Technological Institute of the Philippines

363 P. Casal St., Quiapo, Manila

College of Engineering
Chemical Engineering Department

ChE Research 1
Article Summary

Submitted by:
John Dolph M. Facundo

Submitted to:
Engr. Jopeth M. Ramis

Date Submitted:
June 10, 2015

Article #1
The Foetal Membranes: A Review of the Anatomy of Normal Amnion and Chorion and Some
Aspects of Their Function (Bourne, 1962)

The foetal membrane is composed of two main structures. The innermost part of the two the amnion and
the non-placental part chorion. As the innermost part, the amnion is in contact with everything in the amniotic sac
(the amniotic fluid, the foetus and the umbilical cord) and is composed of 5 layers. Namely:
The Ephthelium as the innermost layer consists of cuboidal but can be columnar single layer of cells.
The Basement Layer a thin layer composed of a chain of reticular fibers.
The Compact Layer a dense layer almost entirely lacking of cells is composed of a complex chain of
reticular fibers.
The Fibroblast Layer as the thickest, this layer consists of a loose fibroblast (a type of cell) structure
embedded in a large amount of reticulin.
The Spongy Layer tissues from chorionic cavity is compressed between the amnion and the chorion
which form the spongy layer.
Being the outermost of the two foetal membranes, Chorion is in contact with amnion on the inner form and
the maternal deciduas or the uterine lining on its outer form. The non-placental chorion consists of four layers,
namely, Cellular layer (a thin layer composed of interweaving fibroblast chain), Reticular Layer (a layer that
embodies the majority of the thickness of the chorion, consists of complicated network of fibers that tends to
parallel), Pseudo-basement membrane (as the base membrane of the thropoblast, it is composed of a dense layer
of argyrophil connective tissues) and the Trophoblast (the deepest layer that consists of 2-10 layers of trophoblast
cells which is in contact with the uterine lining.

Article #2
Amnion-derived stem cells: in quest of clinical applications(Miki, 2011)

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, tissue-specific progenitor cells, embryonic stem (ES) cells,
and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are just some of the potential cell sources for regenerative medicine but
they possess different advantages and limits of usage, the main reason why these cell sources cant be accepted as
a definitive cell sources. Also, the availability and the safety of such sources strengthen the claim.
Studies shows that there so many cells, especially AE cells, with stem cell features are present in the
amnion and can be considered as one of the cell sources for clinical use. Multipotency of AE cells enhances the
possibility of the claim as well as its uniqueness to other sources. Through Ectoderm lineage, Endoderm lineage,
and Mesoderm lineage, AE cell can be an effective cell source. Also, hAE cells have been used in clinics to correct
major diseases/illness.

Article #3
The Extracellular Matrix of Human Amniotic Epithelium: Ultrastructure, Composition and Deposition
(Campbell et al, 1985)

Through different kinds of procedure (including electron microscopy and cryosection), amnion ephethelium
consists of a single layer of cells reclining on basal lamina supported by a matrix of connective tissues containing
cells. Basal lamina is found to consist of lamina rara and lamina densa. Below the lamina densa is a zone rich in
collagen bundles. Numerous ribosomes and extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum and
Golgi stacks are observed in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells. Also in culture on
plastic, cells forms a mixture of basal laminal and stromal components.

Article #4
Properties of the Amniotic Membrane for Potential Use in Tissue Engineering (Niknejad et al, 2008)

Article #5
Method of Obtaining and Preparation of Fresh Human Amniotic Membrane for Clinical Use (Ganatra
et al)

(Insert summary here)

Article #6
Time-dependent mechanical behavior of human amnion: Macroscopic and microscopic
characterization (Mauri et al, 2015)

(Insert summary here)

Article #7
On the deformation behavior of human amnion (Buerzle et al, 2013)

(Insert summary here)

Article
#8here)
(Insert summary

PURION Processed Dehydrated Human Amnion/Chorion Membrane Allografts (c) MiMedx Group,
2012

Article #9
The clinical applications of human amnion in plastic surgery (Fairbairn et al, 2014)

(Insert summary here)

(Insert summary here)

Article #10
Soluble Factors of Amnion-Derived Cells in Treatment of Inflammatory and Fibrotic Pathologies
(Silini et al, 2013)