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MINIMUM ENERGY PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR

BOILERS FOR PROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

BOILER EFFICIENCY
EVALUATION METHOD

DIRECT METHOD

INDIRECT METHOD

DIRECT METHOD
Boiler efficiency ():

Q x (H h) x 100
(q x GCV)

Where Q = Quantity of steam generated per hour (kg/hr)


H = Enthalpy of saturated steam (kcal/kg)
h = Enthalpy of feed water (kcal/kg)

q = Quantity of fuel used per hour (kg/hr)


GCV = Gross calorific value of the fuel (kcal/kg)

INDIRECT METHOD
Steam Output

6. Surface loss

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Dry Flue gas loss


H2 loss
Moisture in fuel
Moisture in air
CO loss

7. Fly ash loss

Fuel Input, 100%

Boiler

Flue gas

Air
8. Bottom ash loss

Efficiency
(by In Direct Method)

= 100 (1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8)

IS 13979 : 1994 METHOD OF CALCULATION


OF EFFICIENCY OF PACKAGED
BOILERS

BS 8451 : 1987 METHODS OF ASSESSING


THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF
BOILERS FOR STEAM, HOT WATER &
HIGH TEMPERATURE HEAT
TRANSFER FLUIDS
ASME PTC 4.1 TEST CODE FOR STEAM
GENERATING UNITS

ALL

THREE STANDARDS EVALUATE BY


INDIRECT METHOD

CONVERGENCE IN EVALUATION PROCESS OF


ALL THREE TEST PROTOCOLS

ASME

PTC 4.1 - USED FOR HIGH CAPACITY


STEAM BOILERS USED IN POWER GENERATION

S.No.

1.

Loss Reference

Loss due to flue gas

Dry flue gas loss

Loss due to hydrogen in fuel

Loss due to moisture in fuel

Losses due to moisture in the air

IS 13979 :
1994

BS 845-1 :
1987

ASME - PTC
4.1

ASME PTC 4.1


(Abbreviated)

2.

Loss due to combustible in refuse

3.

Losses due to radiation, Convection and Conduction from


boiler surface

4.

Other losses sensible heat loss from boiler furnace, heat


recovery system, bag filter and dust collector refuse

5.

Loss due to unburned gases in the flue gases (CO)

6.

Heat loss due to heat pick up by cooling water

7.

Unmeasured/unaccounted losses

8.

Loss due to un-burnt Hydrogen

9.

Loss due to un-burnt hydrocarbon

X
X
X
X

X
**
X
X

* Assumed between 0.1 to 0.3%

*
X
X
** As mutually agreed up on

S. No.

Particulars

Calorific Value

Type of fuel

Test duration

4
5

IS 13979 : 1994

BS 845-1 : 1987

ASME PTC 4.1


(Abbreviated)

GCV or NCV

GCV or NCV

Only GCV

Solid or liquid fuels

Solid, Liquid or
Gaseous fuels

Any Single Fuel

Solid Fuels

6 Hours

2 Hours

4 Hours

Liquid or Gaseous Fuel

4 Hours

1 Hour

4 Hours

Frequency of observation

15 Minutes

10 Minutes

15 Minutes

Radiation Loss estimation

Based on table for standard


boiler types

Corrections

Unit System Used

Based on table for


standard boiler Based on ABMA chart
types

Applicable for deviations


from specified conditions

No provision

Applicable for
deviations from
specified conditions

M.K.S.

S.I.

F.P.S.

S.No.

Construction Type

Efficiency on N.C.V.

Exit flue gas temperature (C)

Oil fired smoke tube

87

200-220

Oil fired water tube

89

160-180

Gas fired smoke tube

87

220

Gas fired water tube

89

160

Coal fired stationary grate

75

220

Coal fired travelling grate

78

180

Coal fired F.B.C.

83

180

Biomass fired stationary grate

75

220-260

Biomass fired travelling grate

78

160-180

10

Biomass fired F.B.C.

80

160-180

11

Power station steam generator

91.5/88 (on G.C.V.)

140

STANDARDS

& LABELING IS A PROMINENT


AND
POWERFUL
INSTRUMENT
FOR
PROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY.

BUREAU

OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY (BEE)


HAS ALREADY IMPLEMENTED S & L
PROGRAMS FOR REFRIGERATORS, TFLS,
ACs, TRANSFORMERS, MOTORS, PUMPS,
FANS, TV, LPG STOVE, WATER GEYSERS,
WASHING MACHINES AND LAPTOPS.

AROUND

1500 BOILERS ARE SOLD PER YEAR


OF CAPACITY UP TO 10 TPH.

CONSIDERING

EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT
OF 2-4 % SAVING OF 3.2 MILLION MTOE
(METRIC TONNE OF OIL EQUIVALENT) AND
CO2 REDUCTION OF 11 MILLION TONNES
OVER A PERIOD OF 10 YEARS CAN BE
ACHIEVED.

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