Area Classification AKZO NOBEL

Guideline Area
Classification Drawings
P.J.B.H. Peters
Akzo Nobel Engineering
AGCO-TE
Arnhem
Project nr. 970107A
Date: November 13, 2000

Ref.: AGCO-TE/97.0107A
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Guideline Area Classification Drawings
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CONTENTS
1
2
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.3.3
4.4
4.5
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
6
6.1
6.2
7
8
9
10
11
General
Information Gathering
Obligation to Area Classification
Classification of flammable materials (simplified)
Amount in the open air
Amount inside a closed building
Area Classification Procedure
Leakage sources
Zones
Influences of ventilation on the Area Classification
Types of ventilation systems
Degree of ventilation
Availability of ventilation
Determining the class of the zones
Typical Area Classification for coatings plant.
Determining the extent and borders of a zone
Open air conditions
Gasses heavier then air
Gasses lighter then air
Gasses substantial lighter then air
Walls and obstacles
Air locks
Area Classification Documents
Area Classification Report
Area Classification Drawing
Consequences from EU Directives / ATEX
Checklist for Area Classification (existing installations)
IEC / CENELEC vs. USA PRACTICES
Applicable Standards
Examples of sources of release
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nor submitted to third parties for copying, without permission of the company.
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Annex no.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Title
Sample form for the listing of flammable materials.
Flowchart 1:Obligation to Area Classification
Flowchart 2: Determining the class of the zone
Flowchart 3: Determining the extent of a zone.
Basic example no.1 Gasses heavier than air
Basic example no.2 Gasses lighter than air
Basic example no.3 Gasses substantial lighter than air.
Basic example no.4 Influence of walls on the extents of a zone
Basic example no.5 Airlocks and openings
Mixing room in a coatings factory
Example of combined AC report/drawing
Example of an AC drawing AE no. A2-1.792.077
Page no.
Disclaimer
This Guideline makes no pretence to completeness and cannot supersede national
standards or local provisions. Akzo Nobel Engineering or the authors cannot be held liable
for any damage attributed to use of this Guideline.
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GENERAL
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This Manual provides information on setting up an Area Classification Drawing (ACD), as

a result of the Hazardous Area Classification Procedure, for plants handling and processing
potentially explosive liquids gasses and vapors.
Comprehensive guidance and information about Area Classification, including a schematic
approach to area classification, is given in IEC 79-10. This document should be referred to in
all cases where Area Classification is required.
The manual makes no pretence to completeness and cannot supersede national standards
or local provisions Akzo Nobel Engineering or the authors cannot be held liable for any
damage attributed to use of this manual.
Why do you need an Area Classification Drawing?
As a result of Counsel Directive 89/655/EEC minimum safety and health requirements
for the use of work equipment by workers at work.
The Council Directive 89/391/EEC (measures to encourage improvements in the
safety and health of workers at work.) requires an employer to draw up an explosion
protection document, or set of documents, and to carry out a risk assessment. The
production of an Area classification drawing will enable both of these requirements to
be met- the preparation of such a drawing involves a risk assessment.
To ensure that the boundaries of hazardous areas are clearly defined, so that
electrical equipment can be selected accordingly.
It will help to ensure that fires and explosions do not occur and hence that production
is not interrupted.
Because of the increasing demands of insurance companies.
Consideration of hazardous area issues should begin very early in the design process.
It is recommended that the procedure will be based on the source of release methodology
as set down in IEC 79-10. This standard refers specifically to gases and vapors but the
methodology is broadly applicable to dusts. Dust explosion however forms no part of this
manual.
The basic approach to Area Classification for a dust is analogous to that used for gasses,
vapors and liquids. For that reason, this document refers throughout to flammable materials,
to encompass all these potential hazards. However, differences in the behavior of dusts
require a different approach to determine zone extents.
It is recommended that Area Classification is undertaken in such a way that the various
steps, which lead to the final area classification, are properly documented.
Setting up an ACD forms a part of the hazardous Area Classification.
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Area Classification should in general be carried according following diagram:
Collection and collation of both information and property

data and amount of the flammable materials.
See chapter 2.
Determine if Area Classification is compulsory

See chapter 3
Determine the class of the zones

See chapter 4
Definition of the zone boundaries

See chapter 5
Preparation of the Area Classification report and the Area

Classification Drawing
See chapter 6
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INFORMATION GATHERING
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Besides the determination of the amount of flammable material present in or outside the
building, all flammable materials used in the process and their critical properties, as
described below, shall be listed, using a form similar to the one shown at annex 1.
2.1
Flammable materials:
A gas, vapor, liquid (or dust), the release of which could form a flammable atmosphere and
can be divided into flammable gasses or liquids and liquefied-pressured gasses.
2.2
Flashpoint:
The lowest liquid temperature at which, a liquid gives off vapors in a quantity such as to be
capable of forming an ignitable vapor/air mixture.
2.3
Ignition temperature:
The lowest temperature of a heated surface at which, the ignition of the easiest ignitable
vapor/air mixture will occur.
2.4
Temperature class:
Electrical equipment is divided into temperature classes according to the maximum
permissible surface temperature
IEC/European
Max. surface temperature
Ignition temperature of
Temperature Class
of electrical apparatus
gas or vapor
2.5
(F)
T1
450
(842)
>450
T2
300
(572)
>300
T3
200
(392)
>200
T4
135
(275)
>135
T5
100
(212)
>100
T6
85
(185)
> 85
Lower explosion limit (LEL)

The concentration of flammable gas or vapor in air, below which the gas atmosphere is not
explosive.
2.6
Upper explosion limits (UEL):

The concentration of flammable gas or vapor in air, above which the gas atmosphere is not
explosive
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2.7
Explosiongroup:
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Explosion protected electrical equipment is divided into 2 groups.

Industrial plants, other than mines, are related to Group II.
For the types of protection Eex(d) and Eex(i) electrical apparatus of group II is subdivided
into gasgroups: IIA, IIB and IIC, depending on the danger level of the gas or vapor
atmosphere in which they are operated. Equipment of group IIC is suitable for use in the
most dangerous atmospheres.
See also table 9.2 for an example of explosion groups.
3
OBLIGATION TO AREA CLASSIFICATION

Area Classification shall be carried out whenever flammable materials are present in
quantities exceeding the limits in sections 3.2 and 3.3.
Flowchart no.1 on annex 2 gives guidance on this subject.
3.1
Classification of flammable materials. (Simplified)

In this guideline the following classification of flammable liquids is used.
Class
Limits of Flashpoint
Class 0
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4
< 0 C and boilingpoint < 35C

> 0 C < 21 C
> 21 C < 55 C
> 55 C < 100 C
> 100C
Category
Very easy flammable

Easy flammable
Flammable
The classification has to be filled up in the list of flammable materials (annex 1).
Note:
Materials of class 0; class 1, as well as liquefied-pressured gasses always give cause for
area classification.
Liquids of class 2 and class 3 give cause for area classification if the flash point lies below
the maximum ambient temperature plus 3 C.
3.2
Amount in the open air

For installations in the open air or inside an open building (4.3.1) drawing up an ACD is
obliged if the amount of flammable materials exceed:
- 50 kg in case of gasses and class 0 liquids;
- 500 kg for class 1 liquids
- 5000 kg for class 2 and class 3 liquids.
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3.3
Amount inside closed buildings
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For installations inside closed buildings drawing up an ACD is obliged if the amount of
flammable materials exceeds:
- 5 kg in case of gasses and class 0 liquids;
- 50 kg for class 1 liquids
- 500 kg for class 2 and class 3 liquids.
4
AREA CLASSIFICATION PROCEDURE

Those who have knowledge of the properties of flammable materials, the process and the
equipment should carry out the Area Classification Procedure.
IEC79-10 describes in detail the way an area classification procedure, based on the source
of release methodology should be executed. This manual gives guidance only.
This IEC standard refers specifically to gases and vapors but in methodology is broadly
applicable to dusts.
4.1
Leakage sources
The basic elements for establishing the hazardous zone types are the identification of the
source of release and the determination of the grade of release. All points from which
flammable materials may be released from the process into the atmosphere should be
identified from e.g. the Process Flow Diagram.
Area classification does not require consideration of catastrophic failures such as vessel or
pipe rupture.
Each source (of release) should be assessed to define the grade of release to which it gives
rise. General rules for duration of these various grades for continuously running plant are:
CONTINUOUS GRADE OF RELEASE:
>100 hours per year or > 10% of operating time.
Examples of these nearly always leaking sources are:
Vent openings
Breathing valves
Atmospheric tanks
PRIMARY GRADE OF RELEASE:
A release is expected to occur periodically or occasionally during normal operation
10 1000 hours per year or 0.1-10% of operating time.
Normally locations where regular handling is taking place, or where components are
mounted which are made of fragile materials such as:
Loadingstations
Drip trays
Pump shaft seals
Sightglasses and levelgauges
Sampling points
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SECUNDARY GRADE OF RELEASE:

This is a release that is not likely to occur in normal operation and which, if it does occur, is
likely to do so infrequently and for short periods I.e. < 10 hours per year or < 0.1% of
operating time
This includes items like flanges and valves that are normally closed but under certain
circumstances could leak.
Each source of release can be divided into two classes of release rate.
SMALL RELEASE RATE:
Release < 1 gram per second.
SUBSTANTIAL RELEASE RATE:
Release > 1 and < 10 gram per second.
Note: Release rates > 10 gram per second should normally not occur.
4.2
Zones
Hazardous areas are classified into zones based upon the frequency of the occurrence and
duration of an explosive gas atmosphere:
ZONE 0:
An area in which an explosive gas atmosphere is present continuously or for long periods
( 1000 hours/year).
ZONE 1:
An area in which an explosive gas atmosphere is likely to occur in normal operation
(Between 10...1000 hours/year).
ZONE 2:
An area in which an explosive gas atmosphere is not likely to occur in normal operation, and
if it does occur, is likely to do so only infrequently and will exist for a short period only e.g. for
not more than 1 hour after a single release and for less than 10 hours/year total of all
releases within that zone.
4.3
Influences of ventilation on the Area Classification

Normally a continuous grade of release leads to a Zone 0 classification, a primary grade of
release to a Zone 1 and a secondary grade to a Zone 2. However the presence of normal or
forced ventilation may effect the size and/or shapes of zones and may also allow a particular
zone classification to be relaxed.
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4.3.1
Types of ventilation systems.
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NORMAL VENTILATION:
The movement of air caused by the wind and temperature gradients achieves this
ventilation. Following situations may occur:
OPEN AIR:
For outdoor areas, without substantial obstructions, normal ventilation will often be sufficient
to ensure dispersal of any explosive atmosphere. An air velocity of at least 0.5 m/s may be
assumed.
OPEN BUILDING:
The ventilation inside this type of building can be regarded as equivalent to that in open air,
if the building has open walls for at least 50% of the facade evenly divided over at least 3
walls. And a height of these openings of minimal 2.5 meter, in such a way that at floorlevel
and directly under the roof a free flow of air is possible.
GENERAL FORCED VENTILATION:
In comparison to normal ventilation, forced ventilation, provided by means of e.g. fans or
extractors, makes it possible to employ larger quantities of air. Normally a forced ventilation
system consists of fans installed in walls or roof.
LOCAL EXTRACTION:
This system exists of an air/vapor forced extraction system applied to an item of process
equipment which releases flammable vapor, or the extraction is applied to a small, ventilated
local area where an explosive atmosphere may otherwise occur.
Note:
A forced ventilation system or a local extraction shall meet the following requirements:
- Its effectiveness should be controlled and monitored
- Consideration should be given to the classification immediately outside the
extraction system discharge point.
4.3.2
Degree of ventilation
The effectiveness of the ventilation in controlling the dispersion and persistence of the
explosive atmosphere depends on the degree and availability of the ventilation system.
The following three degrees of ventilation are recognized:
RESTRICTED OR LOW VENTILATION (Degree VL)
This ventilation cannot control the concentration while release is in progress.
The conditions of the ventilation as described under the normal ventilation type, like open
air, or open building (4.3.1) will cope with this degree of ventilation.
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MEDIUM VENTILATION (Degree VM):

The ventilation system of this degree can control the concentration, resulting in a stable
situation in which the concentration beyond the zone boundary is below the LEL whilst
release is in progress and where the explosive atmosphere does not persist after release
has stopped.
General Forced Ventilation (4.3.1) must be capable to limit, at a foreseen total release, to
keep the average concentration of the gas below 10% of the LEL.
For calculations of the execution of this type of ventilation see IEC79-10.
HIGH VENTILATION (degree VH)
Can reduce the concentration at the source of release instantaneously, resulting in a
concentration below the lower explosive limit.
This result can generally be applied only to forced local extraction systems.
4.3.3
Availability of ventilation
Note: The demands for the availability of the ventilation system as described below differ
from IEC 79-10.
The area classification is also influenced by the availability of the installation.
Three levels of availability of the ventilation should be considered.
Level FAIR
The installation is of an industrial quality.
Alarming and switching off all non-explosion proof equipment in the case of a disturbance in
the ventilation installation
Level GOOD"
The ventilation is expected to be present during normal operation, discontinuities are
permitted provided they occur infrequently and for short periods.
Alarming and switching off all non-explosion proof equipment in the case of a disturbance in
the ventilation installation.
Extra measurements like: redundancy in the electric supply and in case the stand-by supply
fails all non-explosionproof electric equipment shall be switched off automatically could be
considered.
Level ASSURED
The ventilation is present virtually continuously.
A stand-by system for the electric power supply system shall be at present.
Stand-by system is started automatically.
In case the stand-by system fails all non-explosionproof electric equipment is switched off
automatically.
All events and failures in these installations to be signalized.
The level Assured ventilation is never advised for coatings sites.
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4.4
Determining the class of the zones
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By following the steps of flowchart no. 2 (annex 3) the zone of the concerned area can be
determined.
As described before, it is possible to control the size of a cloud of vapor or gas and the time
for which it persists after release by means of ventilation. However, It should be understood
that the effect of ventilation on Area Classification is a complex subject. Although guidance
is given below and in flowchart no. 2 (annex 3) and flowchart no. 3 (annex 4), it is necessary
to consult International standard IEC 79-10 to obtain the necessary information.
4.5
Typical Area Classification for a coating plant.

In particular, Zone 0 or Zone 1 areas should be minimized in number and extent by design
or suitable procedures. In other words plants and installations should be mainly Zone 2 or
non-hazardous.
Where release of flammable material is unavoidable, process equipment items should be
mainly limited to those, which give secondary grade releases, or, failing this, the releases
should be of very limited quantity and rate.
Most volatile ingredients for paint are heavier than air in that case the correct airflow is:
Suction from the floor and safe inlet from the top.
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DETERMINING THE EXTENT AND BORDERS OF A ZONE
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The practice of area classification involves knowledge of the behavior of flammable gases
Releases from their source and on sound engineering judgement based on experience of
the performance of plant equipment under specified conditions.
The examples chosen are those which best describe the overall philosophy of area
classification and represent guidance only.
According to the national or industrial code selected, the shape and extent of the zones may
vary.
The extent of a zone is mainly determined by:
The release rate of the source.(4.1)
The condition of the ventilation in the surroundings of the source.(4.3)
Possible obstacles and their dimensions. (5.5)
The density of the vapor mainly determines the shape and dimension of the zone.
Flammable gasses and vapors usually have densities other than air they will tend to
accumulate either near the floor or the ceiling of an enclosed area.
Entrances of cellars, tunnels, or sewers shall be located outside the classified zone.
5.1
Open air conditions

In the open air a sphere which radius depends on the release rates will be formed around
the source.
In general small releases will form a sphere with a radius R of approx. 1 meter; substantial
releases will cause a sphere with a radius of 7 meters.
5.2
Gasses heavier then air

Gasses heavier than air (density > 0.9) will form a so-called Hat-model with dimensions as
shown on Basic Example no.1 (annex 5).
5.3
Gasses lighter then air

Gasses lighter than air (density >0.3 and < 0.9) cause a sphere with radius R as shown on
Basic Example no.2 (annex 6).
5.4
Gasses substantial lighter then air

Gasses substantial lighter than air (density < 0.3) will form a so-called Mushroom-model.
See Basic Example no.3 (annex 7).
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5.5
Walls and obstacles
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If by the character or the shape of an obstacle the distribution and diluting of the flammable
gas is influenced, the shape and dimensions of a zone will be changed. If an obstacle is
hindering the flowing of the cloud of gas in such a way that the cloud is staying substantial
longer on the spot, the class of the zone might be changed.
Obstacles may be: walls, dikes, gutters, ditches, cellars, slopes, roofs etc.
Walls and dikes having a height above the proposed zone (see basic example no. 4 annex
8) form a boundary, which will influence a part of the sphere of the cloud of gas.
Gastight walls and roofs can, depending on their dimensions, act as a limitation of a
classified area. See basic example no.4 (annex 8).
If in the walls, the roof or the floor forming the zone boundaries openings, like ventilation
holes, piping- or cabletransits are situated, there will be a sphere formed at the outside of
the openings with a radius of 1 meter.
5.6
Air locks
Rooms having different zone classifications can be separates by walls with doorways. In
order to use these doorways safely, the passages can be executed as airlocks.
An air lock separating two different zones shall meet the following requirements:
- The room between both entrances shall be held under overpressure, the air shall
be extracted from a safe area. The airflow shall be monitored and signaled.
- All doors shall be of a self-closing type. There shall be no facility at all to lock the
doors in open position.
- All doors to be marked with a notice: Airlock doors to be kept closed
- The classification of the airlock shall have the highest classification of both
separated areas.
See basic example no. 5 (annex 9).
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AREA CLASSIFICATION DOCUMENTS
6.1
Area Classification Report
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A report containing the fundamentals and conclusions of the area classification procedure at
least consisting of the following items:
- Process description in brief
- Plant layout
- Location of the plant on the site
- List of potential leakages sources with grades of release.
- Maximum amount of flammable materials in kg
- The properties of the process materials relevant for the AC including:
- Flashpoint,
- Boiling point,
- Ignition temperature
- Explosive limits,
- Gasgroup and Temperature class.
- Determining the ventilation conditions.
- Type of ventilation
- Degree of ventilation
- Availability of the ventilation system
- Calculations to proof the capability to limit the average concentration of the gas
below LEL.
- Names of responsible persons
- Date of last issue
- Standards used as a basic for the area classification e.g.:
- IEC79-10
INTERNATIONAL
- BS 5345 PART 2 UNITED KINGDOM
- NPR 7910
NETHERLANDS
6.2
Area Classification Drawing

An Area Classification Drawing shows the zones and the extents of the classified zones
within the plant. Normally the drawing consists of the scaled plot plan arrangement and
elevations. The document should also include relevant information such as:
- The location and identification of all sources of release.
For large and complex areas, it is useful to number the source of release so as to
facilitate cross-referencing between drawings and reports.
- The position of openings in buildings e.g. doors, windows, airlocks, air in/outlets.
- Fire walls and separating walls.
- Airlocks.
- The classified areas to be coded as:
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ZONE: 0, 1, or 2 for gasses, liquids and vapors

GASGROUPING IIA; IIB; OR IIC
TEMPERATURE CLASS: T1 .......T6
The preferred area classification symbols are shown in the legends of the basic examples in
the annexes of this guideline.
- Reference to the elucidating area classification report.
See annex 10 for an example of an ACD. A2-1.792.077
For small locations the Area classification report and the related drawing can be combined;
as seen on annex no. 9.
7
CONSEQUENCES FROM EUROPEAN DIRECTIVES / ATEX

The directive applies to the industrial field and concerns the following equipment:
Equipment (machines, apparatus, etc.).
Protective systems (discharge devices, explosion suppression devices, etc.).
Components (parts with no autonomous function, terminals, etc.).
Safety devices, controlling devices and regulating devices intended for use outside
potentially explosive atmospheres but required for safety with respect to explosions
(relays, barriers, pressure switches, thermostats, etc.).
You need an Area Classification Drawing with elucidating report.
Check whether your production personnel has been properly instructed.
Where is the dangerous area,
What type of danger
How to handle the equipment Dangerous forbidden actions
Warning signs in the installation.
Put all Eex certificates you have in a special file.
Add all certificates you receive with new equipment.
Check your electrical installation; whether it fulfils all present Eex requirements.
Electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres is certified by a Stateapproved body when it meets the relevant European standards (EN 50014 and upwards)
covering each type of protection (d, I, e, p, etc.).
Such equipment may then be issued with an European certificate of conformity and control,
entitling it to carry the distinctive Eex mark.
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7.1
Groups and categories of equipment
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The directive provides a classification covering the equipments intended purpose, the
nature of inflammable substances and the degree of presence or duration the explosive
atmosphere.
This classification is summarized below, with required safety conditions and their correlation
with the code of hazardous areas commonly used worldwide.
Purpose
Category
Presence or duration
Inflammable
Level of protection
Correlation
of
of explosive
substances
Faults to allow for
with
equipment
atmosphere
hazardous
areas
Very high level
Continuous presence
1
Long periods
Gas,
of protection
Zone 0 gas
vapors,
2 types of protection
etc.
mist,
or 2 independent
dust
Frequent
faults
Zone 20
Rare faults
dust
allowed for
Equipment
group
(surface)
High level
Likely to occur
Gas,
of protection
Zone 1 gas
vapors,
1 type
etc.
mist,
of protection
dust
Habitual
Zone 21
malfunctions
dust
allowed for
Normal
Unlikely to occur
3
Gas,
protection
Zone 2 gas
vapors,
Required
etc.
Present for
mist,
protection
a short
dust
for normal
Zone 22
operation
dust
period
CHECKLIST FOR AREA CLASSIFICATION (EXISTING INSTALLATIONS)

Instructions
Have Area Classification drawn up, report and drawing.
If available, check them on regular intervals.
Are the boundaries of the classified areas clear for operators and maintenance staff?
Are they visible in the plant?
Are there any written instructions for the production personnel, to make them aware of
possible dangers, and to instruct them how to avoid any risk?
Is the maintenance crew properly trained and instructed?
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Inspection
Have your electrical installation checked by a third party. Not youre own personnel; not
the company that installed it.
Pay special attention to enclosed rooms.
Do you use air locks?
Are the doors provided with door-checks?
Does the airflow have the proper direction that is from the safe to the unsafe area?
Are cable openings closed, so that spilled liquid cannot enter other rooms?
The same applies to sumps and sewers.
Check your ventilation provisions.
What is the outcome of a failure of your ventilation system?
Alarming and starting the standby system?
Complete electrical shut down?
Is this in relation with the requirements for the zones concerned?
Are there safe procedures for the restart of your production equipment?
Putting things right
As soon as you have finished your checks you can
List the subjects that need improvement.
Subjects related to organizational aspects you could start right away.
Subjects related to equipment can be divided into subgroups.
The dangerous situations shall be improved as soon as possible.
The easy and cheap to improve situations can also be improved on short notice.
The expensive points need careful planning!
Remarks
!"It is recommendable to give each area only one classification, either zone 1 or zone 2.
(Exception: very large storage areas)
!"If your classification is fragmented e.g. 1 m zone 1, followed by 1 m zone 2, followed by
safe area, then it is very difficult to check whether the correct methods of protection of
electrical equipment have been applied.
!"Keep electrical switchgear away from the process as much as possible.
!"A separate room is much easier for maintenance. Permits are not required in that case.
!"Your attempt to prevent sparks and hot spots should not only include production
equipment, but also
!"HVAC-units,
!"Radios, telephones, etc.
!"Check their method of protection!
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9.1
Area Classification
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HAZARD:
Continuous
Primary
Secondary
Zone 0
Zone 1
Zone 2
Zone 0
Zone 1
Zone 2
IEC 60079-10
EN 60079-10
USA NEC art 505
USA NEC art 500
9.2
DIVISION 1
DIVISION 2
Gas / Apparatus classification

Representative
Gas
9.3
IEC / CENELEC
NEC 505
NEC 500
IGNITION ENERGY
Acetylene
GROUP IIC
GROUP IIC
Class I Group A
> 20 J
Hydrogen
GROUP IIC
GROUP IIC
Class I Group B
> 20 J
Ethylene
GROUP IIB
GROUP IIB
Class I Group C
> 60 J
Propane
GROUP IIA
GROUP IIA
Class I Group D
> 180 J
Selection of protection of electrical equipment

IEC
Zone 0
Zone 1
Zone 2
USA & CANADA
INTRINSIC SAFETY
"ia"
79-11
SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION
"s"
INTRINSIC SAFETY
SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION
"s"
PRESSURIZED ENCLOSURE
79-2
OIL IMMERSION
79-6
INCREASED SAFETY
79-7
Div. 1
purging
Intrinsic safe
Oil immersion
79-5
FLAMEPROOF ENCLOSURE
79-1
ENCAPSULATED
All equipment certified for Zone 0 or 1

n
Explosion proof enclosure
79-3
POWDER FILLING
NON SPARKING
Class I,
Class I,
All equipment certified for
Div. 2
division I
79-15
Apparatus incapable of
creating sparks or hot
surfaces in general purpose
enclosures
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APPLICABLE STANDARDS
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DESCRIPTION
AREA CLASSIFICATION
INSTALLATION
INSPECTION AND
MAINTENANCE
GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS
11
CENELEC
INTERNATIONAL
EN 60079-10
EN 60079-14
EN 60079-17
IEC 79-10
IEC 79-14
IEC 79-17
EN 50.014
IEC 79-17
EXAMPLES OF SOURCES OF RELEASE.

Source
Flanged valve
Threaded valve
Flanged connection
Release grade
4.2
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Release rate
4.2
gram/sec
1
1
1
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Annex 1
Sample form for the listing of flammable materials.
Properties of flammable materials -gas/vapor/liquid
LEL /UEL Temperature Gas
Materials
Flash point
Ignition
%
class
group
C
temperature
C
Acetone
-19
540
2.15/13
T1
IIA
Acrylontrile
-5
480
3/17
T1
IIA
Acrylic acid
54
375
2.4/8
T2
IIA
Butanol
29
340
1.4/10
T2
IIA
Ethanol
12
370
3.3/19
T2
IIA
Ethylacetate
-4
427
2.1/11.5
T1
IIA
Ethylacrylate
9
350
1.8/13
T2
IIB
Ethylbenzene
23
430
1/7.8
T1
IIA
Heptane
-4
215
1.1/6.7
T3
IIA
SBP solvents
25
210
0.6/8
T3
IIA
Methanol
10
385
6.7/36
T1
IIA
Methoxy
38
290
1.9/13.1
T3
IIA
propanol
Methyliso
14
475
1.2/8
T1
IIA
Butylketone
Methylmeta10
430
2.1/12.5
T1
IIA
crylate
Propanol
11
400
2/12
T2
IIA
Isopropyl4
460
1.8/8
T1
IIA
acetate
Solvesso
43
454
0.6/8
T2
IIA
Styrene
31
490
1.1/8
T1
IIA
Terpentine
40
240
1/7.5
T3
IIA
Toluene
4
535
1.2/7
T1
IIA
White Spirit
41
210
1/7.5
T3
IIA
Xylene
25
525
1/7
T1
IIA
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Area Classification AKZO NOBEL

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Area Classification AKZO NOBEL

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Guideline Area

Date: November 13, 2000

Akzo Nobel Engineering bv

Guideline Area Classification Drawings

P.O. Box 5136

This Manual provides information on setting up an Area Classification Drawing (ACD), as

Area Classification should in general be carried according following diagram:

Collection and collation of both information and property

Determine if Area Classification is compulsory

Determine the class of the zones

Definition of the zone boundaries

Preparation of the Area Classification report and the Area

Max. surface temperature

Lower explosion limit (LEL)

Upper explosion limits (UEL):

Explosion protected electrical equipment is divided into 2 groups.

OBLIGATION TO AREA CLASSIFICATION

Classification of flammable materials. (Simplified)

< 0 C and boilingpoint < 35C

Very easy flammable

Amount in the open air

Amount inside closed buildings

AREA CLASSIFICATION PROCEDURE

Pump shaft seals

Sightglasses and levelgauges

SECUNDARY GRADE OF RELEASE:

Influences of ventilation on the Area Classification

Types of ventilation systems.

MEDIUM VENTILATION (Degree VM):

Determining the class of the zones

Typical Area Classification for a coating plant.

DETERMINING THE EXTENT AND BORDERS OF A ZONE

Open air conditions

Gasses heavier then air

Gasses lighter then air

Gasses substantial lighter then air

Walls and obstacles

AREA CLASSIFICATION DOCUMENTS

Area Classification Report

Area Classification Drawing

ZONE: 0, 1, or 2 for gasses, liquids and vapors

CONSEQUENCES FROM EUROPEAN DIRECTIVES / ATEX

Groups and categories of equipment

Faults to allow for

CHECKLIST FOR AREA CLASSIFICATION (EXISTING INSTALLATIONS)

IEC / CENELEC vs. USA PRACTICES

Gas / Apparatus classification

Selection of protection of electrical equipment

USA & CANADA

All equipment certified for Zone 0 or 1

Explosion proof enclosure

All equipment certified for

EXAMPLES OF SOURCES OF RELEASE.

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