BIOLOGY; KEEPING HEALTHY B1 1.1 B1 1.

10
Diet and exercise
Define the term balanced diet

Define the term malnourished

What does a healthy diet contain?

Why does a pregnant woman need more energy than a woman who isnt pregnant?

Why do athletes need more food than the average person?

Define the metabolic rate

Do men or women have a higher metabolic rate? Why is this?

Weight problems
What health problems are linked to obesity?

What are the three main ways you could lose mass?

Why do people who are very thing, and some people who are obese, suffer from deficiency
diseases?

One slimming program controls your food intake, another controls your food intake and also
has an exercise programme. Which do you think would be most effective? Explain your
answer

Inheritance, exercise and health

How do inherited factors affect your health?

Why do we need cholesterol in our body?

How does exercise help to keep you healthy?

How could you change your cholesterol levels?

Pathogens and disease

What are pathogens? name two common pathogens, and explain their differences.

How do pathogens cause disease?

Give five examples of things we now know we can do to reduce the spread of pathogens to
lower the risk of disease.

Defence mechanisms
What are the four main ways infectious diseases are spread?

What are the three main ways the body prevents pathogens getting in?

Explain in detail how white blood cells in your body work

Using drugs to treat disease

Why dont medicines like aspirin actually cure your illness?

What is an antibiotic?

How do antibiotics work?

How did Alexander Fleming discover penicillin? Why was it so difficult to make a medicine out
of penicillin? Who developed the industrial process which made it possible to mass-produce
penicillin?

Growing and investigating bacteria

What is agar jelly?

Why must everything be sterilised before starting a culture?

Explain the terms inoculate and incubate.

Why dont we culture bacteria at 37oC in a school lab?

What might limit the growth of the bacteria in a culture on a petri dish?

Changing pathogens
What is antibiotic resistance?

Make a flow chart to show how bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics.

Why is it important not to use antibiotics too frequently?

What is MRSA a bacterium or a virus? What affect has MRSA had in hospitals?

Immunity
What is an antigen?

What is an antibody?

What is a vaccination? Explain how vaccines use your natural immune system to protect
against serious diseases.

Give an example of one bacterial and one viral disease which you can be immunised against.

Explain why vaccines can be used against both bacterial and viral diseases but antibiotics
only work against bacteria.

How do we deal with disease?

List the advantages and disadvantages of being vaccinated