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KARAKTERISASI FORMASI

Jakarta
2015

KARAKTERISASI FORMASI

WHAT
WHY
WHEN
WHERE
HOW

AKTIVITAS PERMINYAKAN
Discovery
Delineation

Exploration

STEP COMPANY

Abandonment
Tertiary

Secondary

Development
Primary

Heterogeneity

Reservoir Heterogeneity in Sandstone


Heterogeneity
Segments Reservoirs
Increases Tortuosity of
Fluid Flow

Heterogeneity May
Result From:
Depositional Features

Diagenetic Features
(Whole Core Photograph, Misoa
Sandstone, Venezuela)

Reservoir Heterogeneity in Sandstone


Heterogeneity Also May
Result From:
Faults
Fractures

Faults and Fractures may


be Open (Conduits) or
Closed (Barriers) to Fluid
Flow
(Whole Core Photograph, Misoa
Sandstone, Venezuela)

Geologic Reservoir Heterogeneity


Bounding
Surface

Bounding
Surface

Eolian Sandstone, Entrada Formation, Utah, USA

Scales of Geological Reservoir Heterogeneity


Interwell
Area

Field Wide

Well

Well

Determined
From Well Logs,
Seismic Lines,
Statistical
Modeling,
etc.

100's
m

Interwell

1-10 km

Reservoir
Sandstone

10's
m

Well-Bore

100's m

10-100's
mm

Petrographic or
Scanning Electron
Microscope

1-10's
m

10-100's
mm

Hand Lens or
Binocular Microscope

Unaided Eye

(modified from Weber, 1986)

Stages In The Generation of


An Integrated Geological Reservoir Model
Geologic Activities
Regional Geologic
Framework
Depositional
Model

(As Needed)

Core Analysis

Diagenetic
Model

Structural
Model

Log Analysis
Well Test Analysis

Integrated
Geologic Model

Fluid
Model
(As Needed)

Applications Studies
Reserves Estimation
Simulation

Model Testing
And Revision

Impact of Geology & Other


Controlling Features

Shale intervals with low


permeability act as barriers
Gravity Drainage Significant

Tank-Type
Model

Baffled-Type
Model

Steam

kv = kh

kv
0<
<1
kh

Oil

Gravity Drainage
Could Be Significant
Steam
Oil
Gravity Drainage
Not Significant

Layered
Model

kv = O

Oil

Steam

Reservoir Flow Units


Temperature
Observation Well

Producer

Steam Injection

Steam Injection
Producer

(Geologic Boundaries &


Reservoir Flow Unit)

Siltstone
Oil Zone

ZZ
Temp.

Water Management
(Encroachment, Paths, So)

Steam Flood Mechanism


Heat Management (Interface, Mobilization, Sor , Distillation, Latent Heat)
(Q,T , Heat & Mass Balance, So)

Barrier Continuity & Faults


Producing
Well

Oil

Steam

Injection
Well

Water

Shale

Steam Migrates Up-Dip


Injection
Well

Production
Well

Injection
Well

Production
Well

Injection
Well

Production
Well

Water/Oil
Contact

Effect of Dip on Process Heat


Transfer Area Mature Steamfloods
Flat

Dipping

Plan View

Steam
Cross Section

Steam

Oil
Oil

Effect of Dip on Producing Head


Mature Steamflood
Flat

Dipping

Plan View

Cross Section

Steam

Steam

Oil
Oil

Trisakti Geology

Facies

Hydrocarbon Pore Thickness

TYPICAL Trisakti LOG

300

FS4
SB
FS3_3_

Trisakti
Type
Log

FS3_2_

400
FS3_1_

FS3_
500

FS2_

Y/Z
600

FS1

SB22
700

AA

Stratigraphic Cross Section

3
2
S

Sand Continuity vs.


Maximum Permeability
(Homogeneous Deltaic Reservoir)

Trisakti A & B Sand Properties

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