REVISED PENAL CODE

I.

Crimes against national security

1. Treason and espionage

a. Treason
b. Conspiracy and proposal to commit treason
c. Misprision of treason
d. Espionage
2. Provoking war and disloyalty in case of war
a. Inciting to war or giving motives for reprisals
b. Violation of neutrality
c. Correspondence with hostile country
d. Flight to enemy country
3. Piracy and mutiny on the high seas in Philippine
waters
a. Piracy in general and mutiny on the high seas
or in Philippine waters
b. Qualified piracy
4. Anti-Piracy and Anti-Highway Robbery Law (P.D.
No. 532)
5. Anti-Hijacking Law (R.A. No. 6235)
6. Human Security Act of 2007 (R.A. No. 9372)
II. Crimes against the fundamental law of the
state
1. Arbitrary detention and expulsion
(1) Arbitrary detention
(2) Delay in the delivery of detained persons
(3) Delaying release
(4) Expulsion
2. Violation of domicile
(1) Violation of domicile
(2) Search warrants maliciously obtained, and
abuse in the service of those legally obtained
(3) Searching domicile without witnesses
3. Prohibition, interruption and dissolution of
peaceful meetings
(1) Prohibition, interruption and dissolution of
peaceful meetings
4. Crimes against religious worship
(1) Interruption of religious worship
(2) Offending the religious feelings
5. Human Security Act of 2007 (R.A. No. 9372)
6. Anti-Torture Act of 2009 (R.A. No. 9745)
III. Crimes against public order
1. Rebellion, coup d'etat, sedition and disloyalty
(1) Rebellion and insurrection
(2) Coup d'etat
(3) Conspiracy and proposal to commit coup
d'etat, rebellion and insurrection
(4) Disloyalty of public officers or employees
(5) Inciting to rebellion or insurrection
(6) Sedition
(7) Conspiracy to commit sedition
(8) Inciting to sedition
2. Crimes against popular representation
a. Crimes against legislative bodies and similar
bodies
(1) Acts tending to prevent the meeting of the
Assembly and similar bodies
(2) Disturbance of proceedings
b. Violation of parliamentary immunity
(1) Violation of parliamentary immunity
3. Illegal assemblies and associations
(1) Illegal assemblies
(2) Illegal associations
4. Assault upon, and resistance and disobedience to
persons in authority and their agents
(1) Direct assaults
(2) Indirect assaults
(3) Disobedience to summons issued by the
National Assembly
(4) Resistance and disobedience to a person in
authority or the agents of such person
5. Public disorders

(1) Tumults and other disturbances of public order

(2) Unlawful use of means of publication and
unlawful utterances
(3) Alarms and scandals
(4) Delivering prisoners from jail
6. Evasion of service of sentence
(1) Evasion of service of sentence
(2) Evasion of service of sentence on the occasion
of disorders, conflagrations, earthquakes, or
other calamities
(3) Other cases of evasion of service of sentence
7. Commission of another crime during service of
penalty imposed for another previous offense
IV. Crimes against public interest
1. Forgeries
a. Forging the seal of the government of the
Philippine islands, the signature or stamp of
the chief executive
(1) Counterfeiting the great seal of the
government of the Philippine islands,
forging the signature and stamp of the
chief executive
(2) Using forged signature or counterfeit seal
or stamps
b. Counterfeiting coins
(1) Making and importing and uttering false
coins
(2) Mutilation of coins
(3) Selling of false or mutilated coins, without
connivance
c. Forging treasury or bank notes, obligations
and securities; importing and uttering false or
forged notes, obligations and securities
(1) Forging treasury or bank notes or other
documents payable to bearer; importing
and uttering such false or forged notes
and documents
(2) Counterfeiting, importing, and uttering
instruments not payable to bearer
(3) Illegal possession and use of false treasury
or bank notes and other instruments of
credit
d. Falsification of legislative, public, commercial,
and
private
documents
and
wireless,
telegraph and telephone messages
(1) Falsification of legislative documents
(2) Falsification by public officer, employee; or
notary or ecclesiastical minister
(3) Falsification by private individual and use
of falsified documents
(4) Falsification of wireless, cable, telegraph,
and telephone messages, and use of said
falsified messages
e. Falsification of medical certificate, certificates
of merit or service and the like
(1) False medical certificates, false certificates
of merits or service, etc.
(2) Using false certificates
f. Manufacturing, importing and possession of
instruments or implements intended for the
commission of falsification
(1) Manufacturing
and
possession
of
instruments or implements for falsification
2. Other falsities
a. Usurpation of authority, rank, title, and
improper use of names, uniforms and insignia
(1) Usurpation of authority or official functions
(2) Using fictitious name and concealing true
name
(3) Illegal use of uniforms or insignia
b. False testimony
(1) False testimony against a defendant
(2) False testimony favorable to the defendant
(3) False testimony in civil cases
(4) False testimony in other cases and perjury
in solemn affirmation
(5) Offering false testimony in evidence
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3. Frauds
a. Machinations, monopolies and combinations
(1) Machinations in public auctions
(2) Monopolies and combinations
b. Frauds in commerce and industry
(1) Importation and disposition of falsely
marked articles or merchandise made of
gold, silver, or other precious metals or
their alloys
(2) Substituting and altering trademarks,
trade names, or service marks - ipc
(3) Unfair competition, fraudulent registration
of trade name, trademark, or service
mark, fraudulent designation of origin, and
false description
4. Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2001 (R.A. No.
9160, as amended by R.A. No. 9194)
V. Crimes relative
prohibited drugs

to

opium

and

other

1. Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002

(R.A. No. 9165)
VI. Crimes against public morals
1. Gambling and betting
a. Illegal Numbers Games (P.D. No. 1602, as
amended by R.A. No. 9287)
2. Offenses against decency and good customs
(1) Grave scandal
(2) Immoral doctrines, obscene publications and
exhibitions, and indecent shows
(3) Vagrants and prostitutes
3. Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003 (R.A. No.
9208)
VII.

Crimes committed by a public officer

1. Malfeasance and misfeasance in office

a. Dereliction of Duty
(1) Knowingly rendering unjust judgment
(2) Judgment rendered through negligence
(3) Unjust interlocutory order
(4) Malicious delay in the administration of
justice
(5) Prosecution of offenses; negligence and
tolerance
(6) Betrayal of trust by an attorney or solicitor
revelation of secrets
b. Bribery
(1) Direct bribery
(2) Indirect bribery
(3) Qualified bribery
(4) Corruption of public officials
2. Frauds and illegal exactions and transactions
(1) Fraud against the treasury and similar of
offenses
(2) Other frauds
(3) Prohibited transactions
(4) Possession of prohibited interest by a public
officer
3. Malversation of public funds or property
(1) Malversation of public funds or property
presumption of malversation
(2) Failure of accountable officer to render
accounts
(3) Failure of responsible public officer to render
accounts before leaving the country
(4) Illegal use of public funds or property
(technical malversation)
(5) Failure to make delivery of public funds or
property
(6) Officers included in the preceding provisions
4. Infidelity of public officers
a. Infidelity in the custody of prisoners
(1) Conniving with or consenting to evasion
(2) Evasion through negligence

(3) Escape of prisoner under the custody of a

person not a public officer
b. Infidelity in the custody of document
(1) Removal, concealment, or destruction of
documents
(2) Officer breaking seal
(3) Opening of closed documents
c. Revelation of secrets
(1) Revelation of secrets by an officer
(2) Public officer revealing secrets of private
individual
5. Other offenses or irregularities by public officers
a. Disobedience, refusal of assistance and
maltreatment of prisoners
(1) Open disobedience
(2) Disobedience to order of superior officers,
when said order was suspended by inferior
officer
(3) Refusal of assistance
(4) Refusal to discharge elective office
(5) Maltreatment of prisoners
b. Anticipation, prolongation and abandonment
of the duties and powers of public office
(1) Anticipation of duties of a public office
(2) Prolonging performance of duties and
powers
(3) Abandonment of office or position
c. Usurpation
of
powers
and
unlawful
appointments
(1) Usurpation of legislative powers
(2) Usurpation of executive functions
(3) Usurpation of judicial functions
(4) Disobeying request for disqualification
(5) Orders or requests by executive officers to
any judicial authority
(6) Unlawful appointments
d. Abuses against chastity
6. Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act (R.A. No.
3019)
7. Anti-Plunder Act (R.A. No. 7080)
VIII.

Crimes against persons

1. Destruction of life
a. Parricide, Murder, Homicide
(1) Parricide
(2) Death or physical injuries inflicted under
exceptional circumstances
(3) Murder
(4) Homicide
(5) Death caused in a tumultuous affray
(6) Physical injuries inflicted in a tumultuous
affray
(7) Giving assistance to suicide
(8) Discharge of firearms
b. Infanticide and abortion
(1) Infanticide
(2) Intentional abortion
(3) Unintentional abortion
(4) Abortion practiced by the woman herself
of by her parents
(5) Abortion practiced by a physician or
midwife and dispensing of abortives
2. Physical injuries
(1) Mutilation
(2) Serious physical injuries
(3) Administering
injurious
substances
or
beverages
(4) Less serious physical injuries
(5) Slight physical injuries and maltreatment
3. Rape
(1) The Anti-Rape Law (R.A. No. 8353)
(2) Qualified rape
4. Illegal Possession of Firearms and Explosives (P.D.
No. 1866, as amended by R.A. No. 8294)
5. Anti-Hazing Law (R.A. No. 8049)
6. Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children
Act of 2004 (R.A. No. 9262)
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7. Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009 (R.A. No.

9775)
8. Special Protection of Children against Abuse,
Exploitation and Discrimination Act (R.A. No.
7610)
9. Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006 (R.A. No.
9344)
IX. Crimes against personal liberty and security
1. Crimes against liberty
a. Illegal Detention
(1) Kidnapping and serious illegal detention
(2) Slight illegal detention
(3) Unlawful arrest
b. Kidnapping of Minors
(1) Failure to return a minor
(2) Inducing a minor to abandon his home
c. Slavery and Servitude
(1) Slavery
(2) Exploitation of child labor
(3) Services rendered under compulsion in
payment
2. Crimes against security
a. Abandonment of Helpless Persons and
Exploitation of Minors
(1) Abandonment of persons in danger and
abandonment of ones own victim
(2) Abandoning a minor
(3) Abandonment of minor entrusted with his
custody; indifference of parents
(4) Exploitation of minors
b. Trespass to Dwelling
(1) Qualified trespass to dwelling
(2) Other forms of trespass
c. Threats and Coercion
(1) Grave threats
(2) Light threats
(3) Other light threats
(4) Grave coercion
(5) Light coercion
(6) Other similar coercions
(7) Formation, maintenance, & prohibition of
combination of capital or labor through
violence or threats
3. Discovery and revelation of secrets
(1) Discovering secrets through seizure of
correspondence
(2) Revealing secrets with abuse of office
(3) Revelation of industrial secrets
4. Anti-Wire Tapping Act (R.A. No. 4200)
5. Human Security Act of 2007 (R.A. No. 9372)
X. Crimes against property
1. Robbery in general
a. Robbery with Violence against or Intimidation
of Persons
(1) Robbery
with
violence
against
or
intimidation of persons
(2) Robbery with physical injuries, committed
in an uninhabited place by a band
(3) Attempted
and
frustrated
robbery
committed under certain circumstances
(4) Execution of deeds by means of violence
or intimidation
b. Robbery with the Use of Force upon Things
(1) Robbery in an inhabited house/public
building or edifice devoted to worship
(2) Robbery in an uninhabited place and by a
band
(3) Robbery in an uninhabited place or in a
private building
(4) Possession of picklocks or similar tools
2. Brigandage
(1) Brigandage
(2) Aiding or abetting a band of brigands
3. Theft
(1) Theft

4.

5.
6.

7.
8.
9.

10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

(2) Qualified theft

(3) Theft of the property of the National Library
and National Museum
Usurpation
(1) Occupation of real property or usurpation of
real rights in property
(2) Altering boundaries or landmark
Culpable insolvency
(1) Fraudulent insolvency
Swindling and other deceits
(1) Swindling (estafa)
(2) Other forms of swindling
(3) Swindling a minor
(4) Other deceits
Chattel mortgage
(1) Removal, sale or pledge of mortgaged
property
Arson and other crimes involving destructions
(1) The Law on Arson (P.D. No. 1613)
Malicious mischief
(1) Malicious mischief
(2) Special cases of malicious mischief
(3) Other mischiefs
(4) Damage and obstruction to means of
communication
(5) Destroying or damaging statues, public
monuments or paintings
Anti-Piracy and Anti-Highway Robbery Law of
1974 (P.D. No. 532)
Anti Carnapping Act of 1972 (R.A. No. 6539)
AntiFencing Law (P.D. No. 1612)
Illegal Recruitment Migrant Workers Act (R.A. No.
8042)
Bouncing Checks Law (B.P. 22)

XI. Crimes against chastity

1. Adultery and concubinage
(1) Adultery
(2) Concubinage
2. Acts of lasciviousness
3. Seduction, corruption of minors, and white slave
trade
(1) Qualified seduction
(2) Simple seduction
(3) Acts of lasciviousness with the consent of the
offended party
(4) Corruption of minors
(5) White slave trade
4. Abduction
(1) Forcible abduction
(2) Consented abduction
5. Anti-Sexual Harassment Act (R.A. No. 7877)
6. Anti-Photo and Video Voyeurism Act of 2009 (R.A.
No. 9995)
7. Special Protection of Children against Abuse,
Exploitation and Discrimination Act (R.A. No.
7610)
8. Anti-Violence against Women and Their Children
Act of 2004 (R.A. No. 9262)
XII.

Crimes against the civil status of persons

1. Simulation of births and usurpation of civil status

(1) Simulation of births, substitution of one child
for another, concealment or abandonment of
a legitimate child
(2) Usurpation of civil status
2. Illegal marriages
(1) Bigamy
(2) Marriage contracted against provisions of laws
(3) Premature marriages
(4) Performance of illegal marriages
XIII.

Crimes against honor

1. Libel
(1) Libel by means of writings or similar means
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(2) Threatening to publish and offer to prevent

such publication for a compensation
(3) Prohibited publication of acts referred to in the
course of official proceedings
(4) Slander (oral defamation)
(5) Slander by deed
2. Incriminatory machinations
(1) Incriminating innocent persons

(2) Intriguing against honor

3. The Anti-Wire Tapping Act (R.A. No. 4200)
XIV.

QUASI-OFFENSES

1. Criminal negligence

(1) Imprudence and negligence

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