Solution Chemistry Skills and Competency Tracking Sheet

Name: ___Jesse Chen_________

14a - explain the process of dissolving in terms of solute and solvent (i.e. solvation and dissociation) (GPS)
14a1 - Identify the factors that affect the rate at which solutes dissolve in solvents
14a2 - construct a solubility curve to explain the relationship between solubility and temperature
14a3 - interpret solubility curves
14a4 - calculate concentrations in molarity
14a5 - prepare and properly label solutions of specified molar concentration (GPS) (New 2014)
14a6 - relate molality to colligative properties (GPS) (New 2014)
14a7 - solve molality equations (extension) (New 2014)

Rank yourself on a scale from 1-4 (1=no confidence, 2=somewhat confident, 3=confident, 4=extremely confident)
Check the box to the left once you feel you have achieved mastery of each concept.

I can define and properly use the following terms: saturated, unsaturated, supersaturated, molarity, molality,
miscible, solvation, concentration A saturated solution is a solution in which no more particles will dissolve into
solution. An unsaturated solution is a solution in which more particles can be dissolved into solution. A
supersaturated solution is a solution in which particles are no longer being dissolved into solute. Molarity is the ratio
of moles of a substance to the volume of the solution, measured in moles per liter. Miscible is a property of a
substance to be able to be mixed in solution. A substances concentration in solution is how much of it there is
relative to the total solution.

I can describe the process of solvation in detail using terms such as polarity, ion-dipole, hydration, dissociation, solute
and solvent

I can use experimental data and knowledge of IMFs to explain the factors that affect the rate of solvation
___________________

I understand how to read a solubility curve and determine if a specific solution is saturated, unsaturated or
supersaturated On a solubility curve, the lines shown are the points at which that specific solution is saturated.
Anything above that line is supersaturated, and anything below it is unsaturated.

I know the steps necessary to create a supersaturated solution In order to create a supersaturated solution, one must
determine how much solute is needed to saturate the solution, and add more solute than that.

I can explain why seeing solid solute at the bottom of a container always indicates a saturated solution If the solution
has not yet been fully saturated, any solute added will dissolve into the solvent. If there is solid solute at the bottom
of a container, it indicates that the solute can no longer be fully dissolved into the solution, so it must be saturated.

Using a solubility curve I can calculate solubility of a given substance in a given amount of solvent at any temperature
on the graph In a fixed amount of solvent, a given substances solubility will be on its line. To find the solubility at any
temperature, use temperature as the x- value. If the solvent is more than the solvent on the curve, increase the
solubility proportionally as the solvent is increased proportionally.

I can calculate the amount of solute needed to prepare a specified volume of solution of a specified molarity A
specified molarity will give the moles per liter in a solution. Multiply the specified volume to the molarity to get the
moles of solute in solution. Then, use the molar mass of the solute to convert to grams of the solute.

I know the proper way to carry out a dilution of a solution to a precise molarity of lower concentration In order to
dilute a solution to a precise molarity of lower concentration, use the formula M1V1=M2V2 to find the target volume
of the diluted solution. Then, subtract the second volume from the first to find how much additional volume is
needed in the second solution. Measure that volume in a graduated cylinder, and then add that volume to a
volumetric flask.

Solution Chemistry Skills and Competency Tracking Sheet

Name: ___Jesse Chen_________

I can use mass data giving amount of solute and solvent to calculate concentrations of % by mass, molarity or molality
To find the concentrations of percent by mass, simply divide the total mass of solution (solute plus solvent) by the
mass of solute/solvent and multiply that ratio by 100. To calculate concentrations of molarity given mass of solute
and solvent, convert the total mass of the solute plus solvent to get the total volume of solution. Then, convert the
mass of solute to moles of solute by using the molar mass of the solute. Then, divide the total volume by the moles of
solute to get the molarity of the solution.

I have a conceptual understanding of how non-volatile solutes affect vapor pressure of a liquid
___________________

I use molality and the number of particles produced to determine changes in boiling point and melting point
___________________

I can determine the theoretical yield from a mixture of two solutions using solution stoichiometry
To determine the theoretical yield from a mixture of solutions, begin by setting up a balanced equation for the
reaction. Then, use a given mass of an original solution and convert it to moles using molar mass. Determine the mole
ratio between that solution and the precipitate. Then, convert that back into mass using the molar mass conversion to
receive theoretical yield.