Chapter 9 Preview - DNA

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____

1. In order to show that DNA in cell extracts is responsible for genetic transformation in of bacteria, important
corroborating evidence should indicate that _______ also destroyed transforming activity.
a. enzymes that hydrolyzed proteins
b. enzymes that hydrolyzed DNA
c. enzymes that hydrolyzed polysaccharides
d. boilinge. enzymes that hydrolyze RNA.

____

2. If adenine makes up 20 percent of the bases in a sample of double-stranded DNA, what percentage of the
bases would be uracil?
a. 0
b. 10
c. 15
d. 20
e. 30

____

3. If guanine makes up 20 percent of the bases in a sample of double-stranded DNA, what percentage of the
bases would be cytosine?
a. 15
b. 20
c. 30
d. 40
e. 60

____

4. If adenine makes up 20 percent of the bases in a sample of double-stranded DNA, what percentage of the
bases would be cytosine?
a. 15
b. 30
c. 35
d. 40
e. 70

____

5. Which of the following statements about DNA structure is false?

a. The 3' end is phosphorylated.
b. It is a double-stranded helix.
c. It has a uniform diameter.
d. It is a right-handed helix.
e. It is antiparallel (the two strands run in opposite directions).

____

6. A-T base pairs in a DNA double helix

a. are not accessible to DNA binding proteins.
b. form three hydrogen bonds with each other.
c. are of a different length than G-C base pairs.
d. are more heat stable than G-C base pairs.
e. are chemically distinct from G-C base pairs.

____

7. The 5' end of a DNA strand

a. is part of the template strand during DNA replication.

b.
c.
d.
e.

does not contain a phosphate group on the ribose.

is part of the growing strand during DNA replication.
is the end of both strands of DNA in a double helix.
could contain the base, uridine.

____

8. Which of the following is not used for DNA synthesis?

a. dCTP
b. dTTP
c. dUTP
d. dGTP
e. dATP

____

9. The replication of lagging strands of DNA differs from the replication of leading strands in that
a. DNA is replicated as short fragments.
b. RNA primers are required.
c. DNA ligase is needed.
d. primase is required.
e. All of the above

____ 10. In many eukaryotes, there are repetitive sequences at the ends of chromosomes called telomeres. After
successive rounds of DNA replication, the _______ strand becomes shorter. In some cells, an enzyme called
_______ repairs the shortened strand.
a. lagging; telomerase
b. leading; DNA polymerase I
c. leading; replicase
d. lagging; DNA polymerase I
e. leading; telomerase
____ 11. Which of the following statements about repairing errors in DNA replication is false?
a. During DNA replication, guanine may be incorrectly paired with thymine, requiring repair.
b. After replication, mismatch repair proteins excise a small portion of the DNA molecule
that includes the mismatched bases.
c. DNA polymerase I replaces the removed section of DNA with the correct bases.
d. DNA topoisomerase repairs the remaining nicks in the newly replicated strand.
e. During DNA replication, DNA polymerase proofreads the growing strand and replaces
incorrectly paired nucleotides before continuing replication.
____ 12. The polymerase chain reaction requires
a. one specific DNA oligonucleotide as a primer.
b. single-stranded DNA as a template.
c. a heat resistant RNA polymerase.
d. cyclical denaturation and binding of double-stranded DNA.
e. primase.
____ 13. In multicellular organisms
a. somatic mutations are passed on to offspring produced by sexual reproduction.
b. somatic mutations may be passed to daughter cells by mitosis.
c. all mutations produce phenotypic changes.
d. meiosis is not required for the transmission of germ line mutations to the next generation.
e. all mutations are point mutations.
____ 14. Mutations
a. are always deleterious.

b.
c.
d.
e.

can arise from errors in DNA replication.

are always caused by mutagens
occur at the same rate for all bases.
are of no importance to evolution.

____ 15. A silent mutation

a. is a result of a change in a codon for an amino acid in a protein to a stop codon.
b. results in a shorter mRNA transcript of the gene.
c. results in a protein that is truncated from the N-terminal end.
d. would likely not affect the activity of a protein.
e. would not affect the primary structure of a protein.
____ 16. A mutant strain of yeast grew well at 20C, but not at 37C, whereas the wild-type strain grew well at both
temperatures. The mutation is an example of a
a. conditional mutation.
b. missense mutation.
c. point mutation.
d. frame-shift mutation.
e. gain-of-function mutation.
____ 17. A point mutation
a. is a result of a chromosomal deletion.
b. is always silent.
c. does not occur in noncoding regions of DNA.
d. is a change in a single nucleotide of DNA.
e. is not transmitted to daughter cells.
____ 18. Which of the following mutations is not a chromosomal mutation?
a. Large deletions
b. Inversions
c. Point mutations
d. Translocations
e. Duplications
____ 19. Which of the following mechanisms does not cause spontaneous mutations to occur?
a. Errors during DNA replication
b. Errors during meiosis
c. Spontaneous chemical reactions during DNA replication
d. DNA pairing with the wrong base
e. A mutagen causing a permanent change in DNA sequence
____ 20. Which of the following mutagens may result in an induced mutation?
a. Ultraviolet radiation
b. Benzopyrene
c. Aflatoxin
d. Free radicals
e. All of the above

Chapter 9 Preview - DNA

Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: Page 167
TOP: Concept 9.1 DNA Structure Reflects Its Role as the Genetic Material
SKL: 2. Understanding
2. ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: Page 169
TOP: Concept 9.1 DNA Structure Reflects Its Role as the Genetic Material
SKL: 4. Analyzing
3. ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: Page 169
TOP: Concept 9.1 DNA Structure Reflects Its Role as the Genetic Material
SKL: 3. Applying
4. ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: Page 169
TOP: Concept 9.1 DNA Structure Reflects Its Role as the Genetic Material
SKL: 4. Analyzing
5. ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: Page 169-170
TOP: Concept 9.1 DNA Structure Reflects Its Role as the Genetic Material
SKL: 2. Understanding
6. ANS: E
PTS: 1
REF: Page 169-170 | Page 172
TOP: Concept 9.1 DNA Structure Reflects Its Role as the Genetic Material| Concept 9.2 DNA Replicates
Semiconservatively SKL: 2. Understanding
7. ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: Page 172-175
TOP: Concept 9.2 DNA Replicates Semiconservatively
SKL: 2. Understanding
8. ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: Page 173
TOP: Concept 9.2 DNA Replicates Semiconservatively
SKL: 1. Remembering
9. ANS: E
PTS: 1
REF: Page 175
TOP: Concept 9.2 DNA Replicates Semiconservatively
SKL: 2. Understanding
10. ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: Page 176-177
TOP: Concept 9.2 DNA Replicates Semiconservatively
SKL: 2. Understanding
11. ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: Page 177-178
TOP: Concept 9.2 DNA Replicates Semiconservatively
SKL: 2. Understanding
12. ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: Page 178-179
TOP: Concept 9.2 DNA Replicates Semiconservatively
SKL: 4. Analyzing
13. ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: Page 179
TOP: Concept 9.3 Mutations Are Heritable Changes in DNA
SKL: 2. Understanding
14. ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: Page 179
TOP: Concept 9.3 Mutations Are Heritable Changes in DNA
SKL: 2. Understanding
15. ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: Page 180
TOP: Concept 9.3 Mutations Are Heritable Changes in DNA
SKL: 3. Applying
16. ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: Page 180
TOP: Concept 9.3 Mutations Are Heritable Changes in DNA
SKL: 2. Understanding
17. ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: Page 180-181
TOP: Concept 9.3 Mutations Are Heritable Changes in DNA
SKL: 1. Remembering
18. ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: Page 181-182
TOP: Concept 9.3 Mutations Are Heritable Changes in DNA
SKL: 2. Understanding
19. ANS: E
PTS: 1
REF: Page 182-183

TOP: Concept 9.3 Mutations Are Heritable Changes in DNA

SKL: 3. Applying
20. ANS: E
PTS: 1
REF: Page 183-184
TOP: Concept 9.3 Mutations Are Heritable Changes in DNA
SKL: 3. Applying