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Basics of SAPTraining
Standard
estimate& Education Cost Partnership
costing
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created by Hrusikesh Dalai on Nov 19, 2013 7:43 PM, last modified by Hrusikesh Dalai on Sep 30, 2014 8:02 PM
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This document is in continuation of my first document Basics of SAP Standard Cost estimate- Understanding the flow of
cost settings-Part 1
http://scn.sap.com/docs/DOC-48908. This is basic and structural way of documenting the steps
involved in defining Costing Variant.
This document explains the costing Variant configuration and components assigned to costing variant like Valuation
variant, Qty structure Control, Transfer Control and Assignments. originally i thought of writing only 2 parts to complete it
but it seems it will need few more parts to complete.This document is intended to explain the cost flows to a standard
cost estimate. Explaining various settings in background as previous part.
Costing Variant
T CODE OKKN- Define Costing variant and name it. For analysis purpose we are taking PPC1.

Screenshot 1
Then double click on PPC1 and configure other parameters.

Screenshot 2
Now let's understand each of these parameters and its assignment..
Control
1-Costing type- The costing type enables you to specify the purpose of a cost estimate.
Click on create Costing type n existing or create a new one, or define it using T-code OKKI
In Save parameter tab selec Start with Period ( Most commonly used),

Communications

Actions

Screenshot 3
In Price Update tab select Standard price. The reason we select standard price because we want to calculate standard
cost.

Screenshot 4
2-Valuation variant- T CODE OKK4
This is most important part of configuration, We will understand the importance of Different tabs.
For Material valuation,Internal Activity,Sub-Contracting, Overhead and Misc.

Screenshot 5
If you want to use different valuation strategies or different overhead rates in plants that belong to the same company
code, you can define plant-specific valuation variants by assigning a valuation variant to a plant. Choose the push button
Valuation variant/plant. If you don't do this, the valuation variants apply to all your plants.
Here I have created a Valuation variant in a plant then most important part comes is Material valuation
Here we define how do we wanted our Material to be valuated Strategy Sequence. The one above used is most
commonly used however it can be modified according to Business requirement.
For material valuation, you can choose up to five (5) strategies for each valuation variant.
-Planned price-According Planned price in Costing 2 tab of Material master (MM03 view)
During cost run or standard costing if this has maintained the system will consider this value first.
-In case the system did not find price in priority 1 , It goes to priority 2 Valuation Price accordingly to Price control in

Material master, Costing 2 tab (MM03 view)

-L Price from Purchasing Info Record-This one used in case of outside buy or sub contract materials. And for this we
also maintain a sub sequence that too in Sequence wise.
Explore more options in TCODE OKK4 and understand each options and its usage.
Internal Activity Here you define the sequence in which the system searches for prices in activity type planning or
actual activity price calculation in Cost Center Accounting or Activity-Based Costing to valuate the utilized activity types
and business processes. You also specify which plan/actual version is used.

Screenshot 6
For activity types/processes, you can choose up to three (3) activity prices for each valuation variant.
In the above example I have selected 1 planned price for the period option as per planning data in Cost center planning/
activity planning (TCODE-KP26/KP06 We will see more in next document Part 3)
Subcontracting Here you define the sequence in which the system searches for prices in the purchasing info record. In
purchasing, the quota arrangements are used to create a mixed price for materials that are manufactured with external
vendors with parts provided by the customer. You can specify whether the quota of the individual vendors that are
entered in the list for the material to be processed should be determined through the planned quota arrangement or the
actual quota arrangement.
For subcontracting, you can choose up to three (3) strategies for each valuation variant

Screenshot 7
I have selected 3 Net Quotation price from Info record where as there is 8 other options out there which you can select
according to your business need. Quotation in Purchasing i have selected Actual Quota Arrangement you have an
option of Planning Quota Arrangement as well to select as per business need.
External Processing-Here you define the sequence in which the system searches for prices in the purchasing info
record or routing operation for valuation of the external activities

Screenshot 8
I have selected Net purchase order price here however for external processing, you can choose up to three (3)
strategies for each valuation variant. Based on Business requirement you can select priorities amongst 9 Strategies
available in standard SAP.
Overhead Costs
You can link the valuation variant for definition of overhead to a costing sheet. You can also enter a costing sheet for the
allocation of overhead to raw materials, if you want to use specific overhead conditions for raw materials.
If you want to differentiate overhead application according to material groups, you must have defined overhead groups
(T CODE OKZ2) and made the necessary settings for the costing sheet in the step Define costing sheet (T CODE KZA1I will explain that in My Next Document). Here in the example I liked a Costing sheet for our analysis purpose.
You can also specify whether overhead is calculated for subcontracted materials in material costing.
Miscellaneous-Price Factors

Screenshot 9
If you want to use the valuation variant for inventory costing, you can link it with price factors.
Specify whether the factors of the relevancy to costing indicator should be valid for all valuation variants or only for
particular valuation variants.
If you enter three plus signs (+++) as the valuation variant, the factors are valid for all valuation variants that do not have
specific entries. I have selected this option for our analysis purpose
If you specify a particular valuation variant, the system uses the associated relevancy to costing indicator and the
associated factors. Enter a relevancy to costing indicator for each line. Enter a factor for the fixed costs and a factor for
the variable costs.
3-Date Control
Key that controls the dates for material cost estimates.
For example you can use date control to define the day for selecting the quantity structure when costing with a quantity
structure

Screenshot 10
When you checked manual entry that means during cost estimate you can manually change the date according to your
requirement.

4-Qty Structure ControlYou can use the quantity structure control to specify how the system selects a bill of material and a routing for the
material to be costed.
You define the quantity structure control in Customizing for Product Cost Planning. The quantity structure control can
apply to either a specific plant or to all plants. You enter the quantity structure control in the costing variant. When the
cost estimate is created, the system selects the quantity structure control ID through the costing variant.
When you create a cost estimate for a material, you always use a costing variant. This variant is the link between the
cost estimate and the quantity structure control.

Screenshot 11
I have selected BOM application PC01 and selection ID 05 (TCODE OS30 define BOM Application, A PP Functionality)

Screenshot 12
The BOM application controls the following:
The order of priority of the BOM usages (selection ID), When a BOM is required to embrace various enterprise areas (in
other words, it has several BOM usages), you can determine which usage will be selected by the system first by using a
selection ID.
The priority of an alternative BOM for a specific multiple BOM, You can control which alternative BOM the system selects
as of a certain date for a specific material, taking into account the plant and the BOM usage. You can use the application
to determine whether the system takes this specification into account or ignores it.
Whether the system includes only those BOMs with a status containing particular status indicators
An alternative BOM is only exploded if the BOM status contains the indicator required in the application.
You can check the BOM application and the parameters that are linked to it in Customizing for Product Cost Planning.
I have selected Routing 01 ( TCODE OPEB can be used to define automatic selection, A PP functionality)

Screenshot 13
The routing selection ID determines how the system selects a routing. You can define several priorities. You assign
selection criteria (task list type, task list usage, and task list status) to each of these priorities.
The routing that corresponds to the selection criteria with the highest selection priority is selected. If, however, no
alternative routing can be found, the system continues searching using the selection criteria of the next selection priority.

When determining the BOM and routing, the system also checks, Whether the BOM and the routing are valid on the
quantity structure date (refer date Control screenshot 10). Whether the lot size in the BOM and in the routing are the
same as the costing lot size.
4-Transfer ControlIn this step you define parameters for partial costing. You use partial costing to prevent the system from creating a new
cost estimate for a material when costing data already exist. Instead, the existing costing data is simply transferred into
the new cost estimate. This improves performance.

Screenshot 14
Single-Plant Transfer -If cost estimates for certain materials already exist in the individual levels of the BOM, they are not
recosted. Rather, the existing costing data is transferred into the cost estimate in accordance with the transfer control.
If you always want to recost, choose the transfer control No transfer.
Cross-Plant Transfer-The special procurement types are used for material cost estimates:
Transfer from other plant, Withdrawal in other plant, Production in other plant
Strategy Sequences for Single-Plant and Cross-Plant Transfer-You can define up to three strategies for single-plant
transfer and three strategies for cross-plant transfer. The strategy sequence determines the order in which the system
searches for costing data. If the system cannot select a cost estimate even after reaching the end of the strategy
sequence, it explodes the BOM of the material and creates a new cost estimate.
Qty Struct.Pass on Lot Size- Controls whether the system determines the costing lot size using the lot size of the highest material
in the BOM and the input quantities of the components.
1) Do not pass on lot size
If this indicator is not selected, the materials further down in the structure are costed in accordance with the lot size in
the costing view of the material master record. When the materials in the next-highest costing level are costed, the
costing results of the semifinished materials are converted to the lot size of the finished material to calculate the material
costs for the finished product.
2) Pass on lot size only with individual requirement
In the MRP view of the material master record, you can specify that a material is planned as an individual requirement. If
such a material is added to another material, costing uses the lot size of the highest material.
3) Always pass on lot size
Here, the costs for all the materials in a multi-level BOM are calculated using the costing lot size of the highest material.
This function is used principally in sales order costing.

Screenshot 15
Ignore Product Cost Estimate without Quantity StructureDetermines whether a cost estimate with quantity structure can access data that was produced by a cost estimate
without quantity structure
You set this indicator if you do not want to work with a cost estimate without quantity structure.
If this indicator is set, the system will ignore data produced by a cost estimate without quantity structure when selecting
the BOM as well as when costing. Instead, the system will attempt to calculate the costs of manufacturing the material

using an existing BOM or an existing operation.

In the costing view of the material master record, you can use the With quantity structure indicator to specify that the
material should be costed either with or without a quantity structure. If the Ignore cost estimate w/o qty structure
indicator in the costing variant is set, the system will ignore the entry in the material master record.
Addictive Cost
You use additive costing to add costs manually to a material cost estimate when they cannot be calculated by the
system. Examples of such costs are freight charges, insurance costs, stock transfer costs, incomplete or changed
BOMs, and routings.
As a rule, costing calculates the costs of a material on the basis of the quantity structure. This type of cost estimate is
performed automatically by the system. However, you can also manually enter estimated values for costs that cannot be
calculated by the system. This allows you to add costs to a cost estimate that was calculated automatically.

Screenshot 16

When you cost materials, the system determines the BOM for the material, and selects a price for the valuation
of the material components through the valuation variant. If you set the Incl. additive costs indicator in the
valuation variant, the system looks for any existing additive cost estimates for the material. The system adds
the costs entered manually to the costs calculated by the system. The costs in the automatic cost estimate and
the additive cost estimate are added together for each cost component.
Update

Screenshot 17
Update Allowed- Indicator that determines whether a cost estimate can be saved.
Dependencies
Since the cost estimate must be saved if the costing results are to be used further, you must set this indicator.
Examples of further use of the costing results
1. Update in the price fields of the material master:
As the standard price: the results of the standard cost estimate
As the tax or commercial law price: the results of the inventory cost estimate
As special planned prices 1,2,3: the results of all cost estimates
1. Use of the costing results in Cost Object Controlling for:
Variance calculation
WIP calculation
Results analysis
Assignments-We will know more about Cost Component Structure in my next part, I have already explained in my
first part about costing version.

Screenshot 18
Cost component Structure Specifies which costs are contained in the cost component split. You can use the cost
component structure to specify that certain costs
Remain visible in the cost estimate are passed on to Profitability Analysis.

MISC.-Parameters for Error Management

Controls how messages (information messages, warning messages, and error messages) are collected within an
application.

Screenshot 19
Online Messages-The messages are issued individually from the status bar. The log function is inactive in the cost
estimate.
Messages logged and saved, mail inactive ,The messages are collected in a log, which can be saved. The messages
cannot be sent.
Messages logged and saved, mail active, The messages are collected in a log, which can be saved. The messages can
be sent to the person responsible for correcting the error.Messages logged, saving not possible, mail inactive, The
messages are collected in a log, which can be processed online, but not saved.
Note
To be able to use a costing variant for the costing run, you must save the log.
This is a long Document i tried to capture each and every aspects of Costing variant. We will see some more
configuration and explanation about it in my Next Part. I will try to close this document series in my next part if its too
lengthy then i will try to put together a separate document.
Intention of creating this document is to reach out to the newbies and beginners and those who wanted to know and
understand the flow of Standard Costing. i will update the document as n when some more points needs to be included
or any suggestion from Experts.
Refer to next Document here- http://scn.sap.com/docs/DOC-49425-Basics of Standard Costing - Understanding
the Cost Component Structure-Part 3
Refer to previous document here- http://scn.sap.com/docs/DOC-48908- Basics of SAP Standard Cost estimateUnderstanding the flow of cost settings-Part 1
Best Regards
Hrusikesh Dalai

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Products: sap_erp_financials, sap_erp_manufacturing_production_planning, sap_finance_and_controlling_accelerator
Topics: business_process_management, enterprise_resource_planning Tasks: planning Tags: scn, sap, sapmentor, beginner,
erp, business_process_expert, sap_developer_network, excel, accelerator, alv, material, order, sales, co-pa,
materials_management, standard, mm, pp, mrp, erp_financials, controlling, costing, cost, fico, financials, sd, bapi, center,
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mandate, costing_variant, sepa_sdd_frst, fico-beginers, stock_requirements_list, single_euro_payments_area, fico-ps,
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32 Comments
David Feng Nov 19, 2013 9:26 PM

Hrusikesh,
Well done again, It might have taken quite a bit time to put together how are you managing time?
Are you able sleep
Good way to contribute and write for the community

Keep it UP
Cheers
David
Like (1)

Hrusikesh Dalai Nov 25, 2013 4:51 PM (in response to David Feng)

David,
Thank You for feedback, i appreciate the comment.Yes it is not that hard to take couple of
minutes each day out of your schedule and spend it on SCN. its worth and i am learning from
it too.
BR
Hrusikesh
Like (0)

Prasad Swain Nov 20, 2013 5:58 PM

It took me few hours to read it but i am still trying to understand. so how many more documents coming
up with regards to costing. quite intersting to see the series.
Eagerly waiting for your next documents. Hopefully i can summerize at the end.
take care and keep sharing
Prasad.
Like (1)

Hrusikesh Dalai Nov 25, 2013 4:54 PM (in response to Prasad Swain)

Prasad,
I appreciate your effort reading it and commenting it. originally i thought of only coming up
with 2 documents but now it will be a 5-6 series document. I will try to summarize
end

it at the

BR
Hrusikesh
Like (0)

Dawood Khalid Nov 25, 2013 7:02 AM

You are doing a good job, i'm waiting for your 3rd document...
Like (2)

Hrusikesh Dalai Nov 25, 2013 4:55 PM (in response to Dawood Khalid)

thank you for your kind words. yes i am trying to get it together hopefully it will out soon.
BR
Hrusikesh
Like (0)

Rajneesh Saxena Nov 25, 2013 6:18 PM

Bravo Hrushi
Very good one, at many places I felt that I am reading SAP Docs. Great writing effort. Keep it up.
God bless.
Regards
Rajneesh Saxena

Like (1)

Hrusikesh Dalai Nov 25, 2013 6:55 PM (in response to Rajneesh Saxena)

Rajneesh,
Thank you for reading it,I appreciate your honest comment. yes you are right most of my
explanation are based on SAP help links and F1 however i just try to put together every piece
in one place so that it may be helpful to Newbies as the document is intended for beginners
and those who are less familiar with Costing variant.
BR
Hrusikesh

Like (0)

raja sekhar Nov 26, 2013 10:08 AM

HI Hrusikesh Dalai,
Good one.
I am also felt the same what Mr. Rajneesh felt. Instead of F1 help try to elaborate with examples so
that would be helpful to Newbies.
Keep it up.
Regards
Raja Sekahr A
Like (1)

Hrusikesh Dalai Nov 26, 2013 2:35 PM (in response to raja sekhar)

Hello Mr Raja Sekahr A,

I appreciate your sincere comment. Thanks for reading it
BR
Hrusikesh
Like (0)

Lakshmi Sama Nov 29, 2013 11:43 AM

Hi Hrusikesh,
I am really appreciating your efforts. Please explain the issue with suitable examples so that it will
reach the audience correctly.
Thanks & Regards,
Lakshmi S
Like (1)

Hrusikesh Dalai Dec 2, 2013 4:24 PM (in response to Lakshmi Sama)

Thank you Lakshmi for reading it, I appreciate your sincere feedback.
yes in this document i tried to put together different settings required for costing variant. i will
try to sum up and give some examples at the end of the series with some of the issues we
face in Product costing.
BR
Hrusikesh
Like (2)

Naresh Krishnamoorthy Dec 3, 2013 5:18 AM

Helpful one...Thanks.
BR,
Naresh K.
Like (1)

Hrusikesh Dalai Dec 3, 2013 8:10 PM (in response to Naresh Krishnamoorthy)

Thanks Naresh
Like (0)

vasu sara Dec 4, 2013 1:22 AM

Hi Hrusikesh dalai
your approach of explainig is good, hope to see your next posting at the earliest,
thank you
Regards
SRini

Like (1)

Hrusikesh Dalai Dec 4, 2013 1:48 AM (in response to vasu sara)

Hello Srini,
Thank you for your kind words, I am glad you like it. next part is part 3 you can refer the link i
will post part 4 soon.
Thanks
Hrusikesh
Like (0)

Sampat Kumkar Jan 3, 2014 11:58 AM

Hi Hrusikesh
Thanks for sharing good documents now going to Part III as well..
Thanks
Sampat
Like (1)

Hrusikesh Dalai Jan 3, 2014 2:56 PM (in response to Sampat Kumkar)

Thank You Sampat appreciate your valuable feedback.

BR
Sampat
Like (0)

kesevan venkatesan Jan 3, 2014 12:06 PM

Good job Hrusikesh.....

Many thanks...
Regards,
Kesevan.
Like (1)

Hrusikesh Dalai Jan 3, 2014 2:56 PM (in response to kesevan venkatesan)

Thanks Kesevan,
BR
Hrusikesh
Like (0)

Sada Bandla Feb 14, 2014 10:09 AM

Dear

Hrusikesh Dalai thank you for sharing knowledge..

Regards
Sada Bandla
Like (1)

Hrusikesh Dalai Feb 14, 2014 7:44 PM (in response to Sada Bandla)

Thank You for your valuable comment

Like (0)

Devendra F Feb 19, 2014 1:25 PM

Hi,
Those are five star series,
Devendra
Like (0)

Hrusikesh Dalai Apr 3, 2014 5:20 PM (in response to Devendra F)

once again Thanks for those 5 stars!

Like (0)

Eric Chen Nov 26, 2014 9:41 AM

Nice document, very clear for cost estimate, thanks for sharing.
keep posting.
Like (1)

Hrusikesh Dalai Dec 18, 2014 11:24 PM (in response to Eric Chen)

Thanks Eric
Like (0)

Santosh Sharma Dec 1, 2014 1:41 PM

Nice documents. thanks for sharing....

Like (1)

Hrusikesh Dalai Dec 18, 2014 11:24 PM (in response to Santosh Sharma)

Thanks Santosh
Like (0)

Suraj Sudam Kamble Apr 7, 2015 4:59 PM

very informative
Like (1)

Hrusikesh Dalai Aug 27, 2015 3:22 PM (in response to Suraj Sudam Kamble)

Thanks Suraj
Like (0)

siddharth chotalia Jun 18, 2015 8:40 AM

Good Job.....explain in detailed about costing variant.

Like (1)

Hrusikesh Dalai Aug 27, 2015 3:22 PM (in response to siddharth chotalia)

Thanks Siddharth
Like (0)

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