (F = MA).
The force created by the acceleration of the air mass inside the balloon results in an equal and opposite force that causes
the balloon to be propelled in the opposite direction, as stated in Newtons third law (for every action, there is an equal and
opposite reaction). Replacing the air inside the balloon, as in (C) sustains the force and, although impractical, allows a load
to be driven by the force of the air mass accelerating across and driving a turbine, as in (D).
In (E) a more practical means of sustaining the force of an accelerating air mass used to drive a load is illustrated. A
housing contains a fixed volume of air, which is compressed by a motor driven compressor. Acceleration of the compressed
air from the housing drives a turbine that is connected to the load.
In (F) fuel is injected between the compressor and the turbine to further accelerate the air mass, thus multiplying the force
used to drive the load.
In (G) the motor is removed and the compressor is powered by a portion of the combustion gas, thus making the engine
self-sufficient as long as fuel is provided.
In (H) a typical gas turbine-engine operation is represented. Intake air is compressed, mixed with fuel and ignited. The hot
gas is expanded across a turbine to provide mechanical power and exhausted to atmosphere.
F-000-10-10-000-00
Turbine Basics
Slide 5
gGE Energy
Gas Turbine Operation Vs.Reciprocating Engine Operation

F-000-10-10-000-00
Turbine Basics
Slide 6
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COMPRESSION COMBUSTION EXPANSION EXHAUST

Four processes occur in gas turbine engines, as illustrated above. These processes, first described by George Brayton
and called the Brayton cycle, occur in all internal combustion engines. The Brayton steps are as follows:
Compression occurs between the intake and the outlet of the compressor (Line A-B). During this process, pressure and
temperature of the air increases.
Combustion occurs in the combustion chamber where fuel and air are mixed to explosive proportions and ignited. The
addition of heat causes a sharp increase in volume (Line BC).
Expansion occurs as hot gas accelerates from the combustion chamber. The gases at constant pressure and increased
volume enter the turbine and expand through it. The sharp decrease in pressure and temperature (Line C-D).
Exhaust occurs at the engine exhaust stack with a large drop in volume and at a constant pressure (Line D-A).
The number of stages of compression and the arrangement of turbines that convert the energy of accelerating hot gas into
mechanical energy are design variables. However, the basic operation of all gas turbines is the same.
F-000-10-10-000-00
Turbine Basics
Slide 7
gGE Energy
F-000-10-10-000-00
Turbine Basics
Slide 8
gGE Energy
CONVERGENT AND DIVERGENT DUCTS

Compressors in gas turbine engines use convergent and divergent ducts to generate the high pressures necessary to (a)
provide a wall of pressure, preventing expanding hot gas from exiting through the engine inlet, as well as, through the
exhaust; and (b) provide the proper ratio of air-to-fuel for efficient combustion and cooling of the combustion chamber.
Pressure decreases through convergent ducts and increases through divergent ducts, a phenomenon which is
demonstrated in paint spray equipment. Compressed air, forced through a convergent duct, generates a lower pressure
through the narrow section to draw in paint.
Expansion through a divergent section then increases pressure and air volume, dispersing the paint in an atomized mist.
F-000-10-10-000-00
Turbine Basics
Slide 9
gGE Energy
F-000-10-10-000-00
Turbine Basics
Slide 10
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INLET GUIDE VANES

Inlet guide vanes direct, or align, airflow into the first rotating blade section where velocity is increased by the addition of
energy. The following stator vane section is divergent, providing an increase in static pressure and a decrease in air
velocity. Airflow then enters the second stage at a higher initial velocity and pressure than at the inlet to the preceding
stage. Each subsequent stage provides an incremental increase in velocity and static pressure until the desired level of
pressure and velocity is reached.
Some compressor stator vanes are designed to move, changing their divergence, allowing regulation of compressor outlet
pressure and velocity to achieve the proper ratio of air for fuel combustion and cooling versus engine speed and power
output.
F-000-10-10-000-00
Turbine Basics
Slide 11
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Axial Flow Compressor
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Centrifugal Flow Compressor
Turbine Basics
Slide 12
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COMPRESSORS
Compressors in gas turbine engines use convergent and divergent ducts to generate the high pressures necessary to (a)
provide a wall of pressure, preventing expanding hot gas from exiting through the engine inlet as well as through the
exhaust; and (b) provide the proper ratio of air-to-fuel for efficient combustion and cooling of the combustion chamber.
Pressure decreases through convergent ducts and increases through divergent ducts, a phenomenon which is
demonstrated in paint spray equipment. Compressed air, forced through a convergent duct, generates a lower pressure
through the narrow section to draw in paint. Expansion through a divergent section then increases pressure and air
volume, dispersing the paint in an atomized mist.
All turbine engines have a compressor to increase the pressure of the incoming air before it enters the combustor.
Compressor performance has a large influence on total engine performance. There are two main types of compressors:
axial and centrifugal.
In the illustration, the example on the left is called an axial compressor because the flow through the compressor travels
parallel to the axis of rotation. An apparent contradiction in the operation of the axial-flow compressor is that high pressure
is generated, although the overall divergent shape would appear to cause a lower output pressure. Output pressure is
increased by divergence in each static inter-stage section. Rotating compressor blades between each static stage
increases the velocity that is lost by injecting energy.
The compressor on the right is called a centrifugal compressor because the flow through this compressor is turned
perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Centrifugal compressors, which were used in the first jet engines, are still used on
small turbojets and turbo-shaft engines. Modern large turbojet, turbofan, and turbo-shaft engines usually use axial
compressors.
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Turbine Basics
Slide 13
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Turbine Basics
Slide 14
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COMPRESSOR STALL
A stall can happen within the compressor if the air moves from its general direction of motion (also known as the angle of
attack). At this point, the low pressure on the upper surface disappears on the stator blade. This phenomenon is known as a
stall. As pressure is lost on the upper surface, turbulence created on the backside of the stator blade forms a wall that will
lead into the stall. Stall can be provoked if the surface of the compressor blade is not completely even or smooth. A dent in
the blade, or a small piece of material on it, can be enough to start the turbulence on the backside of the blade, even if the
angle of attack is fairly small. Each stage of compression should develop the same pressure ratio as all other stages. When
a stall occurs, the front stages supply too much air for the rear stages to handle, and the rear stage will choke.
High Angle of Attack
If the angle of attack is too high, the compressor will stall. The airflow over the upper airfoil surface will become turbulent and
destroy the pressure zone. This will decrease the compression airflow. Any action that decreases airflow relative to engine
speed will increase the angle of attack and increases the tendency to stall.
Low Angle of Attack
If there is a decrease in the engine speed, the compression ratio will decrease with the lower rotor velocities. With a
decrease in compression, the volume of air in the rear of the compressor will be greater. This excess volume of air causes a
choking action in the rear of the compressor with a decrease in airflow. This in turn decreases the air velocity in the front of
the compressor and increases the tendency to stall.
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Turbine Basics
Slide 15
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Can Type Combustor
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Annular Type Combustor
Turbine Basics
Slide 16
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COMBUSTORS
All turbine engines have a combustor, in which the fuel is combined with high pressure air and burned. The resulting high
temperature exhaust gas is used to turn the turbine and produce thrust when passed through a nozzle.
The combustor is located between the compressor and the turbine. The combustor is arranged like an annulus, or a
doughnut, as shown by illustrations above. The central shaft that connects the turbine and compressor passes through the
center hole. Combustors are made from materials that can withstand the high temperatures of combustion. The liner is often
perforated to enhance mixing of the fuel and air.
There are three main types of combustors, and all three designs are found in gas turbines:
The combustor at the right is an annular combustor with the liner sitting inside the outer casing which has been peeled
open in the drawing. Many modern combustors have an annular design.
The combustor on the left is an older can or tubular design. Each can has both a liner and a casing, and the cans are
arranged around the central shaft.
A compromise design (not shown) is a can-annular design, in which the casing is annular and the liner is can-shaped. The
advantage to the can-annular design is that the individual cans are more easily designed, tested, and serviced.
Turbine blades exist in a much more hostile environment than compressor blades. Located just downstream of the
combustor, turbine blades experience flow temperatures of more than a thousand degrees Fahrenheit. Turbine blades must
be made of special materials that can withstand the heat, or they must be actively cooled. In active cooling, the nozzles and
blades are hollow and cooled by air which is bled off the compressor. The cooling air flows through the blade and out
through the small holes on the surface to keep the surface cool.
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Turbine Basics
Slide 17
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Turbine Basics
Slide 18
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FLAME-STABILIZING AND GENERAL-FLOW PATTERNS

The flame stabilizing and general-flow patterns are illustrated above for a typical can-type combustion chamber. Although
modern engines use one continuous annular combustion chamber, the can-type simplifies illustration of the cooling and
combustion techniques used in all combustion chambers.
The temperature of the flame illustrated in the center of the combustor is approximately 3200F at its tip when the engine is
operating at full load. Metals used in combustion chamber construction are not capable of withstanding temperatures in
this range; therefore, the design provides airflow passages between the inner and the outer walls of the chamber for
cooling and flame shaping.
Air flowing into the inner chamber is directed through small holes to shape the flame centering it within the chamber, to
prevent its contact with the chamber walls. Approximately 82% of the airflow into combustion chambers is used for cooling
and flame shaping; only 18% is used for fuel combustion. Regulation of fuel flow determines engine speed. Stator vane
control in the compressor controls pressure and velocity into the combustion chamber as a function of compressor speed.
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Turbine Basics
Slide 19
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Turbine Basics
Slide 20
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TURBINE
All gas turbine engines have a turbine located downstream of the combustor to extract energy from the hot flow and turn the
compressor. Work is done on the turbine by the hot exhaust flow from the combustor.
Since the turbine extracts energy from the flow, the pressure decreases across the turbine. The pressure gradient helps
keep the boundary layer flow attached to the surface of the turbine blades. Since the boundary layer is less likely to
separate on a turbine blade than on a compressor blade, the pressure drop across a single turbine stage can be much
greater than the pressure increase across a corresponding compressor stage. A single turbine stage can be used to drive
multiple compressor stages. Because of the high pressure change across the turbine, the flow tends to leak around the tips
of the blades. The tips of turbine blades are often connected by a thin metal band to keep the flow from leaking.
Turbine blades exist in a much more hostile environment than compressor blades. Sitting just downstream of the
combustor, the blades experience flow temperatures of more than a thousand degrees Fahrenheit. Turbine blades must be
made of special materials that can withstand the heat, or they must be actively cooled. In active cooling, the nozzles and
blades are hollow and cooled by air which is bled off the compressor. The cooling air flows through the blade and out
through the small holes on the surface to keep the surface cool.
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Turbine Basics
Slide 21
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Turbine Basics
Slide 22
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TURBINE (Continued)
The compressor drive turbine is an impulse reaction-type designed for maximum efficiency in converting hot-gas flow into
rotational mechanical energy. A first-stage fixed nozzle directs flow into the first-stage of rotating blades. The impulse of
expanding hot gas upon the lower surface of each rotating blade propels motion in the upward direction.
Hot gas flow above the following blade creates a lower pressure above the blade as above an aircraft wing, causing
additional rotational force. Subsequent stages operate identically, multiplying the rotational force. Compressor and loaddriving turbines consist of a varying number of stages, depending upon the load being driven and other design
considerations.
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Turbine Basics
Slide 23
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Single Shaft
Twin Shaft
Concentric Shaft
with Power Turbine
Concentric Shaft
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Turbine Basics
Slide 24
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TURBINE SHAFTS
The figure above shows the standard gas turbine shaft arrangements. Single shaft illustration is the traditional single shaft
assembly. It consists of the axial flow compressor; Turbine and Power Turbine are all mechanically linked. If we add to this
shaft the generator and gearbox, we have a shaft system with a high moment of inertia. This is the favored configuration for
electrical generation because this provides additional speed (Frequency) stability of the electrical current during large load
fluctuations. This configuration is typical of heavy-duty industrial frame turbines, such as the MS7001.
The twin shaft illustration shows the standard two shaft arrangement with the compressor and turbine only connected, and an
unconnected power turbine and output shaft that will rotate independently. This configuration is favored for variable speeddrive packages, such as pumps and compressors, because the gas generator or gas producer can run at its own optimum
speed for a given load. The LM2500 utilizes this configuration and has been applied to both electric power generation and a
variety of mechanical drive applications.
Aircraft jet engines have for many years been adapted for industrial use as shown in the diagrams above. The concentric
shaft illustration, above left, shows a more complicated aero-derivative industrial turbine arrangement. This, too, is still
essentially a two shaft configuration but the gas generator core (an original jet-engine) was designed with two spools, a Low
Pressure Shaft and a High Pressure Shaft. This engine configuration allows the load to be driven from either the exhaust end
or the compressor air intake end. This is the configuration used by the LM6000
The concentric shaft with power turbine illustration is essentially a two shaft arrangement with a gas generator originally
designed for propulsion. An independently rotating Power Turbine, manufactured especially to match the flow of the jet
engine, is added to the gas path as the power/torque producer. This configuration is found in the LM1600 and the LMS100.
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Turbine Basics
Slide 25
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Turbine Basics
Slide 26
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NOx CONTROL
Oxides of Nitrogen result from the thermal fixation of molecular nitrogen and oxygen in the combustion air. Its rate of
formation is extremely sensitive to local flame temperature and, to a lesser extent, to local oxygen concentrations. Virtually
all thermal NOx is formed in the region of the flame at the highest temperature. Maximum thermal NOx production occurs
at a slightly lean fuel-to-air ratio due to the excess availability of oxygen for reaction within the hot flame zone. Control of
local flame fuel-to-air ratio is critical in achieving reductions in thermal NOx.
Combustion Controls
Reduction of Nox emissions are accomplished by:
Injection of water or steam at the fuel nozzle in order to reduce combustion temperature
Specially designed Dry Low Emissions (DLE) combustors and fuel systems
The injection of water or steam into the flame area of a turbine combustor provides a heat sink, which lowers the flame
temperature and thereby reduces thermal NOx formation. Water or steam injection, also referred to as "wet controls," have
been applied effectively to both aeroderivative and heavy duty gas turbines, and to all configurations. Reduction
efficiencies of 70 to 85+ percent can be achieved with properly controlled water or steam injection, with NOx emissions
generally higher for oil-fired turbines than for natural gas-fired units. The most important factor affecting reduction efficiency
is the water-to-fuel ratio. In general, NOx reduction increases as the water-to-fuel ratio increases; however, increasing the
ratio increases carbon monoxide and, to a lesser extent, hydrocarbon emissions at water-to-fuel ratios less than one.
Further, energy efficiency of the turbine decreases with increasing water-to-fuel ratio.
Post-Combustion Controls
The major type of post-combustion control used in gas turbines is Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR). Applications use
SCR to supplement reductions from steam or water injection, or combustion modifications. Carefully designed SCR
systems can achieve NOx reduction efficiencies as high as 90 percent. The Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) process
reduces NOx emissions by using ammonia in the presence of a catalyst. Vaporized ammonia is injected into the flue gas
at the appropriate temperature. The ammonia functions, in the presence of the NOx removal catalyst, as a reducing agent
to decompose nitrous oxides NOx in the flue gas into nitrogen gas and water vapor.
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Turbine Basics
Slide 27
Tab 3
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Engine Overview
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LM2500+ Engine Construction
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Genealogy
Derived from Proven Technology

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Gas Turbine Modules
Mature rating is approximately 42,000 SHP

G4 (4th Generation) is approximately 46,000 SHP
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Comparison
=13.8 longer
Maximizes Design Commonality with

Technology Advancements
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All references to location or position on the

LM2500+ are based on the assumption that
the individual is standing behind the engine
and looking forward. This is true in all
cases unless stated otherwise.
All GE engines rotate CW aft looking
forward, (ALF)
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Following terminology.
T2 (Compressor Inlet
Temperature or CIT)
P2 (Compressor Inlet
Total Pressure or CDP)
Ps3 (Compressor
Discharge Static
Pressure of CDP)
T3 Compressor Discharge
Temperature
T4.8 (Power Turbine Inlet
Temperature)
P4.8 (Power Turbine Inlet
Pressure)
PTB (Pressure Thrust
Balance)
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4.8
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Gas Turbine Assembly

The LM2500+ gas turbine is a
simple cycle, two-shaft, internal
combustion engine consisting of the
following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Inlet Components
Gas Generator.
Power Turbine
Exhaust Components
High Speed Coupling
Shaft
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MAIN GAS PATH

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Frames
The LM2500+ has 4 frames:
1. Compressor Front
Frame (CFF)
2. Compressor Rear
Frame (CRF)
3. Turbine Mid Frame
(TMF)
4. Turbine Rear Frame
(TRF)
Frames are rigid, nonmoving, engine structural
elements. The primary
purpose of a frame is to
provide support.
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Energy Learning Center
TMF
TMF
9/25/2006
GE Proprietary Information
gGE Energy
Compressor Front Frame

(CFF)
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BEARINGS AND SUMPS

Bearings are classified into two broad categories; friction and anti-friction. The gas turbine utilizes
anti-friction type bearings, whereas the generator has friction type bearings.
Seven anti-friction roller and ball type bearings support the rotating components and the
aerodynamic loads on the LM2500+. The bearings are held together with a cage and race assembly
and, by design, the bearings do not generate significant heat from friction. They do, however, absorb
heat transmitted from the engines hot-gas path and because of this, lube oil is supplied to the
bearings for cooling purposes. The roller bearings support radial loads and axial thrust loads are
supported by ball bearings. These bearings are located in the sumps A, B, C, D areas.
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ROLLER BEARING
BALL BEARING
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Gas Generator
Power turbine
33R
BEARING AND SUMP LOCATIONS

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Synthetic lube oil is supplied to the bearings and scavenged out of the sumps by a seven (7)
element pump assembly which is mounted on the accessory gearbox. A single supply element
provides lubricating oil to all the bearings and gearboxes. The remaining six elements are
utilized to scavenge oil away from the bearing sumps, gearboxes, and the air/oil separator. The
sump-A scavenge oil drains to the transfer gearbox (TGB) through the 6:00 oclock compressor
front frame (CFF) strut that houses the radial driveshaft, and then oil is scavenged through the
transfer gearbox. The No. 4R/4B and No. 5R/6R bearing zones of sump-B and sump-C are
individually scavenged, as is the No. 7R bearing zone of sump-D.
All sumps emit oil mist-carrying air that is vented to an air-oil separator which is mounted on
the front side of the AGB. The oil is then scavenged from the separator and the air is vented to
the exhaust diffuser.
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Dry Sump Construction (Simplified)
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Inlet Duct
The inlet duct is constructed of
aluminum (AMS4026) and
shaped like a bellmouth. The
inlet duct is painted white, and
must be maintained in the
painted condition.
Centerbody
The centerbody is a flow divider
bolted to the front of the gas
generator. The centerbody is
sometimes known as the
bulletnose, and is made of a
graphite reinforced fiberglass
composite.
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unpainted
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Inlet Duct
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Rubber Gasket
P=P0 vs. P1
1H20=Alarm
2H20=S/D
Keep Clean Room Clean!
Inlet has minimum of 200 lbs/sec airflow
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FOD Screen
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Stage 0 Blisk
Blade disk combination comes as
one unit.
The blades are not removable.
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Variable Vanes
The Inlet Guide Vanes (IGVs)
and next 7 stages of vanes
are called Variable Stator
Vanes, or VSVs. These vanes
are all mechanically ganged
together, and will change their
angular pitch in response to a
change in compressor inlet
temperature or a change in
gas generator speed. The
purpose of this is to provide
stall-free operation of the
compressor through-out a
wide range of speed and inlet
temperatures.
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Due to their long length the

IGVs and stages 0, 1and 2
are shrouded. The shrouds
are aluminum extrusions split
into a matched set of forward
and aft halves.
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Variable Stator Vanes (VSVs)

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VSV Actuator
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Fire eyes UV Flame Detectors (2 ea)
With air cooled sapphire lenses
Compressor Rear Frame
SAC
Same as base except 2nd T3 port has been added
Made of
Inconel 718
B
(6 ea)
CDP discharge
SAC CRF
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DLE CRF
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DLE vs. Standard Combustor

With dry low emissions combustor
2 PX36 combustor dynamic pressure 0-10 psi
2 flame detectors 0-1(on or off)
3 zones A= Outer ring

B= Pilot ring
C= Inner ring
75 premixed areas
With standard combustor

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STAGE 2 NOZZLE
STAGE 1 NOZZLE
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High Pressure Turbine Blade Cooling
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High Pressure Turbine Rotor

Cooling
Cooling air enters HPT rotor
forward shaft, provides a
cooling flow to the rotor cavity
and disks, then is discharged
through the rotor blades.
Stage 1 blades are cooled by a
combination of internal
convection, leading edge
internal impingement, and
external film cooling.
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Stage 2 cooling is
accomplished entirely by
convection.
Cooling channels within the
blades are serpentine to
ensure a uniform temperature
distribution across blade
surface.
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Stage 1 High Pressure

Nozzle Cooling
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HPTN1 Cooling
Impingement, convection and
film cooling circuits within
each individual HPTN1 vane
are supplied with high
pressure cooling air directly
from the compressor
discharge chamber.
To distribute the cooling flows,
inserts are installed into
forward and aft cooling
chambers machined into the
vanes.
High pressure air from the
compressor discharge
chamber enters the forward
insert through the underside of
the HPTN1 forward inner seal.
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Holes in the insert impinge the

high pressure air directly
against the inner walls of the
forward chamber, displacing
hot air, and providing a
continuous supply of cool air
to absorb heat directly from
the metal structure of the
vane.
Hot air displaced by the
impingement flow is carried
out of the vanes through nose
holes by convection.
Gill holes in side of the vane
maintains a thin layer of film
cooling air between the metal
structure of the vane and the hot
combustor discharge gases.
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Stage 2 High Pressure

Nozzle Cooling
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Stage 2 Nozzles (HPTN2)

The stage 2 nozzle is also made of a pair of vanes. The
nozzle vane is cooled by convection from 13th stage
bleed air that enters through the cooling air tubes and
cools the center area and leading edge. Some of the air
is discharged through holes in the trailing edge, while
the remainder is used for cooling the inter-stage seals
and the HPTR blade shanks.
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Turbine Mid Frame

The turbine mid frame (TMF)
supports the aft end of the
HPTR, and the forward end of
the power turbine rotor.
The TMF is bolted between the
CRF and the power turbine
stator case and provides a
smooth diffuser flow passage
for the HPT exhaust gas into
the power turbine.
The 1st stage power turbine
nozzles are attached to the rear
of the TMF.
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13th Stage thrust
balance for PT
13th Stage Cooling HPTN2
Turbine Mid Frame (TMF)
9th Stage cooling TMF struts
HP Recoup
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Power Turbine
The power turbine is composed
of:
1. Low Pressure Turbine
Rotor
2. Low Pressure Turbine
Stator
3. Turbine Rear Frame (TRF)
The power turbine is
aerodynamically coupled to the
gas generator and is driven by
the gas generator exhaust gas.
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PT thrust balance from 13th

stage
6 Stage
Power Turbine
Exhaust Diffuser
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Exhaust Components
The exhaust duct consists of an
inner and outer duct forming the
diffusing passage from the
turbine rear frame. The inner
diffuser duct can be moved aft
to gain access to the high
speed coupling shaft. The
exhaust duct is mounted
separately from the gas turbine,
and piston-ring type expansion
joints are used to accommodate
the thermal growth.
Note: The exhaust duct is
supplied by the packager.
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Six Stage Power Turbine

6 Pack
7B
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7R
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Goes up in case of
failure, so IGB can
be removed
Accessory Gearbox
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BLEED AIR SYSTEM

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COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE AIR

CDP air is used for combustion (18%) and to cool the combustor. It is
also used to cool the 1st stage turbine nozzles and Stage 1 & 2 turbine
blades. In DLE applications, CDP air is bled for control of flame
temperature.
STAGE 9 BLEED AIR
Stage 9 bleed air is extracted though holes bored in the stator casing aft
of the stage 9 vane dovetails. This air is used for sump pressurization and
cooling the TMF struts. Some 9th stage air is also used to pressurize the
clutch seal and actuate the exhaust drain valve.
STAGE 13 BLEED AIR
Stage 13 air is bled from the compressor through holes in the casing into
a manifold and is used to cool the 2nd stage turbine nozzles and for thrust
balance of the power turbine rotor.
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Venturi to mix package

air with 9th stage air for
Sump Pressurization
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High Pressure Recoup
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HIGH PRESSURE RECOUP SYSTEM

The CRF B-sump pressurization system is isolated from the HPC by the
CDP and vent labyrinth seals. These seals serve to form HP recoup
chamber. The HP recoup airflow results from compressor discharge air
leaking across the CDP seal.
During engine operation, the compressor exerts a forward thrust
load on the #4B bearing.
High Pressure air in the thrust balance chamber exerts an aft
directed force on the HPT rotor to counteract the forward
directed thrust load.
HP Recoup air is routed to the forward side of the CRF through
series of tubes, combined with high pressure seal leakage air on
the aft end of the compressor rotor, and ported out of CRF
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Bottom View
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HP Recoup Orifice Plate
HP Recoup Pressure
Sensing line
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LM2500+ G4 Operating
Parameters
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Pt2/T2
Duplex RTDs
T2 operates from 65 to 130 deg F

Pt2 operates from 0 to 16 psia
INLET SENSORS
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T2/P2 Sensor
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Dual element platinum RTDs

Read from 40 to 400 deg F
-40 to 204 deg C
Lube Oil System

Temperature Sensor
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Lube Oil System RTD
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2 each Reluctance type

Reads 100-12,000 rpm
Magnet creates frequency

off ferrous gear
Make sure the two sensors are set

at the same distance to avoid a
signal mismatch alarm.
Gas Generator Speed sensor

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NGG A & B
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Operates from 40 to 2000 deg F

-40 to 1093 deg C
Piezoelectric
1 on GG @ CRF 0-4 ips velocity
1 on PT @TRF (6 pk) 0-2 ips velocity
@ Bearing support on 2 stage
Dual element thermocouple

Alumel/Chromel
Bypassed with GG
Speed less than 5500 rpm
T3 Sensor
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Accelerometer
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T3 Sensor
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ACCELEROMETER
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Ps3
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Dual ignition kit # 682L510G02

Consists of ignition unit, lead, and Igniter
Ignition System
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IGNITORS
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ULTRAVIOLET FLAME SENSOR

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ULTRAVIOLET COMBUSTOR
FLAME SENSOR
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Reads between
-40 to2000 deg F
B
G
T4.8 Thermocouple Harness

(ALF)
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T4.8 Thermocouple
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T48 Sensors
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Reads 0- 125 psia
Gas Generator Discharge

Pressure P4.8 Sensor
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P48 Sensor
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Reads 0-10,000 rpm
Power Turbine Speed Pickup

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NPT
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PTB
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Tab 4
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LM2500+ TURBINE LUBE OIL SYSTEM
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LM2500+ Turbine Lube Oil System with 6-stage PT
Slide 1
g GE Energy

SYNTHETIC LUBE OIL SYSTEM
General
The LM2500+ turbine is lubricated by an internal pump and lubrication system described in
GE publication GEK-105054. GE AE provides an external lube oil system to filter, cool, and
de-aerate the lube oil discharged from the internal system. The external system is fed by a
scavenge pump, which is driven by the turbine accessory gearbox whenever the turbine gas
generator is rotating.
Purpose
The synthetic lube oil (SLO) system functions to prevent damage to the high-pressure (HP)
and low-pressure (LP) rotor bearings and sumps as well as the inlet transfer gearbox (TGB)
and accessory gearbox (AGB). The SLO system also provides oil for operating the actuators
for the variable stator vanes (VSVs) and lubrication to protect the over-running clutch for the
hydraulic starter motor.
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Slide 2
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Lube System for LM2500+ w/6 Stage PT

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Slide 3
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Synthetic Lube Oil Reservoir
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Slide 4
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Lube Oil and Scavenge Pump Assembly

The turbine lube oil and scavenge pump assembly is mounted on the aft side of the Accessory
Gearbox and is a seven element, positive displacement, vane type pump. One element is
used for the lube oil supply and six elements are used for the lube scavenging. Within the
pump are inlet screens, one for each element, and a lube supply pressure-limiting valve. Each
scavenge return line is equipped with electrical / magnetic remote-reading chip detectors.
Each chip detector indicates chip collection when resistance across the detector drops.
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Slide 5
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Magnetic Chip
Detectors
Sump Scavenge
Screen
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Scavenge Line
RTDs
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Slide 7
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Air/Oil Separator
To prevent excessive oil losses from venting oil vapor overboard, all sumps and gearboxes are vented to
the Air/Oil Separator, located on the turbine lube oil tank. The sump vent air is discharged after passing
through the separator.
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Slide 8
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Fin Fan Cooler

The Fin Fan cooler is located off base and is equipped with two fans and two tube bundles to cool
oil for both the synthetic and mineral lube oil systems. Synthetic lube oil may bypass the cooler
module if thermostatic control valve TCV-1001 determines the temperature to be 60 C (140 qF).
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Slide 9
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Scavenge Filter
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Supply filter
Slide 10
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IGB
AGB
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Slide 11
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Over-running Clutch
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Slide 12
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Typical Sump
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Slide 13
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Slide 14
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Instruments and Controls

Lube oil pressures and temperatures at critical points are transmitted and displayed on the desktop HMI.
Gauges and pressure transmitters in the system have been installed with a needle valve in the
instrument sensing line to permit replacement and calibration without disturbing the lube oil flow. The
system piping has been provided with manually operated ball valves to isolate components for repairs
and maintenance.
System Operation
Refer to Flow & Instrument Diagram (F&ID) XXXXX-751244, Turbine Lube Oil System. System
operation for the GTG set is as follows:
The internal turbine lube oil pump draws lube oil from the 150-gallon reservoir through the check valve
and inlet port L1. Oil passes from discharge port L2
2 to the lube oil supply filter assembly in the
external system.
Differential pressure on the supply line filter is monitored by transmitter PDT-1006, which sends a 4-20
mA signal the electronic-turbine control system. Pressure differential indicator PDI-1006 displays the
filter differential pressure at the operator screen as well as locally at the turbine gauge panel. When
differential pressure across the filter reaches 20 psid (138 kPaD) increasing, the control system activates
high alarm PDAH-1006. Manual shut-off valves upstream and downstream of the filter allow for
maintenance.
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Slide 15
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System Operation (cont.)

Oil from the filter passes through the oil header port L4
4 into the internal lube oil system of the turbine
for distribution to the accessory gearbox and the turbine shaft bearings. Internal sensor TE-1028
(drawing sheet 2) activates an alarm if the temperature of the incoming oil reaches 200 F (93 C)
increasing. Other internal sensors, TE-1023, TE-1024, TE-1025, TE-1026, and TE-1027, monitor the
lube oil temperature in the turbine-bearing sumps. These sensors activate an alarm if the lube oil
temperature in any sump reaches 300 F (149 C) increasing, and initiate a SML shutdown if the oil
temperature reaches 340 F (171 C) increasing. Electromagnetic chip detectors, MCD-1060 through
MCD-1064 monitor lube oil for metal chips, and initiate an alarm if accumulated chips lower the
detectors resistance to 100 ohms decreasing.
Gauges and electrical devices monitor oil pressure at the header port L5 (drawing sheet 1). Transmitter
PT-1021 provides the internal lube oil pressure reading to the electronic-turbine control system. Header
pressure is displayed remotely by pressure indicator PI-1021.
PT-1021 activates an alarm for the following conditions:
if pressure < 8 psig and if 4500 < ngg < 8000
if pressure < 25 psig and ngg 8000 rpm
PT-1021 activates an FSLO shutdown for the following conditions:
if pressure < 6 psig and if 4500 < ngg < 8000
if pressure < 15 psig and ngg 8000 rpm
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Slide 16
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Oil drawn from the bearing sumps by the scavenge stage of the turbine pump passes through scavenge
oil discharge port L3 to the scavenge filter. System pressure is monitored remotely by PI-1022 upstream
of the scavenge filter. Transmitter PT-1022 forwards pressure signals to the electronic-control system
which activates alarm PAH-1022 if the scavenge oil pressure rises to 110 psig (758 kPaG) increasing.
Pressure differential transmitter PDT-1007 monitors differential pressure across the scavenge filter and
forwards signals to the electronic-control system. The control system activates alarm PDAH-1007 when
the pressure differential reaches 20 psid (138kPaD) increasing.
.
Relief valve PSV-1003, located near the scavenge oil filter inlet, prevents the scavenge system pressure
from exceeding 140 psig (965 kPaG) by returning excess oil to the reservoir. Otherwise, oil from port L3
is routed through the scavenge lube oil filter assembly, on its way to the fin fan heat exchanger
Cooled oil from the heat exchanger is returned to the lube oil reservoir for recirculation. The portion of oil
actually routed through the selected cooler is determined by 3-way, thermostatic control valve TCV1001. This valve apportions oil flow through the cooler, as required, to maintain the outlet temperature at
< 140 F (60 C). When lube oil temperature is low, such as at the start of turbine operation, the
thermostatic valve bypasses the oil flow around the heat exchanger to the reservoir. As the lube oil
temperature increases during turbine operation, the valve progressively directs more oil through the heat
exchanger until, at 140 F (60 C), nearly all the oil flows through the heat exchanger. The filtered and
cooled scavenged oil returns to the lube oil reservoir, where air and other gases are vented to the
atmosphere through the reservoir demister/flame arrestor.
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Slide 17
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Reservoir oil temperature is maintained at 90 F (8 F) by an integral thermostatic switch TC-1004 and
immersion heater HE-1004. A level gauge LG-1000 permits direct (local) observation of the reservoir oil
level, while level transmitter LT-1002 forwards signals to the control system for remote monitoring. The
control system activates low alarm LAL-1002 when the oil level drops to 9 1/2" (241) or below (as
measured from the bottom of reservoir). The control system also activates high alarm LAH-1002 when
the oil level rises 18" (457) or above. Temperature element TE-1013 monitors the temperature of the
lube oil in the reservoir and forwards signals to the control system. The control system activates alarm
TAL-1013 if the oil temperature falls to 70 F (21 C) or below.
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Slide 18
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Slide 19
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Slide 20
Tab 5
GE Energy
VARIABLE GEOMETRY SYSTEM
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Slide 1
GE Energy
VARIABLE GEOMETRY OVERVIEW

The LM2500+ variable geometry (VG) system is designed to allow precise control of air flow through the
turbine under all operating conditions, in order to achieve a high degree of efficiency, stall-free safety and
operational flexibility.
Variable stator vanes (VSV) help control air flow during various turbine speeds. While stator vanes are
designed for peak aerodynamic efficiency at full speed, they must also be able to function efficiently at part
load and reduced speed. At lower speeds the final stages of the compressor cant ingest the volume of air
compressed by the earlier stages, and the variable stators can be positioned to limit the amount of air
handled by the first stages of the compressor. As speed increases, the variable stator vanes gradually
open until they are fully open at full turbine speed.
The high pressure compressor (HPC) is comprised of 17 stages (numbered 0 through 16).
The inlet guide vanes and the next seven stages (Stages 0 6) comprise the components referred to as
the variable stator vanes. These vanes are mechanically ganged together and their pitch can be changed
as needed during turbine operation. Pitch of the blades is changed in response to changes in compressor
inlet temperature (T2) or gas generator speed (NGG).
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Slide 2
GE Energy
SEVENTEEN STAGES
0 - 16
VARIABLE
STAGES
0-6
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Slide 3
GE Energy
The VSV system is an integral part of the high

pressure compressor stator (HPCS) consisting of
IGVs, two VSV actuators and torque shaft, actuation
rings, and nonadjustable linkages for each VSV
stage.
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Slide 4
GE Energy
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Slide 5
GE Energy
F-025-10-10-202-00
Slide 6
GE Energy
IGVs
Stages 0 - 6
Non-adjustable
Linkages
Torque Shaft
Actuator
Actuation Rings
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ACTUATORS
The variable vanes are connected to two actuators (3:00 & 9:00) via a pair of torque shafts. When operated by the
individual actuators, the torque shafts operate the variable guide vanes through actuation rings and linkages.
The integral linear variable differential transformers (LVDTs) are the feedback type in which the movement of the actuators
is used to provide a feedback signal to the VSV control.
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PUMP
Oil from the turbine oil system is
delivered to the VG pump located on the
accessory gearbox. The VG hydraulic
pump is a fixed-displacement design
which supplies pressurized lube oil to the
servo-valve assembly for delivery to the
actuators.
The hydraulic pump/servo-valve houses
a motor-positioned hydraulic servo for
porting fluid at regulated pressures. All
return flow is bypassed back to the high
pressure side of the gas turbine lube oil
pump, and the VSV servo-valve will
close the VSVs in the event of a failure of
the hydraulic pump.
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Variable Geometry Pump

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Slide 10
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VSV CONTROL
The VG control system consists of the VG hydraulic pump and an electrohydraulic VSV servovalve assembly. The
hydraulic pump/VSV servovalve houses a torque motor-positioned hydraulic servo for porting fluid at regulated pressures,
and two VSV actuators with integral linear-variable differential transformers (LVDTs) to provide feedback position signals
to the off engine control unit.
The VG pump provides hydraulic flow to the head- and rod-ends of the VSV actuators. The actuators are positioned in
response to compressor inlet temperature (T2) and gas generator speed (NGG). For any one temperature and any one
speed, the VSVs take one position and remain in that position until the NGG or T2 changes.
Positioning of the inlet guide vanes (IGV) and VSVs is scheduled by packager-supplied control system electrical input to
the servovalve, mounted on the VG hydraulic pump. Position feed back to the control is provided by LVDTs from the VSV
actuators.
VG
PUMP/SERVO
MOTOR
CONTROL
(NGG & T2)
PISTON/LVDT
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F-025-10-10-202-00
Slide 12
GE Energy
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Slide 13
Tab 6
GE Energy
LM2500+ HYDRAULIC START SYSTEM
F-025-10-20-050-00
LM2500+ Hydraulic Start System
Slide 1
GE Energy
HYDRAULIC START SYSTEM

The hydraulic start system turns the engine and is capable of starting it, fuel purging, water washing, cool down, and
conducting maintenance. The hydraulic start unit is located on the auxiliary skid and consists of a reservoir, filters, heat
exchanger, charge pump and motor, junction box, and a hydraulic starter motor mounted on the starter drive pad of the
turbine auxiliary gearbox.
This hydraulic starter motor turns the engine. Two operating speeds are provided: a low speed for water washing and
maintenance, and a high speed for turbine starting and fuel purging. Engine speed can be controlled automatically from the
DCS. Transmitters located on the auxiliary skid allow for monitoring of the hydraulic charge pump and main system
pressures, temperatures, and fluid levels on the DCS monitor. Local gauges PI-6009 and PI-6012 are also provided on the
auxiliary skid for troubleshooting purposes.
Additional details on the hydraulic start system can be found in engineering drawings. This section provides an overview of
the hydraulic start system.
F-025-10-20-050-00
Slide 2
GE Energy
Hydraulic Start System Operation (Refer to F&ID xxxxxxx-751232 Hydraulic Start System)
Hydraulic fluid is drawn from the reservoir by the charge pump. The charge pump replenishes the main, closed-loop start
system with hydraulic fluid at 350 psi (2413 kPaG). The main pump increases the hydraulic fluid pressure to 5200 psig
(35853 kPaG) and delivers the pressurized fluid to the hydraulic starter motor at approximately 56 gpm (212 L/min).
Discharge from the hydraulic starter motor is routed back to the hydraulic reservoir through filter and cooler assemblies.
Filters remove particles 10 . The cooler removes heat generated during starter motor operation.
Power from the MCC lighting-and-distribution panel is applied to the power supply for the hydraulic start unit.
The hydraulic start system is automatically controlled. The solenoid operated valve SOV-6019 for the pump-control piston
and the MCC unit starter are controlled by electronic systems at the TCP.
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F-025-10-20-050-00
Slide 4
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Reservoir
Hydraulic fluid is stored in a 40-gal (182 L) stainless steel tank equipped with sight level gauge LG-6020, temperature
element TE-6003, fluid-level transmitter LT-6001, thermostatically controlled immersion heaters HE-6010 and TC-60101 and
a 200-mesh, hydraulic pump suction strainer with an integrated bypass valve.
During turbine engine operation, hydraulic fluid is drawn from the reservoir through the strainer and the supply shutoff valve,
and flows into the charge pump. Should the hydraulic pump strainer become obstructed with differential pressures 3 psid,
(20.7 kPaD) hydraulic fluid will bypass the filter element to prevent damage to the filter assembly.
The supply line is monitored by pressure indicator PI-6000 located between the supply shutoff valve and the charge pump.
NOTICE
CHANGE FILTER ELEMENTS ON A REGULAR BASIS. REPLACE THEM AT LEAST

ONCE A YEAR, REGARDLESS OF INDICATOR READINGS, AND SOONER IF
CONDITIONS WARRANT.
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Hydraulic Starter Reservoir

F-025-10-20-050-00
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Hydraulic Oil Charge/Main Pump Assembly

Hydraulic Oil Charge Pump
The charge pump is one of two pumps in the hydraulic pump assembly. The charge pump takes suction from the
hydraulic oil reservoir and discharges the hydraulic oil at 350 psig (2413 kPag) at a flow rate of 12 gpm (45 lpm) to the
charge pump filter. The charge pump also replenishes lost fluids in the hydraulic pump case and in the main pump,
closed-loop hydraulic system. Excess hydraulic pump case supply oil is routed to the hydraulic reservoir through an inline relief valve, set to open at 25 psid (172 kPaD).
From the charge pump, hydraulic fluid flows through the charge pump filter assembly and into the main pump, where the
hydraulic fluid is pressurized for the starter motor loop.
Charge Pump Filter
The charge pump filter is a spin on type single stage filter. The filter has no visual indicator to show filter condition. The
filter housing has a bypass valve that will open, bypassing oil around the filter if differential pressure across the filter
reaches 50 psid (344.6 kPaD).
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Hydraulic Oil Charge/Main Pump assembly w/charge pump filter
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Slide 8
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Main Hydraulic Oil Pump
The main hydraulic starter pump, located on the auxiliary module, is driven by a three-phase, constantspeed, 200 horsepower, AC electric motor. The hydraulic starter pump has a variable swash plate, whose
angle is controlled by software logic signals from the turbine control panel (TCP). The signals are applied to
a solenoid operated valve (SOV) on the hydraulic starter pump assembly. The hydraulic starter pump
supplies hydraulic fluid under high pressure to the turbine starter motor. As the hydraulic starter pumps
swash plate angle is increased or decreased, more or less hydraulic fluid under pressure is applied to the
pistons in the turbine starter motor, thereby increasing or decreasing the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the
starter and the turbine engine.
Fluid pressure from the hydraulic starter pump is applied to pistons in the turbine starter motor causing the
motor to rotate.
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Slide 9
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Slide 10
GE Energy
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Slide 11
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Slide 12
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LOW PRESSURE RETURN and COOLER

LP RETURN FILTER
Hydraulic oil returning from the starter to the suction side of the auxiliary skid pump is routed through a low-pressure return
filter. The filter is a 10 micron, spin-on type double element filter with a 25 psi bypass circuit and differential pressure
indicator. After leaving the LP return filter, hydraulic oil flows back to the suction side of the auxiliary skid hydraulic pump.
CASE DRAIN FILTER
Hydraulic oil returning from the starters case drain is routed through a case-drain return filter. The filter is a 10 micron, single
element filter with a 25 psi bypass circuit and differential pressure indicator. After leaving the case drain filter, hydraulic oil
flows through a heat exchanger and then returns to the auxiliary skid hydraulic oil tank.
HEAT EXCHANGER
The heat exchanger is an air/fan cooled unit that enables extended cranking capability for cool-down cycles without
exceeding temperature limits. An electric motor-driven fan cools hydraulic oil returning from the starter and the discharge
from the heat exchanger is routed directly to the hydraulic reservoir. The 3 HP motor is dual rated at 380/460 VAC.
The temperature of the hydraulic fluid is monitored by high-temperature element TE-6002. If the temperature is 180 F (82
C), the control system will activate an alarm.
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Slide 13
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LP Return Filter
F-025-10-20-050-00
Case Drain Filter

Slide 14
GE Energy
Differential Press Indicator
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Slide 15
GE Energy
Hydraulic Oil Cooler

F-025-10-20-050-00
Slide 16
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Hydraulic Starter Motor

The hydraulic starter motor, located on the auxiliary gearbox, is driven by
hydraulic fluid under high pressure from the main hydraulic oil pump. The
hydraulic starter motor has a manually variable angle swash plate with movable
pistons. The high-pressure fluid forces the pistons to move within the cylinder,
causing the motor to rotate.
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Slide 17
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Hydraulic Starter Motor

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Slide 18
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Hydraulic Pump
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Hydraulic Starter
Slide 19
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Hydraulic Starter Clutch

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Slide 20
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Centrifugal Starting Clutch

In the starting motor output shaft a centrifugal clutch allows engagement of the starting motor to the gas
turbine generator at the beginning of the start-up sequence, and disengagement as soon as the HP runs
faster than the starting motor. At 4500 rpms XN 2.5 speed the control system will signal a shutdown of
the hydraulic start motor. For proper clutch operation, the oil flow to the clutch should be continuously
controlled to a minimum of .5 qt/minute (.47 L/min) and to a maximum of 1.25 qt/minute (1.18 L/min). An
orifice plate controls this oil flow. This clutch is also referred to as an overriding or overrunning clutch.
At standstill of the gas turbine generator and the starting motor, the pawls of the centrifugal clutch engage
in the gear on the starting motor output shaft. Weak plate springs push the pawls in the gear teeth. As
soon as the starting motor begins to run, it will drive the HP shaft. The pawls tend to move outwards due
to centrifugal force, but as long as the starting motor supplies torque to the HP rotor, the claws will stay
engaged by friction.
At approximately 4500 rpm the control system will shut down the starting motor. This will cause the
torque to reverse and, immediately, the claws will disengage.
When during the shutdown sequence the gas generator runs down to standstill, the centrifugal force on
the pawls will gradually diminish, allowing the weak springs to bring the claws to the starting motor gear.
As soon as the HP shaft speed is below 1000 rpm, the gas turbine may be started again. The spring
force in the clutch then overrides the centrifugal force of the claws, allowing full engagement of the claws.
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Tab 7
gGE Energy
LM2500+ DUAL FUEL SYSTEM
F-025-10-20-306-00
TM2500+ Dual Fuel System
Slide 1
gGE Energy
LIQUID FUEL SYSTEM

The liquid fuel is delivered to the auxiliary trailer at the following conditions:
40 gpm (151 LPM)
30 psig (207 kPag)
Filtered to 5 micron
On the auxiliary trailer, the liquid fuel passes through the following:
A 100-mesh strainer
A positive displacement gear type pump
A set of duplex filters
The liquid fuel is delivered to the main trailer at the following conditions:
45 gpm (170 LPM)
140F (60C) Max.
1100 psig (7584kPaG)

F-025-10-20-306-00
Slide 2
gGE Energy
LIQUID FUEL SYSTEM

On the main trailer, the liquid fuel then passes through:
An orifice plate
A flow divider
The secondary liquid fuel manifold, a low-flow circuit
The secondary port of the fuel nozzles
As load on the engine increases, additional liquid fuel flows through

The upstream solenoid shut off valve
The liquid fuel control valve, which is controlled by the TCP.
The downstream shutoff valve
The liquid fuel then flows to:

The primary liquid fuel manifold, a high-flow circuit
The primary port of the fuel nozzles
The secondary liquid fuel manifold, a low-flow circuit
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Slide 3
gGE Energy
Liquid Fuel Boost

Pump
F-025-10-20-306-00
Slide 4
gGE Energy
Duplex Liquid
Fuel Filters
Liquid Fuel Boost

Pump
F-025-10-20-306-00
Slide 5
gGE Energy
Liquid Fuel Flow Control Valve
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Slide 6
gGE Energy
Liquid Fuel
Manifolds
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Slide 7
gGE Energy
Secondary
Fuel/Water
Injection Manifold
Primary Fuel
Manifold
F-025-10-20-306-00
Slide 8
gGE Energy
Liquid Fuel/Water
Gas Fuel
Combustion Air
Mounting Flange
Gas Fuel
Liquid Fuel
Water
Injection
Dual Fuel Nozzle
F-025-10-20-306-00
Fuel Nozzle Tip
Slide 9
gGE Energy
F-025-10-20-306-00
Slide 10
gGE Energy
FUEL GAS SYSTEM

The fuel gas is delivered to the auxiliary trailer at the following conditions:
250 MMBtu/hr Max.
180F (121C) Max.
505 20 Psig (3482 138 kPag)
On the auxiliary trailer, the gas fuel passes through the following:
A manual shut off valve
A set of duplex filters
A flow meter
The gas fuel is then delivered to the main trailer where it passes through the following:
The upstream fuel gas shut off valve
The fuel gas control valve
The downstream fuel gas shut off valve
The fuel gas manifold
The 30 fuel nozzles
F-025-10-20-306-00
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gGE Energy
Duplex Gas
Fuel Filter
Gas Fuel Flow

Meter
Manual Shut
Off Valve
F-025-10-20-306-00
Slide 12
gGE Energy
Gas Fuel
Shut Off
Valves
Gas Fuel
Flow
Control
Valve
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Slide 13
gGE Energy
Gas Fuel Manifold
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Slide 14
gGE Energy
Gas Fuel Inlet
Duel Fuel Nozzle
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Slide 15
gGE Energy
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Slide 16
gGE Energy
WATER INJECTION SYSTEM

To control the amount of oxides of nitrogen (NOX) emitted by the gas turbine engine during normal
operation, demineralized water is injected into the combustor section of the gas turbine through the fuel
nozzles.
The demin water is delivered to the auxiliary trailer at the following conditions:
28 gpm (106 LPM)
15 psig (103 kPag)
On the auxiliary trailer, the demin water passes through the following:
A 10 micron basket strainer
A positive displacement gear type pump
A 10 micron y-strainer
The demin water is delivered to the main trailer at the following conditions:
33 gpm (125 LPM)
140F (60C) Max.
800 psig (7584kPaG)

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Slide 17
gGE Energy
WATER INJECTION SYSTEM

On the main trailer, the demin water then passes through:
A flow control valve
Two shut off valves
A flow transmitter
The secondary liquid fuel manifold
F-025-10-20-306-00
Slide 18
gGE Energy
Water Injection
Pump
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Slide 19
gGE Energy
Water Injection
Pump
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Slide 20
gGE Energy
Water Injection Flow Control Valve
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Slide 21
gGE Energy
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Slide 22
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Gas Purge
When running on natural gas, fuel gas is used to purge the primary and secondary liquid fuel manifolds and nozzles. Gas is
bled from the fuel system downstream of shut-off valve FSV-2004 through a 3/4 line where it passes through a check valve
and enters the feed lines to either the primary or secondary liquid fuel manifold. SOV-2013 can stop purge gas from
entering the secondary manifold if water injection is to be used for NOX abatement.
***NOTE*** - During operation, fuel supply can be transferred from gas to LQ or LQ to

gas at full load if the permissives are met. The process takes approx. 20 seconds for
full transfer.
Exhaust Collector Drain
Significant amounts of flammable liquids and water wash solution may accumulate in the turbine exhaust collector. The
exhaust collector drain system eliminates these accumulations to ensure safe starts. During operation, air pressure to close
FCV-2005 comes from the 9th-stage bleed-air manifold and, as turbine speed increases, positive pressure developed in the
exhaust collector forces the condensate accumulations out through FCV-2005, a check valve, and the fuel drain valve to
customer connection [7]. As the turbine speed continues to increase, 9th-stage bleed air increases. When the pressure rises
to 50 psig, FCV-2005 closes. The collector drain remains closed during normal operation.
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Slide 23
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Exhaust Drain Valve

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Slide 24
gGE Energy
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Slide 25
gGE Energy
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Slide 26
gGE Energy
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Slide 27
Tab 8
gGE Energy
TM2500+ VENTILATION and COMBUSTION AIR SYSTEM
F-025-10-20-401-00
TM2500+ Ventilation and Combustion Air

System
Slide 1
gGE Energy
COMBUSTION AND VENTILATION AIR SYSTEM

(Refer to F&ID xxxxxxx-751239 Ventilation and Combustion Air System)
The combustion and ventilation air system of the MGTG (mobile gas turbine generator) set supplies filtered combustion air
for turbine engine operation, filtered ventilation air for the turbine enclosure, and filtered ventilation air for the generator. The
air filter module supplies clean combustion air to the gas turbine and clean ventilation air to the turbine enclosure, and the
generator is equipped with a separate ventilation system that includes inlet filters, exhaust silencer, and pressure and
temperature sensors.
Turbine Enclosure and Combustion Airflow

Gas turbine engine suction draws clean, filtered air through the air filter for turbine combustion, while ventilation fans force
clean, filtered air through the turbine enclosure.
Airflow is in two separate streams:
Combustion air flows through a plenum and an FOD screen to the gas turbine engine. Combustion airflow, at a nominal rate
of 150,000 scfm (4248 scmm), enters the turbine engine where it is mixed with fuel and burned in the combustor.
Ventilation airflow drawn by the ventilation fans at a nominal rate of 17,500 scfm (496 scmm), enters the turbine
compartment where it circulates around and cools mechanical components. Two ventilation fans are provided, one active
and one on standby. Ventilation air, having exchanged heat with the mechanical components, is drawn out through the
enclosure wall and expelled through the exhaust assembly.
The control system activates differential pressure alarm PDAL-4007 when pressure differential reaches 0.1 (2.5 mm) Wg
increasing/decreasing (determines eductor or fan mode).
F-025-10-20-401-00

System
Slide 2
gGE Energy
F-025-10-20-401-00

System
Slide 3
gGE Energy
Combustion Air
Ventilation Air
F-025-10-20-401-00

System
Slide 4
gGE Energy
Filtration
The guard filter is an disposable filter utilized to catch a majority of the airborne contaminates which will prolong the life of
the more expensive barrier filters. When differential pressure increases to an alarm state, the filter assembly will be replaced
and the old filter disposed.
Barrier filters (high efficiency filter) consist of a minipleat element. All units will have barrier filters as these are the primary
filter for the unit.
F-025-10-20-401-00

System
Slide 5
gGE Energy
FOD Screen
This screen is the last chance filtration of the combustion air before it enters the engine and it is designed to catch any
small foreign objects. The screen is supported by a stainless steel mesh across the inlet bell mouth and is rated at 1200
micron.
F-025-10-20-401-00

System
Slide 6
gGE Energy
Fire Dampers
The ventilation fans have CO2 activated dampers that close in the event of fire. Should a fire occur these dampers
automatically seal the turbine enclosure, thereby eliminating the oxygen required for combustion. Sensors ZSC-4266A and
ZSC-4266B monitor ventilation damper position, and initiate an alarm in the closed position.
A bypass damper is provided to increase flow area so that an eductor can pull more air when the ventilation fans are turned
off. Both the bypass dampers and the filter dampers are used while operating in eductor mode
F-025-10-20-401-00

System
Slide 7
gGE Energy
Ventilation Air
F-025-10-20-401-00
Combustion Air
System
Slide 8
gGE Energy
F-025-10-20-401-00

System
Slide 9
gGE Energy
Generator Ventilation Airflow

The generator rotor is equipped with fan blades to produce a flow of cooling air through the interior of the generator. The
blades draw cool, filtered ambient air into the generator and circulate it around internal parts before expelling the now heated
air through the top-mounted silencer and generator hood.
Space heaters are provided in the base of the generator and the exciter. These heaters are turned on when ever the
machine is un-excited so that any condensation on the windings and exciter parts can be prevented.
F-025-10-20-401-00

System
Slide 10
gGE Energy
F-025-10-20-401-00

System
Slide 11
gGE Energy
F-025-10-20-401-00

System
Slide 12
Tab 9
GE Energy
TM2500+ WATER WASH SYSTEM
F-025-10-20-501-00
TM2500+ Water Wash System
Slide 1
GE Energy
THEORY OF OPERATION
The water wash system provides a mechanism for cleaning engine compressor blades to increase compressor
efficiency and improve engine power output versus fuel burned. There are many types of compressor fouling.
The type and rate of fouling depend on the environment in which the gas turbine operates and the type of inlet
filtration.
Among the most common types of contaminants are:
Dirt or soil
Sand
Coal dust
Insects
Salt (Corrosion)
Oil
Turbine exhaust gas
Salt, aside from being a contaminant by itself, also causes corrosion of blading and ductwork and subsequent
ingestion of rust and scale. Oil increases the ability of contaminants to cling to compressor passages and
airfoils. The type of material that is deposited on the compressor blading influences the method of its removal.
In other words, some material will respond to one cleaning media, others to another.
Keeping the compressor internals clean can alleviate a number of problems before they ever become apparent.
Besides the obvious benefits of enhanced efficiency (increased power output, lower T-3 temperatures, etc.),
keeping the HPC clean will help blades survive longer. If the compressor is dirty, additional weight is added to
the airfoil and this increases the cyclic stress. Performing thorough water washes with high quality ingredients on
a regular basis with help combat these conditions.
F-025-10-20-501-00
Slide 2
GE Energy
Methods of Detection
Visual
Performance Monitoring
VISUAL INSPECTION
The best method for detecting a fouled compressor is visual inspection. This involves shutting
the unit down, removing the inlet plenum inspection hatch, and visually inspecting the
compressor inlet, bellmouth, inlet guide vanes, and early stage blading. If there are any
deposits, including dust or oily deposits that can be wiped or scraped off these areas, the
compressor is fouled sufficiently to affect performance. The initial inspection reveals whether the
deposits are oily or dry. For oily deposits, a water-detergent wash is required, followed by clean
water rinses. The source of the oil should be located and corrected before cleaning to prevent
recurrence of the fouling.
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Slide 3
GE Energy
PERFORMANCE MONITORING
A second method for detecting a fouled compressor is performance monitoring. Performance
monitoring involves obtaining gas turbine data on a routine basis, which in turn is compared to
baseline data to monitor trends in the performance of the gas turbine.
The performance data is obtained by running the unit at a steady base load and recording output,
exhaust temperatures, inlet air temperatures, barometric pressure, compressor discharge pressure
and temperature, and fuel consumption. The data should be taken carefully with the unit warmed
up. If performance analysis indicates compressor fouling, it should be verified by a visual inspection.
Washing and rinsing solutions are mixed in a holding reservoir and pumped into nozzle rings in the
engine air inlet under controlled pressure and flow rates for optimum cleaning. Operators are
responsible for charging the reservoir and initiating the washing and rinsing cycles. Software logic
then operates the valve controls and a local Start switch will operate the pump, based upon operator
mode selections and engine safety permissives.
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Slide 4
GE Energy
Water Wash System Components

Water wash system components on the main trailer consist of a filter, manifold, and spray nozzles.
Water wash system components on the auxiliary trailer consist of a tank, pump, instruments and
controls. The water wash tank has a 55 gal (208 L) capacity and receives water and chemical
concentrate through customer inlet. The tank is made of polyethylene and designed to withstand
temperatures of -20 to180 F (82 C).
The pump is driven by a dual rated 400/460 VAC, 50/60 HZ motor. Pressure on the discharge side of
the pump is monitored by pressure indicator PI-5038. During offline water wash, water is delivered to
the turbine at 15 GPM (57 LPM) and 75 PSIG (517 kPaG).
F-025-10-20-501-00
Slide 5
GE Energy
Water Wash
Tank
F-025-10-20-501-00
Slide 6
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Water Wash
Pump
Water Wash
Local Start
Button
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Slide 7
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Off Line Water

Wash Supply
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Slide 8
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OFF-LINE WASH
Uses de-min water/detergent solution
* T48 average must be < 200 qF (93 qC)
Remove the following sensor lines on the engine as close to the sensing point
as possible.
Tape off, with non-residue tape, the sensor side of the line.
P2 High Pressure Compressor Inlet Pressure
Ps3 High Pressure Compressor Discharge Pressure

P4.8 Low Pressure Turbine Inlet Pressure
PTB Power Turbine Thrust Balance Pressure
HP Recoup
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P2/T2
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Ps3
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HP Recoup There are two HP Recoup lines on

the engine, but only one sensor line
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P4.8
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Slide 13
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PTB
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Slide 14
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NOTICE
THE BALL VALVE ON THE TANK DRAIN LINE IS NORMALLY CLOSED DURING NON-WASH
CYCLES.
SOLENOID-ACTIVATED VALVE SOV-5032 ADMITS OFF-LINE WASH SOLUTION TO TURBINE
INLET PORT S1.
OFF-LINE WATER WASH MAY NOT BE INITIATED UNTIL GAS TURBINE SURFACE
TEMPERATURES ARE LESS THAN 200 qF (93.3 C).
F-025-10-20-501-00
Slide 15
GE Energy
Description of Water Wash Operation

The customer supplies the recommended amount of chemical concentrate (solvent) through the soap and
water fill funnel and the recommended amount of water through the water inlet on the auxiliary trailer.
The normal recommended chemical to water mixture is 1:4 (1 part chemical and 4 parts water), but this
can change with different soap vendors. After start-permissives have been satisfied (tank level and turbine
temperature), the water wash system is started at the local control box on the auxiliary trailer. Fluid from
the solvent and rinse tank passes through a 100-mesh strainer before entering the intake of the motordriven pump. Pump discharge is regulated by a flow-regulating valve, then passed through flow and
pressure indicator gauges and solenoid valve SOV-5032 before its routed to the turbine inlet port S1.
Tank level transmitter LT-5042 monitors liquid level in the tank and forwards a 4-2- mA signal to the turbine
control system. LT-5042 also provides a water wash pump start permissive. The control system initiates a
pump shutdown if the level lowers to within 2" (51 mm) of the bottom of the tank. Solenoid-activated valve
SOV-5032 admits wash solution to turbine inlet port S1 at a regulated 15 GPM (57 LPM) through a 40
micron filter. Wash cycles last approximately 10 minutes and, during rinsing, rinse water temperature
should range between 150 F (66 C) and 180 F (82 C). After rinsing, drain and clear the tank prior to
the next water washing.
***NOTE***: If the outside air temperature is < 50 F (10 C), the customer must add antifreeze for
engine protection during cold-weather washing.
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GE Energy
The off-line water wash (referred to as a crank-soak wash) consists of the following cycles:
Wash
- When the local start button is depressed, the hydraulic starter is energized and NGG is taken
up to 1200 rpm where the starter will then de-energize until NGG coasts to below 200 rpm.
The starter is then re-engaged, and NGG is taken back up to 1200 rpm where the starter is deenergized again, and this cycle continues until the wash tank is empty. The sequencing is all
automatic and the water wash pump will engage when the hydraulic starter first engages. To
stop the sequence, press the local start button a second time.
Soak
- Allow the engine to soak for a minimum of 10 minutes.
Rinse
- This is the same as the wash sequence, only without detergent. Typically, a wash would
take 2 rinses, but this can vary with detergent vendors. Rinsing is complete when there are
no bubbles coming from the exhaust drain at customer connection [7] .
Purge
- Run the pump dry for several minutes to purge the water wash piping/manifold.
Dry
- Within 30 minutes of completing the wash/rinse cycle, start the engine and run at idle for 5
minutes. If engine operation is prohibited during this period, motor engine for minimum 5
minutes.
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Slide 17
GE Energy
F-025-10-20-501-00
Slide 18
Tab 10
gGE Energy
LM2500+ VIBRATION MONITORING SYSTEM
F-025-10-20-701-00
LM2500+ Vibration Monitoring System
Slide 1
gGE Energy
GEN.
10
12
13
GAS &
FIRE
11
GEN.
OPTICALS
TURBINE
OPTICALS
AGENT
RELEASE
AGENT
RELEASE
BLOCK VALVE
ALARM
MODULE
INPUT
MODULE
INPUT
MODULE
RELEASE
MODULE
MANUAL
PULL
FAULT
MODULE
TURBINE
GAS
MODULE
GAS
MODULE
NT420
% LFL
NT420
% LFL
GAS
MODULE
NT420
% LFL
SET
RESET
STEP
SET
RESET
STEP
SET
RESET
HIHI ALARM
HI ALARM
HIHI ALARM
HI ALARM
HIHI ALARM
HI ALARM
LO ALARM
LO ALARM
LO ALARM
FAIL
FAIL
FAIL
FIRE 1
FIRE 1
HORN
FIRE 2
FIRE 2
STROBE
FIRE 3
FIRE 3
FAULT 2
FAULT 1
FAULT 2
FAULT 1
FAULT 2
FAULT 3
FAULT 3
FAULT 3
R
E
S
E
I
N
H
I
B
I
T
R
E
S
E
T
GAS ALARMS
FIRE
SYSTEM
ALARMS
HEAT
DETS
I
N
H
I
B
I
T
HIHI ALARM
HI ALARM
LO ALARM
FAIL
S
E
FAULT 2
FAULT
SET
RESET
STEP
S
I
L
E
N
C
E
17
AUX =
NT420
% LFL
BELL
FAULT 1
STEP
15 16
14
FAULT 3
FAULT 3
I
N
H
I
B
I
T
TURBINE PRESSURE MANUAL

VOTING
SWITCH
PULL
SYSTEM
FAULTS
TERMINATION CUBICLE
1
18
NGG &
NPT
19
20
21
22 23 24 25 26
27 28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
3500
3500
G-29-03
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Slide 2
gGE Energy
VIBRATION MONITORING
The vibration monitoring system for the turbine engine generator consists of sensing elements for monitoring the turbine and
generator vibration during operation. These sensing elements transmit vibration signals to the TCP. For General Electric
transducer-mounting arrangement, refer to GE publication GEK-97310, Operation and Maintenance Manual for General
Electric LM2500 60Hz Series Gas Generators and Gas Turbines.
The sensors for the vibration system consist of accelerometers that monitor turbine-casing vibration and proximitors
monitoring generator-bearing vibration. Sensors also monitor the high and low rotor speeds. Accelerometers on the CRF
and on the TRF monitor turbine vibration. An accelerometer interface module for each accelerometer conditions the
accelerometer output signals for application to the monitor unit in the TCP. Proximitors, with shaft proximity probes, monitor
shaft vibration at the generators drive and exciter ends.
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Slide 3
gGE Energy
ACCELEROMETER
ACCELEROMETER OPERATION
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Slide 4
gGE Energy
Accelerometer Theory of Operation

In the study of physical systems, it is often desirable to observe the motion of a system and, in particular,
its acceleration.
An accelerometer can be described as a combination of the two transducers the primary transducer,
typically a single degree of freedom vibrating mass, or seismic mass, which converts the acceleration into
displacement, and a secondary transducer which converts the displacement of the seismic mass into an
electric signal.
As the accelerometer reacts to motion, it places the piezoelectric crystal into compression or tension,
which causes a surface charge to develop on the crystal. The charge is proportional to the displacement
of the crystal. As the large body moves, the mass of the accelerometer will move with an inertial
response. The piezoelectric crystal acts as the spring to provide a resisting force and damping. As the
seismic mass moves, it places a piezoelectric crystal into compression or tension, which causes a surface
charge to develop on the crystal, which is proportional to the motion.
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Slide 5
gGE Energy
CRF ACCELEROMETER
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TRF ACCELEROMETER
Slide 6
gGE Energy
Generator Bearing Proximitors

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Slide 7
gGE Energy
Generator Bearing Proximitors

Proximitors are installed on the drive and non-drive ends of the generator drive shaft bearing housings, to measure
displacement between the bearing housings and the generator shaft. Two proximitors are mounted on each bearing
housing perpendicular to the shaft axis and displaced 90q radially. The proximitors are referred to as x and y and
mounted on both drive and non-drive ends of the generator.
Displacement measurements from the four proximitors are displayed on modules installed in rack slots 7 and 8 as
follows:
Drive end x
Drive end y
Non-drive end x
Non-drive end y
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Slide 8
gGE Energy
Generator Bearing
Proximitors (DE)
F-025-10-20-701-00
Slide 9
gGE Energy
F-025-10-20-701-00
Slide 10
gGE Energy
F-025-10-20-701-00
Slide 11
gGE Energy
BENTLEY 3500 RACK

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Slide 12
gGE Energy
VIBRATION MONITORING SYSTEM
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Slide 13
gGE Energy
VIBRATION MONITORING SYSTEM

1.
Low Voltage DC Power Supply / Future Expansion: Operates under fully loaded conditions with a
single power supply. When two power supplies are installed in a rack, the supply in the lower slot
acts as the primary supply and the supply in the upper slot acts as the backup supply. If the
primary supply fails, the backup supply will provide power to the rack without interrupting rack
operation.
2.
Rack Interface Module: Primary interface that supports Bently-Nevada proprietary protocol used to
configure the rack and retrieve machinery information. The rack interface module provides the
connections needed to support current Bently-Nevada Communications Processors and Dynamic
Data Interface External.
3.
Communications Gateway Module: Provides serial communications between the 3500 Monitor
System and a plant information system such as a distributed control system (DCS) or a
programmable logic controller (PLC). Collects data from the modules in the rack over a high-speed
internal network and sends this data to the information system upon request. The module is able
to establish communications with up to six hosts over Ethernet.
F-025-10-20-701-00
Slide 14
gGE Energy
4.
Aero GT Vibration Monitor: 4-channel monitor that accepts input from four Velocity Transducers
and uses these inputs to drive alarms. The monitor can be programmed using the 3500 Rack
Configuration Software to execute any filter options.
5.
Keyphasor Module: 2-channel module used to provide Keyphasor signals to the monitor modules.
The module receives input signals from proximity probes or magnetic pickups and converts the
signals to digital Keyphasor signals that indicate when the Keyphasor mark on the shaft is under
the Keyphasor Probe. A Keyphasor signal is a digital timing signal that is used by monitor modules
and external diagnostic equipment to measure vector parameters like 1x amplitude and phase.
6.
Proximitor Monitor: 4-channel module that accepts input from proximity transducers, linear variable
differential transformers (DC & AC LVDTs), and rotary potentiometers and uses this input to drive
alarms. It is programmed by using the 3500 Rack Configuration Software to perform any of the
following functions: Thrust Position, Differential Expansion, Ramp Differential Expansion,
Complementary Input Differential Expansion, Case Expansion, and Valve Position.
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Slide 15
gGE Energy
7.
Future Expansion
8.
4 Channel Relay Module: Contains four relay outputs. Each relay output is fully programmable
using AND and OR voting. The Alarm Drive Logic for each relay channel can use alarming inputs
(alerts and dangers) from any monitor channel in the rack. The Alarm Drive Logic is programmed
using the Rack Configuration Software.
9.
Dynamic Pressure Monitor: Single slot, 4- channel monitor that accepts input from various high
temperature pressure transducers and uses this input to drive alarms. The monitor has one
proportional value per channel, bandpass dynamic pressure. The bandpass corner frequencies
are configured using the 3500 Rack Configuration Software along with an additional notch filter.
10.
- 16.
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Future Expansion
Slide 16
Tab 11
GE Energy
FIRE and GAS DETECTION SYSTEM
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TM2500+ Fire and Gas Detection System
Slide 1
GE Energy
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM THEORY OF OPERATION

The Fire and Gas Detection System is an independently powered, stand-alone system. A
controller at the turbine control panel (TCP) provides audible and visual alarm signals. The
panel referred to as the Fire Protection Panel (FPP), interfaces with the turbine-control system
to initiate operator alarms and cause turbine-engine shutdowns when conditions warrant.
Ventilation fan controls are also directed through the turbine-control system interface when fire
or fire-causing conditions are detected.
Because of its importance to the system while running, and in Standby or Static state, the
Allestec Fire Protection system performs a routine system check every 36 hours. At time of
initial power-up, the FPP sets an internal watchdog timer that initiates a status check at 36hour intervals. During this period the system looks at each circuit run to the manual switches,
heat sensors, gas detectors, pressure switches and battery charger system to verify proper
operating parameters of the external components. If a device is not functioning properly, or if
the system detects a loss of circuit continuity, an alarm will be annunciated and displayed on
the Operators Alarm and Shutdown screen on the HMI.
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Slide 2
GE Energy
Fire Protection Panel
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Slide 3
GE Energy
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM THEORY OF OPERATION

The fire protection system utilizes thermal spot detectors and gas sensors in the turbine enclosure to
detect fire, or fire-causing conditions. In the case of a fire, an emergency shutdown is initiated and fuel
flow to the turbine engine is terminated. The compartment-ventilating fans de-energize and the solenoidoperated valves open to release the fire-extinguishing agent. Pressure from CO2 in the release lines
activates pneumatic actuators, pulling pins that allow weights to fall, thus closing louvers (fire dampers) in
the ventilation ducts. These fire dampers reduce the supply of oxygen and confine CO2 within the
enclosures for maximum effect.
When an alarm input is received, the control panel energizes a timer to start a time-delay sequence that
allows the operator to evacuate the main skid area before the extinguishing agent is released. A red
emergency push button station has been provided outside the doors to the engine compartment for
manually initiating alarms and releasing the fire-extinguishing agent. The fire suppression and gas
detection system is interlocked with the turbine vent fans and shuts down these fans to confine the fire
within the compartment.
Similarly, when the gas accumulation exceeds the pre-set low explosion level (LEL), a series of events
takes place. The dampers remain open and the standby fan activates in order to increase compartment
ventilation and expel the gas from the compartments to the atmosphere; fuel flow continues. When the
sensors detect a high explosion level (HEL) of gas accumulation, fuel flow is stopped, the dampers remain
open, and the standby fan activates to expel the gas from the compartment if not already in service.
F-025-10-20-801-00
Slide 4
GE Energy
Thermal
Spot
Detector
Control
Panel
Cylinders
of Inert
Gas
Manual
Discharge
Switch
Discharge
Nozzles
Gas
Detector
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Slide 5
GE Energy
FIRE-EXTINGUISHING AGENT
CO2 is used as the extinguishing agent for
the main skid. The systems CO2 is stored in
two sets of
bottles, main and reserve,
outside the engine compartment. The CO2
bottles have been provided with solenoidoperated discharge heads. A check valve on
each tank ensures the activation of one tank
at a time.
There is no level indicator on these bottles!
They need to be weighed every six months
minimum. Full weight is 300 lbs.
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Slide 6
GE Energy
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Slide 7
GE Energy
CO2 MANUAL BLOCK VALVES

Manual operated valves located on the discharge side of the CO2
bottles. Utilized when accessing the enclosure to ensure no
accidentally CO2 release in the module.
The valves have an electronic position feedback to the fire
protection panel. In the closed position, release of CO2 is inhibited.
***NOTE***
- Except during an actual response to a fire Alarm/Shutdown condition, if the

system initiates a 36-hour status check, any condition, such as a manual inhibit mode,
will be reset! Operators should utilize the use of the manual shutoff valve ZS-6364 located
in the CO2 enclosure when doing a quick internal package inspection. Situation could arise
while in an inhibit-only mode to perform an inspection, system could initiate the 36-hour check
and reset inhibit status. System does not indicate that the FPP panel is
performing this diagnostic function!

F-025-10-20-801-00
Slide 8
GE Energy

COMBUSTIBLE GAS DETECTORS
Inside the turbine enclosure, combustible gas is detected by five
dual-element sensors. The dual elements, one of which is
exposed to the local atmosphere and one of which is sealed, are
balanced to cancel the effects of temperature, aging, and
humidity. An unbalance occurs when gas affects the electrical
conductivity of the exposed element.
Alarm @ 15% LEL (Increasing) - Both enclosure fans ordered on

Shutdown (FSLO) @ 25% LEL (Increasing) - Both enclosure fans
stay on
GT ENCLOSURE EXHAUST GAS DETECTORS

Combustible gas monitors may also be mounted in each of the
GT enclosure fan ventilation exhaust ducts.
Alarm @ 5% LEL (Increasing) - Both enclosure fans ordered on
Shutdown (FSLO) @ 10% LEL (Increasing) - Both enclosure fans

stay on
F-025-10-20-801-00
Slide 9
GE Energy
THERMAL SPOT DETECTORS

Two thermal spot detectors, located in the turbine enclosure,
monitor temperatures and signal the fire control modules when
the temperature reaches 450 qF (232qC).
FIRE DAMPERS (2)

Each gas turbine ventilation fan has a fire damper on the inlet
side of the fan that will isolate the enclosure in case of fire. The
dampers are counter weighted to the close position, but are
normally locked open by a mechanical actuation pin assembly.
When the control system initiates a fire stop, CO2 is released to
the enclosures and a portion of this CO2 releases the actuation
pin assemblies and the counter weights will close the damper.
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Slide 10
GE Energy
ALARM HORNS
Alarm horns, inside and outside the enclosure, will sound if
fire is detected. CO2 is released 30 seconds after the
alarm horns sound. A manual switch is provided as a
Horn Acknowledge mute switch.
STROBE LIGHTS
Strobe lights, inside and outside the enclosure, emit a
bright, flashing red light whenever the fire suppression
system has been activated.
***NOTE***
- Strobe lights activate with the initialization of the FPP panel. The strobe latch-in relay is
armed when a shutdown condition occurs and the fan latched-out relays are armed (CO2 discharged). In
the condition where high LEL initiates a shutdown, the strobe latch-in relays are armed. The strobes
cannot be turned off until the key-operated CO2 purge switch is activated and fan logic reset.
F-025-10-20-801-00
Slide 11
GE Energy
HORN SILENCE KEY SWITCH

Key switch utilized to silence the internal and
external horns during fire incidents. Silencing the
horn will not de-energize the strobe lights. Usually
located beneath an external horn.
F-025-10-20-801-00
Slide 12
GE Energy
CO2 PURGE SWITCH

The CO2 Purge Switch is a key-lock switch that is
actuated in order to open fire dampers, enable
ventilation fan operation and turn off strobe lights
after the fire is determined to be out. This is located
next to the CO2 skid.
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Slide 13
GE Energy
MANUAL CO2 RELEASE STATIONS

Manual release stations permit manual
activation of the fire suppression system.
Once activated, there is no stopping the
sequence.
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Slide 14
GE Energy
CO2 BOTTLE RELEASE

VALVE (CONTROL HEAD)
SOLENOID
One solenoid operated release valve is mounted in

each of the banks of bottles (Main and Reserve).
CO2 system may be manually actuated with the
solenoid valve. Resetting the valve is completed
manually with a screw driver.
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Slide 15
GE Energy
CO2 RELEASE PRESSURE SWITCHES

The pressure switches are located on the discharge
of the CO2 bottles, downstream of the manual block
valve.
One switch is activated upon discharge of the main
bank of CO2. If the main bank is released and the
switch is not activated, the controller will release the
reserve bank.
If CO2 is released manually, activation of the switch
will result in a FSLO shutdown of the generator set.
Set at 150 psig (1035 kPaG) - FSLO shutdown.
CO2 is discharged upon the activation of dry-line
discharge pressure switch PSHH-3048 typically set
to 150 psig (1034 kPaG) increasing. If pressure in
the line reaches 150 psig (1034 kPaG), a shutdown
will be initiated. CO2 activation produces a signal
at the fire protection panel that is relayed to the
sequencer. The sequencer then initiates an orderly
FSLO.
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Slide 16
GE Energy
F-025-10-20-801-00
Slide 17
GE Energy
F-025-10-20-801-00
Slide 18
GE Energy
FIRE PROTECTION PANEL
The Fire Protection Panel illustrated above is comprised of plug-in modules that link to thermal and gas detection
sensors inside the turbine enclosure. The FPP also contains Alarm, Release, Manual Pull, and Fault modules that
provide activation of CO2 release solenoids and annunciation of operating conditions. The function of the individual
modules is as described on the following pages.
***NOTE*** - The fire detection panel has a reset button that enables it to be returned to its standby configuration
after being tripped.
***NOTE*** - Unlike most modular control systems, the slots within the Fire Protection System cardframe are
numbered from right to left. Thus, for reference, the module in slot number 1 is located at the far right hand end of
the cardframe, when viewed from the front of the control panel.
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Slide 19
GE Energy
FAULT MODULE
The Fault module assists operators in identifying fault categories and
provides a mechanism for resetting the audible fault horn. The Power LED
indicates low battery supply voltage. The AUX LED is not used in the system
as presently configured. Faults are also displayed locally on each plug-in
module type.
1. System Amber indicator illuminates when a fault in any module in the
system is present.
2. Battery Voltage Green indicator illuminates should the battery power rise
to approximately 30V or fall to approximately 18V.
3. Aux (Not Used) Amber indicator illuminates when normally closed circuit
is open.
.
4. Power LED Green indicator illuminates when power is applied to the
module.
5. Reset Switch Toggle switch used to reset module and alarm conditions.
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Slide 20
GE Energy
MANUAL PULL MODULE

The Manual Pull module accepts inputs from manual pull switches located
strategically around the GTG package and sets a latch, which activates the
Alarm and Release modules. Operation of any of the manual pull switches also
causes the Fire LED on the module front panel to energize.
1. Fire Upon activation of a manual pull station, this LED will illuminate and
audio and visual alarms will be activated. The release module will also be
activated.
2. Fault Amber indicator will illuminate when a circuit is open in the manual
release input wiring and the alarm will be activated.
module.
4. Inhibit/Reset Toggle switch allows testing of the detectors while disabling
the main and reserve banks of the release module.
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Slide 21
GE Energy
RELEASE MODULE
The release module activates CO2 release solenoids after pre-set time delays. Manual pull
switches, high temperature detection, or flame detection will activate a 30-second timer in the
Release module. Following the 30-second warning delay, the primary bank of CO2 bottles is
released. At the time of release, 10-second and 90-second timers are initiated. If CO2
pressure is not sensed in the release lines when the 10-second timer elapses, the backup
bottle bank is released. If flames continue to be detected when the 90-second timer elapses,
the backup bottle bank is also released.
1. Main Red indicator illuminates when CO2 is released from CO2 cylinders.
2. Reserve Red indicator illuminates when CO2 is released from reserve CO2 cylinders.
3. Main Amber indicator illuminates when an open conductor in the Main Release circuit is
detected.
4. Reserve Amber indicator illuminates when an open conductor in the Reserve Release
circuit is detected.
5. PSW Amber indicator illuminates when an open conductor in the Pressure Switch (PSW)
line is detected.
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Slide 22
GE Energy
RELEASE MODULE
6. Abort Amber indicator will illuminate when an open conductor in the abort line is
detected.
7. Power LED Green indicator illuminates when power is applied to the module.
8. Inhibit/Reset Switch Inhibit position inhibits release of CO2 while testing Input
Module Alarms. Manual Pulls may still be used in normal manner while Inhibit function is
selected. Reset position allows user to reset the fault circuit provided the condition
causing the fault has been cleared.
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Slide 23
GE Energy
INPUT MODULE
The input module accepts inputs from two thermal sensor inputs. Two thermal
inputs are wired in parallel from the turbine enclosure and, once activated by
a sensor, the Input Module will initiate the Alarm Module. When reset with the
spring-loaded Reset switch, the LEDs extinguish. Fault LEDs do not blink.
To prevent nuisance alarms, adjustable time delays on the input module
printed circuit cards determine the length of time sensor contacts must
remain closed before being captured and presented as a valid signal.
1. Fire 1 Red indicator illuminates as long as the detector remains in alarm.
When the alarm clears, the LED will blink to indicate there has been a relay
closure. The module can be reset when all alarms on this module have been
cleared.
cleared.
cleared
F-025-10-20-801-00
Slide 24
GE Energy
INPUT MODULE
4. Fault 1 Amber indicator illuminates when there is a sensor contact open
in No. 1 Fault Input circuit.

module.
8. Reset Switch Allows resetting the input module.
F-025-10-20-801-00
Slide 25
GE Energy
ALARM MODULE
Note: The horn, strobe, and bell circuits are fused. Open fuses or continuity loss to the end
devices will activate the associated Fault LEDs on the module front panel.
The Input or Manual Pull modules activate the alarm module. When activated the Alarm
Module will sound the annunci ation devices and turn on the strobe light
1. Bell Red indicator illuminates when the Manual Pull via Release Module activates the
Bell upon an alarm input from the Input Module. The LED will blink once the alarm has
been silenced to indicate that it has been silenced.
2. Horn Red indicator illuminates when the Manual Pull via Release Module activates the
Horn upon an alarm input from the Input Module. The LED will blink once the alarm has
been silenced to indicate that it has been silenced.
3. Strobe Red indicator illuminates when the Manual Pull via Release Module activates
the Strobe upon an alarm input from the Input Module. The LED will blink once the alarm
has been silenced to indicate that it has been silenced.
4. Fault 1 Amber indicator illuminates when there is a fault in the Bell circuit, and it
flashes when the Silence switch has been operated.
5. Fault 2 Amber indicator illuminates when there is a fault in the Horn circuit, and it
flashes when the Silence switch has been operated.
F-025-10-20-801-00
Slide 26
GE Energy
ALARM MODULE
6. Fault 3 Amber indicator when there is a fault in the strobe light circuit.
7. Power LED Green indicator illuminates when power is applied to the module.
8. Silence/Reset Switch The Silence function will silence the horn after which the Horn
LED blinks until Reset is activated. The reset function extinguishes the Horn and Strobe
LEDs. The Reset function is only permitted if the event causing the alarm is cleared.
F-025-10-20-801-00
Slide 27
GE Energy
GAS MODULE TURBINE ENCLOSURE

Gas modules accept 420 mA analog signals from gas detectors in the turbine enclosure
and display the values calibrated as a percentage of the lower explosion limit (LEL) of the
gas-air mixture. To initiate programming, both the Step and Set Reset pushbuttons are
pressed simultaneously.
In normal operation, gas levels will be well below the Lo Alarm limit. Should the level
increase to a value greater than the Lo or Hi Alarm limits, the respective LEDs will
illuminate. The HiHi Alarm LED indicates a 100% LEL.
1. Display Two seven-segment LEDs display the real-time concentration of gas level
between 5 and 100% LEL, PPM, or percent of analog current loop. Displays also indicate
or or ur for over or under range sensor inputs and programming information for setting
alarm parameters.
2. Step Switch used to increment program steps, and the selected values are stored in
the memory with this switch.
3. Step/Reset Switch used to enter and store values into the program mode. Also allows
the operator to reset fault circuit.
4. Hi-Hi Alarm Red LED illuminates when pre-set limit is exceeded.
5. Hi Alarm Red LED illuminates when pre-set limit is exceeded.
6. Lo-Alarm Amber LED illuminates when pre-set limit is exceeded.
7. Fail Red LED illuminates when the module detects a sensor failure.
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Slide 28
Tab 12
gGE Energy
TM2500+ GENERATOR CONSTRUCTION
TM2500+ Generator Construction

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Slide 1
gGE Energy
BRUSH GENERATOR
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Slide 2
gGE Energy
GENERATOR OVERVIEW
The generator converts rotational shaft horsepower into electrical energy when driven by an LM2500 gas
turbine prime mover.
The generator is typically installed without an enclosure and there are various methods used to cool the
air. The unit is bolted to the gas turbine-generator package main skid, such that the rotor is axially aligned
with the power turbine. A flexible coupling through the engine exhaust connects the generator rotor to the
power turbine shaft.
The generator is characterized as a three-phase, two-pole brushless exciter type, with an open-circuit aircooling system. To avoid degraded performance under high-current loads or ambient temperatures,
cooling has been a major consideration in the design of the generator.
Bearings at the drive and non-drive ends support the rotor. The gross weight of the assembled generator
is approximately 61 tons.

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Slide 3
gGE Energy
1.
Stator Winding
2.
Stator Core
3.
Rotor
4.
Rotor Endcap
5.
Shaft Mounted Fan
6.
Bearing Oil Seal
7.
Exciter Cooling Air

Duct
8.
Endframe Bearing
9.
Exciter Stator
10.
Rotating Diodes
11.
Exciter Rotor
12.
PMG
Brushless Generator Major Components

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MAJOR COMPONENTS
1. Stator Winding - High voltage coils are mounted in the generator frame. Rotors lines
of force cut through these coils and create the generators output voltage.
2. Stator Core Thin laminations of low-loss electrical steel are stacked together to form
the generator core. The core concentrates the rotors magnetic flux in the stator coils and
completes the path of the rotors magnetic loops.
3. Rotor The rotor is a solid forging of nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy steel. The
rotor supports the field windings of solid copper bars. Current in the rotor windings
creates magnetic flux around the rotor. This flux cuts the stator coils and produces the
generators high-voltage output.
4. Rotor Endcaps The rotor endcaps are non-magnetic steel. The endcaps cover and
protect the end portions of the rotor windings.
5. Shaft-Mounted Fan(s) Two fans (one on each end of the rotor) pull cooling air into
the generator through top inlets at each end of the generator frame. The fans force the air
over the rotor and core and out through the central top exhaust exit.

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6.
Pressure Oil Seals Twin lube oil seals are mounted at the inner and outer edge of each bearing
cavity. Air pressure from the shaft fans is inserted between the seals to contain the bearing lube
oil.
7.
Exciter Cooling Air Duct A fan on the exciter shaft pulls cooling air through this duct and forces
the air over the exciter components.
8.
Endframe Bearing(s) White-metal lined, hydrodynamic, cylindrical bearings support the rotor
shaft at each end. These bearings require continuous lubrication while the rotor is turning.
9.
Exciter Stator DC excitation current flows through these fixed stator coils, producing a magnetic
field around the coils. The exciter rotor coils cut through this magnetic field, and a voltage is
built in the rotating coils. Note: The energy is transferred to the rotating shaft without brushes,
slip rings or physical contact.
10. Rotating Diodes These diodes rectify the AC voltage in the Exciter Rotor Coils and produce DC
current to energize the rotor main windings.
11. Exciter Rotor A voltage is built in the Exciter Rotor coils when they cut through the magnetic flux
of the Exciter Stator coils. This voltage is rectified by diodes, providing DC current to energize
the main rotor windings.
12. Permanent Magnet Generator (PMG) The flux from sixteen shaft-mounted permanent magnets
cuts through the PMG stator coils and creates the AC utility voltage needed for excitation.
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Generator Frame
The generator frame is a box-shaped weldment built of carbon steel plates. The frame is stiffened
internally by web plates. These plates are aligned by key bars running parallel to the axis of the
machine. The key bars support the stator core.
After fabrication, the generator frame is machined on a large lathe. The lathe cuts an accurate cylinder
along the axis and provides machined faces on each end for mounting the generator end pieces.
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Stator Winding Copper Bars
Main Rotor
The rotor is machined from a single alloy-steel forging of tested metallurgical properties. Longitudinal
slots are machined radially in the body in which the rotor windings are installed. The windings are
secured against centrifugal force by steel wedges fitted into dovetail openings machined in the rotor
slots. The coils are insulated from the slot walls by molded slot liners. Molded ring insulation is provided
at the coil ends to separate and support the coils under thermal and rotational stresses. A centering ring
held into place by shrink fit restricts axial movement.
A single brush, spring-loaded against the rotor, carries stray ground currents from the rotor to the frame
ground. The brush is located near the drive end of the main rotor.

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STATOR CORE
COMPLETES
MAGNETIC CIRCUIT
AROUND ROTOR
LAMINATED
CORE SUPPORTS
STATOR COILS
Stator Core
The stator core is built into a fabricated steel frame and consists of low-loss silicon, steel-segmented
stampings insulated by a layer of varnish on both sides. The stampings are divided into short sections by
radial-ventilating ducts extending from the center through to the outer ends. The stator windings are
arranged in patterns to minimize circulating currents. Conducting tape between the windings and the
machine frame provides Corona protection.
The stator core is a compressed stack of insulated, laminated steel strips. (The laminated construction
reduces electrical losses in the core.) The stator core provides the return path to complete the rotors
magnetic circuit. This concentrates the flux and produces more power in the stator coils.
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PHASE & TERMINAL NUMBERS
WYE CONNECTED
PHASES
CUBICLES CONNECT GENERATOR

TO SITE EQUIPMENT
Generator Terminals
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Generator Connections
The generator has three stator coils, one per phase. Standard phase and terminal numbering is shown
in A above. Three coil terminals extend through the left side of the generator housing, near the exciter
end of the frame (T1,T2,T3), and three terminals extend through the right side of the generator housing
(T4,T5,T6), as shown below.
The generator connects to the site equipment through Lineside and Neutral Cubicles. These cubicles
contain heavy busbars to transmit the generator voltage to the load. The cubicles are mounted on the
generator at the site. The Lineside Cubicle can be mounted on either side of the generator to suit the
customers layout. The Neutral Cubicle mounts on the side opposite from the Lineside Cubicle.
In the Neutral Cubicle, three of the generator terminals are connected together by busbar, creating a
Wye arrangement, as shown in B above. The common, or Neutral, point is connected to ground
through a grounding transformer, as shown in C above.

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Lineside Cubicle
The Lineside cubicle connects to the high-voltage
output terminals of the generator. The customer
then connects the Lineside cubicle to the
generator circuit breaker (52G) with busbar or
high voltage cables.
Three sets of lightning arrestors and surge
capacitors are mounted in the Lineside cubicle.
These devices short-circuit lightning energy to
ground and protect the generator if lightning
should strike the grid.

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Neutral Cubicle
The Neutral cubicle connects to the side of the
generator opposite the Lineside cubicle. Busbars in
the Neutral cubicle connect three phases together to
form the neutral point of the generator Wye
connection. The neutral point connects to earth
ground through the Neutral Grounding Transformer.
The Neutral cubicle also contains three sets of current
transformers. These transformers tell the control
system how much current is flowing in each of the
three phases of the generator. The control system
uses these 0-5 Amp signals for metering and relaying.
Neutral Grounding Transformer

The Neutral Grounding Transformer connects the
neutral point of the generators Wye connection to
ground. Grounding generators in this fashion provides
a common potential reference for all the generators
connected to a grid. This allows them to work smoothly
in parallel. The Neutral Grounding Transformer also
limits the maximum current flow from ground back into
the generator if a phase conductor should
accidentally fall to earth or become grounded
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Generator Drive-End Bearing

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GENERATOR BEARINGS
A pressure-lubricated journal bearing supports the rotor at the drive and non-drive ends. Thrust pads are
installed between the drive-end journal and the bearing, to prevent longitudinal loads that may be imposed
upon the drive turbine.
The bearings are supported in fabricated steel housings, which are bolted directly to the machine ends. The
bearing housings are split on the horizontal shaft centerline with the lower half forming the bearing oil sump.
The bearings are of plain cylindrical design, white metal lines, and spherically seated within the end frames.
Oil under pressure is fed to the bearings and distributed over the bearing surface by internal grooves.
On both the 60 Hz and 50HZ generators, there are two Lube Oil Pumps. One is a mechanically driven pump
attached to the generator shaft at the exciter end, and there is an auxiliary DC Pump mounted to the
generator lube oil tank.
Orifices in each bearing supply lines controls the bearing oil flow. Drain oil discharges into the bottom of the
bearing housing from where it is returned to the lube oil system.

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Generator Bearing Seal System

Pressurized knife-edge oil seals are mounted on the inboard and outboard faces of the bearing
housing. The outer chamber is supplied with pressurized air bled from the downstream side of the main
generator fan. Pressurization prevents oil and oil vapor from flowing along the shaft and out of the
bearing housing.
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Generator Airflow
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GENERATOR TEMPERATURE MONITORING

Instrumentation installed within the generator by the generator manufacturer is as follows:
Three resistance temperature detectors (RTD's) are embedded in each stator windingone in each
winding is a spare
Four RTD's are installed in the air duct flow pathtwo are operational, two are spares (on water cooled
generators they are used to monitor water temperatures)
Two RTDs are embedded in the bearings, one on the generator drive end and one on the exciter end
Two RTDs are installed in the bearings oil supply drain flow, one on the generator drive end and one on
the exciter end

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Exciter Diode Wheel

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Exciter and Diode Assembly

The exciter assembly consists of a permanent magnet generator (PMG), an exciter stator and rotor,
and a rotating diode rectifier. These components are installed at the non-drive end of the generator
shaft.
The PMG stator consists of a single-phase winding in a laminated core. Twelve permanent
magnets rotate on the rotor inside the stator. The PMG output AC voltage is rectified and regulated
by the modular automatic voltage regulator (MAVR).
The exciter stator, which receives the MAVR output DC voltage, is mounted around the exciter
rotor. It consists of a stationary ring that supports the stator poles and carries the magnetic flux
between adjacent poles. Stator windings are series-wound around laminated poles.
The exciter rotor is constructed from punched laminations and contains resin- impregnated,
form-wound, and three-phase windings. A rotating diode assembly rectifies the AC voltage induced
into the exciter rotor.

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Exciter Diode Wiring

The rectifier is a three-phase, full-wave bridge rectifier with parallel, individually fused diodes. The
fuses are mounted on the reverse side of the diode assembly.
The redundant diode configuration enables the exciter to carry full generator output with as many
as half the diodes out of service. Because diodes have only two failure modes (shorted or open),
the fuses provide over current protection and allow continued normal operation, unless two fuses
open in any one of the six rectifier legs.
A radio transmitter, powered by the rectifier DC voltage output, discontinues transmission, should a
rotor ground fault occur. A stationary radio receiver generates an alarm, should the transmitter
signal cease.
Diode failure detection is accomplished by sensing ripple induced into the exciter field caused by
the unbalanced load.

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Diode Failure Detection

Twelve diodes, each with a fuse in series, are mounted in parallel pairs in a three-phase bridge.
Six of the diodes has positive bases and are mounted on one heat sink, the remaining six have
negative bases and are mounted on the other heat sink.
The risk of diode failure is very remote. However, if a diode does break down a heavy reverse
current will flow which is interrupted by the fuse. The adjacent diode and fuse would then be called
upon to carry the whole current that was previously divided between two parallel paths. Each path
is designed with sufficient surplus capacity to carry the full current continuously. The generator
will therefore continue running as if nothing had happen.

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Tab 13
GE Energy
Basic Electricity and Generation
BASIC ELECTRICITY and GENERATION
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INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICITY
All matter is composed of atoms that often arrange themselves into groups called molecules. The atom is composed of
smaller particles separated by space. The center of the atom is the nucleus that contains various particles, including
protons. These protons are said to have positive charge. The electrons, which complete the atomic structure, are said to
orbit the nucleus and have a negative charge.
Different atoms have different numbers of electrons, and atoms in their complete state have equal numbers of electrons
and protons. In this structure, the positive and negative charges cancel out each other, leaving the atom electrically
neutral.
Consider the copper atom; notice the outer electron is farthest from the nucleus and subject to a smaller force of attraction
than those electrons in the inner orbit. This electron is weakly held in position and often breaks free, moving at random
among the other copper atoms. An atom that loses an electron in this way is left with an overall positive charge, since it
has a positive proton in excess of those required to balance the effect of the negative electrons. Such an atom is called a
positive ion.
Electrons in motion constitute electric current. By the laws of nature, opposites attract. If opposite-charged materials are
connected electrically in some way, current will flow to the movement of electrons from negative to positive.
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ELECTRIC CURRENT IN A BLOCK
Consider a block of conducting material. Free electrons are moving at random among positive ions. If a battery is
connected across the block, free electrons close to the positive plate will be attracted to it and free electrons near the
negative plate will be repelled from it.
A steady flow of electrons occurs from the negative battery terminal to the positive terminal. For each electron entering the
positive terminal, one is ejected from the negative terminal, thus the total number of electrons in the material remains
constant.
VOLTAGE, CURRENT, AND RESISTANCE
To consider the basic DC circuit we must introduce the notion of voltage.
Consider our basic circuit, the battery connected across the piece of material. The reason there is current flow is because
there is an excess of electrons at the negative terminal and a deficiency of them at the positive one. We say there is a
difference in potential between the positive and the negative terminals, and we measure this potential difference in volts.
Adopting the physical analogy to electricity, we can say the following: In order for electrons to move, a force must be
applied. This force is called electromotive force (EMF) and is measured in volts.
In all conducting materials there is a resistance associated with electron movement. This is the electrical resistance and is
measured in ohms.
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OHMS LAW
The conditions required to set up and maintain the flow of electric current are as follows:
There must be a source of EMF (battery or generator
There must be a continuous external path (circuit) for the current to flow in
Consider the simple circuit shown on the previous page. When the switch is closed, a current will flow. The value of this
current depends on the battery EMF (in volts) and the amount of resistance in the circuit.
The relationship between EMF, current, and resistance is defined in the statement called Ohms law. The current flowing in
a circuit is directly proportional to the applied voltage.
EMF is inversely proportional to the resistance. We tend to express this relationship mathematically as follows:
I=V/R
I = Current (A)
V = EMF (V)
R = Resistance (R)
This gives us the magic triangle from which is given two of the circuit parameters; we can deduce the remaining one.
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POWER
To complete the definitions portion of this section, we need to consider power. We define power as the rate of doing work.
Whenever a force of any kind causes motion, work is said to be done. A difference in potential between any two points in an
electric circuit gives rise to a voltage, which causes electrons to move and current to flow. Thus, force causes motion and
work is done. So whenever voltage causes electrons to move, work is done in moving them.
The rate at which the work of moving electrons from point to point is done is called electrical power. The unit in which it is
measured is the watt (W). It is defined as the rate at which work is being done in a circuit in which a current of 1 ampere
(A) is flowing when the EMF applied is 1 volt (V). In real terms, power is the rate at which electrical energy can be
converted into useful forms of energy, such as heat or light.
Electrical power is expressed in watts (W), kilowatts (kW), or megawatts (MW). One horsepower of mechanical energy is
equal to 746 W or about kW (1000 W = 1 kW). As an example, 13,800 volts 1500 amperes = 20,700 kW (20.7 MW).
This example provides for the instantaneous amount of electrical power being generated.
The total energy produced by the generator is expressed in kilowatt-hours. As an example, 20,000 kW 2 hours of
generation = 40,000 kilowatt-hours. The formula for calculating kW (shown in the above illustration) is valid for directcurrent (DC) circuits and for alternating-current (AC) circuits when the AC voltage and current are in phase with each other.
The power (P) consumed in a resistor is determined by the voltage measured across it, multiplied by the current flowing
through it. The following power formula results: P = V I Watts = Volts Amps.
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CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS

In the simple model we have been considering, we introduced the notion of conductors. The piece of material, which
permitted electron flow, is a conductor. Copper wire is considered a good conductor since it contains many free electrons.
Given an electric force (voltage) acting in a particular direction, electrical energy will be transferred through the conductor
by the directional movement of free electrons migrating from atom to atom within it. Each electron only moves a very
short distance to a neighboring atom, where it forces one of that atoms electrons from its outer orbit by mutual repulsion
of like charges and then takes its place.
The displaced electron repeats the process in another nearby atom, until the movement of electrons has been transmitted
through the conductor. The more electrons that can be made to move for a given applied electric force, the better the
conductor.
Popular conductors in use in the power industry today are aluminum and copper, with aluminum preferred, owing to its
lower price. Materials possessing very few free electrons are called insulators. In these materials, a lot of energy is
required to force electrons out of their orbit about the atoms. Even then only a few can be forced out at any one time. No
such thing as a perfect insulator exists and in that sense, they can be thought of as very poor conductors.
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MAGNETISM
Let us consider a common bar magnet. Magnetism about the magnet is exhibited in the form of lines of force. These
invisible lines of force are called flux lines and the shape of the area they occupy is called the flux pattern or magnetic field.
The magnetic lines of force always travel out from the North Pole and reenter the magnet through the South Pole. Inside the
magnet the lines of force travel from the South Pole to the North Pole. This way, the lines remain continuous and unbroken
and the complete path they take is called the magnetic circuit.
Flux lines per unit area, or flux density, are greater at the ends of the coil, where flux lines leave the north pole and enter the
south pole.
Pushing two similar poles of different magnets together, you experience a force of repulsion between them. By bringing
similar poles together, one can feel a strong force of attraction. It is a characteristic of all magnetic lines of force that they
always tend to repel one another and never unite or cross.
Two magnetic fields, which are brought close together, will deform themselves into considerably distorted flux patterns, but
will not cross each other. The type of magnet we have been considering is the natural phenomena of permanent magnetism
that is exhibited in some natural materials. It is possible, however, to induce magnetism in a material by means of electricity.
This is known as electromagnetism.
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CURRENT FLOW IN A CONDUCTOR

If a magnet is moved past a piece of wire, electric current is induced in this wire. The current is induced only when the
magnet is moving. As the diagrams demonstrate, you can increase the amount of electricity produced by increasing the
speed with which the wire is passed back and forth about the magnet, use a stronger magnet, or use more coils of wire.
The energy required to produce relative motion is analogous to the energy used in rotating a mechanical pump to produce
liquid flow, as illustrated above. The circulating liquid flow is analogous to current flow in the electric circuit. The switch in
the electrical circuit is analogous to the valve in the mechanical liquid circuit.
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FIELD AROUND A CURRENT-CARRYING CONDUCTOR

Current flow through a conductor produces a magnetic field, as illustrated above. The direction of magnetic flux lines is
predictable by Amperes right-hand rule. A compass near the conductor can be used to verify the presence and direction of
the magnetic field.
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ELECTROMAGNET AND RIGHT-HAND RULE

One of the effects of a conductor carrying a current is to produce a magnetic field. Any conductor carrying a current will, in
fact, act as a magnet.
If we cause current to flow in a piece of wire, a magnetic field is induced. The converse is also trueif you move a piece of
wire so that it cuts through a magnetic field, an electric current will flow in the wire.
Forming the conductor in the previous illustration into a coil, as illustrated above can increase magnetic field strength. To
make the magnetic field of the loop stronger, form the wire into a coil containing many loops. The individual fields of all the
loops reinforce one another and form a single strong magnetic field, extending both inside and outside the loop.
The field strength of the coil will then be proportional to current flow and the number of turns in the coil. The magnetism also
increases with increasing current. Note that once current ceases to flow in the conductor, magnetism is lost.
Flux lines per unit area, or flux density, is greater at the ends of the coil where flux lines leave the North (N) pole and enter
the South (S) pole.
The direction of the magnetic field about a current-carrying conductor is determined by the direction of current flow. If a
current-carrying conductor is grasped in the right hand with the thumb pointing in the direction of current flow, the fingers
wrapped around the conductor will point in the direction of the magnetic lines of force. This is known as the Right-Hand
Rule.
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ELEMENTARY GENERATOR
In order to understand the ac waveform, it does well to examine how it is produced. To do this, we need to understand the
mechanism of ac power generation. An elementary generator consists of a loop of wire placed so that it can be rotated in a
uniform magnetic field to produce electricity in the loop. If sliding contacts are used to connect the loop to an external
circuit, a current will flow around the external circuit and the loop.
The pole pieces are the North and South Poles of the magnet that supply the magnetic field. The loop of wire that rotates
through the field is called the armature. The ends of the armature loop are connected to rings called slip rings, which
rotate with the armature. Current collectors, called brushes, brush off the slip rings to pick up the electricity generated in
the armature and carry it to the external circuit.
In the description of the generator outlined, visualize the loop rotating through the magnetic field. As the sides of the loop
cut through the magnetic field, they generate an emf, which causes a current to flow through the loop, slip rings, brushes,
ammeter, and load resistor, all connected in series. The emf, which is generated in the loop and, therefore, the current that
flows, depends on the position of the loop in relation to the magnetic field.
ALTERNATING-CURRENT FREQUENCY
We have seen that as the loop of the elementary generator rotated through 360 degrees, one complete revolution, the
generated emf completed one cycle. If the loop rotates at a speed of 60 revolutions per second, the generated emf will
complete 60 cycles per second (c/s). It will then be said to have a frequency of 60 cycles per second.
The units we use for frequency are hertz (hz = c/s). Frequency is the number of cycles per second. The standard
commercial frequency used in the United States is 60 Hz. Other parts of the world use frequencies of 50 Hz. Lower than
50 Hz causes problems; for instance, a visible flicker of lights can be seen using an electrical supply of less than 50 Hz.
This is because every time the current changes direction, it falls to zero and momentarily switches off an electric lamp as it
does so. At 50 c/s, the lamp switches on and off at 100 times per second (faster than the human eye can detect, and
therefore, we have the impression that the lamp is permanently lit). At lower frequencies, it would be possible to discern
this switching.
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SIMPLE SINGLE-PHASE GENERATOR

Illustrated above is a permanent magnet with high permeability rotating near a single-loop conductor. As the N and S poles
rotate (to positions) near the loop, the flux density is increased and reversed when the opposite pole approaches.
The reversal in flux direction produces a once-per-cycle reversal in current flow, such that an oscillating waveform is
produced. The waveform produced is sinusoidal, having a peak-positive value as each N pole passes and a peak-negative
value as each S pole passes.
By positioning three loops, or coils, around a rotating magnet, as illustrated in (A) above, three voltage waveforms are
generated with each revolution. By arranging the coils 120 mechanical degrees apart (industry standard), three-phase
power is produced, as illustrated in (B) on the next page.
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Slide 24
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SIMPLE THREE-PHASE GENERATOR

By positioning three loops, or coils, around a rotating magnet as illustrated in (A) above, three voltage waveforms are
generated with each revolution. By arranging the coils 120 mechanical degrees apart, industry-standard, 3-phase power is
produced, as illustrated in (B) above.
The generating system illustrated in (A) above uses a rotating electric magnet rather than a permanent magnet. Current
flow through the rotating windings is supplied by a battery and brushes, which contact rotating slip rings. A variable resistor
in the external battery current
loop regulates current flow through the rotating coil. This Excitation current determines the strength of the rotating magnetic
field and, therefore, the voltage and/or power output from the stator windings.
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TWO POLE GENERATOR

The excitation scheme, illustrated in (B) above, provides magnetic linking of the stationary and rotating parts of the machine
without using brushes. Brushless excitation has become an industry-preferred standard, eliminating the wear and failure
problems associated with brush type exciters.
In the brushless excitation scheme, the rotating flux lines of the permanent magnet induce an AC voltage in the surrounding
stationary windings. This AC voltage is rectified, and the resulting DC is regulated and applied to a set of stationary windings
called the Exciter Field. The exciter field windings surround an exciter rotor, which has induced in it an AC voltage. The AC
voltage output of the exciter rotor is rectified by diodes, which also rotate. The DC output from the rotating diodes is applied
to the main rotor to control the electrical output of the main stator windings. The regulation of exciter field current, therefore,
is a mechanism for controlling the 3-phase generator output.
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GENERATOR BRUSHLESS EXCITATION
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TWO BIG IDEAS
When magnetic lines of force cut a coil, a VOLTAGE is built in the coil.
When a current is passed through a coil, a MAGNETIC FIELD is built around the coil.
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Tab 14
GE Energy
GENERATOR LUBE OIL SYSTEM
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TM2500+ Generator Lube Oil System
Slide 1
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GENERATOR LUBE OIL SYSTEM

The generator lube oil system provides pressurized lubrication to the generator bearings. The major components of the
lubrication system are as follows:
Lube oil storage reservoir, 150-gal (567 L)

Generator-driven lube oil pump
Motor-driven auxiliary DC lube oil pump
Lube oil filter assembly
Heat Exchanger
To prevent damage, the generator bearings must be lubricated whenever the generator rotor shaft rotates. Thus, lubricating
oil must be supplied to the bearing assemblies during startups, at operational speeds, and while the rotor shaft coasts to a
stop during shutdown. To ensure that these lubrication requirements are met under all conditions, an auxiliary 125 VDC
pump remains on standby in the event the main generator-driven pump fails, or turbine shutdown is initiated. The auxiliary
pump also supplies lubricating oil to the bearings during startup until the main pump has a chance to reach operating
pressure.
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Mineral Lube Oil Reservoir

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Generator-Driven Lube Oil Pump

This pump, mounted to the exciter end of the generator housing, is directly driven by the generator rotor shaft and supplies
lube oil to the bearings at the normal operational shaft speed. Because its efficiency decreases at lower shaft speeds, the
pump must be supplemented by an auxiliary pump to ensure adequate lubricating oil flow during startups and shutdowns.
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Auxiliary Lube Oil Pump

The auxiliary pump supplies oil to the generator bearings for the first 5
minutes of startup, during shutdowns, and in case of generator-driven
pump failure. This pump is driven by a 2-hp, 125-VDC, motor, and is
controlled by the turbine sequencer in the electronic turbine control
system.
The sequencer monitors the lube oil system pressure and generator
shaft speed, and activates the auxiliary pump during generator startups,
shutdowns, and any other time that the lube oil pressure drops to 12
psig. An alarm sounds should the auxiliary pump activate with the
generator turning at normal operating speed.
F-025-10-30-300-00
Slide 5
GE Energy
Fin Fan Cooler

The Fin Fan cooler is located off base and is equipped with two fans and two tube bundles to cool
oil for both the synthetic and mineral lube oil systems. Mineral lube oil may bypass the cooler module
if thermostatic control valve TCV-0000 determines the temperature to be 60 C (140 qF).
F-025-10-30-300-00
Slide 6
GE Energy
GLO Simplex Filter
F-025-10-30-300-00
Slide 7
GE Energy
Temperature Control valve

Pressure Control Valve
F-025-10-30-300-00
Slide 8
GE Energy
Typical Generator Bearing
F-025-10-30-300-00
Slide 9
GE Energy
System Operation
Refer to F&ID Dwg. xxxxxx-751248, Generator Lube Oil System.
Lube oil pumps draw oil from the system reservoir through independent suction lines. Both pumps feed a common
discharge line. A check valve maintains oil in the generator-driven pump to ensure instantaneous oil flow to the bearing
assembly whenever the pump begins operation.
Valve PCV-0013 prevents the lube oil pressure in the common discharge line from exceeding 30 psig (207 kPaG) and ports
excess oil back to the reservoir.
A relief valve PSV-0003 prevents pressure at the output of the auxiliary pump from exceeding 85 psig (586 kPaG).
Heated lube oil from the discharge of either the generator-driven or the auxiliary pump is cooled by a fin-fan heat exchanger,
located on the auxiliary trailer, before flowing through the simplex oil filter assembly. The lube oil may bypass the coolers if
thermostatic control valve TCV-0000 determines the temperature to be 140 qF (60 C). As the lube oil temperature
increases during generator operation, the valve progressively directs more oil through the heat exchanger until, at 140 F
(60 C), nearly all the oil flows through the heat exchanger. After the lube oil passes through control valve TCV-0000,
temperature indicator TE-0025 measures actual lube oil temperature downstream of the cooler, signaling an indicator and
activating an alarm and shutdown. Temperature indicator TI-0025 provides a temperature reading to the electronic-turbine
control system. Alarm TAH-0025 activates when temperatures reach 160 qF (71 C) or higher, and a cool down lock out
(CDLO) is activated when temperatures reach 190 qF (88 C) or higher.
F-025-10-30-300-00
Slide 10
GE Energy
System Operation (Continued)

From the heat exchanger, the cooled oil flows into the simplex oil filter. Differential pressure transmitter PDT-0015
indicates the pressure differential across the filter elements. PDT-0015 activates alarm PDAH-0015 at the electronicturbine control system if the differential pressure reaches 20 psid (138 kPaD). Pressure indicator PI-0015 provides a
pressure reading to the electronic-turbine control system.
Pressure at the filter output is controlled by pressure control valve PCV-0013 which prevents the supply line pressure
from exceeding 30 psig (206.8 kPaG). This valve protects against overpressure, which can force oil past the seals in the
generator-bearing assemblies, by porting excess oil back to the reservoir. Pressure transmitter PT-0026 monitors
pressure down stream of the filter, signaling an indicator and activating an alarm and shutdowns. Pressure indicator PI0026 provides a pressure reading to the electronic-turbine control system. Alarm PAL-0026 is activated when pressure
drops to 25 psig (1170 kPaG) or less. FSLO shutdown PALL-0026 is activated when pressure drops to 12 psig (83
kPaG) or lower. FSLO shutdown PAHH-0026 is also activated when pressure increases to 60 psig (413 kPaG) or higher.
From PT-0026, lubricating oil enters the generator shaft-bearing assemblies through the orifice at the non-drive end and
another orifice at the drive end. Sensing elements TE-0021 and TE-0023 monitor bearing temperatures, activating an
alarm at 197 F (92 C) and initiating a shutdown at 203 F (95 C). Sensing elements TE-0035 and TE-0036 monitor the
temperature of lube oil leaving the bearings, activating an alarm at 189 F and initiating a shutdown at 194 F. Sensing
elements TE-0021, TE-0023, TE-0035, and TE-0036 transmit this data in the form of 420-mA signals to the electronic
control system for display on the DCS monitor.
F-025-10-30-300-00
Slide 11
GE Energy
System Operation (Continued)

Oil from the bearing assemblies is gravity-drained back to the generator lube oil reservoir. Sight glasses in each drain line
permit visual verification of oil flow.
The air/oil separator on the lube oil reservoir vents any gases entrained in the returning lube oil. Immersion heater HE0005 maintains the reservoir oil temperature at 90 F. Tank thermometer TE-0020 monitors reservoir oil temperature, and
signals temperature indicator TI-0020, which provides a temperature reading to the electronic-turbine control system.TE0020 also activates alarm TAL-0020 if the oil temperature falls to 70 F (21 C). Level transmitter LT-0001 activates alarm
LAL-0001 if the oil level drops to 63% of full. LT-0001 activates alarm LAH-0001 if the oil level rises to 87% of full. LT-0001
will initiate a shutdown if the oil level falls to 55% of full.
F-025-10-30-300-00
Slide 12
GE Energy
F-025-10-30-300-00
Slide 13
GE Energy
F-025-10-30-300-00
Slide 14
Tab 15
gGE Energy
F-025-10-40-100-00
TM2500+Turbine Control System

(Woodward Control)
TM2500+ TURBINE CONTROL SYSTEM (Woodward Control)
Slide 1
gGE Energy

(Woodward Control)
Turbine Control Panel

Divided into Control Cubicle and Termination
Cubicle
Discrete Operator Interface
Complete legend of components found in
Turbine Control Panel Plan and Elevation
Drawing (XXX014)
F-025-10-40-100-00
Slide 2
gGE Energy

(Woodward Control)
Control System Functions
Fuel Control
Sequencing
Protection
Generator Excitation Control
Human Machine Interface
F-025-10-40-100-00
Slide 3
gGE Energy

(Woodward Control)
FUEL CONTROL
More than simple speed governing
Includes speed control, temperature control, fuel
scheduling/limiting, and variable geometry
control
Fuel control performed by Woodward MicroNet
Plus
F-025-10-40-100-00
Slide 4
gGE Energy

(Woodward Control)
Woodward MicroNet Plus

Simplex or duplex CPU and
power supplies
Located in MTTB
Complete list of I/O points found in Fuel
Control Worksheet (XXX143)
F-025-10-40-100-00
Slide 5
gGE Energy

(Woodward Control)
SEQUENCING
Startup/shutdown control
Sequencing of auxiliary equipment
Monitoring of package instrumentation
Central point of communication for all control
system components
Primary interface to HMI
Performed by GE FANUC RX7i Process
Automation Controller with VersaMax I/O
F-025-10-40-100-00
Slide 6
gGE Energy

(Woodward Control)
GE FANUC RX7i
CPU with ethernet
communication
Redundant Genius buss
communications to
VersaMax I/O
Located in Turbine
Control Panel
Complete list of sequencer I/O found in

Sequencer Worksheet (XXX146)
F-025-10-40-100-00
Slide 7
gGE Energy

(Woodward Control)
VersaMax I/O
Remote I/O modules
mounted in TCP, MTTB, and
MGTB
Redundant Genius Buss
communications
4-20mA analog, RTD and
Discrete input/output module
types
F-025-10-40-100-00
Slide 8
gGE Energy

(Woodward Control)
PROTECTION
Protection functions exist in both fuel control and
sequencer
Separate, dedicated equipment is provided for
Backup Overspeed
Vibration Protection
Fire and Gas Detection
Electrical Faults
F-025-10-40-100-00
Slide 9
gGE Energy

(Woodward Control)
HMI Displays
HMI (Human Machine Interface) displays allow
the operator to view operational trends of the
GTG set and its various systems
Screens show critical operating parameters and
system setpoints
F-025-10-40-100-00
Slide 10
gGE Energy
F-025-10-40-100-00

(Woodward Control)
Slide 11
gGE Energy
F-025-10-40-100-00

(Woodward Control)
Slide 12
gGE Energy
F-025-10-40-100-00

(Woodward Control)
Slide 13
gGE Energy
F-025-10-40-100-00

(Woodward Control)
Slide 14
gGE Energy
F-025-10-40-100-00

(Woodward Control)
Slide 15
gGE Energy
F-025-10-40-100-00

(Woodward Control)
Slide 16
gGE Energy
F-025-10-40-100-00

(Woodward Control)
Slide 17
gGE Energy
F-025-10-40-100-00

(Woodward Control)
Slide 18
gGE Energy
F-025-10-40-100-00

(Woodward Control)
Slide 19
gGE Energy
F-025-10-40-100-00

(Woodward Control)
Slide 20
Tab 16
GE Energy
TM2500+ SEQUENCES
F-025-10-50-004-00
TM2500+ Sequences
Slide 1
GE Energy
PRE-START INSPECTION
Before starting the TM2500+ MGTG set, perform the following inspections and initial
steps to avoid inadvertent shutdown or possible damage to the equipment.
1. Check the turbine inlet plenum for foreign objects or debris. Remove any debris.
CAUTION
FOREIGN OBJECTS OR DEBRIS LEFT IN THE TURBINE INLET PLENUM COULD RESULT IN
SEVERE DAMAGE TO THE TURBINE ENGINE.
2.
Check the oil level in the turbine, hydraulic starter, and generator lube oil systems
reservoirs. Fill as required. Use only the approved lube oils for the turbine, starter, and
generator lube oil systems. Check lube oil temperatures. Minimum acceptable lube oil
temperature is 70 F (21 C).
F-025-10-50-004-00
TM2500+ Sequences
Slide 2
GE Energy

CAUTION
DO NOT FILL THE TURBINE LUBE OIL RESERVOIR PAST TWO-THIRDS FULL WHILE THE
TURBINE IS RUNNING. OVERFILLING WILL RESULT IN RUNOVER WHEN UNIT IS SHUT
DOWN.
IF LUBE OIL TEMPERATURE IS LESS THAN 70 F, ENSURE THAT THE HEATERS IN THE LUBE
OIL TANKS ARE TURNED ON. (REFER TO ONE LINE DIAGRAM, MOTOR CONTROL CENTER.)
3. Check the fuel pressure. Fuel inlet pressure must be within specifications.
4. Check fluid level in the reservoir of the hydraulic start unit. Replenish fluid levels as
needed. Use approved fluid.
5. Examine all fluid fittings, piping, flanges, and hoses for evidence of leakage. Check
hoses for chafing.
NOTICE
LEAKS AT FUEL LINE FITTINGS ARE OFTEN CAUSED BY LOOSE FITTINGS AND CAN BE
ELIMINATED BY SIMPLY TIGHTENING. IF REQUIRED, LOCK-WIRE FITTINGS IN ACCORDANCE
WITH THE STANDARD MAINTENANCE PRACTICES OUTLINED IN THE GE LM2500 ON-SITE
OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL.
F-025-10-50-004-00
TM2500+ Sequences
Slide 3
GE Energy
6. Check condition of the fire and gas protection system detectors.

.
a. Check thermal (heat) spot detectors for clean, undamaged
probes. Check maintenance records to verify that the detectors
have been properly calibrated and tested in accordance with the
maintenance schedule.
b. Check combustible gas detector sensors to ensure that the

screens are clean. Check the maintenance records to verify that
the sensors have been properly calibrated and tested in accordance
with the maintenance schedule.
NOTICE
GAS DETECTOR SENSORS ARE VERY SENSITIVE AND REQUIRE FREQUENT CALIBRATION. IF
IN DOUBT, CALIBRATE OR REPLACE THEM WITH NEW SENSORS.
F-025-10-50-004-00
TM2500+ Sequences
Slide 4
GE Energy

7. Check the fire-extinguishing system as follows:
a. Inspect fire extinguishant discharge nozzles for obstructions or
.corrosion.
b.
Check the weight and charge pressure of each fireextinguishing bottle.
c. Check the batteries and battery chargers that supply power to
the fire suppression and gas detection panel. Verify that
connections at the battery terminals are tight and free of dirt and
corrosion, the batteries are fully charged, and chargers are
operating properly.
NOTICE
DURING THE FIRST 3090 DAYS OF OPERATION, MONITOR THE EQUIPMENT FREQUENTLY.
RECORD PERFORMANCE TRENDS IN ORDER TO PREDICT MAINTENANCE AND INSTRUMENT
SET INTERVALS.
8. Check and record all instrument readings at regular intervals while the GTG set is in
operation. Ensure that all readings are within normal limits.
F-025-10-50-004-00
TM2500+ Sequences
Slide 5
GE Energy
F-025-10-50-004-00
TM2500+ Sequences
Slide 6
GE Energy
Local Start Sequence with Automatic Synchronizing & Paralleling

OPERATOR ACTION
SYSTEM RESPONSE
1.
Set Synchronizing switch to

Auto position.
2.
Set
Voltage
Regulator
excitation mode switch to Auto
position; and set Voltage
Regulator On-Off switch to On
position.
On the CRT, AVR In Auto message

appears on the Generator Data
portion of the display. If manual
voltage regulation has been selected,
the AVR In Manual message replaces
AVR In Auto.
3.
Select Start from the Unit

Control screen.
Compartment vent fans toggle, and

vent fan airflow is verified.
The
hydraulic start pump is energized.
COMMENTS
This is the preferred mode of operation.
The switch settings are required for
automatic voltage, frequency, and phase
matching.
This permits automatic
synchronizing and paralleling of the
applicable breaker.
The generator auxiliary lube oil pump

energizes. Pump discharge pressure
is verified.
10 sec later, the starter is engaged,
and cranks the gas generator.
F-025-10-50-004-00
TM2500+ Sequences
The GTG set undergoes crank.
Slide 7
GE Energy
OPERATOR ACTION
3.
Select Start from the Unit

Control screen. (Cont)
SYSTEM RESPONSE
COMMENTS
The purge ends after 2 min (standard

configuration) and approximately 7-8
min (HRSG). The solenoid valve destrokes the starter swash plate to min
position, and the gas generator speed
decreases to 0%.
When gas generator speed drops
below 1700 rpm for gas/1200 rpm for
liquid, the solenoid valve positions
starter swash plate angle to max
(100%).
4.
On the CRT system, observe

the rpm indicated by GG Speed
Reference display.
The starter ramps to 100% and

begins to accelerate the gas
generator.
If the gas generator speed fails to exceed

1700 rpm within 10 sec, the Fail To Crank
shutdown is tripped.
5.
Observe power turbine inlet

T48 Temp and GG Speed
Reference displays.
Fuel flow and ignition start at 1700

rpm for gas or 1200 rpm for liquid.
Light-off speed.
Light-off occurs. T4.8 should exceed

400F (204C).
If T4.8 temperature fails to exceed 400 F

within 10 sec (or 25 sec for liquid fuel)
after gas generator speed reaches 1700
rpm, the Fail To Ignite shutdown is
tripped..
F-025-10-50-004-00
TM2500+ Sequences
Slide 8
GE Energy
OPERATOR ACTION
5.
Observe power turbine inlet

T48 Temp and GG Speed
Reference displays. (Cont)
SYSTEM RESPONSE
COMMENTS
The fuel system start ramp begins

increasing fuel flow to accelerate the
gas generator to idle (starter
disconnect) speed.
If gas generator speed fails to exceed

4500 rpm within 60 sec after T48
temperature reaches 400 F (204C), the
Fail To Accelerate shutdown is tripped
Gas turbine has reached its minimum selfsustaining (idle) speed (app. 6800 rpm).
When gas generator speed exceeds

4500 rpm,
- starter disengages
- igniters shut off
- Starting Cycle message terminates
- Turbine Running message appears
- Fired Starts Counter advances by
one increment
- Turbine Run Time meter initializes
F-025-10-50-004-00
TM2500+ Sequences
As generator shaft speed reaches 2500

rpm, the electronic control system
deenergizes the auxiliary pump and the
generator-driven
pump
assumes
lubrication load.
If oil pressure is outside pre-set limits, the
control system reenergizes the auxiliary
pump, activates an alarm, and displays the
Aux Pump On Unsched message. The AC
pump remains energized until the problem
is corrected.
Slide 9
GE Energy
OPERATOR ACTION
6.
On the CRT display, observe

that gas generator speed
stabilizes at approx. 6800 rpm
and that power turbine speed
increases.
SYSTEM RESPONSE
COMMENTS
Gas generator speed reaches 6800

rpm, starting 1 min warm-up timer.
If power turbine speed fails to exceed 350

rpm within the 1 min warm-up period, the
PT Fail To Accelerate shutdown activates.
After 1 min warm up complete, GG

ramps up to accelerate power turbine
to 3600 rpm.
Excitation
increases
as
the
accelerates to synch idle speed
7.
On the CRTs Gen Power Data

screen, observe Generator
Voltage data, Exciter Field
Voltage data, and Exciter Field
Current ampere data.
After an approximate 60 sec delay for

voltage to stabilize, paralleling
devices are enabled.
8.
Observe the red and green

lamps used to indicate the
status of the circuit breaker.
When paralleling devices

generator frequency, phase
and output voltage with those
other bus, the circuit breaker
and Ready To Load appears.
F-025-10-50-004-00
TM2500+ Sequences
match
angle,
on the
closes
unit
The MGTG set is ready to assume its

proportional share of the load. The red
(breaker closed) lamp illuminates and the
green (breaker open) lamp extinguishes.
Slide 10
GE Energy
OPERATOR ACTION
9.
On CRTs Gen Power Data

screen,
check
generator
ammeter,
varmeter,
and
wattmeter readings.
10.
On the CRT, check T48 Temp,

GG Speed, and PT Speed
displays.
11.
Use the Governor Raise-Lower

switch to increase the loading
on the generator.
SYSTEM RESPONSE
COMMENTS
The unit assumes new load setting by

increasing fuel flow. Loading is limited
by T48 maximum temperature.
END OF SEQUENCE
F-025-10-50-004-00
TM2500+ Sequences
Slide 11
GE Energy
F-025-10-50-004-00
TM2500+ Sequences
Slide 12
GE Energy
Engine Stopping Modes

Shutdown may be initiated by operator selection or caused by engine
operational conditions at any time during startup or running operational
modes. The LM2500 software code lists more than 200 engine, generator,
and subsystem conditions that can cause a shutdown.
The five programmed shutdown sequences that can occur once
shutdown is initiated are:
1)
Emergency Stop No motoring (ESN)
2)
Emergency Stop with motoring (ES)
3)
Step To Idle (STI)
4)
Decelerate to Minimum load (DM)
5)
Normal Shut Down (NSD)
F-025-10-50-004-00
TM2500+ Sequences
Slide 13
GE Energy
ESN (FSLO) - Emergency Stop No motoring (Fast Stop Lock-Out)

Immediately shutdown the unit by shutting off fuel, water / steam and trip
the breaker.
When NGG (HP shaft) coasts down below 300 RPM and if the T48
temperature is above 1150 degrees F (621 degrees C) then a 4-hour
lockout will be initiated after a 10 minute delay.
A 15 minute crank cycle must complete to reset the 10 minute delay
timer.
If the crank cycle is interrupted, causing N25 to coast below 300 RPM,
and if the high T48 temperature persists, then a 4-hour lockout period is
initiated
ES (FSWM) - Emergency Stop (Fast Stop With Motoring)

Immediately shutdown the unit by shutting off fuel, water / steam and trip
the breaker.
When N25 (HP shaft) coasts down to 1700 RPM, engage starter and
crank for 15 minutes.
F-025-10-50-004-00
TM2500+ Sequences
Slide 14
GE Energy
STI (SDTI) - Step to Idle (Step Decel To Idle)

Immediately step the megawatt load to minimum. The breaker remains
closed.
If the SI condition cannot be reset within 10 seconds then an ESN occurs.
DM (SML) - Decelerate to Minimum load (Slow to Minimum Load)

Fast load shed within 20 seconds. If the DM condition cannot be reset
within 5 minutes then an NSD occurs.
NSD (CDLO) - Normal ShutDown (CoolDown LockOut)

Shed load and water / steam at the normal stop rate of 0.19 MW/Sec.
Open breaker when minimum load is achieved.
Idle at synchronous speed for 5 minutes maximum to cool down unit and
then shut off fuel, water / steam.
If the NSD condition can be reset within the shutdown period, then the
NSD shutdown is aborted.
Fans & lube oil pumps remain on for a 30 minute cool-down cycle
F-025-10-50-004-00
TM2500+ Sequences
Slide 15
Tab 17
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
F-000-00-60-002-00
GE Energy
1
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
F-000-00-60-001-00
GE Energy
g
TECHNICAL MANUAL ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
A
A
Ampere(s)
abs
Absolute
AC
Alternating Current
acfm Actual Cubic Feet per Minute
acmm Actual Cubic Meter per Minute
AGB Accessory Gearbox
ALF Aft, Looking Forward
Assy Assembly
ASTM American Society for Testing and
Materials
atm Atmosphere
AUX Auxiliary
AVRX Auxiliary Voltage Regulator
B
(Beta) Variable Stator Position
BEM Brush Electrical Machines
bhp
Brake Horsepower
BOP Balance of Plant
Btu
British Thermal Unit
C
C
Degree Celsius (Centigrade)
cc
Cubic Centimeter
CCW Counterclockwise
CDLO Cooldown Lockout
CDP Compressor Discharge Pressure
cfm Cubic Feet per Minute
CG
Center of Gravity
cid
Cubic Inch Displacement
CIT Compressor Inlet Temperature
cm
Centimeter
cm2 Square Centimeter
cm3 Cubic Centimeter
Cont Continued
CRF Compressor Rear Frame
CRT Cathode-Ray Tube (Screen)
CT
Current Transformer
CW Clockwise
D
dB
dBA
Decibel
Decibel (Absolute)
F-000-00-60-001-00
GE Energy
3
g
DC
DCS
DF
dn/dt
Direct Current
Digital Control System
Diesel Fuel
Differential Speed/Differential Time
(Rate of Change, Speed vs. Time)
dp
Differential Pressure
dp/dt Differential Pressure/Differential
Time
-dPs3/dt Negative Rate of Change of HighPressure Compressor Static
Pressure
DSM Digital Synchronizing Module
Dwg. Drawing
E
EMU Engine Maintenance Unit
F
F
FCV
F&ID
Fig.
FIR
FMP
FOD
FLSO
Degree Fahrenheit
Flow Control Valve
Flow & Instrument Diagram
Figure
Full Indicator Reading
Fuel Manifold Pressure
Foreign-Object Damage
Fast Stop Lockout Without
Motoring
FSWM Fast Stop With Motoring
ft
Foot (Feet)
2
Square Feet
ft
ft3
Cubic Feet
ft-lb Foot-Pound
G
GA
gal
GE
GG
gpm
GT
GTG
General Arrangement
Gallon(s)
General Electric
Gas Generator
Gallons per Minute
Gas Turbine
Gas Turbine Generator
H
H-O-A HAND-OFF-AUTO (Switch)
F-000-00-60-001-00
GE Energy
g
hp
HP
HPC
HPCR
HPT
HPTR
h
Hz
Horsepower
High Pressure
High-Pressure Compressor
High-Pressure Compressor Rotor
High-Pressure Turbine
High-Pressure Turbine Rotor
Hour(s)
Hertz (Cycles per Second)
I
ID
Inside Diameter
IEEE Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers
IGHP Isentropic Gas Horsepower
IGKW Isentropic Gas Kilowatt
IGV Inlet Guide Vane
in
Inch(es)
in2
Square Inch
in3
Cubic Inch
in-Hg Pressure, Inches of Mercury
in-lb Inch-Pound
in-Wg Pressure, Inches of Water
I/O
Input/Output
IPB Illustrated Parts Breakdown
ISA Instrument Society of America
K
kg cm Kilogram-Centimeter
kg m Kilogram-Meter
kohm Kilohm
kPa
KiloPascal
kPad KiloPascal Differential
kPag KiloPascal Gauge
K (CONT)
kV
Kilovolt
kVA Kilovolt Ampere
kvar Kilovar
kW
Kilowatt
kWh Kilowatthour
kWhm Kilowatthour Meter
L
L
lb
Liter
Pound(s)
F-000-00-60-001-00
GE Energy
5
g
LEL
LFL
LP
LPC
Lpm
LPCR
LVDT
Lower Explosive Limit

Lower Flammable Limit
Low Pressure
Low-Pressure Compressor
Liters Per Minute
Low-Pressure Compressor Rotors
Linear Variable-Differential
Transformer
M
m
Meter
2
m
Square Meter
m3
Cubic Meter
mA
Milliampere
Maint. Maintenance
MAVR Modular Automatic Voltage
Regulator
mb
Millibar
MCC Motor Control Center
MGTB Main Generator Terminal Box
MHz Megahertz
MIL Military
MIL-SPEC Military Specification
MIL-STD
Military Standard
min Minute(s)
mm Millimeter
Mohm Megohm(s)
mph Miles Per Hour
MTTB Main Turbine Terminal Box
Mvar Megavar
MW Megawatt
N
NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers
Association
Nm
Newton Meter
NOx Oxides of Nitrogen
O
OAT Outside Air Temperature
OD
Outside Diameter
O&M Operation and Maintenance
P
P2
Low-Pressure Compressor Inlet
F-000-00-60-001-00
GE Energy
g
Total Pressure
High-Pressure Compressor Inlet
Total Pressure
P48 Low-Pressure Turbine Inlet Total
Pressure
Pamb Ambient Pressure
Para. Paragraph
P (CONT)
PCB Printed Circuit Board
PF
Power Factor
PMG Permanent Magnet Generator
ppm Parts Per Million
Ps3
Discharge Static Pressure
Ps25 High-Pressure Compressor Inlet
Static Pressure
Ps55 Low-Pressure Turbine Discharge
Static Pressure
psia Pounds per Square Inch Absolute
psid Pounds per Square Inch
Differential
psig Pounds per Square Inch Gauge
PT
Pressure Transmitter
PTO Power Takeoff
P25
R
rms
rpm
RTD
RTV
Root Mean Square

Revolutions Per Minute
Resistance Temperature Detector
Room Temperature Vulcanizing
S
scfm Standard Cubic Feet per Minute
scmm Standard Cubic Meters per Minute
SDTI Step Decelerate to Idle
sec
Second(s)
SG
Specific Gravity
shp
Shaft Horsepower
SMEC Spray Mist Evaporator Cooler
SML Slow Decelerate to Minimum Load
S/O Shutoff
SOV Solenoid-operated Valve
S&S Stewart & Stevenson Services, Inc.
STIG Steam Injection
F-000-00-60-001-00
GE Energy
7
g
T
T2
T3
T25
T48
Tamb
TAN
TBD
TGB
theta 2
TIT
TRF
Low-Pressure Compressor Inlet

Total Temperature
Discharge Temperature
High-Pressure Compressor Inlet
Temperature
Low-Pressure Turbine Inlet
Temperature
Ambient Temperature
Total Acid Number
To Be Determined
Transfer Gearbox
Ratio of Measure Absolute Gas
Generator Inlet Temperature to
Standard Day Absolute
Temperature
Turbine Inlet Temperature
Turbine Rear Frame
V
V
Volt
VAC Volts, Alternating Current
var
Volt-Ampere Reactive
VBV Variable Bypass Valve
VDC Volts, Direct Current
VG
Variable Geometry
V (CONT)
VIGV Variable Inlet Guide Vane
VSV Variable Stator Vane
W
W
W2
Watt
Low Pressure Compressor Physical
Airflow
W25 High Pressure Compressor Physical
Airflow
Wf
Flow, Fuel
Wg
Pressure, Water Gauge
Wh
Watt-Hour
WHRU
Waste Heat Recovery Unit
X
XN2
Low-Pressure Rotor Speed Physical
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XN2R Low-Pressure Rotor Speed Corrected
XN25 High-Pressure Compressor Speed Physical
XN36 Acoustic monitor DLE
XN25R High-Pressure Compressor Speed Corrected
XNSD Low-Pressure Turbine Speed
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GLOSSARY
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GLOSSARY
A
A/D Conversion Analog-to-Digital Conversion: A con-version that takes an analog input
in the form of electrical voltage or current and produces a digital output.
ABT Automatic Bus Transfer: For critical loads, normal and alternate, power sources are
provided. The power sources are supplied from separate switchboards through separate cable
runs. Upon loss of the normal power supply, the transfer switch automatically disconnects
this source and shifts the load to the alternate source.
AC Alternating Current: Alternating current is an electric current that flows first in one
direction for a given period of time, and then in the reverse direction for an equal period of
time, constantly changing in magnitude.
A Ampere: A unit of electrical current or rate of flow of electrons. One volt across one
ohm of resistance causes a current flow of one ampere.
Analog Signal: An analog signal is a measurable quantity that is variable throughout a given
range and is representative of a physical quantity.
Annular: In the form of, or forming, a ring.
Anti-Icing: A system for preventing the buildup of ice on the gas turbine intake systems.
APD Automatic Paralleling Device: Automatically parallels any two gas turbinegenerator sets.
B
Babbitt: A white alloy of tin, lead, copper, and antimony which is used for lining bearings.
BAS Bleed-Air System: The BAS uses as its source compressed air extracted from the
compressor stage of each gas turbine module and gas turbine-generator set. The BAS is used
for anti-icing, prairie air, masker air, and low-pressure gas turbine starting for both the gas
turbine module and the gas turbine-generator set.
Bleed Air: Hot, compressed air bled off the compressor stage of the gas turbine module and
gas turbine-generator set. See BAS Bleed-Air System.
Blow-in Doors: The blow-in doors located on the high-hat assembly are designed to open by
means of solenoid-operated latch mechanisms if the inlet airflow becomes too restricted for
normal engine operation.
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Borescope: A small periscope used to visually inspect internal engine components.
BTB Buss Tie Breaker: A BTB is used to connect one main switchboard to another main
switchboard.
Buffer: To electronically isolate and filter an electrical signal from its source.
Bus: The term used to specify an uninsulated power conductor.
C
CB Circuit Breaker: An automatic protective device that, under abnormal conditions,
will open a current-carrying circuit.
CIT Compressor Inlet Temperature (T2): CIT is the temperature of the air entering the
gas turbine compressor as measured at the front frame. CIT is one of the parameters used for
calculating engine power output (torque) and scheduling fuel flow and variable stator vane
angle.
Coalesce: To grow together, unite, or fuse, as uniting small liquid particles into large
droplets. This principle is used to remove water from fuel in the filter/separator.
Condensate: The product of reducing steam (gas) to a liquid; (water). For example, as used
in the distilling process.
D
D/A Conversion Digital-to-Analog Conversion: A con-version that produces an analog
output in the form of voltage or current from a digital input.
DC Direct Current: Direct current is an electric current that flows in one direction. A
pure direct current is one that will continuously flow at a constant rate.
Deaerator: A deaerator is a device that removes air from oil as in the LS&C tank (gas
turbine module) which separates air from scavenged oil.
Delta P Differential Pressure: The pressure drop across a fixed device.
Demisters: A moisture-removal device that separates water from air.
Dessicant: A substance having a great affinity for water and used as a drying agent.
Diffuser: A device that reduces the velocity and increases the static pressure of a fluid
passing through a system.
Digital Signal: A signal, in the form of a series of discrete quantities, that has two distinct
levels.
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E
Eductor: The eductor is a mixing tube which is used in the gas turbine module exhaust
system. It is physically positioned at the top of the stack so that the gas flow from the gas
turbine module exhaust nozzles will draw outside air into the exhaust stream as it enters the
mixing tube.
EG Electronic Governor: An electronic governor is a system that uses an electronic
control unit, in conjunction with an electrohydraulic governor actuator, to control the position
of the liquid fuel valve on the gas turbine-generator set and regulate engine speed.
F
Fault Alarm: This type of alarm is used in the Fuel Oil Control System and Damage Control
Console. It indicates that a sensor circuit has opened.
FO System Fuel Oil System: The FO system provides a continuous supply of clean fuel to
the gas turbine module and to the gas turbine-generator set. The gas turbine module and gas
turbine-generator set can operate on DFM, ND, and JP-5.
FOD Foreign-Object Damage: Damage as a result of entry of foreign objects into a gas
turbine engine.
G
GB Generator Breaker: Circuit breaker used to connect a gas turbine-generator set to its
main switchboard.
GCU Generator Control Unit: A static GCU is supplied for each gas turbine-generator
set consisting of a static exciter/voltage regulator assembly, field rectifier assembly, motordriven rheostat, and a mode select rotary switch. It controls the output voltage of the
generator.
Governor Droop Mode: Droop mode is normally used only for paralleling with shore
power. Because shore power is an infinite bus, droop mode is necessary to control the load
carried by the gas turbine-generator set. If a gas turbine-generator set is paralleled with shore
power, and one attempts to operate in isochronous mode instead of droop mode, the gas
turbine-generator set governor speed reference can never be satisfied because the gas turbinegenerator set frequency is being held constant by the infinite bus. If the gas turbine-generator
set governor speed reference is above the shore power frequency, the load carried by the gas
turbine-generator set will increase beyond capacity in an effort to raise the shore power
frequency. If the speed reference is below the shore power frequency, the load will decrease
and reverse in an effort to lower the shore power frequency. The resulting overload or reverse
power will trip the gas turbine-generator set circuit breaker.
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Governor Isochronous Mode: The isochronous mode is normally used for gas turbinegenerator set operation. This mode provides a constant frequency for all load conditions.
When operating two gas turbine-generator sets in parallel isochronous mode, it also provides
equal load sharing between the units.
GTG Set Gas Turbine-Generator Set: The GTG set consists of a gas turbine engine; a
reduction gearbox; and a three-phase, alternating-current generator rated at 2000 kW and 450
VAC.
GTM Gas Turbine Module: The GTM consists of the main propulsion gas turbine unit,
including the gas turbine engine, base, enclosure, shock-mounting system, fire detection and
extinguishing system, and the enclosure environmental control components.
H
Header: This is a piping manifold that connects several sub-lines to a major pipeline.
Head Tank: A tank located higher than other system components to provide a positive
pressure to a system by gravity.
Helix: A tube or solid material wrapped like threads on a screw.
High-Hat Assembly: A removable housing over the main engine air intake ducts, which
contains the moisture-separating system, inlet louvers, and blow-in doors.
Hz Hertz: A unit of frequency equal to one cycle per second.
I
I/O Input/Output: The interfacing of incoming and outgoing signals from the computer to
the controlled device.
IGV Inlet Guide Vanes: Vanes ahead of the first stage of compressor blades of a gas
turbine engine whose function is to guide the inlet air into the gas turbine compressor at the
optimum angle.
Immiscible: Incapable of being mixed.
Impinge: To strike, hit, or be thrown against, as in the case of condensate impinging against
the tubes or baffles.
Inlet Plenum: That section of the gas turbine inlet air passage that is contained within the
engine enclosure.
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ISO Isochronous: Governing with steady-state speed regulation of essentially zero
magnitude.
L
Labyrinth/Windback Seals: The labyrinth/windback seals combine a rotating element with
a smooth-surface stationary element to form an oil seal. This type of seal is used in
conjunction with an air seal, with a pressurization air cavity between the two seals. Pressure
in the pressurization air cavity is always greater than the sump pressure, therefore, flow across
the seal is toward the sump, thus preventing oil leakage from the sump. The windback is a
course thread on the rotating element of the oil seal which, by screw action, forces any oil
which might leak across the seal back into the sump.
Latent: Present, but not visible or apparent.
LED Light-emitting Diode: A solid-state device which, when conducting, emits light.
The LEDs are used for the digital displays and card fault indicators in the local control panel
and other electronic systems.
Liquid Fuel Valve: Meters the required amount of fuel for all engine operating conditions
for the GTG set engine.
Load Shedding: Generator overpower protection by automatically dropping preselected
nonvital loads when generator output reaches 100% for 3 seconds, and additional dropping of
preselected semivital loads if the overload condition exists for another 5 seconds.
Local Control: Startup and operation of equipment by means of manual controls attached to
the machinery, or by the electric panel attached to the machinery or located nearby.
LOCOP Local Control Panel: Electronic enclosure containing operating and monitoring
equipment used to control the turbine during operation. The control elements of the system
are powered by 28 VDC from the switchboard or batteries.
M
micron: A unit of measure equal to one-millionth of a meter.
mil: A unit of measure equal to one-thousandth of an inch.
MRG Main Reduction Gear: The reduction gear is a single-reduction, single-helical
(spiral), gear-type speed reducer.
N
Nozzle: A small jet (hole) at the end of a pipe.
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O
Orifice: A restricted opening used primarily in fluid systems.
P
PCB Printed Circuit Board: An electronic assembly mounted on a card using etched
conductors. Also called Printed Wiring Board (PWB).
PF Power Factor: The ratio of the average (or active) power to the apparent power (rootmean-square voltage rms current) of an alternating-current circuit.
Pinion: A smaller gear designed to mesh with a larger gear.
Pitch: A term applied to the distance a propeller will advance during one revolution.
PMA Permanent Magnet Alternator: PMA is mounted on the generator shaft extension
of each GTG set and supplies speed sensing and power to the EG. PMA also supplies initial
generator excitation.
Poppet-Type Check Valve: A valve that moves into and from its seat to prevent oil from
draining into the GTG set when the engine is shut down.
ppm Parts Per Million: Unit of measure.
pps Pulses Per Second: Unit of measure.
psi Pounds per Square Inch: Unit of measure (pressure).
psia Pounds per Square Inch Absolute: Unit of measure (pressure).
psid Pounds per Square Inch Differential: Unit of measure (pressure).
psig Pounds per Square Inch Gage: Unit of measure (pressure).
PTO Power Takeoff: PTO is the drive shaft between the GTG set, gas turbine engine, and
the reduction gearbox. Transfers power from the gas turbine to the reduction gearbox to drive
the generator.
Pushbutton Switch Indicators: A panel-mounted device that contains both switch contacts
and indicating lights. The contacts are actuated by depressing the device face. The indicator
lights are labeled and wired for indicating alarm or status information.
R
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Rabbet Fit: A groove, depression, or offset in a member into which the end or edge of
another member is fitted, generally so that the two surfaces are flush. Also known as register
and spigots.
Radio-Frequency Interference: An electrical signal capable of being propagated into, and
interfering with, the proper operation of electrical or electronic equipment.
RTD Resistance Temperature Detector: Same as RTE.
RTE Resistance Temperature Element: These temperature sensors work on the principle
that as temperature increases, the conductive materials exposed increase their electrical
resistance.
S
Scavenge Pump: Used to remove oil from a sump and return it to the oil supply tank.
scfm Standard Cubic Feet per Minute: Unit of measure.
Sensor: A device that responds to a physical stimulus and transmits a result impulse for
remote monitoring.
Serial Data Bus: The bus is time-shared between the LOCOP and the end device. Control
and status information are exchanged in the form of serial data words.
Stall: An inherent characteristic of all gas turbine compressors to varying degrees and under
certain operating conditions. It occurs whenever the relationship between air pressure,
velocity, and compressor rotational speed is altered to such extent that the effective angle of
attack of the compressor blades becomes excessive, causing the blades to stall in much the
same manner as an aircraft wing.
Sync Synchronize: The state where connected alternating-current systems operate at the
same frequency and where the phase-angle displacements between voltages in them are
constant or vary about a steady and stable average value.
SWBD SWitchBoarD: A large panel assembly which mounts the control switches, circuit
breakers, instruments, and fuses essential to the operation and protection of electrical
distribution systems.
Switch Indicator: See Pushbutton Switch Indicator.
T
T2 Compressor Inlet Temperature: Same as CIT.
TIT Turbine Inlet Temperature: TIT is the GTG sets turbine inlet temperature.
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U
Ultraviolet Flame Detectors: Ultraviolet flame detectors sense the presence of fire in the
GTM and GTG set and generate an electrical signal to the alarm panel.
X
XDCR Transducer: The XDCR is a sensor that converts quantities such as pressure,
temperature, and flow rate into electrical signals.
XFR Transfer: The theoretical relationship between measure and output values, as
determined by inherent principles of operation.
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GAS TURBINE ENGINE THEORY

DEFINITIONS
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GAS TURBINE ENGINE THEORY DEFINITIONS
INTRODUCTION
This information sheet has been prepared to aid the student in his understanding of the basic
principles of physics, the gas laws, thermodynamics, and the Brayton cycle, which are
associated with gas turbine engine operation. A thorough knowledge of these principles will
greatly aid the student throughout his career in the Gas Turbine field.
REFERENCES
Aircraft Gas Turbine Engine Technology
Sawyers Turbomachinery Maintenance Handbook
Modern Marine Engineers Manual
Handbook of Physics and Chemistry
Basic Thermodynamics
DEFINITIONS
Absolute pressure P
The actual pressure applied to a system. Normally found by
adding a value of 14.7 to gauge readings. (Normal units are expressed as pounds per square
inch, absolute (psia).)
Absolute temperature
T
Temperature that is reckoned form the absolute zero.
(Normal units are expressed as either degrees Rankine or degrees Kelvin.)
Absolute zero
The point at which all molecular activity ceases. Computed to be a
temperature of approximately 460 degrees Fahrenheit (460 F) or 273 degrees Celsius
(273 C).
Acceleration a
The rate of change of velocity, in either speed or direction. (Normal
units are expressed as feet per second squared (ft/sec2).)
Adiabatic
As applied to thermodynamics, applies to a process or cycle that occurs
with no net loss or gain of heat.
Ambient pressure Pamb For our uses while studying marine gas turbine engines, the
pressure felt directly outside the ship (atmospheric pressure).
Ambient temperature
Tamb For our uses while studying marine gas turbine engines,
the temperature felt directly outside the ship (atmospheric temperature).
DEFINITIONS (CONT)
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Bernoulli theorem
As a fluid flows through a restricted area such as a nozzle, the
velocity of the fluid will increase with a corresponding decrease in pressure and a slight
decrease in temperature. The inverse is true for fluid flow through a diffuser.
Boyles law
If the absolute temperature of a given quantity of gas is held constant,
the absolute pressure of the gas is inversely proportional to the volume the gas is allowed to
occupy.
Brayton cycle
The thermodynamic cycle on which all gas turbine engines operate,
considered to be a constant pressure cycle (combustion occurs at a constant pressure).
British thermal unit Btu Defined as the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature
of a 1-pound mass of water 1 degree Fahrenheit (1 F). (Water is to be pure distilled water,
and the temperature change is from 64 degrees Fahrenheit (64 F) to 65 degrees Fahrenheit
(65 F).)
Cascade effect
As related to compressor stall, cascade effect is where
turbulence created in the forward stages of the compression section is passed rearward
through the compressor, with an increase in the total amount of turbulence with each
successive stage.
Celsius (centigrade) C
Normally used by scientists, a temperature scale in which the
temperature c in degrees Celsius (C) is related to the temperature Tk in kelvins by the
formula:
c = Tk 273.15.
Charles law
If the absolute pressure of a given quantity of gas is held constant, the
volume the gas is allowed to occupy is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the
gas.
Compound blading
A blending of both reaction and impulse turbine blading such
that the actual blades are impulse at the root and reaction at the tip. It is the most common
type of blading used in the turbine and power turbine sections of modern gas turbine engines.
Compressor discharge pressure
CDP The actual pressure of the air exiting the
compressor section, after having passed through all stages of compression and the diffuser,
and passing on to the combustion section.
Compressor discharge temperature
CDT The temperature of the compressed air
that has passed through all compression stages and the diffuser, and is being passed to the
combustor.
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Compressor inlet pressure
CIP
The pressure of the air at the inlet to the inlet guide vanes of
the compressor. Normally slightly less than atmospheric pressure.
Compressor inlet temperature

CIT The temperature of the air which actually enters
the compressor. Normally measured at the inlet bellmouth.
Compressor stall
When turbulence across the stages of the compressor becomes severe
enough (owing to the cascade effect), the actual airflow through the compressor is disrupted
and decreases. During compressor stall, it is not common to see a reduction in the rpm of the
compressor section, only a reduction in the actual airflow through the compressor.
Compressor ratio C/R
compressor inlet pressure.
A ratio of the compressor discharge pressure divided by the
Compressor ratio per stage CR/STG

The pressure rise that each individual stage in the
compressor can handle. It has been determined that in an axial-flow compressor, the
maximum CR/STG is approximately 1.2-to-1.
Conduction
A method of heat transfer in which one area of a substance is heated,
causing an increase in the molecular vibrations at that point. These increased vibrations are
transmitted from atom to atom throughout the length of the substance.
Configuration
How something is put together.
Conservation of momentum
During an elastic collision with no losses owing to heat
or friction, the total momentum of Object 1 must equal the total momentum of Object 2.
Convection
A method of heat transfer in which one area of a fluid is heated,
causing a current to be set up that transfers the heat throughout the fluid.
Cycle
conditions.
A process that begins with certain conditions and ends at the original
Cycle efficiency
The output horsepower of the engine divided by the input
energy used. In the case of all gas turbine engines, efficiency is equal to work rate brake
divided by heat rate of addition (the units for both must be the same). (Normal units are
expressed as percent (%).)
Delta
Pressure correction factor.
Distance
The amount of linear separation between two or more objects or points.
Diameter
D
The length of a straight line through the center of an object. (Normal
units are expressed as feet (ft) or inches (in).)
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Dovetail
A type of blade attachment normally used to attach the rotating blades
in the compressor section of an axial-flow compressor to the disk.
Elastic collision
In physics, a collision in which there are no losses owing to
friction or heat, and no plastic deformation occurs.
Energy
(ft-lb.).)
The capacity to do work. (Normal units are expressed as foot pounds
Exhaust gas temperature EGT

The temperature of the gases that are exhausted
from the engine. (Normal units are expressed as degrees Fahrenheit (F).)
Exit guide vanes
EGV Used in most axial-flow compressors to reduce the total amount
of turbulence that is passed from the compressor section to the combustion section of the
engine.
Fahrenheit F
Degrees Fahrenheit. A temperature scale normally used by engineers
(not an absolute temperature scale).
First law of thermodynamics
Energy is indestructible and interconvertible.
Three main points: (1) Energy cannot be created or destroyed; (2) energy can change forms;
and (3) energy is conserved for any system, open or closed.
A type of blade attachment normally used to hold the rotating blades of an
axial-flow turbine to the turbine disk or wheel.
Fir tree
Fluid
Any substance which conforms to the shape of its container (may be either
liquid or gas).
Force F
A vector quantity that tends to produce, modify, or retard motion. (Normal
units are expressed as pounds (lb).)
Fuel flow
Wf
The amount of fuel an engine is using at any given time. (Normal units
are expressed as gallons per hour (gal/hr).)
Function
How something is accomplished.
Gas constant R
A number derived for any gas by use of the perfect gas equation. This
constant for atmospheric air is 53.345.
Gas generator G/G The section of a split-shaft engine that is composed of the compressor,
combustor, and turbine.
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Gas turbine engine GTE A form of internal combustion heat engine that operates on the
Brayton cycle, and in which all events occur continuously during normal engine operation.
Gauge pressure
psig The actual pressure readings taken from gauges that are
calibrated to read absolute pressure.
General gas law
A combination of both Boyles law and Charles law.
Gravity
g
The gravitational attraction of the mass of the earth, the moon, or a
planet for bodies at or near its surface. On earth, the acceleration owing to gravity is 32.174
ft/sec2.
Heat Q
The energy associated with the random motion of atoms, molecules, and
smaller structural units of which matter is composed.
.
Heat rate of addition Qa

The amount of energy (in Btu/min) which is added during the
combustion process in the gas turbine engine.
DEFINITIONS (CONT)
.
Heat rate of rejection

Qr
A loss for a gas turbine engine. The amount of energy
that was added during the gas turbine engine cycle, but was not extracted in the turbine
section and was exhausted to the atmosphere. (Normal units are expressed in British thermal
units per minute (Btu/min).)
Heat transfer
substances.
Height hgt
The transfer of thermal energy between two or more bodies or
The extent of elevation above a level. (Normal units are expressed as feet (ft).)
Horsepower hp
The unit of power in the British engineering system, equal to 550 footpounds per second, approximately 745.7 watts.
Impulse blading
A type of turbine or power turbine blading which operates
principally by the conservation of momentum.
Inlet guide vanes
IGV A set of vanes located in the forward part of the axial-flow
compressor which are used to direct the incoming air at a predetermined angle toward the
direction of rotation of the first-stage blades.
Kelvin K
scale.
A temperature scale which is absolute and is related to the Celsius temperature
Kinetic energy
pounds (ft-lb).)
EK
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The energy of motion. (Normal units are expressed as foot-
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Local sound of speed CS
temperature.
Speed of sound is directly related to the ambient or local
Mass m
The quantity of fundamental matter of which an object is composed. Mass of
an object does not change with location.
Matter
Anything having weight and occupying space.
Momentum M
A property of a moving body that determines the length of time
required to bring it to rest when under the action of a constant force.
Newtons laws
physics:
Three laws which encompass a large amount of classical
Every body or substance will continue in its state of rest or uniform motion in a
1st
straight line, unless acted upon by some external force.
2nd
A force is required to accelerate a body; the magnitude of this force is directly
proportional to the mass of the body and to the acceleration produced. Mathematically
written as: F = m a.
3rd
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Open cycle
A cycle in which the operating medium is drawn in at atmospheric
conditions, undergoes some process or processes, and is then returned to atmospheric
conditions.
Potential energy
Ep
Stored energy.
pi
The ratio of the circumference of any circle to its diameter. A constant with no
units; an approximation is 3.1416.
Power p
The time rate of doing work. (Normal units are expressed as horsepower (hp).)
Power turbine
extracted.
P/T
Pound(s)
A unit of measure used to denote either an amount of weight or force.
lb
Pound mass lbm

weight).
The section of split-shaft engines in which work rate brake is
A unit of measure used to denote the mass of an object (the objects
Pressure
The force or thrust exerted over a surface divided by its area. (Normal
units are expressed as pounds per square inch (psi).)
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Primary air
all CDP air.
The CDP air which is actually used for combustion in a GTE; 25% of
Radiation
One type of heat transfer in which the thermal energy is transferred from one
body or substance which is not in physical contact with a second body or substance by random wave
motion.
Rankine
R
Degrees Rankine. An absolute temperature scale that is directly related to the
Fahrenheit temperature scale.
Reaction blading
The type of turbine blading which operates mainly on the
principle of action and reaction.
Revolutions per minute
rpm
A measure of the speed of rotation of a rotating body.
Secondary air
The portion of CDP air which is used to cool and center the flame of
combustion, 75% of all CDP air.
Second law of thermodynamics
Heat cannot, on its own accord, be made to flow
from a body or substance of lower temperature to a body or substance of higher temperature
in a continuous, self-sustaining process. More simply stated, heat transfer is from hot to cold.
Single-shaft engine
One of the simplest forms of GTE which has only one shaft and
three major components: (1) a compressor, (2) a combustor, and (3) a turbine.
Specific enthalpy
The total energy content of a mass of gas.
Specific heat c
The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a 1-pound
mass of a substance at 1 degree Fahrenheit (1 F).
cv
Specific heat at constant volume
cp
Specific heat at constant pressure
Speed N
Distance traveled per unit time. (Common units are expressed as feet per
second (ft/sec), miles per hour (mph), and revolutions per minute (rpm).)
Temperature T
A measure of the intensity of heat. (Normal units are expressed as
Fahrenheit (F) or Rankine (R) (where an absolute unit is required).)
Theta
The temperature correction factor.
Thermodynamics
or reaction of heat.
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Time t
A measured or measurable period during which an action, process, or condition
exists or continues.
Tip clang
The actual bending of the rotating blades used in an axial-flow
compressor when the pressures across the blades become excessive because of the turbulence
of stall. When these have enough pressure to cause them to physically bend, they can actually
contact the stationary vanes; when this occurs, the condition is known as tip clang.
Turbine inlet temperature TIT The temperature of the gases exiting the combustion
section of the engine and entering the turbine section.
Total energy Et
The algebraic sum of the potential and kinetic energy of a body or substance.
Velocity
vel
Speed in a given direction; a vector quantity. (Normal units are
expressed as feet per second (ft/sec) or revolutions per minute (rpm).)
Vector quantity
Volume
V
inches (in3).)
A quantity that has both magnitude and direction.

Cubic capacity. (Normal units are expressed as cubic feet (ft3) or cubic
Weight wt
A measure of the pull of gravity on a quantity of matter. (Normal units are expressed
as pound(s) (lb).)
Work W
Work is equal to the product of the force applied to an object, multiplied by the
distance through which the force acts.
Work rate brake
Wb
The actual output horsepower that is produced by an engine.
Work rate of compression

Wc
compressor sections of a GTE.
The calculated value of power required to drive the
Work rate turbine

Wt
The amount of work extracted from the hot gases in the turbine
section. This work must be utilized to drive both the compressor section and the engines load in the
single-shaft engine, and the value of work rate turbine is used only to drive the compressor in the splitshaft engines. (Normal units are expressed as horsepower (hp).)
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CONVERSION CHARTS
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32
F-000-00-60-001-00
GE Energy
F-000-00-60-001-00
GE Energy
33
34
F-000-00-60-001-00
GE Energy
Tab 18
Tab A
Tab B
CONTROL SYSTEM LAYOUT

SITE:
GE PACKAGED POWER, L.P.
MASTER - Replace with Customer Name
LOCATION MOBILE GENERATOR
***PRELIMINARY***
TURBINE: TM2500+ MICRONET PLUS / LINKNET
WOODWARD TO SUPPLY MATERIAL AND SPARE PARTS RECOMMENDATIONS FOR:

1
MICRONET FUEL MANAGEMENT AND SEQUENCER SYSTEM.
LOCAL MAIN MICRONET PLUS CHASSIS

BASED ON THE FOLLOWING OPERATING CONDITIONS:
X
-4 C
50 C
-40 C
CONTINUOUS DUTY COGENERATION SERVICE

OPERATING TEMPERATURE (MIN) (-20 C)
OPERATING TEMPERATURE (MAX) (55 C)
STORAGE TEMPERATURE (MIN) (-40 C)
80.0 C
95
X
4
STORAGE TEMPERATURE (MAX) (80 C)

% HUMIDITY (NON CONDENSING)
NON HAZARDOUS AREA
SEISMIC ZONE (UBC)
Copyright 2010
GE Packaged Power, L.P.
All rights reserved.
This drawing is the proprietary and/or confidential property of GE
Packaged Power, L.P. and is loaned in strict confidence with the
understanding that will not be reproduced nor used for any purpose
except that for which it is loaned. It shall be immediately returned
on demand and is subject to all other terms and conditions of any
written agreement or purchase order that incorporates or relates to
this drawing.
WOODWARD LOCAL MAIN CHASSIS

1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
0
1
WOODWARD LOCAL CONTROL SYSTEM CONSISTS OF:
14 SLOT MICRONET PLUS CHASIS VME RACK WITH FAN ASSEMBLY ------------------------------------ 5453-759
MICRONET CPU5200 (POWERPC MPC5200, 400MHZ, 64MB FLASH, 128MB RAM, DUAL CAN) ------- 5466-1035
POWER SUPPLY MODULE, 24 VDC INPUT POWER ---------------------------------------------------------------5466-1000
ANALOG I/O MODULE (2 X 12 ISOLATED ANALOG INPUTS - RTDs, OR 4-20mA,
OR TYPE K THERMOCOUPLES, AND OUTPUTS 2 X 4 -- 4-20mA PER) ---------------------------------------5466-425
MAGNETIC PICKUP MODULE (4 INPUTS PER) --------------------------------------------------------------------- 5464-658
ACTUATOR DRIVER/FDBK MODULE (2 ACT OUTPUTS PER) -------------------------------------------------- 5501-432
DISCRETE OUTPUT MODULE ( 64 CHANNELS) -------------------------------------------------------------------- 5464-654
ISOLATOR, ETHERNET PORT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5453-754
DRIVER BOX ASSM., FOR 3 DLE GAS FUEL VALVES ------------------------------------------------------------ 8301-706
LINKNET CONTROLLER MODULE------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5466-031
ORIGINATED: 10/10/07
PRINTED: 11/03/2014 03:10 p. m.
REV DATE: 01/25/10
1
1
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
15
28
7
SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT MODULE ( 4 PORTS) ----------------------------------------------------- 5466-348

DISCRETE I/O MODULE (2X24 INPUTS, 2X12 OUTPUTS PER) -------------------------------- 5466-258
SERIAL PORT ISOLATOR/CONVERTOR (RS-232 TO RS-485) ---------------------------------- 1784-575
REAL TIME SI/O MODULE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5466-328
PRESSURE XDUCER COMM INTERFACE MODULE --------------------------------------------- 5466-326
RACK SLOT COVER PLATES ---------------------------------------------------------------------------3799-301
NOTCH FILTER - 3 kHz ( 1 PER SYSTEM)------------------------------------------------------------ 5437-845
DRIVER BOX ASSM., FOR 4 DLE LIQ FUEL VALVES -------------------------------------------- 8301-714
10 AMP RELAY BOX (16 RELAYS PER BOX) ------------------------------------------------------5464-691
K TYPE THERMOCOUPLE TO 0-5 VOLT------------------------------------------------------------- 1784-653
NON-ISOLATED PASS THRU WITH 200 OHM RES. FOR 4-20ma LOOP-----------------------1784-659
MODULE, RTD, 100 OHM,PT---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1784-655
DWG NO: 752145 REV B

EC-75837
PAGE 1 OF 7

SITE:
***PRELIMINARY***

MIicroNet - 14 SLOT VME RACK - Fuel/Airflow Controller

RACK - FC1
POWER
SUPPLY
1PA1
2 SLOTS
SLOT 1
SLOT 2
SLOT 3
SLOT 4
SLOT 5
CPU
COVER
PLATE
COVER
PLATE
SPEED
SENSOR
MPU
SERIAL
I/O
5200
SLOT 7
DISCRETE
OUTPUT
SLOT 8
SLOT 9
ACTUATOR HI-DENS
TWO
ANALOG
CHANNEL
IN/OUT
SLOT 10
SLOT 11
SLOT 12
HI-DENS
ANALOG
IN/OUT
HI-DENS
DIST
ANALOG
I/O
IN/OUT NETWORK
SLOT 13
SLOT 14
COVER
PLATE
COVER
PLATE
COVER
PLATE
COVER
PLATE
RESERVED FOR
POWER SUPPLY
WIDE
4 CH
A1
W101-1
CABLES
SLOT 6
HI-DENS
SIMPLEX
DISCRETE
IN/OUT
MODULE
CONNECTORS
ENET1
ENET2
RTN1
RTN2
DEBUG
COM1
CAN1
CAN2
TERMINAL
BLOCKCONNECTOR
EISO1
ESWM1
A2
A3
A4
W104
4 CH
A5
W1009-1
UL1.1A4J1 UL1.1A5J1
UL1.1A5J2
UL1.1A5J3
UL1.1A5J4
FTM104
DMMF
2 X 24 IN
2 X 12 OUT
2 X 32 OUT
A6
W106-1
W106-2
A7
W107-1
W107-2
A8
W108
UL1.1A6J1
UL1.1A6J2
UL1.1A7J1
UL1.1A7J2
UL1.1A8J1
FTM106.1
FTM106.2
FTM107.1
FTM107.2
FTM108
24-IN/
8 OUT
24-IN/
8 OUT
24-IN/
8 OUT
A9
W109-1
W109-2
A10
W110-1
W110-2
A11
W111-2
UL1.1A9J1 UL1.1A10J1 UL1.1A11J1

UL1.1A9J2 UL1.1A10J2 UL1.1A11J2
FTM109.1
FTM109.2
FTM110.1
FTM110.2
2 SLOTS
A12
W112-1
W112-2
W112-3
A13
WIDE
A14
NTWK1
NTWK2
NTWK3
NTWK4
FTM111.2
NOTE: W107-2 is a jumper from one Relay Box to the other.
PRINTED: 11/03/2014 03:10 p. m.
REV DATE: 01/25/10

EC-75837
PAGE 2 OF 7

SITE:
***PRELIMINARY***

MicroNet Plus CABLE SCHEDULE
FOR LOCAL MicroNet MAIN CHASSIS
OTHER
CABLE
W101-1
W101-2
W101-3
W101-4
W101-5
W101-6
W101-7
W101-8
W104
W105-1
W105-2
W1009-1
W105-4
W106-1
W106-2
W107-1
W107-2
W108
W109-1
W109-2
W110-1
W110-2
W111-1
W111-2
W112-1
W112-2
W112-3
W112-4
QUANTITY
5417-041
LD DISC
12 FT
5417-040
LD DISC
10 FT
CABLE
5417-045
LD DISC
20 FT
TYPE
5417-029
LD ALG
12 FT
5417-175
HD
14 FT
5417-176
HD
16 FT
5417-177
HD
18 FT
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
FUNCTION
ETHERNET COM #1
ETHERNET COM #2
REAL TIME NETWORK #1
REAL TIME NETWORK #2
RS232 SERVICE PORT
RS232 / 422 / 485 PORT
CAN1
CAN2
SPEED SENSORS
RS232 PORT #1
RS232 PORT #2
RS232 / 422 / 485 PORT #3
RS232 / 422 / 485 PORT #4
HD DISCRETE I/O
HD DISCRETE I/O
RELAY OUT
RELAY OUT
ACTUATOR
HD ANALOG I/O # 1
HD ANALOG I/O # 2
HD ANALOG I/O # 1
HD ANALOG I/O # 2
HD ANALOG I/O # 1
HD ANALOG I/O # 2
LINKNET COM #1
LINKNET COM #2
LINKNET COM #3
LINKNET COM #4
TERMINAL BLOCK
AND CONNECTOR
ISOLATOR
FTM104
ANALOG
5437-523
DEVICE
DESIGNATION
HD ANALOG I/O
HD DISC I/O
ACT DVR
5441-695
5441-693
5437-672
16 RELAYS OUT
1751-6091
DMMF/VIB COMM
FTM106.1
FTM106.2
FTM107.1
FTM107.2
FTM108
FTM109.1
FTM109.2
FTM110.1
FTM110.2
FTM111.1
FTM111.2
MTTB - N101
M,GTB - N207
TCP - N340
TERM BLOCK QTY
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
ISOLATOR = 5453-754
PRINTED: 11/03/2014 03:10 p. m.
REV DATE: 01/25/10

EC-75837
PAGE 3 OF 7

SITE:
***PRELIMINARY***

LINKNET DISTRIBUTIVE I/O BLOCKS

DISTRIBUTIVE I/O BLOCKS
BASED ON THE FOLLOWING OPERATING CONDITIONS:
X
-25 C
60.0 C
-40 C
CONTINUOUS DUTY COGENERATION SERVICE

OPERATING TEMPERATURE (MIN) (-25 C)
OPERATING TEMPERATURE (MAX) (60 C)
STORAGE TEMPERATURE (MIN) (-40 C)
N101
B
LOOP 1
MTTB
TB
LOOP 2
MGTB
TB
LOOP 3
TCP/MCC
TB
N102
TB
4-20 mA
INPUT
100 OHM
RTD
N108
TB
100 OHM
RTD
N209
TB
100 OHM
RTD
N110
TB
100 OHM
RTD
N206
TB
N340
DISCRETE
DIGITAL
INPUT
N105
TB
4-20 mA
INPUT
N207
B
80.0 C
95
X
4
100 OHM
RTD
N119
TB
100 OHM
RTD
N212
TB
100 OHM
RTD
N103
TB
100 OHM
RTD
N217
TB
STORAGE TEMPERATURE (MAX) (80 C)

% HUMIDITY (NON CONDENSING)
UL RATED FOR CLASS 1 DIV 2 GROUP D AREA CLASSIFICATION
SEISMIC ZONE (UBC)
TERMINATOR
TB
4-20 mA
INPUT
TERMINATOR
TB
4-20 mA
INPUT
TERMINATOR
TB
LOOP 4
AUX SKID
NOT USED
WOODWARD DISTRIBUTIVE I/O BLOCKS

4
4-20mA INPUT MODULE (6 POINTS PER MODULE) (NON-ISOLATED) -------------------------------------- 9905-969
4-20mA INPUT MODULE (6 POINTS PER MODULE) (ISOLATED) ---------------------------- 9905-968
0
8
0
0
4-20mA OUTPUT MODULE (6 POINTS PER MODULE) ----------------------------------------------------------- 9905-972

100 OHM RTD MODULE (6 INPUTS PER MODULE) --------------------------------------------------------------- 9905-970
200 OHM RTD MODULE (6 INPUTS PER MODULE) --------------------------------------------------------------- 9905-678
TYPE K THERMOCOUPLE INPUT MODULE (6 ISOLATED INPUTS
PER MODULE) (FAIL HIGH) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9905-966
1
0
3
0
DIGITAL INPUT MODULE (16 POINTS PER MODULE) ------------------------------------------ 9905-971

DIGITAL OUTPUT MODULE (8 POINTS PER MODULE) ----------------------------------------- 9905-973
LOOP TERMINATOR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9905-760
TYPE K THERMOCOUPLE INPUT MODULE (6 ISOLATED INPUTS
PER MODULE) (FAIL LOW) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9905-967
PRINTED: 11/03/2014 03:10 p. m.
REV DATE: 01/25/10

EC-75837
PAGE 4 OF 7

SITE:
***PRELIMINARY***

TM2500 TURBINE OPERATING MODES:

X
X
ISOCHRONOUS
ISOCHRONOUS (LOAD SHARING)
DROOP
DROOP (FREQUENCY COMPENSATED)
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
N2 MINIMUM SPEED ----------------------------------N2 SPEED SWITCH 1 SET POINT ---------------------N2 SPEED SWITCH 2 SET POINT ---------------------N2 SPEED SWITCH 3 SET POINT ---------------------N2 OVERSPEED SWITCH 4 SET POINT -------------N2 FAILURE SPEED ------------------------------------DROOP CALIBRATION ----------------------------------
GAS FUEL
LIQUID FUEL
* = TUNABLE RANGE
N1 SPEED CONTROL:
N2 SPEED CONTROL:
1. N2 RPM/MPU FREQUENCY RATIO 1 RPM =------2. N2 ACTUAL SPEED READOUT CALIB 4mA =----20mA =
X
X
1.3833 Hz
0 RPM
5000 RPM
60 Hz
1800
3000
3598
3900
3960
500
5
RPM
RPM
RPM
RPM
RPM
RPM
%
50 Hz
1500
2500
2995
3250
3960
500
5
RPM (PT BREAKAWAY)

RPM
RPM (ENABLE SYNCHRONIZER)
RPM (* 3000,3400 PRE O/S ALM)
RPM (OVERSPEED SHUTDOWN)
RPM
%
1. RPM/MPU FREQUENCY RATIO -------------------------- 1 RPM

2. ACTUAL READOUT CALIBRATION ----------------------- 4mA
20mA =
3. a. N1 SPEED SWITCH 1 SET POINT (GAS) ------------------------b. N1 SPEED SWITCH 1 SET POINT (LIQ) ------------------------4. N1 SPEED SWITCH 2 SET POINT ----------------------------------5. N1 SPEED SWITCH 3 SET POINT ----------------------------------6. N1 SPEED SWITCH 4 SET POINT ----------------------------------7. N1 SPEED SWITCH ---------------------------------------------------8. N1 FAILURE SPEED POINT ------------------------------------------
0.783294
0
12000
1700
1200
4500
5000
10100
10200
500
Hz
RPM
RPM
RPM (FUEL & IGN ON "GAS")
RPM (FUEL & IGN ON "LIQ")
RPM (STARTER CUT-OFF)
RPM (IDLE)
RPM (OVERSPEED ALARM)
RPM (OVERSPEED SHUTDOWN)
RPM
N1 SPEED REFERENCE:
N2 SPEED REFERENCE:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
N2
N2
N2
N2
N2
N2
N2
N2
UPPER LIMIT -----------------------------------------POSITION 1 CONTROL POINT -------------------POSITION 2 CONTROL POINT -------------------LOWER LIMIT ---------------------------------------SLOW RATE ----------------------------------------MEDIUM RATE --------------------------------------FAST RATE -------------------------------------------REFERENCE READOUT CALIB 4mA = -----20mA =
3852
3600
3634
3200
6
8
12
0
5000
RPM
RPM
RPM
RPM
RPM/SEC
RPM/SEC
RPM/SEC
RPM
RPM
3210
3000
3034
2666
6
8
12
RPM
RPM
RPM
RPM
RPM/SEC
RPM/SEC
RPM/SEC
* SEE NOTE 1 BELOW
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
9.
N1 UPPER LIMIT ------------------------------------------------------N1 POSITION 2 CONTROL POINT ---------------------------------N1 POSITION 3 CONTROL POINT ---------------------------------N1 LOWER LIMIT -----------------------------------------------------N1 SLOW RATE -------------------------------------------------------N1 MEDIUM RATE ---------------------------------------------------N1 FAST RATE ---------------------------------------------------------
10500
5300
5300
5000
30
60
120
RPM
RPM
RPM
RPM (* 5000,5500)
RPM/SEC
RPM/SEC
RPM/SEC
NOTE:
* 1: TUNABLE (60 Hz 3600,3900)
(50 Hz 3000,3250)
PRINTED: 11/03/2014 03:10 p. m.
REV DATE: 01/25/10

EC-75837
PAGE 5 OF 7

SITE:
***PRELIMINARY***

TEMPERATURE CONTROL: T48
60 Hz
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
THERMOCOUPLE TYPE K
T48 SWITCH 1 SETPOINT -------------------------T48 SWITCH 2 SETPOINT -------------------------T48 SWITCH 3 SETPOINT -------------------------T48 SWITCH 4 SETPOINT -------------------------T48 FAILURE OVERRIDE SETPOINT ----------T48 FAILURE LEVEL -------------------------------T48 SPREAD CHECK -------------------------------T48 GAS FUEL DRY --------------------------------T48 LIQ FUEL DRY --------------------------------10. T48 GAS FUEL WET TO 42 PPM NOX ---------T48 LIQ FUEL WET TO 42 PPM NOX ----------11. T48 GAS FUEL WET 25/42 PPM NOX ----------T48 LIQ FUEL WET 25/42 PPM NOX ------------12. T48 OVERTEMP DRY -----------------------------T48 OVERTEMP WET TO 42 PPM NOX--------T48 OVERTEMP WET 25/42 PPM NOX----------
PRINTED: 11/03/2014 03:10 p. m.
REV DATE: 01/25/10
200
400
1150
1200
400
400
200
1540
1565
1530
1555
1520
1545
1575
1565
1555
50 Hz
DEG F
DEG F
DEG F
DEG F
DEG F
DEG F
DEG F
DEG F
DEG F
DEG F
DEG F
DEG F
DEG F
DEG F
DEG F
DEG F
200
400
1150
1200
400
400
200
1525
1550
1515
1540
1505
1530
1575
1565
1555
DEG F (WATER WASH ENABLE)

DEG F (FAIL TO FIRE/FLAME OUT)
DEG F (START OVERTEMP ALARM)
DEG F (START OVERTEMP SHUTDOWN)
DEG F
DEG F
DEG F (SPREAD ALARM)
DEG F (* 1480-1540)(* 1480-1525)(RUN PRE-OVERTEMP ALARM)
DEG F (RUN OVERTEMP SHUTDOWN)

EC-75837
PAGE 6 OF 7

SITE:
***PRELIMINARY***
A
B
B
B
B
B
REVISION
INITIAL ISSUE
UPDATED CABLES ON SHEET 2
UPDATED MODULE CONNECTORS ON SHEET 2
UPDATED TERMINAL BLOCK CONNECTORS ON SHEET 2
UPDATED CABLE SCHEDULE ON SHEET 3
UPDATED ORDER ON LINKNET DISTRIBUTIVE I/O BLOCKS
DATE
10/10/07 ML
01/25/10 HS
01/25/10 HS
01/25/10 HS
01/25/10 HS
01/25/10 HS
===== END =================
PRINTED: 11/03/2014 03:10 p. m.
REV DATE: 01/25/10

EC-75837
PAGE 7 OF 7
WORKSHEET, CONTROL SYSTEM
SITE: ECOPETROL
SH 1
TM2500 - MICRONET PLUS CONTROL - System 50 Deg C Option

R
SIGNAL
E
V FUNCTION
ITEM
SOURCE/
DESTINATION
CHASSIS
IN/
OUT
CABLE
BOARD
CHANNEL NUMBER
TYPE
Copyright 2013
GE Packaged Power, L.P. All rights reserved.
This drawing is the proprietary information of GE Packaged Power, L.P. and is loaned in strict confidence with the understanding that it will not
be reproduced nor used for any purpose except that for which it is loaned. It shall be immediately returned on demand and is subject to all other
terms and conditions of any written agreement or purchase order that incorporates or relates to this drawing.
FTM TERMINALS
TERMINAL
FUNCTION
COMMENTS
*** PROPRIETARY INFORMATION ***

PACKAGE - LOCAL
ANALOG
INP UTS/OUTP UTS
1111-
1
2
3
4
GAS GENERATOR ROTOR SPEED (NGGA)

POWER TURBINE ROTOR SPEED (NPTA)
GAS GENERATOR ROTOR SPEED (NGGB)
POWER TURBINE ROTOR SPEED (NPTB)
SE-8000A
SE-8002A
SE-8000B
SE-8002B
IN
IN
IN
IN
MAG
MAG
MAG
MAG
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
1
2
3
4
W104
W104
W104
W104
W104
2222222222222222-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
PT INLET TEMP (T48A)

PT INLET TEMP (T48B)
PT INLET TEMP (T48C)
PT INLET TEMP (T48D)
(T3A2) GG COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE TEMP
(T3B2) GG COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE TEMP
TURBINE GAS FUEL SUPPLY FLOW
TURBINE LIQ FUEL PUMP SUPPLY
TURBINE LUBE OIL TANK
TURBINE LIQ FUEL PRIMARY MANIFOLD
TURBINE LIQ FUEL SECONDARY MANIFOLD
TURBINE NOX WATER INJECTION PUMP SUPPLY
TURBINE NOX WATER INJ METERING VALVE POSITION DEMAND
TURBINE FUEL GAS METERING VALVE POSITION DEMAND
TURBINE HYDRAULIC STARTER PUMP PISTON
GENERATOR MEGAWATT (TO CUSTOMER)
TE-8043A
TE-8043B
TE-8043C
TE-8043D
TE-8038C
TE-8038D
FT-2000
PT-2021
TE-1013
PT-2029
PT-2030
PT-2074
ZC-2019
ZC-2001
SOV-6019
MW
IN1
IN2
IN3
IN4
IN5
IN6
IN7
IN8
IN9
IN10
IN11
IN12
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
TYPE K
TYPE K
TYPE K
TYPE K
TYPE K
TYPE K
4-20
4-20
RTD
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
W109-1
W109-1
W109-1
W109-1
W109-1
W109-1
W109-1
W109-1
W109-1
W109-1
W109-1
W109-1
W109-1
W109-1
W109-1
W109-1
W109-1
FTM109.1FTM109.1FTM109.1FTM109.1FTM109.1FTM109.1FTM109.1FTM109.1FTM109.1FTM109.1FTM109.1FTM109.1FTM109.1FTM109.1FTM109.1FTM109.1FTM109.1-
15/14/16
21/20/22
27/26/28
33/32/34
39/38/40
45/44/46
54/51/52
60/57/58
61/62/63/64
72/69/70
78/75/76
84/81/82
1/2/3
4/5/6
7/8/9
10/11/12
86
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
X/-/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
GROUND
2222222222222222-
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
EXCITER FIELD VOLTS

EXCITER FIELD AMPS
BUS VOLTAGE (RUNNING)
BUS FREQUENCY
GENERATOR VOLTAGE (INCOMING)
AIR INLET FILTER (COMBUSTION)
AIR INLET FILTER (VENTILATION)
TURBINE HYDRAULIC STARTER OIL TANK
TURBINE HYDRAULIC STARTER OIL TANK
POWER TURBINE INLET (P48)
TURBINE COMP DISCHARGE (PS3A)
HIGH PRESSURE RECOUP (RIGHT)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
GENERATOR MVAR (TO CUSTOMER)
GENERATOR VOLTAGE (INCOMING) (TO CUSTOMER)
EVX
EAX
BVX
BFX
GVX
PDT-4005
PDT-4004
LT-6001
TE-6003
PT-8060
PT-8004A
PT-8064
IN13
IN14
IN15
IN16
IN17
IN18
IN19
IN20
IN21
IN22
IN23
IN24
OUT5
OUT6
OUT7
OUT8
4-20S
4-20S
4-20S
4-20S
4-20S
4-20
4-20
4-20
RTD
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
5
6
7
8
W109-2
W109-2
W109-2
W109-2
W109-2
W109-2
W109-2
W109-2
W109-2
W109-2
W109-2
W109-2
W109-2
W109-2
W109-2
W109-2
W109-2
15/14/16
21/20/22
27/26/28
33/32/34
39/38/40
48/45/46
54/51/52
60/57/58
61/62/63/64
72/69/70
78/75/76
84/81/82
1/2/3
4/5/6
7/8/9
10/11/12
86
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
X/-/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
GROUND
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
MVAR
GVX
FTM104FTM104FTM104FTM104FTM104-
20/21/2
22/23/4
24/25/6
26/27/8
37
PACKAGE - LOCAL
ANALOG INPUTS/OUTPUTS
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
GROUND
Ratio 1 RPM = 0.783294 Hz

OPTION - LM2500+/LM2500 BASE

OPTION - LM2500+
SIGNAL TO CUSTOMER
SIGNAL TO CUSTOMER
SIGNAL TO CUSTOMER
DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV A

EC-10013
SHEET 1 OF 6, PAGE 1 OF 16
SITE: ECOPETROL
SH 1

R
SIGNAL
E
V FUNCTION
ITEM
SOURCE/
DESTINATION
CHASSIS
IN/
OUT
TYPE
Copyright 2013
CABLE
BOARD
CHANNEL NUMBER
FTM TERMINALS
TERMINAL
FUNCTION
COMMENTS

PACKAGE - LOCAL
ANALOG
INP UTS/OUTP UTS
3333333333333333-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
PT INLET TEMP (T48E)

PT INLET TEMP (T48F)
PT INLET TEMP (T48G)
PT INLET TEMP (T48H)
(T3B1) GG COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE TEMP
TURBINE LIQ FUEL METERING VALVE POSITION
TURBINE LIQ FUEL SUPPLY
TURBINE NOX WATER INJECTION SUPPLY
TURBINE NOX WATER INJECTION METERING VALVE POSITION
TURBINE COMBUSTOR FLAME DETECTOR A
TURBINE GAS FUEL METERING VALVE POSITION
TURBINE COMBUSTOR FLAME DETECTOR B
(RESERVE)
(RESERVE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
TE-8043E
TE-8043F
TE-8043G
TE-8043H
TE-8038B
ZC-2018
FT-2002
FT-2003
ZC-2019
BE-8022A
ZS-2001
BE-8022B
IN1
IN2
IN3
IN4
IN5
IN6
IN7
IN8
IN9
IN10
IN11
IN12
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
TYPE K
TYPE K
TYPE K
TYPE K
TYPE K
4-20S
4-20
4-20
4-20S
4-20
4-20S
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
W110-1
W110-1
W110-1
W110-1
W110-1
W110-1
W110-1
W110-1
W110-1
W110-1
W110-1
W110-1
W110-1
W110-1
W110-1
W110-1
W110-1
15/14/16
21/20/22
27/26/28
33/32/34
39/38/40
45/44/46
51/50/52
57/56/58
63/62/64
72/69/70
75/74/76
84/81/82
1/2/3
4/5/6
7/8/9
10/11/12
86
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
GROUND

OPTION - LM2500+
3333333333333333-
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
(T3A1) GG COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE

LIQUID FUEL PRIMARY MANIFOLD
LIQUID FUEL SECONDARY MANIFOLD
TURBINE HYDRAULIC STARTER OIL RETURN
TURBINE LIQUID FUEL SUPPLY
(SPARE)
TURBINE WATER WASH TANK
TURBINE LIQUID FUEL SUPPLY FILTER
TURBINE GAS FUEL FILTER
GENERATOR MEGAWATT
TURBINE COMP DISCHARGE (PS3B)
TURBINE NOX WATER INJECTION PUMP DISCHARGE
(SPARE)
TURBINE LIQ FUEL METERING VALVE POSITION DEMAND
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
TE-8038A
TE-2034
TE-2035
TE-6002
TE-2024
IN13
IN14
IN15
IN16
IN17
IN18
IN19
IN20
IN21
IN22
IN23
IN24
OUT5
OUT6
OUT7
OUT8
TYPE K
TYPE K
TYPE K
RTD
RTD
TYPE K
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
RTD
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
5
6
7
8
W110-2
W110-2
W110-2
W110-2
W110-2
W110-2
W110-2
W110-2
W110-2
W110-2
W110-2
W110-2
W110-2
W110-2
W110-2
W110-2
W110-2
15/14/16
21/20/22
27/26/28
31/32/33/34
37/38/39/40
45/44/46
54/51/52
60/57/58
66/63/64
72/69/70
78/75/76
79/80/81/82
1/2/3
4/5/6
7/8/9
10/11/12
86
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
X/-/+/SHLD
X/-/+/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
X/-/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
-/+/SHLD
GROUND
OPTION - LM2500+/LM2500 BASE ES30A/E30A PLUS / ES30/E30 BASE
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
LT-5042
PDT-2020
PDT-2063
WX
PT-8004B
TE-2037
ZC-2018
PACKAGE - LOCAL
DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV A

EC-10013
SITE: ECOPETROL
SH 1

R
SIGNAL
E
V FUNCTION
ITEM
SOURCE/
DESTINATION
CHASSIS
IN/
OUT
CABLE
BOARD
CHANNEL NUMBER
TYPE
Copyright 2013
FTM TERMINALS
TERMINAL
FUNCTION
COMMENTS

PACKAGE - LOCAL
4444444444444444-
4444444444444444-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
ANALOG
INP UTS/OUTP UTS
(SPARE FTM POSITION)

LPC INLET TEMPERATURE (T2A)

LPC INLET TEMPERATURE (T2B)
DELTA 12
DELTA 12
DELTA 12
AIR INLET FILTER AMBIENT HUMIDITY
AIR INLET FILTER AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (T0)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(RESERVE)
AIR INLET FILTER AMBIENT HUMIDITY
AIR INLET FILTER AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (T0)
LPC INLET TEMPERATURE (T2)
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
IN1
IN2
IN3
IN4
IN5
IN6
IN7
IN8
IN9
IN10
IN11
IN12
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
TE-8015A
TE-8015B
TE-8044I
TE-8044J
TE-8044K
MT-4000
TT-4000
MT-4000
TT-4000
TE-8015
IN13
IN14
IN15
IN16
IN17
IN15
IN16
IN20
IN21
IN22
IN23
IN24
OUT5
OUT6
OUT7
OUT8
RTD
RTD
TYPE K
TYPE K
TYPE K
4-20
4-20
4-20S
4-20S
4-20S
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
5
6
7
8
W111-1
W111-1
W111-1
W111-1
W111-1
W111-1
W111-1
W111-1
W111-1
W111-1
W111-1
W111-1
W111-1
W111-1
W111-1
W111-1
W111-1
15/14/16
21/20/22
27/26/28
33/32/34
39/38/40
45/44/46
54/51/52
6057/58
63/62/64
72/69/70
75/74/76
84/81/82
1/2/3
4/5/6
7/8/9
10/11/12
86
W111-2
W111-2
W111-2
W111-2
W111-2
W111-2
W111-2
W111-2
W111-2
W111-2
W111-2
W111-2
W111-2
W111-2
W111-2
W111-2
W111-2
13/14/15/16
19/20/21/22
27/26/28
33/32/34
39/38/40
45/44/48
54/51/52
6057/58
63/62/64
72/69/70
75/74/76
84/81/82
1/2/3
4/5/6
7/8/9
10/11/12
86
PACKAGE - LOCAL
GROUND
X/-/+/SHLD
X/-/+/SHLD
X/-/+/SHLD
X/-/+/SHLD
X/-/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
OPTION - LM2500+/LM2500 BASE 100 OHM PLUS / 200 OHM BASE

OPTION - LM2500+/LM2500 BASE 100 OHM PLUS / 200 OHM BASE
OPTION - LM2500 BASE
OPT: WEATHER STATION
OPT: WEATHER STATION
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
GROUND
OPT: WEATHER STATION CUSTOMER OUTPUT

DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV A

EC-10013
SITE: ECOPETROL
SH 1

R
SIGNAL
E
V FUNCTION
ITEM
SOURCE/
DESTINATION
CHASSIS
IN/
OUT
CABLE
BOARD
CHANNEL NUMBER
TYPE
Copyright 2013
FTM TERMINALS
TERMINAL
FUNCTION
COMMENTS

PACKAGE - LOCAL
555555555555-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
ANALOG
INP UTS/OUTP UTS
VSV ACTUATOR TORQ MOTOR

VSV LVDT EXCITATION (LEFT/RIGHT)
VSV A LVDT RETURN (LEFT,SEC 1)
VSV A LVDT RETURN (LEFT,SEC 2)
VSV B LVDT RETURN (RIGHT,SEC 1)
VSV B LVDT RETURN (RIGHT,SEC 2)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
FCV-8073
ZE-8073A/B
ZE-8073A
ZE-8073A
ZE-8073B
ZE-8073B
OUT
OUT
IN
IN
IN
IN
OUT
OUT
IN
IN
IN
IN
ANALOG
ANALOG
ANALOG
ANALOG
ANALOG
ANALOG
ANALOG
ANALOG
ANALOG
ANALOG
ANALOG
ANALOG
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
W108
W108
W108
W108
W108
W108
W108
W108
W108
W108
W108
W108
W108
FTM108FTM108FTM108FTM108FTM108FTM108FTM108FTM108FTM108FTM108FTM108FTM108FTM108-
2/3/1
5/6/4
8/9/7
11/12/10
14/15/13
17/18/16
20/21/22
23/24/25
26/27/28
29/30/31
32/33/34
35/36/38
37
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
OPTION - LM2500+ (MIN CURRENT = MIN POSITION)

GROUND
DATE
6/11/13 MR
REVISION LIST
A ORIGINAL RELEASE
NOTE: USE "GRAY" CELL COLOR FILL IN REVISION LIST FOR CELLS THAT HAVE FORMULAS CHANGED DURING A REVISION.
===== END ====================
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
PACKAGE - LOCAL
DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV A

EC-10013
ITEM
111111111111111111111111111111111111-
SITE: ECOPETROL
SH 2
Copyright 2013

R
SIGNAL
E
V
SOURCE/
DESTINATION
FUNCTION
CHASSIS
IN/
OUT

L O C A L D I G I T A L D I S C R E T E I N P U TS / O U T P U T S
REFER TO SHEET 5 FOR NOTES
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
ES3
AVR
K100/SS
AVR
SAS/CUSTOMER
SAS/CUSTOMER
A17
AVR
AVR
AVR
VIB-SYS
VIB-SYS
VIB-SYS
K67A
K1
F&G
F&G
F&G
F&G
K230A
K229A
SSW1/2
ESAS,ESGR,ESTR
AVR
CRIT PATH
CRIT PATH
CRIT PATH
VIB MON
K85
K83
A15
K28
K5/K115
HORN
VIB MON
K81
LOCAL EMERGENCY STOP

GEN AVR SUMMARY ALARM
AUTO/MANUAL SYNC
GEN MANUAL EXCITATION/AUTO AVR SELECTED
RAISE XNSD SPEED (MANUAL)
LOWER XNSD SPEED (MANUAL)
GEN ZERO SPEED SWITCH
GENERATOR EXCITATION LIMITER OPERATION
GENERATOR EXCITER DIODE FAILURE
GENERATOR AVR FAULT
VIBRATION SUMMARY ALARM
VIBRATION SUMMARY SHUTDOWN
VIBRATION SYSTEM MALFUNCTION
ISOC./DROOP CONTROL
CRITICAL PATH SHUTDOWN
FIRE/GAS MONITOR SHUTDOWN
ALARM L.E.L. - TURB ROOM
SHUTDOWN L.E.L. - TURB ROOM
FIRE/GAS MONITOR FAILURE
GEN BREAKER OPEN
GEN BREAKER CLOSED
TURBINE EXTERNAL OVERSPEED
REMOTE EMERGENCY STOP
GEN AVR EXCITATION TRIPPED
DPS3/DT TRIP
T48 OVERTEMP
GOVERNOR SHUTDOWN
VIBRATION TRIP MULTIPLY
CIRCUIT BREAKER CONTROL
TURBINE INGITOR CONTROL
FUEL SYSTEM INITIALIZE
SYNCHRONIZER ENABLE
SYSTEM RESET (VIB/ESD BUS)
HORN
INHIBIT VIBRATION MONITOR
TURBINE RUNNING /READY
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
IN1
IN2
IN3
IN4
IN5
IN6
IN7
IN8
IN9
IN10
IN11
IN12
IN13
IN14
IN15
IN16
IN17
IN18
IN19
IN20
IN21
IN22
IN23
IN24
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
OUT5
OUT6
OUT7
OUT8
OUT9
OUT10
OUT11
OUT12
ACTION
ACTIVE
SIGNAL
SWITCH
WIRED
CONTROL
VOLTAGE
FSLO
ALARM
CONTROL
STATUS
CONTROL
CONTROL
INTLK
ALARM
ALARM
ALARM
ALARM
FSLO
ALARM
STATUS
FSLO
FSLO
ALARM
FSLO
ALARM
STATUS
STATUS
FSLO
FSLO
ALARM
FSLO
FSLO
FSLO
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
STATUS
0
0
1
1/0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0/1
1#
1
1
1
1
1
1
N.O.
N.C.
*
N.O./N.C.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.C.
N.C.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.C.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.C.
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
BOARD
CHANNEL
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
CABLE
NUMBER
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
W106-1
FTM
TERMINALS
FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1FTM106.1-
1/25
2/26
3/27
4/28
5/29
6/30
7/31
8/32
9/33
10/34
11/35
12/36
13/37
14/38
15/39
16/40
17/41
18/42
19/43
20/44
21/45
22/46
23/47
24/48
K1-51/52/53
K2-54/55/56
K3-57/58/59
K4-60/61/62
K5-63/64/65
K6-66/67/68
K7-69/70/71
K8-72/73/74
K9-75/76/77
K10-78/79/80
K11-81/82/83
K12-84/85/86
TB8-49
TB9-A
TB3-87
TB3-88
LOCAL DIGITAL DISCRETE INPUTS/OUTPUTS
TERMINALS
FUNCTION
COMMENTS
IN/+24VDC
N.O.= SHUTDOWN (PULL)
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
* AUTO = 1, MANUAL = 0
IN/+24VDC
0 = MANUAL EXCITER; 1 = MVAR
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
0 RPM = 1; POWER UP CHANGES RELAY
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
0 = DROOP; 1 = ISOC
IN/+24VDC
1 = ENABLE; 0 = SHUTDOWN
IN/+24VDC
FIRE DET - CHANGES STATE ON POWER UP
IN/+24VDC
TURN ON ALL FANS
IN/+24VDC
SHUTDOWN UNIT-LEAVE FANS ON
IN/+24VDC
FIRE SYS PWR AND OK SWITCH CLOSED
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
NOTE 6
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
N.O.= SHUTDOWN (PUSH)
IN/+24VDC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
0 = TRIP BKR , 1 = BKR CLOSE PERMISSIVE
COM/NO/NC
FOR BE-8016A & BE-8016B
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
CONTROLS HE-4050/51
+24VDC FIELD CONTACT POWER COMMON
+24VDC FIELD CONTACT POWER
+24VDC RELAY POWER
+24VDC RELAY POWER COMMON
DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV A

EC-10013
ITEM
SITE: ECOPETROL
SH 2
Copyright 2013

R
SIGNAL
E
V
SOURCE/
DESTINATION
FUNCTION

111111111111111111111111111111111111-
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
HAND SWITCH TURBINE WATER WASH CONTROL STATION

GEN DC LUBE PUMP CONTROL NOT IN AUTO POS
GEN ROTOR GROUND FAULT
TURBINE START
TURBINE STOP
MCC 50/60 Hz SELECTOR SWITCH
BATTERY CHARGER FAILURE - DC
BATTERY CHARGER FAILURE - AC
LO BATTERY VOLTAGE
BATTERY CHARGER GROUND FAULT
SWGR 50/60 Hz SELECTOR SWITCH
GEN 86 LOCAL TRIP
START SKID MOTOR STARTER AUX CONTACT
RAISE XNSD SPEED (DSM)
LOWER XNSD SPEED (DSM)
IGPS 52G TRIP
IGPS FAULT ALARM
IGPS FAILURE
IGPS POWER SUPPLY ALARM
LOCAL/REMOTE CONTROL SELECTION
FIRE SUPPRESSANT AGENT (CO2) DISCHARGE
GAS FUEL METERING VALVE DRIVER FAILURE
LIQUID FUEL METERING VALVE DRIVER FAILURE
NOX WATER METERING VALVE DRIVER FAILURE
RAISE VOLTAGE CUSTOMER
LOWER VOLTAGE CUSTOMER
(RESERVE)
(SPARE)
VOLTAGE REGULATOR EXCITATION ON
VAR SHED CONTROL
VOLTAGE REGULATOR RESET
SD/RESET GAS FUEL METERING VLV CONTROL
SD/RESET NOX WATER METERING VLV CONTROL
SD/RESET LIQUID FUEL METERING VLV CONTROL
ACTUATOR MOTOR FORWARD - OPEN
ACTUATOR MOTOR REVERSE - CLOSED
2222222222222222-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
(SPARE)
TURBINE/GENERATOR LUBE OIL HEAT EXCHANGER FAN A
TURBINE/GENERATOR LUBE OIL HEAT EXCHANGER FAN B
(SPARE)
TURBINE WATER WASH PUMP
TURB ENCLOSURE VENT FAN (A)
TURB ENCLOSURE VENT FAN (B)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
TURBINE HYDRAULIC STARTER PUMP
TURBINE WATER INJECTION PUMP
TURBINE LIQUID FUEL PUMP
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
GEN DC LUBE OIL PUMP
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
CHASSIS
IN/
OUT
ACTIVE
SIGNAL
SWITCH
WIRED
CONTROL
VOLTAGE
1
0
0
1
1
*
0
0
0
0
*
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
N.O.
*N.O.
N.C.
N.O.
N.O.
N.C.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.C.
N.O.
N.O.
N.C.
N.O.
N.O.
N.C.
N.C.
N.O.
N.C.
N.O.
N.C.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
TCP
TCP
TCP
GTG SKID
GTG SKID
GTG SKID
1/0
1
1
1/0
1/0
1/0
1
1
N.O./N.C.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
CONTROL
CONTROL
1
1
N.O.
N.O.
+125VDC
+125VDC
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
1
1
1
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
+125VDC
+125VDC
+125VDC
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
1#
1
1
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
+125VDC
+125VDC
+125VDC
CONTROL
N.C.
+125VDC
ACTION
BOARD
CHANNEL
CABLE
NUMBER
FTM
TERMINALS
TERMINALS
FUNCTION
COMMENTS

HS-5005
DC STARTER
RGF
TSS
TSS
MCC
CHG.
CHG.
CHG.
CHG.
SWGR
SWBD
MCC
DSM
DSM
IGPS
IGPS
IGPS
IGPS
LRS
PSHH-3048
ZC-2001
ZC-2018
ZC-2019
K22
K23
AVR
AVR
AVR
ZC-2001
ZC-2019
ZC-2018
MOT-4276-1
MOT-4276-2
MOT-1076A
MOT-1076B
MOT-5035
MOT-4017A
MOT-4017B
MOT-6015
MOT-2075
MOT-2022
MOT-0034
IN25
IN26
IN27
IN28
IN29
IN30
IN31
IN32
IN33
IN34
IN35
IN36
IN37
IN38
IN39
IN40
IN41
IN42
IN43
IN44
IN45
IN46
IN47
IN48
OUT13
OUT14
OUT15
OUT16
OUT17
OUT18
OUT19
OUT20
OUT21
OUT22
OUT23
OUT24
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
OUT5
OUT6
OUT7
OUT8
OUT9
OUT10
OUT11
OUT12
OUT13
OUT14
OUT15
OUT16
ALARM
ALARM
STATUS
ALARM
ALARM
CDLO
ALARM
STATUS
FSLO
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
ALARM
ALARM
CDLO
ALARM
AVR
AVR
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
W106-2
FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2FTM106.2-
1/25
2/26
3/27
4/28
5/29
6/30
7/31
8/32
9/33
10/34
11/35
12/36
13/37
14/38
15/39
16/40
17/41
18/42
19/43
20/44
21/45
22/46
23/47
24/48
K1-51/52/53
K2-54/55/56
K3-57/58/59
K4-60/61/62
K5-63/64/65
K6-66/67/68
K7-69/70/71
K8-72/73/74
K9-75/76/77
K10-78/79/80
K11-81/82/83
K12-84/85/86
TB8-49
TB9-A
TB3-87
TB3-88
IN/+24VDC
FIRST SELECT WATER WASH ON KEYPAD TO USE
IN/+24VDC
* WIRE N.O. CONT. OF "AUTO" POSITION ON CNTRL SWITCH - 1 = AUTO POSITION (MOT-0034)
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
*50 Hz=0; 60 Hz=1
IN/+24VDC
D.C. OUTPUT FAILED
IN/+24VDC
A.C. SUPPLY FAILED
IN/+24VDC
LOW BATTERY VOLTAGE
IN/+24VDC
BATTERY SYSTEM GROUNDED
IN/+24VDC
*50 Hz=0; 60 Hz=1
IN/+24VDC
CONTACT OPEN WHEN 86 TRIPPED
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
ACTIVE DURING AUTOMATIC SYNCH ONLY
IN/+24VDC
ACTIVE DURING AUTOMATIC SYNCH ONLY
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
1 = REMOTE; 0 = LOCAL
IN/+24VDC
MAIN CO2 RELEASE ALARM & SHUT DOWN
IN/+24VDC
NOTE 5
IN/+24VDC
NOTE 5
IN/+24VDC
NOTE 5
COM/NO/NC
ONLY ACTIVE WHEN IN REMOTE CONTROL (PULSE OUT)
COM/NO/NC
ONLY ACTIVE WHEN IN REMOTE CONTROL (PULSE OUT)
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
ACTIVATE ON NORMAL STOP
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
1=ENABLE; 0=SD GAS; 1-0-1 = RESET - NOTE 5
COM/NO/NC
1=ENABLE; 0=SD NOX; 1-0-1 = RESET - NOTE 5
COM/NO/NC
1=ENABLE; 0=SD LIQUID; 1-0-1 = RESET - NOTE 5
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
+24VDC FIELD CONTACT POWER COMMON
+24VDC FIELD CONTACT POWER
+24VDC RELAY POWER
+24VDC RELAY POWER COMMON
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
W107-1
W107-1
W107-1
W107-1
W107-1
W107-1
W107-1
W107-1
W107-1
W107-1
W107-1
W107-1
W107-1
W107-1
W107-1
W107-1
FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1FTM107.1-
1/2/3
4/5/6
7/8/9
10/11/12
13/14/15
16/17/18
19/20/21
22/23/24
25/26/27
28/29/30
31/32/33
34/35/36
37/38/39
40/41/42
43/44/45
49/50/51
55
56
57
58
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
+ 24 VDC POWER
+ 24 VDC POWER COMMON
+ 24 VDC POWER
NOTE 4
NOTE 4
OPT-NPOS-JS WAS K80
DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV A

EC-10013
ITEM
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
333333333333333333333333333333333333-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
Copyright 2013

R
SIGNAL
E
V
SOURCE/
DESTINATION
FUNCTION

2222222222222222-
SITE: ECOPETROL
SH 2
TURBINE GAS FUEL DOWNSTREAM BLOCK VALVE

TURBINE GAS FUEL UPSTREAM BLOCK VALVE / VENT VALVE
TURBINE LIQUID FUEL UPSTREAM BLOCK VALVE
TURBINE LIQUID FUEL DOWNSTREAM BLOCK VALVE
TURBINE LIQUID FUEL PRIMARY MANIFOLD DRAIN VALVE
TURBINE LIQUID FUEL SECONDARY MANIFOLD DRAIN VALVE
DEMIN WATER BLOCK VALVE DOWNSTREAM / UPSTREAM
TURB WATER WASH OFF-LINE SUPPLY ENABLE VALVE
IGPS POWER SELECT 50 Hz
IGPS POWER SELECT 60 Hz
MTTB1 CABINET COOLING
MGTB1 CABINET COOLING
TURBINE HYDRAULIC STARTER OIL TANK HEATER
GENERATOR LUBE OIL TANK
TURBINE LUBE OIL TANK
(SPARE)
SOV-2004
SOV-2006/2008
SOV-2012
SOV-2018
SOV-2009
SOV-2010
SOV-2017/2016
SOV-5032
IGPS1
IGPS2
K347
K365
HE-6010
HE-0005
HE-1004
MCC_GFEP
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
AMBIENT ICING CONDITIONS EXIST
CUSTOMER
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
ACTION
ACTIVE
SIGNAL
SWITCH
WIRED
CONTROL
VOLTAGE
BOARD
CHANNEL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
(1#)
1#
1#
(1#)
1
1
1#
1#
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+125VDC
+125VDC
+125VDC
+24VDC
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
+24VDC
120 VAC
120 VAC
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
CABLE
NUMBER
TERMINALS
FUNCTION
FTM
TERMINALS
W107-2
W107-2
W107-2
W107-2
W107-2
W107-2
W107-2
W107-2
W107-2
W107-2
W107-2
W107-2
W107-2
W107-2
W107-2
W107-2
FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2FTM107.2-
1/2/3
4/5/6
7/8/9
10/11/12
13/14/15
16/17/18
19/20/21
22/23/24
25/26/27
28/29/30
31/32/33
34/35/36
37/38/39
40/41/42
43/44/45
49/50/51
55
56
57
58
OUT/+24VDC
OUT/+24VDC
OUT/+24VDC
OUT/+24VDC
OUT/+24VDC
OUT/+24VDC
OUT/+24VDC
OUT/+24VDC
OUT/+24VDC
OUT/+24VDC
OUT/+24VDC
OUT/+24VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+125VDC
OUT/+24VDC
+ 24 VDC POWER
+ 24 VDC POWER
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
W113-1
FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1FTM113.1-
1/25
2/26
3/27
4/28
5/29
6/30
7/31
8/32
9/33
10/34
11/35
12/36
13/37
14/38
15/39
16/40
17/41
18/42
19/43
20/44
21/45
22/46
23/47
24/48
K1-51/52/53
K2-54/55/56
K3-57/58/59
K4-60/61/62
K5-63/64/65
K6-66/67/68
K7-69/70/71
K8-72/73/74
K9-75/76/77
K10-78/79/80
K11-81/82/83
K12-84/85/86
49
50
56
57
58
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
IN/+24VDC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
COM/NO/NC
+24VDC FIELD POWER
+24VDC FIELD POWER COMMON
+ 24 VDC POWER
COMMENTS
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
HEAT TRACING GROUND FAULT
CHASSIS
IN/
OUT
OUT17
OUT18
OUT19
OUT20
OUT21
OUT22
OUT23
OUT24
OUT25
OUT26
OUT27
OUT28
OUT29
OUT30
OUT31
OUT32
IN1
IN2
IN3
IN4
IN5
IN6
IN7
IN8
IN9
IN10
IN11
IN12
IN13
IN14
IN15
IN16
IN17
IN18
IN19
IN20
IN21
IN22
IN23
IN24
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
OUT5
OUT6
OUT7
OUT8
OUT9
OUT10
OUT11
OUT12
STATUS
N.O.
N.O.
ENERGIZE TO CLOSE VALVE

ENERGIZE IF MCC SELECTOR SWITCH IS ON 50 Hz
ENERGIZE IF MCC SELECTOR SWITCH IS ON 60 Hz
CONTROLS MOT-4019
CONTROLS MOT-4036
TRIP HEATER POWER WHEN LEVEL TRANSMITTER INDICATES LOW
OPT: WINTERIZATION HEAT TRACING
OPT:POSSIBLE ICING CONDITIONS WHEN INDICATED
( ) IN ACTIVE SIGNAL COL. = POWER GROUND RETURN THRU SAFETY MODULE.

% IN THE TRIP POINT COLUMN = TUNABLE TRIP POINT
(#1) IN ACTIVE SIGNAL COL.= RETURN WIRED THRU A15 SAFETY CIRCUIT.
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV A

EC-10013
ITEM
SITE: ECOPETROL
SH 2
Copyright 2013

R
SIGNAL
E
V
SOURCE/
DESTINATION
FUNCTION

CHASSIS
IN/
OUT
ACTION
ACTIVE
SIGNAL
SWITCH
WIRED
CONTROL
VOLTAGE
BOARD
CHANNEL
CABLE
NUMBER
FTM
TERMINALS
TERMINALS
FUNCTION
COMMENTS
REVISION LIST
ORIGINAL RELEASE
DATE
6/11/13 MR
===== END ====================
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV A

EC-10013
R
ITEM
Copyright 2013
E
V
NETWORK
FUNCTION
SITE: ECOPETROL
SH 3
DEVICE
CONTROLLED
IN/
OUT
TYPE
NODE
LOCATION
NODE
CHANNEL
NODE
TERMINALS
TERMINALS
FUNCTION
COMMENTS

DI S T RI BUT I VE ANALO G I NP UT S
111111-
1
2
3
4
5
6
TURB ROOM PRESSURE

TURBINE LUBE OIL SUPPLY PRESS
TURBINE SCAVENGE DISCHARGE PRESS
DE-MIN WATER SUPPLY PRESS
GAS FUEL SUPPLY PRESSURE
MGTB1 AC AMBIENT HEAT SINK TEMP
PDT-4007
PT-1021
PT-1022
PT-2098
PT-2027
TE-4036A
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
24+3
24+3COM
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
N101N101N101N101N101N101N101N101N101-
4/5/7
8/9/11
12/13/15
16/17/19
20/21/23
25/26/27
2
3
1
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+24VDC POWER
+24VDC POWER COM
GROUND
222222-
1
2
3
4
5
6
TURBINE LUBE OIL TANK LEVEL

TURBINE LUBE OIL SUPPLY FILTER PRESSURE
GAS FUEL MANIFOLD PRESS
TURB VG PUMP HYDRAULIC OIL FILTER PRESSURE
TURBINE LUBE OIL SCAVENGE FILTER PRESSURE
LIQUID FUEL PUMP DISCHARGE PRESSURE
LT-1002
PDT-1006
PT-2028
PDT-1014
PDT-1007
PT-2070
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
24+3
24+3COM
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
N102N102N102N102N102N102N102N102N102-
4/5/7
8/9/11
12/13/15
16/17/19
20/21/23
24/25/27
2
3
1
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24VDC POWER
+24VDC POWER COM
GROUND
333333-
1
2
3
4
5
6
MGTB1 AC CABINET HEAT SINK TEMP

TURBINE COMPRESSOR INLET PRESSURE (P2)
TURBINE THRUST BALANCE PISTON CAVITY PRESSURE
MTTB1 AC AMBIENT HEAT SINK TEMP
MTTB1 AC CABINET HEAT SINK TEMP
(SPARE)
TE-4036B
PT-8024
PT-8061
TE-4019A
TE-4019B
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
24+3
24+3COM
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
N103N103N103N103N103N103N103N103N103-
5/6/7
8/9/11
12/13/15
17/18/19
21/22/23
24/25/27
2
3
1
+/-/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24VDC POWER
+24VDC POWER COM
GROUND
444444-
1
2
3
4
5
6
TURBINE ACC GB SCAVANGE OIL TEMP A

TURBINE SUMP A SCAVANGE OIL TEMP A
TURBINE SUMP B SCAVANGE OIL TEMP A
TURBINE SUMP C SCAVANGE OIL TEMP A
TURBINE SUMP D SCAVANGE OIL TEMP A
TURBINE SUPPLY TEMP A
TE-1023A
TE-1024A
TE-1025A
TE-1026A
TE-1027A
TE-1028A
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
24+3
24+3COM
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
N105N105N105N105N105N105N105N105N105-
4/5/6/7
8/9/10/11
12/13/14/15
16/17/18/19
20/21/22/23
24/25/26/27
2
3
1
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
+24VDC POWER
+24VDC POWER COM
GROUND
555555-
1
2
3
4
5
6
GENERATOR LUBE OIL SUPPLY TEMP

GENERATOR JOURNAL BEARING METAL (DE) TEMP
GENERATOR BEARING OIL DRAIN (DE) TEMP
GENERATOR JOURNAL BEARING METAL (NDE) TEMP
GENERATOR BEARING OIL DRAIN (NDE) TEMP
GENERATOR LUBE OIL TANK TEMP
TE-0025
TE-0021A
TE-0036
TE-0023A
TE-0035
TE-0020
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
24+3
24+3COM
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
N206N206N206N206N206N206N206N206N206-
4/5/6/7
8/9/10/11
12/13/14/15
16/17/18/19
20/21/22/23
24/25/26/27
2
3
1
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
+24VDC POWER
+24VDC POWER COM
GROUND
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
DISTRIBUTIVE ANALOG INPUTS
OPTION - LM2500+
50 DEG C - THERMAL FUSE, MOT-4019
MOT-4019
DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV: A

EC-10013
SHEET 3 OF 6 PAGE 9 OF 16
R
ITEM
Copyright 2013
E
V
NETWORK
FUNCTION
SITE: ECOPETROL
SH 3
DEVICE
CONTROLLED
IN/
OUT
TYPE
NODE
LOCATION
NODE
CHANNEL
NODE
TERMINALS
TERMINALS
FUNCTION
COMMENTS

666666-
1
2
3
4
5
6
GENERATOR STATOR WINDING PHASE T1 (RTD 1A)

TE-4021A
TE-4022A
TE-4023A
TE-4024A
TE-4025A
TE-4026A
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
24+3
24+3COM
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
N207N207N207N207N207N207N207N207N207-
4/5/6/7
8/9/10/11
12/13/14/15
16/17/18/19
20/21/22/23
24/25/26/27
2
3
1
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
+24VDC POWER
+24VDC POWER COM
GROUND
777777-
1
2
3
4
5
6
TURBINE ACC GB SCAVENGE OIL TEMP B

TURBINE SUMP A SCAVENGE OIL TEMP B
TURBINE SUMP B SCAVENGE OIL TEMP B
TURBINE SUMP C SCAVENGE OIL TEMP B
TURBINE SUMP D SCAVENGE OIL TEMP B
TURBINE SUPPLY TEMP B
TE-1023B
TE-1024B
TE-1025B
TE-1026B
TE-1027B
TE-1028B
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
24+3
24+3COM
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
N108N108N108N108N108N108N108N108N108-
4/5/6/7
8/9/10/11
12/13/14/15
16/17/18/19
20/21/22/23
24/25/26/27
2
3
1
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
+24VDC POWER
+24VDC POWER COM
GROUND
888888-
1
2
3
4
5
6
GENERATOR AIR OUTLET TEMP A

GENERATOR EXCITER AIR OUTLET TEMP A
GENERATOR BEARING THRUST PAD INBOARD A
GENERATOR AIR OUTLET TEMP B
GENERATOR EXCITER AIR OUTLET TEMP B
GENERATOR BEARING THRUST PAD INBOARD B
TE-4030A
TE-4031A
TE-0057A
TE-4030B
TE-4031B
TE-0057B
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
24+3
24+3COM
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
N209N209N209N209N209N209N209N209N209-
4/5/6/7
8/9/10/11
12/13/14/15
16/17/18/19
20/21/22/23
24/25/26/27
2
3
1
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
+24VDC POWER
+24VDC POWER COM
GROUND
999999-
1
2
3
4
5
6
TURBINE ENCLOSURE ROOM TEMP

TURBINE ENCLOSURE EXHAUST TEMP
TURBINE GAS FUEL SUPPLY TEMP
TURBINE HYDRAULIC STARTER CLUTCH OIL A
TURBINE HYDRAULIC STARTER CLUTCH OIL B
TURBINE AIR FILTER INLET TEMP
TE-4002
TE-4054
TE-2032
TE-6027A
TE-6027B
TE-4082
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
24+3
24+3COM
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
N110N110N110N110N110N110N110N110N110-
4/5/6/7
8/9/10/11
12/13/14/15
16/17/18/19
20/21/22/23
24/25/26/27
2
3
1
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
+24VDC POWER
+24VDC POWER COM
GROUND
101010101010-
1
2
3
4
5
6
GENERATOR STATOR WINDING PHASE T1 (RTD 1B)

TE-4021B
TE-4022B
TE-4023B
TE-4024B
TE-4025B
TE-4026B
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
24+3
24+3COM
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
N212N212N212N212N212N212N212N212N212-
4/5/6/7
8/9/10/11
12/13/14/15
16/17/18/19
20/21/22/23
24/25/26/27
2
3
1
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
+24VDC POWER
+24VDC POWER COM
GROUND
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV: A

EC-10013
R
ITEM
Copyright 2013
E
V
NETWORK
FUNCTION
SITE: ECOPETROL
SH 3
DEVICE
CONTROLLED
IN/
OUT
TYPE
NODE
LOCATION
NODE
CHANNEL
NODE
TERMINALS
TERMINALS
FUNCTION
COMMENTS

111111111111-
1
2
3
4
5
6
GENERATOR LUBE OIL TANK LEVEL

GENERATOR LUBE OIL SUPPLY PRESSURE
GENERATOR LUBE OIL FILTER PRESSURE
GENERATOR INLET AIR FILTER (DRIVE END) PRESSURE
GENERATOR INLET AIR FILTER (NON-DRIVE END) PRESSURE
MGTB1 ENCLOSURE TEMP.
LT-0001
PT-0026
PDT-0015
PDT-4008
PDT-4009
TE-4091
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
4-20
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
MGTB
24+3
24+3COM
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
1
2
3
4
5
6
N217N217N217N217N217N217N217N217N217-
4/5/7
8/9/11
12/13/15
16/17/19
20/21/23
25/26/27
2
3
1
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+24V/+/SHLD
+/-/SHLD
+24VDC POWER
+24VDC POWER COM
GROUND
121212121212-
1
2
3
4
5
6
MAGNETIC CHIP DETECTOR SUMP A

MAGNETIC CHIP DETECTOR SUMP B
MAGNETIC CHIP DETECTOR SUMP C
MAGNETIC CHIP DETECTOR SUMP D
MAGNETIC CHIP DETECTOR ACCESSORY GEARBOX
MTTB1 ENCLOSURE TEMP.
MCD-1061
MCD-1062
MCD-1063
MCD-1064
MCD-1060
TE-4090
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
RTD
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
MTTB
24+3
24+3COM
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
1
2
3
4
5
6
N119N119N119N119N119N119N119N119N119-
4/5/6/7
8/9/10/11
12/13/14/15
16/17/18/19
20/21/22/23
24/25/26/27
2
3
1
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
SENSE/+/-/SHLD
+24VDC POWER
+24VDC POWER COM
GROUND
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV: A

EC-10013
R
ITEM
Copyright 2013
E
V
NETWORK
FUNCTION
SITE: ECOPETROL
SH 3
DEVICE
CONTROLLED
IN/
OUT
TYPE
NODE
LOCATION
NODE
CHANNEL
NODE
TERMINALS
TERMINALS
FUNCTION
COMMENTS

REVISION LIST
ORIGINAL RELEASE
DATE
6/11/13 MR
===== END ====================
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV: A

EC-10013
SH 4
R
ITEM
NETWORK

DISTRIBUTIVE DISCRETE INPUTS
1111111111111111-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Copyright 2013
This drawing is the proprietary information of GE Packaged Power, L.P. and is loaned in strict confidence with the understanding that it will
not be reproduced nor used for any purpose except that for which it is loaned. It shall be immediately returned on demand and is subject to all
other terms and conditions of any written agreement or purchase order that incorporates or relates to this drawing.
E
V FUNCTION
VIBRATION SWITCH HIGH-TURB/GEN LUBE OIL HEAT EXCHANGER FAN (MOT-1076A)

VIBRATION SWITCH HIGH-TURB/GEN LUBE OIL HEAT EXCHANGER FAN (MOT-1076B)
PRESSURE SWITCH HIGH FIRE SUPPRESSANT AGENT DISCHARGE (DOWNSTREAM)
POSITION SWITCH TURBINE ENCLOSURE VENTILATION FAN INLET DAMPER A
POSITION SWITCH TURBINE ENCLOSURE VENTILATION FAN INLET DAMPER B
MCC LOSS OF POWER DEVICE
EARTHING SWITCH STATUS INDICATOR
LIMIT SWITCH <5 DEGREE BY-PASS DAMPER CLOSED
LIMIT SWITCH >85 DEGREE BY-PASS DAMPER OPENED
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
(SPARE)
SITE: ECOPETROL
SIGNAL
SOURCE
ACTIVE CONTACT NODE

SIGNAL USED LOCATION
NODE
CHANNEL
NODE TERMINALS
COMMENTS
N340N340N340N340N340N340N340N340N340N340N340N340N340N340N340N340-
NOTE 4
NOTE 4
ALARM INDICATOR ONLY
DAMPER STATUS INDICATOR F&C - FOR ALTAIR USE ZSC-4158A
DAMPER STATUS INDICATOR F&C - FOR ALTAIR USE ZSC-4158B
UNDER VOLTAGE STATUS

XSH-1076A
XSH-1076B
PSH-3048A
ZSC-4266A
ZSC-4266B
(27) DEVICE
+MESW
ZSC-4276
ZSO-4276
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.C.
N.C.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
N.O.
TCP
TCP
TCP
TCP
TCP
TCP
TCP
TCP
TCP
TCP
TCP
TCP
TCP
TCP
TCP
TCP
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
REVISION LIST
A ORIGINAL RELEASE
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
DAMPER STATUS INDICATOR (ONLY FOR F&C)

DAMPER STATUS INDICATOR (ONLY FOR F&C)
DATE
6/11/13 MR
===== END ====================
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
DISTRIBUTIVE DISCRETE INPUTS
DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV: A

EC-10013
SITE: ECOPETROL
SH 5

Copyright 2013
R
E
V
WORKSHEET NOTES
ACTION CODES:
FSWM = FAST STOP WITH MOTOR
FSLO = FAST STOP LOCKOUT WITHOUT MOTOR
F-SD = FAST SHUTDOWN
CDLO = COOL DOWN LOCKOUT
CDNLO = COOL DOWN NON-LOCKOUT
INTLK = INTERLOCK
SD/STSY = SHUTDOWN STEAM SYSTEM ONLY
SML = SLOW DECEL TO MIN LOAD
SDTI = STEP DECEL TO IDLE
STATUS = STATUS OF I/O POINT
CONTROL = INPUT OR OUTPUT REQUIRED TO CONTROL A DEVICE OR FUNCTION.
ALARM = AUDIO AND VISUAL INDICATION OF A FAULT CONDITION.
ST/FSLO = STATUS OR FAST STOP LOCKOUT
NOTES:
1. "S" AFTER 4-20 IN TYPE COLUMN INDICATES 4-20 IS SOURCED FROM ANOTHER DEVICE. ALL OTHER INPUTS HAVE LOOP POWERED DEVICES.
2. # IN ACTIVE SIGNAL COLUMN = POWER TO RELAY TO BE REMOVED IF CRITICAL SHUTDOWN PATH TRIPPED.
3. ( ) IN ACTIVE SIGNAL COLUMN = RETURN WIRED THRU A15 SAFETY CIRCUIT.
4. WHEN THE VIBRATION SWITCH IS CLOSED (ie TRUE) = ALARM AND SWITCH OVER TO THE OTHER FAN (MOT-1076A / MOT-1076B) WHILE THE FAN UNDER FAULT CONDITION IS SHUT DOWN.
5. a. FUEL VALVE DRIVER FAILURE WILL RETURN THE FUEL VALVE TO MIN. POSITION. IF ONLY ONE FUEL IS BEING USED WHEN DRIVER FAILURE OCCURS = FSWM
b. IF MORE THEN ONE FUEL IS USED AT A TIME, SHUTDOWN THE FUEL SYSTEM WITH THE BAD DRIVER AND ALARM.
c. TO RESET FUEL DRIVER, DE-ENERGIZE AND RE-ENERGIZE "SD/RESET" OUTPUT FOR THE PARTICULAR FUEL DRIVER THAT NEEDS RESETTING AFTER THE FUEL SYSTEM FOR THAT DRIVER IS SHUTDOWN.
6. 1 = CONTACT CLOSED WHEN BREAKER CLOSED. - THIS INPUT ALSO USED FOR LOAD SHARE STATUS.
REVISION LIST
INITIAL RELEASE
DATE
6/11/13 MR
===== END ====================
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
WORKSHEET NOTES
DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV: A

EC-10013
SITE: ECOPETROL
SH 6

Copyright 2013
This drawing is the proprietary information of GE Packaged Power, L.P. and is loaned in strict confidence with the understanding that it will not be
reproduced nor used for any purpose except that for which it is loaned. It shall be immediately returned on demand and is subject to all other terms
and conditions of any written agreement or purchase order that incorporates or relates to this drawing.
R
E
V
&
EFFECT
MATRIX
OL
LA
RM
AC
ER
TI
A
N
M
ON
N
-S
UN
TA
SM
C
IA
RT
LTI
TU
SL
ON
OW
RB
AL
IN
M
T
EP
O
-A
MI
NN
ER
N
M
UN
LO
CI
A
AT
D
SH
EB
UT
IT
DN
ID
FA
IL
UR
E
CAUSE
-A
AL
M
SH
UT
DO
W
CAUSE AND EFFECT MATRIX
SP
MALFUNCTION
/C
ON
TR
VIBRATION
INITIATING DEVICE
NOTE
3500 Rack
Vibration Malfunction Signal Active
3500 Rack
(Vibration Malfunction Signal Active and one or more of the following bits true below)
3500 Com Port
Removal of the Rack Interface Module from the 3500 rack OR Plugging a module in the rack during self-test OR
Hardware failure in the rack OR Configuration file downloaded to rack OR Any module in the 3500 rack which has
detected a fault. "Summary Vibration System Malfunction Alarm."
Device
SERVICE DESCRIPTION
3500 Com Port

44 Aero Card
25 Key Phasor Card
40 Prox Card
3500 Com Port

3500 Com Port
3500 Com Port
20 Card
92 Card
44 Card
25 Card
40 Card
32 Card
42 Card
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
Bit Number
Transducer going not OK (with the exception of the on-engine accelerometers) OR OK Circuit Checks to the AIM and
Back
Summary of 4 channels on 44 Aero Card
44 Channel 1
44 Channel 2
44 Channel 3
44 Channel 4
44 Channels 1 to 4 failed
Summary of 2 channels on 25 KP card
25 Channel 1
25 Channel 2
Summary of 4 channels on 40 Card
40 Channel 1
40 Channel 2
40 Channel 3
40 Channel 4
Keyphasor < 1 rpm, Channel 1 or 2
Keyphasor > 99,999 rpm Channel 1 or 2
Config failure OR Slot ID Failure OR Voltage Node Failures
20 Card Config Fail
92 Card Config Fail
44 Aero Card Config Fail
25 KP Card Config Fail
40 Prox Card Config Fail
32 Relay Card Config Fail
42 Seismic Card Config Fail
ACTION
10001 OR 13685
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
10613
10621
10033
10869
10877
10885
10893
10613
10621
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
10009
10015
10021
10027
10033
10045
10063
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
10021
10357
10365
10373
10381
10357, 365, 373, 381
VIBRATION MALFUNCTION CAUSE EFFECT MATRIX
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
NOTES
1.
IMMEDIATELY ALARM AND ANNUNCIATE VIBRATION

FOR START PERMISSIVE.
2.
WAIT 2 S FOR FOLLOW UP BIT TO BE RECEIVED

FROM COMMUNICATION PORT, THEN ANNUNCIATE
IDENTIFIED VIBRATION SYSTEM FAILED PARAMETER
3.
IF ALL 4 EACH 44 AERO CHANNELS FAIL (LOGICAL AND), ANNUNCIATE

ALARM "TURBINE VIBRATION SYSTEM CHANNELS FAILED,
10 MINUTE WINDOW TO RESET ALARM BEFORE SML INITIATED"
IF ALL 4 CHANNELS STAY FAILED AND NOT RESET IN 10 MINUTES,
INITIATE SHUTDOWN, tunable * 10 s to 1 h
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV: A

EC-10013
SITE: ECOPETROL
SH 6

Copyright 2013
This drawing is the proprietary information of GE Packaged Power, L.P. and is loaned in strict confidence with the understanding that it will not be
reproduced nor used for any purpose except that for which it is loaned. It shall be immediately returned on demand and is subject to all other terms
and conditions of any written agreement or purchase order that incorporates or relates to this drawing.
R
E
V
VIBRATION
MALFUNCTION
CAUSE
&
EFFECT
MATRIX
REVISION LIST
ORIGINAL RELEASE
DATE
6/11/13 MR
===== END ====================
PRINTED: 6/26/2013 2:32 PM
REV DATE: NA
VIBRATION MALFUNCTION CAUSE EFFECT MATRIX
DWG NO: 7245381-753146 REV: A

EC-10013
CUSTOMER: ECOPETROL
Copyright, 2013,
GE Packaged Power, L.P.,
All Rights. Reserved.

HYDRAULIC STARTER SYSTEM
SITE: COLOMBIA
This Drawing Is The Proprietary Information Of Ge Packaged Power, L.P., And Is Loaned In Strict
Confidence With The Understanding That It Will Not Be Reproduced Nor Used For Any Purpose
Except That For Which It Is Loaned. It Shall Be Immediately Returned On Demand, and Is Subject
To All Other Terms and Conditions Of Any Written Agreement Or Purchase Order Which
Incorporates Or Relates To This Drawing.
IMS-2013 - TM029 - TM2500 / TM2500+
LINE
REV
TAG NO.
PROCESS DESCRIPTION
RANGE
LOW
RANGE
HIGH
LIMIT
DECR.
LIMIT
INCR.
ENGLISH
UNIT
RANGE
LOW
RANGE
HIGH
LIMIT
DECR.
LIMIT
INCR.
METRIC
UNIT
RANGE
MULT.
ACTION
100
-2
102
100
-2
102
x10
SF
95
95
x10
x10
LAL
1, 6
x10
LALL
2, 3
LT-6001
LEVEL TRANSMITTER-TURBINE HYDRAULIC STARTER OIL TANK
LT-6001
LT-6001
74
74
LT-6001
40
40
NOTE
ALARM
ALARM
DELAY (S)
SHUT DOWN
ABORT
START
LAH
START
PERM
CRANK
PERM
MOTORS
HEATERS
HE-6010 OFF
VALVES
COMMENTS
X
X
MOT-6015 PERM
MOT-6015 OFF
SHUTDOWN OF START SYSTEM
MOT-6015 OFF
SHUTDOWN OF START SYSTEM
5
6
TE-6002
TEMPERATURE ELEMENT-TURBINE HYDRAULIC STARTER OIL RETURN
TE-6002
TE-6002
10
TE-6003
TEMPERATURE ELEMENT-TURBINE HYDRAULIC STARTER OIL TANK
11
TE-6003
12
13
-40
400
-48
408
180
40
DEG F
-40
204
-44
DEG F
DEG C
x10
SF
DEG C
x10
TAH
DEG C
x10
TAL
209
DEG C
x10
SF
209
82
DEG F
9
408
DEG F
190
DEG F
88
DEG C
x10
TAHH
2, 3
TE-6003
190
DEG F
88
DEG C
x10
TAHH
TE-6003
180
DEG F
82
DEG C
x10
TAH
14
TE-6003
35
DEG C
x10
EVENT
15
TE-6003
90
DEG F
32
DEG C
x10
EVENT
16
TE-6003
70
DEG F
21
DEG C
x10
TAL
-40
400
-48
95
-40
204
-44
DEG F
X
HE-6010 OFF
HE-6010 ON
X
17
18
HE-6010
HEATER ELEMENT-TURBINE HYDRAULIC STARTER OIL TANK
MOT-6015
MOTOR-TURBINE HYDRAULIC STARTER PUMP
19
20
MOT-1076A/B ON
21
22
MOT-1076A MOTOR-TURBINE/GENERATOR LUBE OIL HEAT EXCHANGER FAN
23
MOT-1076B MOTOR-TURBINE/GENERATOR LUBE OIL HEAT EXCHANGER FAN
5
5
24
25
XSH-1076A VIBRATION SWITCH HIGH-TURBINE/GENERATOR LUBE OIL HEAT EXCHANGER FAN
XAH
SHUTDOWN FAN - ACTIVATE ALTERNATE FAN
26
XSH-1076B VIBRATION SWITCH HIGH-TURBINE/GENERATOR LUBE OIL HEAT EXCHANGER FAN
XAH
SHUTDOWN FAN - ACTIVATE ALTERNATE FAN
27
28
SOV-6019
SOLENOID OPERATED VALVE-TURBINE HYDRAULIC STARTER PUMP PISTON
100
-40
400
100
204
-44
x10
29
30
TE-6027A
TEMPERATURE ELEMENT-TURBINE HYDRAULIC STARTER CLUTCH OIL DRAIN
408
DEG F
209
DEG C
x10
SF
31
TE-6027A
230
DEG F
110
DEG C
x10
TAHH
32
TE-6027A
-48
200
DEG F
93
DEG C
x10
TAH
33
TE-6027A
34
TE-6027B
408
DEG F
35
TE-6027B
230
DEG F
36
TE-6027B
37
TE-6027B
40
-40
400
-48
DEG F
200
40
-40
204
-44
DEG F
DEG F
DEG C
4
-40
TAL
FSLO
209
DEG C
x10
SF
110
DEG C
x10
TAHH
DEG C
x10
TAH
DEG C
x10
TAL
93
4
x10
FSLO
38
39
PRINTED: 11/03/2014 03:11 p. m.
REV DATE: NA

GE CLASS II (INTERNAL)
DWG NO: 7245381-752149 REV: A
EC-11200
CUSTOMER: ECOPETROL
Copyright, 2013,
GE Packaged Power, L.P.,
All Rights. Reserved.

SITE: COLOMBIA
This Drawing Is The Proprietary Information Of Ge Packaged Power, L.P., And Is Loaned In Strict
Confidence With The Understanding That It Will Not Be Reproduced Nor Used For Any Purpose
Except That For Which It Is Loaned. It Shall Be Immediately Returned On Demand, and Is Subject
To All Other Terms and Conditions Of Any Written Agreement Or Purchase Order Which
Incorporates Or Relates To This Drawing.
IMS-2013 - TM029 - TM2500 / TM2500+
LINE
REV
TAG NO.
PROCESS DESCRIPTION
RANGE
LOW
RANGE
HIGH
LIMIT
DECR.
LIMIT
INCR.
ENGLISH
UNIT
RANGE
LOW
RANGE
HIGH
LIMIT
DECR.
LIMIT
INCR.
METRIC
UNIT
RANGE
MULT.
ACTION
NOTE
ALARM
ALARM
DELAY (S)
SHUT DOWN
ABORT
START
START
PERM
CRANK
PERM
MOTORS
HEATERS
VALVES
COMMENTS
NOTES
1. PART OF AUXILIARY CHECK SEQUENCE, MUST BE OUT OF ALARM TO GRANT PERMISSION.
2. SHUTDOWN START SYSTEM
3. ACTIVE ONLY DURING STARTUP BY START SYSTEM
4. ACTIVE WHEN START SYSTEM DORMENT
5. HYDRAULIC START & TURBINE / GENERATOR LUBE OIL FANS
a. IF FAN SELECTED AND WHEN UNIT RUNNING, RUN
b. IF FAN SELECTED AND GENERATOR NOT AT ZERO SPEED, RUN
c. INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK.
d. IF FAN SELECTED FAN RUNNING HAS A VIBRATION ALARM, SWAP SELECT TO BACKUP FAN.
6. HYDRAULIC STARTER OIL TANK HEATER
a. ON: TE6003 < 90 DEG. F.
b. OFF: TE6003 > 95 DEG. F OR LT6001 < 74%
7. WHEN STARTER HIGH SPEED START COMMAND IS REMOVED OR NOTED SHUTDOWNS FOR ANY REASON, WAIT 10 SEC. TO ALLOW PUMP TO RESET TO NEUTRAL POSITION BEFORE DE-ENERGIZING HYD START MOTOR.
LEGEND
1. SEE LEGEND TAB
REVISION LIST
DATE
ORIGINAL ISSUE
9/02/2013 HCL
=== END ===
PRINTED: 11/03/2014 03:11 p. m.
REV DATE: NA

GE CLASS II (INTERNAL)
DWG NO: 7245381-752149 REV: A
EC-11200
Tab C
Tab D

Training Manual TM2500

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TM2500 Package Familiarization

All rights reserved by the General Electric Company. No

2014 General Electric Company

GE Power & Water

TM2500 Package Familiarization

Gas Turbine Basics

Construction and Operation

Turbine Lube Oil System

Variable Geometry System

Hydraulic Start System

Dual Fuel System

Ventilation and Combustion Air System

Water Wash System

Vibration Monitoring System

Fire Protection System

Generator Construction (60 Hz)

Generator Lube Oil System (60 Hz)

Appendix & abbreviations

TM2500 Package Familiarization

GE Power & Water

General Arrangement Drawings

TM2500 Package Familiarization

GE Aero Package Training Course Introduction

BOC/FAM Course Introduction

GE Aero Package Training Course Introduction

BOC/FAM Course Introduction

GE Aero Package Training Course Introduction

BOC/FAM Course Introduction

GE Aero Package Training Course Introduction

OVERVIEW OF GE ENERGY PRODUCTS

BOC/FAM Course Introduction

GE Aero Package Training Course Introduction

BOC/FAM Course Introduction

GE Aero Package Training Course Introduction

BOC/FAM Course Introduction

GE Aero Package Training Course Introduction

BOC/FAM Course Introduction

GE Aero Package Training Course Introduction

Gas Turbine Operational Hazards

BOC/FAM Course Introduction

GE Aero Package Training Course Introduction

Cleanliness and FOD/DOD

Keep maintenance area clean and organized.

BOC/FAM Course Introduction

TM2500+ Gen VI Package Familiarization

GAS TURBINE BASICS

TM2500+ Gen VI Package Familiarization

TM2500+ Gen VI Package Familiarization

TM2500+ Gen VI Package Familiarization

TM2500+ Gen VI Package Familiarization

TM2500+ Gen VI Package Familiarization

Gas Turbine Operation Vs.Reciprocating Engine Operation

TM2500+ Gen VI Package Familiarization

COMPRESSION COMBUSTION EXPANSION EXHAUST

TM2500+ Gen VI Package Familiarization

TM2500+ Gen VI Package Familiarization

CONVERGENT AND DIVERGENT DUCTS

TM2500+ Gen VI Package Familiarization

TM2500+ Gen VI Package Familiarization

INLET GUIDE VANES

TM2500+ Gen VI Package Familiarization

Axial Flow Compressor