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  • Developing A Soil Moisture Index For California Grasslands From Airborne Hyperspectral Imagery

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    jpeterson1
    174 vizualizări33 pagini
    Hanna Flamme, Colorado School of Mines - Abstract: Soil moisture is a key environmental factor controlling vegetation diversity and productivity, evaporation, transpiration, and rainfall runoff. Despite the contribution of soil moisture to ecological productivity, the hydrologic cycle, and erosion, it is currently not being monitored as accurately or as frequently as other environmental factors. Traditional soil moisture monitoring techniques rely on in situ measurements, which become costly when evaluating areas of unevenly distributed soil characteristics and varying topography. Imagery from the Airborne Visible / Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) has the potential to allow better spatial and temporal monitoring of soil moisture. This study established a relationship between plant available water and hyperspectral reflectance via linear regressions of data from 2013-2015 for two grassland field sites: 1) near Santa Barbara, California, at Coal Oil Point Reserve (COPR) and 2) Airstrip station (AIRS) at UC Santa Barbara's Sedgwick Reserve near Santa Ynez, California. Volumetric soil moisture measurements at ~10 cm and ~20 cm depths were provided by meteorological stations situated in COPR and AIRS while reflectance data were extracted from AVIRIS. We found strong correlations between plant available water and bands centered at wavelengths 704 nm and 831 nm, which we used to create Hanna's Soil Moisture Index (HSMI): (ρ831-ρ704)/(ρ831+ρ704). HSMI demonstrated a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.7061 for linear regressions of reflectance versus plant available water with a lag time of 28 days. We applied HSMI to the AIRS and COPR grasslands for 2011 AVIRIS scenes. Plant available water values predicted by HSMI were 0.0392 higher at AIRS and 0.0478 higher at COPR than the field measurements at the sites. Differences in grass species, soil composition, and climate between COPR and AIRS likely contributed to the errors in the volumetric soil moisture predicted by HSMI.

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    Developing a Soil Moisture Index for California Grasslands from Airborne Hyperspectral Imagery

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    Hanna Flamme, Colorado School of Mines - Abstract: Soil moisture is a key environmental factor controlling vegetation diversity and productivity, evaporation, transpiration, and rainfall runoff. Despite the contribution of soil moisture to ecological productivity, the hydrologic cycle, and erosion, it is currently not being monitored as accurately or as frequently as other environmental factors. Traditional soil moisture monitoring techniques rely on in situ measurements, which become costly when evaluating areas of unevenly distributed soil characteristics and varying topography. Imagery from the Airborne Visible / Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) has the potential to allow better spatial and temporal monitoring of soil moisture. This study established a relationship between plant available water and hyperspectral reflectance via linear regressions of data from 2013-2015 for two grassland field sites: 1) near Santa Barbara, California, at Coal Oil Point Reserve (COPR) and 2) Airstrip station (AIRS) at UC Santa Barbara's Sedgwick Reserve near Santa Ynez, California. Volumetric soil moisture measurements at ~10 cm and ~20 cm depths were provided by meteorological stations situated in COPR and AIRS while reflectance data were extracted from AVIRIS. We found strong correlations between plant available water and bands centered at wavelengths 704 nm and 831 nm, which we used to create Hanna's Soil Moisture Index (HSMI): (ρ831-ρ704)/(ρ831+ρ704). HSMI demonstrated a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.7061 for linear regressions of reflectance versus plant available water with a lag time of 28 days. We applied HSMI to the AIRS and COPR grasslands for 2011 AVIRIS scenes. Plant available water values predicted by HSMI were 0.0392 higher at AIRS and 0.0478 higher at COPR than the field measurements at the sites. Differences in grass species, soil composition, and climate between COPR and AIRS likely contributed to the errors in the volumetric soil moisture predicted by HSMI.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    174 vizualizări33 pagini

    Developing A Soil Moisture Index For California Grasslands From Airborne Hyperspectral Imagery

    Încărcat de

    jpeterson1
    Hanna Flamme, Colorado School of Mines - Abstract: Soil moisture is a key environmental factor controlling vegetation diversity and productivity, evaporation, transpiration, and rainfall runoff. Despite the contribution of soil moisture to ecological productivity, the hydrologic cycle, and erosion, it is currently not being monitored as accurately or as frequently as other environmental factors. Traditional soil moisture monitoring techniques rely on in situ measurements, which become costly when evaluating areas of unevenly distributed soil characteristics and varying topography. Imagery from the Airborne Visible / Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) has the potential to allow better spatial and temporal monitoring of soil moisture. This study established a relationship between plant available water and hyperspectral reflectance via linear regressions of data from 2013-2015 for two grassland field sites: 1) near Santa Barbara, California, at Coal Oil Point Reserve (COPR) and 2) Airstrip station (AIRS) at UC Santa Barbara's Sedgwick Reserve near Santa Ynez, California. Volumetric soil moisture measurements at ~10 cm and ~20 cm depths were provided by meteorological stations situated in COPR and AIRS while reflectance data were extracted from AVIRIS. We found strong correlations between plant available water and bands centered at wavelengths 704 nm and 831 nm, which we used to create Hanna's Soil Moisture Index (HSMI): (ρ831-ρ704)/(ρ831+ρ704). HSMI demonstrated a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.7061 for linear regressions of reflectance versus plant available water with a lag time of 28 days. We applied HSMI to the AIRS and COPR grasslands for 2011 AVIRIS scenes. Plant available water values predicted by HSMI were 0.0392 higher at AIRS and 0.0478 higher at COPR than the field measurements at the sites. Differences in grass species, soil composition, and climate between COPR and AIRS likely contributed to the errors in the volumetric soil moisture predicted by HSMI.

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    din 33

    1

    DEVELOPING A SOIL MOISTURE INDEX


    FOR CALIFORNIA GRASSLANDS FROM
    AIRBORNE HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY
    Hanna Flamme1, Dar Roberts2, David Miller2
    1Colorado

    School of Mines

    2University

    of California Santa Barbara

    NASA SARP 2016 Land Group

    Overview
    2

    Soil Moisture Background


    Project Goals
    Methods
    Results
    Conclusions

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    Soil Moisture
    3

    Soil moisture impacts:


    Vegetation

    diversity and productivity


    Evaporation and transpiration rates
    Rainfall runoff

    Soil moisture monitoring


    difficulties:
    Poor

    spatial and temporal


    resolution
    Expensive
    Retrieved from: http://www.cumminsag.com.au/cumminsag/

    Project Goals

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    1.

    2.

    Use hyperspectral imaging and field


    soil moisture measurements to
    create a new soil moisture index
    Test new index on grasslands

    Study Locations
    5

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    COPR MET Station

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    Retrieved from http://geog.ucsb.edu/ideas/

    Grassland Criteria

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    MET Station
    Mediterranean climate
    Seasons

    of growth and senescence

    Diverse grass mixtures

    Retrieved from http://sedgwick.nrs.ucsb.edu/

    Field Measurements

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    Volumetric Moisture Content (VMC):


    VMC

    Vw
    ,Vwet Vh Vw Va
    Vwet

    Clay loam vs. Loam

    Plant Available Water (PAW):


    PAW VMC WP

    Retrieved from http://geog.ucsb.edu/ideas/

    Field Measurements
    9

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    AVIRIS

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    10

    Average spectral data from 2x2 pixel blocks

    AVIRIS

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    11

    Average spectral data from 2x2 pixel blocks

    Data Selection
    12

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    Data Selection
    13

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    Data Selection
    14

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    Data Selection
    15

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    Methods Overview
    16

    y = m x + b , R2

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    Methods Overview
    17

    y = m x + b , R2

    Band Ratios:
    b1 b2
    b1 b2

    Average
    Reflectance for
    204 Bands

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    Methods Overview
    18

    y = m x + b , R2

    PAW = VMC WP

    Band Ratios:

    Average Daily
    VMC

    Average
    Reflectance for
    204 Bands

    b1 b2
    b1 b2

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    Methods Overview
    19

    y = m x + b , R2

    PAW = VMC WP

    Band Ratios:

    Average Daily
    VMC

    Average
    Reflectance for
    204 Bands

    b1 b2
    b1 b2

    Linear Regressions
    20

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    HSMI
    21

    Hannas Soil Moisture Index (HSMI):

    831 704
    0.02
    HSMI 0.38

    831

    704

    R 2 0.71

    HSMI vs. NDVI

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    22

    660 nm

    831 nm

    Retrieved from http://www.markelowitz.com/Hyperspectral.html

    HSMI vs. NDVI

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    23

    660 nm
    704 nm

    831 nm
    831 nm

    Retrieved from http://www.markelowitz.com/Hyperspectral.html

    HSMI vs. NDVI

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    24

    Retrieved from http://www.markelowitz.com/Hyperspectral.html

    HSMI Application - AIRS


    25

    July 19, 2011

    HSMI Predicted PAW: 0.12

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    HSMI Application - AIRS

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    26

    July 19, 2011

    HSMI Predicted PAW: 0.12

    HSMI Predicted VMC: 0.14


    Actual VMC: 0.10

    HSMI Application - COPR


    27

    July 19, 2011

    HSMI Predicted PAW: 0.08

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    HSMI Application - COPR

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    28

    July 19, 2011

    HSMI Predicted PAW: 0.08

    HSMI Predicted VMC: 0.33


    Actual VMC: 0.29

    Conclusions

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    29

    HSMI predicted reasonable soil moisture


    values.
    HSMI

    predicted values were about 0.04 higher


    than actual.

    Vegetation and soil differences likely


    contributed to errors.
    More airborne spectral data could be used to
    improve my results.

    Acknowledgements
    30

    Dr. Dar Roberts


    David Miller
    NASA SARP Land Group 2016
    Emily Schaller
    NSERC
    NASA SARP

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    Conclusions

    Background
    Project Goals
    Study Location
    Data/Methods
    Results/Discussion
    Conclusions

    31

    HSMI predicted reasonable soil moisture


    values.
    HSMI

    predicted values were about 0.04 higher


    than actual.

    Vegetation and soil differences likely


    contributed to errors.
    More airborne spectral data could be used to
    improve my results.
    Questions?

    32

    33

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