11/22/2015

SemicentrifugalCasting

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SemicentrifugalCasting

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Semicentrifugalcastingmanufactureisavariationoftruecentrifugalcasting.Themain
differenceisthatinsemicentrifugalcastingthemoldisfilledcompletelywithmolten
metal,whichissuppliedtothecastingthroughacentralsprue.Castingsmanufacturedby
thisprocesswillpossessrotationalsymmetry.Muchofthedetailsofthemanufacturing
processofsemicentrifugalcastingarethesameasthoseoftruecentrifugalcasting.Fora
betterunderstandingofthisprocessandcentrifugalcastingmanufactureingeneralsee
truecentrifugalcasting.Partsmanufacturedinindustryusingthismetalcastingprocess
includesuchthingsaspulleys,andwheelsfortrackedvehicles.

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TheProcess
Insemicentrifugalcastingmanufactureapermanentmoldmaybeemployed.However,
oftenindustrialmanufacturingprocesseswillutilizeanexpendablesandmold.Thisenables
thecastingofpartsfromhightemperaturematerials.

Figure:96

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SemicentrifugalCasting

Themoltenmaterialforthemetalcastingispouredintoapouringbasinandisdistributed
throughacentralspruetotheareasofthemold.Theforcesgeneratedbytherotationofthe
moldensurethedistributionofmoltenmaterialtoallregionsofthecasting.

Figure:97

Asthemetalcastingsolidifiesinarotatingmold,thecentripetalforcesconstantlypush
materialoutfromthecentralsprue/riser.Thismaterialactstofillvacanciesastheyform,
thusavoidingshrinkageareas.

Figure:98

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SemicentrifugalCasting

Thecentripetalforcesactingonthecasting'smaterialduringthemanufacturingprocessof
semicentrifugalcasting,playalargepartindeterminingthepropertiesofthefinalcastpart.
Thisisalsoverymuchthecasewithcastpartsmanufacturedusingthetruecentrifugal
castingprocess.Forcesactinginthetruecentrifugalprocessaresimilartothosethat
influencethematerialofametalcastingbeingmanufacturedbysemicentrifugalcasting.
Whenmanufacturingbysemicentrifugalcasting,thecentripetalaccelerationgeneratedon
themassofmoltenmetalbyarotatingmoldistheforcethatactstofillthecastingwiththis
moltenmetal.Thisisalsotheforcethatcontinuestoactonthematerialasthecasting
solidifies.Themainthingtorememberaboutcentripetalforcesisthattheforcewillpushina
directionthatisdirectlyawayfromthecenteroftheaxisofrotation.

Figure:99

Also,thefartherawayfromthecenteroftheaxisofrotation,thegreatertheforce.

Figure:100

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SemicentrifugalCasting

Itcanbeseenthatduringthesemicentrifugalmanufacturingprocess,thematerialintheouter
regionsofthecasting,(furtherfromthecenteroftheaxisofrotation),issubjecttogreater
forcesthanthematerialintheinnerregions.

Figure:101

Whenthemetalcastingsolidifies,theouterregionofthecastpartformsofdensematerial.
Thegreatertheforcesunderwhichthemoltenmetalsolidified,thedenserthematerialinthat
region.Sothedensityofacastpartmanufacturedbysemicentrifugalcastingwillincreaseas
youtravelradiallyoutwardfromthecenter.

Figure:102

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SemicentrifugalCasting

Thehighforcesintheoutersectionthatpushthemoltenmaterialagainstthemoldwallalso
ensureagreatsurfacefinishofcastpartsmanufacturedbysemicentrifugalcasting.Another
featureofthisprocess,attributedtotheusageofcentripetalforces,isthatimpuritieswithin
themetal,(suchassolidinclusionsandtrappedair),willformtowardstheinnerregionsof
thecasting.Thisoccursbecausethemetalitselfisdenserthantheimpurities,densermaterial
subjecttocentripetalforceswilltendtomovetowardstherim,forcinglessdensematerialto
theinnerregions.Thisparticulardetailisalsoafeatureinothertypesofcentrifugalcasting
manufacture.

Figure:103

Inindustrialmanufactureofpartsbysemicentrifugalcasting,itiscommontomachineout
theimpurityfilledcentersection,leavingonlythepurer,denserouterregionasthefinalcast
part.

Figure:104

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