PRODUCTIVE USE OF ENERGY (PUE) PILOT PROJECT

IN SOUTH SULAWESI AND WEST SULAWESI

COMPLETION REPORT
For

GIZ

Dr. Edi Purwanto

January 2013

Table of Content
Introduction .............. 1
1.1 Background ................ 1
1.2 Objective of the Report .............. 2
II General Conditions of PUE Pilots Areas ............. 3
2.1 Mamasa District, West Sulawesi ................ 3
2.2 Luwu Utara District, South Sulawesi ............. 5
2.3 Suitability for PUE Development .............. 6
III Project Implementation ................ 8
3.1 Project Socialization and Coordination .............. 8
3.2 Selection of community groups ............. 8
3.3 PUE Pilot Preparation ................10
3.4 Procurement of Electrical Equipment ................11
3.5 Installation of Electrical Equipment ...............11
3.6 Monitoring ..............14
3.7 Result of Performance Monitoring .................15
IV Problems and Proposed Actions ...................................................................................................18
4.1 Problems .................................................................................................................................18
4.2 Proposed PUE installation network ....................................................................................... 18
4.3 Conclusions and Recommendations ...................................................................................... 23
I

List of Table and Figures

Table 2.1 Environmental, economic and social indicators of Luwu Utara and Mamasa District ... 6
Table 3.1 The selected groups in Salumokanan Village ................. 9
Table 3.2 The selected groups in Tawalian Timur .......................... 9
Table 3.3 The selected groups in Tandung Village ........................................ 9
Table 3.4 MHP usage during the day before PUE Implementation ................ 10
Table 3.5 MHP used during the day after PUE Implementation ................ 11
Table 3.6 List of procured appliances and supplier ................ 13
Table 3.7 PUE specification on each pilot village .............. 14
Table 3.8 Financial Performance of PUE Pilots, before and after PUE installation ............... 15
Table 3.9 MHP monitoring in Salumokanan Village ........................................ 16
Table 3.10 MHP monitoring in Tawalian Timur Village .......................... 16
Table 3.11 MHP monitoring in Tandung Village .............................. 17
Table 4.1 Cost of network installation for Timer Control Arrangement ........................................... 19
Table 4.2 Cost of network using ATS at turbine house (in IDR) ....................................................... 20
Table 4.3 Cost of network installation for PUCA .............................................................................. 22
Table 4.4 Pros and cons of three installation alternatives ................................................................... 23
Figure 3.1 The increment of income generation after PUE implementation .................. 16
Figure 4.1 Network design of installing timer control in every house ............................................... 19
Figure 4.2 Network design of installing ATS at turbine house .......................................................... 20
i

Figure 4.3 PUCA supported by three MHP ........................................................................................ 21

Figure 4.4 PUCA network design which is supplied by three MHP .................................................. 21
Figure 4.5 PUCA network design using one MHP ............................................................................. 22

Acronyms
BUMDES
ENDev

GIZ
PNPM-Green
kWh
MEMR
MHP
MHPP2
NGO
OWT
PLTMH
PNPM
PNPM-MP
PUE
KVC

Badan Usaha Milik Desa (Village-owned Entreprise)

Energising Development; a Dutch-German Energy Partnership to
promote sustainable access to modern energy services in developing
countries
Gesellschaft fr Internationale Zusammenarbeit
PNPM Lingkungan
Kilo Watt hour
Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources
Mini/micro Hydro Power
Mini Hydro Power Project for Capacity Development
Non-Governmental Organisation
Operation Wallacea Trust
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro
Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (National Programme
for Community Empowerment)
Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mandiri Perdesaan
(= PNPM Rural)
Productive Use of Energy
Key Village Champions

ii

Introduction
1.1. Background
Small-scale renewable energy (RE) projects are good examples of environmentally
protective activities which also present tangible benefits to participating communities. In
Indonesia, there are more than 20 million un-electrified households - most of which are
found in poor and remote rural areas. Current plans for expanding Indonesias national
power grid do not include the connection of many rural communities within the next decade.
Therefore, many communities are eager to explore alternative energy sources in order to
meet their development goals.
Micro-Hydro Power (MHP) technology is relatively well-established in Indonesia and holds
significant potential for communities choosing to invest in RE schemes. Over the past 25
years, the MHP sector has developed significantly; local service providers have proven their
capacity to develop successful stand-alone rural electrification and grid-connected MHP
schemes within a specific size range (typically less than 100 kW). Unfortunately, many
MHPs operate mainly after sunset and therefore the main benefit is in lighting and
entertainment, such as TV & radio. However, MHP schemes should and need to be able as a
minimum - in a long-run perspective - to generate sufficient income for upkeep in order to
continue to deliver tangible benefits. So-called productive use of the electricity made
available is often much slower to develop than recreational and convenience use. Productive
use is taken to mean application of power from an MHP that adds value to an existing
economic process or allows new processes to materialize such as micro and small-enterprises
in agri-business, as well as to social service institutions such as schools and health clinics
Since the 1990s, GIZ directed its attention towards systematic support of rural electrification
through micro-hydro power (MHP) in Indonesia. Since 2006, the GIZ has been implementing
the Energizing Development (EnDev) programme in Indonesia, following the previous MHP
support interventions. During the first phase of the Energizing Development (EnDev I), from
2006 to 2009, the expertise and management competency of actors engaged in constructing
and operating mini-hydropower schemes in rural areas was supported. EnDev facilitated
contacts between service providers and users, transferring the necessary know-how to various
actors, such as: operators, political authorities and user groups. Under EnDev II, starting in
May 2009, the program split into two complementary components: (1) The Green PNPM
Micro Hydro Power Technical Support Unit (MHP-TSU) to directly support the access to
energy through MHP in rural areas, and (2) The Mini Hydro Power Project (MHPP2) as a
capacity development component to institutionalize know-how and learning from experiences
for a sustainable MHP sector development in Indonesia. While the MHP-TSU project partner
is the Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA), MHPP2 works closely with the Directorate General
for New and Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation (NREEC) under the Ministry of
Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR). One strategy towards achieving the sustainability
of MHP sites is to encourage productive use of energy (PUE). Within MHPP2, PUE is
defined as a small-scale activity, using a renewable energy-based electric energy source for
providing a service or adding value to a product in order to sell the product and/or service to
a willing market. MHPP2 has compiled a database of PUE options possible at rural MHP
sites in Indonesia and seeks to test the appropriateness, acceptability and financial feasibility
of some of these options.
Operation Wallacea Trust (OWT) is a Civil Society Organization (CSO) working to
empower community on natural resource conservation and management. In this project,
1

OWT is acting as GIZ contractor for the establishing and monitoring of a PUE pilot project in
selected villages in Mamasa and Luwu Utara District. The contract run from 18 May to 31
November 2012. The total amount of contract is 202 million.
1.2. Objective of the Report
The report discussed the approaches and strategies of PUE project implementation in Salomo
Kanan and Tawalian Timur Villages, Mamasa District and Tandung Village, Luwu Utara
District.

II.

General Conditions of PUE Pilot Areas

2.1. Mamasa District, West Sulawesi

Mamasa District was established in 2002. Previously, it was part of Polewali-Mamasa
(Polmas) District. The district shares boundary with Mamuju District in the northern part,
Polewali Mandar in the southern part, Tana Toraja District in the eastern part and Pinrang
District in the western part. The area of the district is 3,006 km, total population, based on
2009 census is 178.025 persons. The population density is 59 persons per km. The
establishment of a new district and the appointment of Mamasa town (14.607 inhabitants)
located at the uppermost of the West-Sulawesi upland as the capital of the newly established
District have gradually opened up this isolated area, which only about two decades ago was
only accessible on horseback. The distance to the province capital of West Sulawesi Province
(Mamuju) is 286 km, while the distance with the capital of South Sulawesi Province is 340
km. Until 2005, Mamasa District is composed of 10 sub-districts, after partition, since 2006,
consist of 15 sub-districts1.
Environment and Livelihoods: Biophysically, the district is located at the upstream areas
(mountains ecosystem), mostly having altitudes above 800 m with hilly and mountainous
terrain. The soil is dominated by Inceptisol and Ultisol. Annual rainfall ranges from 2,500
3,000 mm. Temperature is cool (10 15 C), especially during the evening and early morning.
Water resources are abundant but with brown colour, high suspended load, due to unstable
substrate (bedrock). The natural vegetation is dominated by lower montane forest, Uru
(Elmerrillia sp) is one of the indigenous species, but most of these have been logged and now
the terrain is mostly covered with Sumatran native Pine trees. The major staple food of
Mamasa community is rice. The main livelihoods of the local community are agriculture,
irrigated rice, rainfed farming (coffee) and raise cattle (water buffalo). As a consequence of
the high population pressure upon limited land resources, most farmers have occupational
multiplicity or have several different occupations at the same time. They may also alter their
main sources of income from season to season, as opportunities arise. During the last five
years, Mamasa town has rapidly developed into a real town. However, such development
as has occurred has already been excessively paid for by its natural resources degradation.
The natural resources in the area are very fragile. Apart from its hilly terrain, its substrate is
dominated by unconsolidated sandy rocks which are easily eroded by landscape disturbance
and torrential water flows. The rapid and un-environmentally friendly road and house
construction has caused severe degradation. Landslides in the newly opened areas are
widespread and indeed even impact the accessibility of Mamasa Town during the rainy
season. Since the 1950s, the natural forest in the region has been degraded, especially when
the local community started converting natural forest into grazing ground and shifting
cultivation (coffee). Up till now, such practices are still widespread. During the 1970s, a
government regreening program rehabilitated the degraded natural forest land with Sumatran
native Pine trees (Pinus merkusii). The Pine trees thrive well in the area, but the wooded
areas are now also in a degraded state, due to overexploitation. The blanket rehabilitation
with Pines has led to dramatic ecosystem degradation. The Pine plantations offer poor
ecological protection compared to the original indigenous trees or to broadleaved tree species
1

Name of sub-districts in Mamasa: (1). Mamasa, (2) Tabang, (3) Aralle, (4) Mambi, (5) Tabulahan, (6) Pana,
(7) Nosu, (8) Sesena Padang, (9) Messawa, (10) Sumarorong, (11) Tanduk Kalua, (12) Tawalian, (13)
Rantebulahan Timur, (14) Bambang, (15) Balla.

in general. The Pine forests provide poor erosion control as the Pine tree roots are superficial,
while the thick and slowly decomposing litter layer has reduced the soil pH leading to rapid
nutrient leaching. The invasive nature of Pines has made the Mamasa landscape inhospitable
for the growth of all other vegetation systems and species except Pine. Given that most of the
gentler sloping areas have already been occupied with irrigated agriculture (rice field), as a
consequence of the high population pressure and in search of additional income sources,
many farmers have begun cultivating the steeper slopes, clearing the natural vegetation in the
process. Steep slope agricultural practices require high investments, especially for terrace
building and maintenance, while the soil productivity is quickly reduced, due to high erosion
rates. The ecosystem degradation described above has created a vicious cycle of land
degradation and the associated downstream impacts. The high sediment loads of the rivers
resulting from land degradation in Mamasa is threatening the economic life of downstream
investment such as the Bakaru Hydro-Power Reservoir in Pinrang, the biggest hydro-power
scheme and the main source of electricity to West and South Sulawesi Provinces.
Accessibility: The distance from Makassar to Mamasa Town is 340 km; this can be reached
by public transportation (minibus, station wagon) about 10 hours. The road from Makassar to
Polewali has been established since colonial time; the trace follows the flat terrain along the
coast-line of South and West Sulawesi Provinces. Since 2007, the road from Makassar to
Pare-Pare Town has been improved, concreted and widened, allowing separated two ways
traffic. In fact, the construction takes long time. Terrestrial transportation from Makassar to
Polewali is quite smooth and normally takes about five hours. The adventure is started from
Polewali to Mamasa. The narrow size road is continuously climbing upslope with many
sharp curves along the mountainous terrain. The road condition is fragile and highly
susceptible to landslide and rock-fall. The quality of the asphalt road is terrible from
Sumarorong to Mamasa Town. The Mamasa District has still uncomfortable to reach from
Makassar and even from the Mamuju (the capital city of West Sulawesi Province). The
Airport is planned to build in Sumarorong2 and will serve Makassar-Mamasa and MamasaMamuju. Sumarorong is about 40 km from Mamasa Town. Now there has been Lion flight
from Makassar to Mamuju, however, terrestrial transportation from Mamuju to Mamasa is
harder than from Makassar.
Flow of goods: Most of goods, from basic to secondary needs are served from surrounding
towns such as Polewali, Enrekang, Pare-Pare and Makassar. During market days, two days a
week, the road transportation are dominated by trucks which bring goods from outside to
Mamasa. It is remarkable that flow of goods come from outside to Mamasa rather than viceversa.
Economic empowerment development: The original district revenue (PAD) of Mamasa
District is about 14 billion rupiah a year; this has been completely spent for local government
wages (including district parliament), while development funding is originated from the
centre government and heavily spend for infrastructure development (building roads and
buildings). This left a little portion for economic empowerment of local community. So far,
the only community development program at grass-root level is the Rural PNPM program.
Social capital: The community is dominated by the Toraja ethnic group; it is mostly
Christian and has strong social capital. This is reflected from the following phenomena: (a)
High spirits on voluntary works: every village defines one day a week to conduct voluntary
2

The fund source is from Centre government (APBN), it is about 104 billion rupiah
4

work for their village (such as improving road, reinforce the fragile slope, develop tree
nursery etc.); (b) Tallulalisan (three pillars): The strong cooperative works among the Priest,
Village Head and Elders to build the village, solve social problems and safeguard
environmental degradation (see Box 2.2.); (c) Strong social intact: high obedience to their
culture and religion.
2.2. Luwu Utara District, South Sulawesi
Luwu Utara District was established in 1999, as result of partition of the Luwu District. The
District shares boundary with Centre Sulawesi Province on the north, Luwu Timur District on
the east, Luwu District on the south and Mamuju District on the west. The area of the district
is 7.502,58 km, total population, based on 2003 census is 250.111 persons (50,022
households). The population density is 42 persons per km. The district is located on the
northern most of South Sulawesi Province. The capital of the district is Masamba (32,286
inhabitants), 136 km from Makassar. The district is composed of 11 sub-districts3. Luwu
District is easily access from Makassar and other surrounding district, however, there are
three sub-districts which are located far away from Masamba, i.e. Seiko, Rampi and
Limbong. The most remote sub-districts areas are Seiko and Rampi (200 km) which are used
to be reached by airplane from Masamba (20 minutes). Due to the road conditions (muddy
and fragile), both sub-districts can only be accessed by Ojek (motor-bike taxi), which
normally takes 2 days.
Environment and Livelihoods: Biophysically, the district is located in the downstream areas,
mostly having altitudes above 200 meter. The soil is dominated by Andosol. Annual rainfall
ranges from 2,500 3,000 mm. Average temperature is 28 C. Although, the area is located in
the downstream areas (with large river channel and the distance to the sea on average are
about 20 km), the terrain surrounding river is not flat, but hilly to mountainous. Water
resources are abundance; there are many spring waters and small streams (creek) originated
from the areas and become a good source for micro-hydro power. It is different with
Mamasa District; the substrate (bedrock) of the area is stable, the soil is compacted, landslide
is minor, the stream water looks fresh and not in brown colour as in Mamasa. Natural
vegetation is dominated by secondary forest. Massive deforestation has been occurred since
1970s, most of the natural forest has been logged by forest concession. It is different with
Mamasa District, Pine species was not introduced in the areas which makes the natural
environment is better. The fertile soil and the high rainfall are so favourable for natural
regeneration of secondary forest. The major staple food of Luwu Utara community is Sago.
Apart from Sago, they also eat rice. The main livelihoods are cocoa plantation, fruit trees
(durian) and rice cultivation. In 1990s, community enjoyed the windfall profits from cocoa.
The favourable environmental condition (fertile soil4) and good sanitation led the cocoa
plantation develop very well. On average 200 of dry cocoa beans transported to Makassar,
this raised until 600 tons during great harvesting season. Farmers were able to build good
houses and had cars. The cocoa reach its maximum price during economic crisis of 1999 and
2000, which contributed to the district revenue until 4 billion rupiah a year. In 2002, the
golden period of cocoa plantation had passed, after the outbreak of cocoa pod borer
(Penggerek Buah Kakao/PBK). The capital of Luwu Utara District (Masamba) can be
accessed through air and terrestrial modes.
3

Name of sub-districts in Luwu Utara District: (1) Masamba; (2) Baebunta, (3) Sabbang, (4) Bone-Bone, (5)
Malangke, (6) Malangke Barat, (7) Suka Maju, (8) Mappedeceng, (9) Limbong, (10) Rampi, (11) Seko.
4

Most of the cocoa developed from the forest land which have high organic material content
5

Air transportation: Masamba has airport, names Andi Jema which has been established
since colonial time. The Airport has runway of 900 meters. Cassa 212 (PT. Sabang Merauke
Air Carter/SMAC) was used to flight twice a week (Wednesday and Friday) to Masamba and
then from Masamba to Seko and return to Masamba. The capacity is 20 seats and flight hour
from
Makassar to Masamba is 1.5 hours. Since early 2011, there has been no flight to Masamba,
due to the airplane, which used to serve, had accident in Sumatra.
Bus transportation: There are three luxury buses serving for Makassar-Masamba routes,
Alam Indah, Bintang Prima and Gunung Rejeki. The bus has 35 seats, reclining seat, aircondition and toilet. All the luxury buses operate in the evening and takes 9 hours. Masamba
is also possible to reach by boat from Kolaka (SE Sulawesi Province), it takes about 10 hours
(Kolaka-Palopo). Palopo is the capital of Luwu District; it is about 30 km from Masamba.
Flow of Goods: Inter-district goods transportation from and to Masamba is easily found.
Local public transportation use Angkot and Ojek5. The district has various goods
transportation (1-20 tons), such as: pick up, truck with four, six and 10 wheels which can support
the fluent flow of goods from and into the district.
Social capital: The community is dominated by Bugis Luwu ethnic group and is mostly
Moslem. Luwu Utara District has a good social capital, although it is not as strong as
Mamasa District. This is reflected from the following phenomena: (a) spirits on collaborative
work still exist: Many activities at village level are conducted through voluntary work, such
as: improving access road, improve mosque, school etc.); working together to erect the
wooden house; (b) Strong social intact: high obedience to their culture and religion.
2.3. Suitability for PUE Development
Luwu Utara District is ideal for productive use development. The district has good economic
infrastructure, accessibility and great support of local government. The government has
strong development policy to develop and maintain the areas as a leading cocoa production in
South Sulawesi Province. See Table 2.1.While Mamasa, the economic infrastructure is still
under development and rather poor accessibility, but the district has excellent social capital
and well-known as the center of MHP development in Sulawesi. Mamasa is still virgin from
project (money) intervention and Mamasa community is badly needed technical assistances.
See Table 2.1. Profile of the village pilots is given in Appendix A.
Table 2.1. Environmental, economic and social indicators of Luwu Utara and Mamasa
District
No Indicators
Luwu Utara
Mamasa

1.
2.
3.

Accessibility
Natural Resources
Natural hazard

1.

Economic infrastructure

Environmental
+++
+++
+
Economic
++

+
+
+++
+

Motor-bike taxi
6

2.
3.
4.
5.

1.
2.
3.

Economic indicators
Public service
Government
interest
to
community empowerment
The
variation
of
income
generating activities
Social Capital
PNPM performance
Numbers of MHP

++
+++
+++

+
+
++

++

Social
++
++
+

+++
++
++

The existence of MHP in the survey area should be able to play roles as agent of changes for
the rather gloomy picture of income generating activities in the survey areas. The generating
power should be able to shed lights for the better livelihoods. It is true that the problem is not
merely lack of energy and machine to support their work, but also local community attitude
and business environment. The successful implementation of productive use will become a
milestone of MHPs best practice, it is expected to: (a) enhance strong ownership and
awareness of local community on MHP sustainable management use, including catchment
areas management; (b) enhance the establishment of sustainable livelihoods in the upstream
areas; (c) As a driver of industrial revolution, accelerated and distributed income generation
in the upstream/remote area.
.

III.

Project Implementation

3.1. Project Socialization and Coordination

In May 2012, one month before field implementation, we conducted village selection. The
villages selection was conducted on the basis on the following criteria: (a) The existence of
MHP in the village; (b) MHP management Team has been well established; (c) The
availability of good running business and require electricity power; (d) The high social
capital of the village and MHP beneficiaries; (e) The villages are easy to be accessed.
This project was initiated during the first week of July 2012. The first activity was
socialization of the Project to potential beneficiaries and relevant stakeholders i.e. Subdistrict Head, Village head and staff, Small and Business Enterprise (SME) Agencies at
district level. Before having formal meetings at village level, we conducted socialization and
coordination at district and sub-district level; in such a way that they are aware about the
projects and will provide support to the implementation and sustainability of the project.
After having coordination at district and sub-district level then we organized a meeting at
village level, i.e. Salomokanan Village, Rantebulahan Timur Sub-district and Tawalian Timur
Village, Tawalian Sub-district (Mamasa District) and Tandung Village, Sabang Sub-district,
Luwu Utara District. Topic discussed during socialization and coordination were: (a) The
village was selected as one of PUE pilot site; (b) The objective of the pilot was to enhance
community income from electricity generated by MHP; (c) The project will provide
electricity equipment, training, technical assistances and facilitation; (d) To run the pilot.
MHP will be operated during the day. We had warm responses from local community and
relevant stakeholders; they were enthusiastic to join the project.
3.2. Selection of community groups
During the second week of July 2012, we worked together with village government, key
village champions (KVC) and elders to select community groups which were suitable and
had been ready to have our facilitation and technical assistances. They have been ready and
should be able to deliver a quick win results or first ready, first served approach,
considering project technical assistance and facilitation were only a few months.
The criteria of community group selection: (a) the community group has managed a running
and good economic business prospect; (b) the community group is managed by champions
who showed a great interest to the project; (c) the production sites of selected community
group had a good access; (d) The selected community groups agreed by MHP Management
Team and beneficiaries; (e) The selected community groups are willing to pay extra
electricity fees; (f) The selected community groups are poor households. The selected group
on each village is presented in Table 3.1, 3.2. & 3.3.

Table 3.1. Salumokanan Village, Rante Bulahan Timur Sub-District, Mamasa

PUE Type

Group Name

Chairman

No of Members

Tailor

Nani Tailor

Sara

5 Female

PUE Equipment
Bordir Machine, Obras
Machine

Carpentry

Salma Meubel

Fiksal

5 Male

Metal grinder, planer

machine, drilling machine,
trimmer machine, sander
machine, circular saw,
compressor

Workshop

Salumokanan
Motor

Nanang

4 Male

Metal grinder, drilling

machine, compressor

Bread Making

Gi-Di

Sari

5 Female

Mixer, Blender, Hand

Sealer

Blacksmith

Kajumea

Martinus

3 Male

Metal grinder, Blower

Coffee
Grinder

Sejahtera

Arwadi

5 Male

Coffee grinder

Table 3.2. Tawalian Timur Village, Tawalian Sub-District, Mamasa

PUE Type

Group Name

Chairman

No of Members

Tailor

Usaha Bersama

Liyn
Limbong
Karaeng

5 Female

PUE Equipment
Sewing Machine, Obras
Machine

Carpentry

Mandiri

Amba
Karaeng

5 Male

Metal grinder, planer

machine, drilling machine,
trimmer machine, sander
machine, circular saw,
compressor

Workshop

Sehati

Abner Patun

4 Male

Metal grinder, drilling

machine, compressor

Bread Making

Usaha Bersama

Selfina

5 Female

Blacksmith

Salutallang

Sanda
Ganggong

3 Male

Mixer, Hand Sealer

Metal grinder, Blower

Table 3.3. Tandung Village, Sabang Sub-district, Luwu Utara

PUE Type

Group Name

Chairman

No of Members

Tailor

Aqyfa Tailor

Seniwati

5 Female

PUE Equipment
Sewing Machine, Obras
Machine

Carpentry

Malelara

Iksan

5 Male

Metal grinder, planer

machine, drilling machine,
trimmer machine, sander
machine, circular saw,
compressor

Workshop

Tandung Jaya

Muh.

4 Male

Metal grinder, drilling

9

Alqodri
Bread Making

Lestari

machine, compressor, Las

Inverter

Rahmawati

5 Female

Mixer, Hand Sealer

3.3. PUE Pilot Preparation

During the third week, we delivered on the job training to community groups selected as a
PUE pilots. The training topics covered the following materials: (a) institutional management
of the community group. This material discussed roles and responsibility of every
member/person in the group, group regulation and benefit sharing mechanism; (b) financial
administration and management. This material discussed about book-keeping; (c) standard
operating procedure to deal with electricity power and equipment. This material discussed a
safety procedure working with electricity, especially for grinder, cutters, weld inverter,
blower. The topic include: (i) Making safety star-up (on/off) system; (ii) Install current
protection; (iii) Install appropriate size and quality of cable network; (iv) Install cable
grounding for efficient use of electricity;(v) Install step-up voltage regulator.
During the fourth week of July, we facilitated several meetings with MHP beneficiarys
representatives. The objectives of the meeting were to: (a) define schedule of MHP operation
during the day; (b) define new tariff or additional electricity fees for houses operating PUE.
Change on MHP operation: Before PUE implementation all PUE pilot villages had run
MHP during the day, especially for Friday Pray in the Mosque, Church (Saturday), week-end
(Sunday) and public purposes (Monday), see Figure 2.4. The situation changed after PUE
implementation: (a) MHP run during the day for the all days during the week; (b) PUE
operated from Monday to Saturday, except Tawalian Timur Village where Saturday is used
for Church; (c) On Sunday, MHP in all three pilot villages are used for weekend.
Tariff Adjustment for PUE beneficiaries: It was committed for tailors, cake makers pay
additional electricity monthly fee Rp. 5000 for each equipment, while for workshop, blacksmith and carpenter pay additional monthly fee Rp.30.000 Rp. 50,000 per month for all
equipments.
MCB Installation on PUE pilot house: We also facilitated the installation of MCB
(Miniature Circuit Breaker) on PUE pilots (houses).
Table 3.4. MHP usage during the day before PUE Implementation
Day
Village
S

Salumokanan
Tawalian Timur
Tandung
Remarks:

10

Table 3.5. MHP used during the day after PUE Implementation
Day
Village
S

Salumokanan
Tawalian Timur
Tandung
Remarks:

3.4. Procurement of Electrical Equipment

Equipment procurement took considerable time and led the effective project implementation
delayed for at least one month.
The procurement procedure were as follow: (a) We conducted price survey in Jakarta;
however, due to considerable delivery cost to project sites in Sulawesi, then we conducted the
survey in Makassar; (b) we submitted the list of purchased electrical equipment to GIZ; (c)
After the list has been approved, then we had to collect three quotations for an equipment
package which cost more than 12 million (carpenter and workshops); the collection took
time as not all the shops gave a quick responses to our request; (d) GIZ screened the
quotation and defined the list equipments to be purchased.
At the beginning, we should also arrange the procurement of kWh meter and hour meter, but
it was finally handled by GIZ. Unfortunately, until the end of PUE facilitation (November
2012), both devices have not yet been available at project site. The absence of kWh meter
has led the MHP weekly monitoring could not be done. List of procured appliances is
presented on Table 3.6.
3.5. Installation of Electrical Equipment
On the beginning of August 2012, we handed over the purchased equipment to community
groups witnessed by Village Head and MHP beneficiaries. We facilitated 6 types of village
business which were conducted by 15 community groups, the total installed appliances were
49 (see Table 3.7). We facilitated the trial of the equipment during the first week of August.
The monitoring data collection started during the second week of August 2012. The types of
community entrepreneur pilots are discussed below.
3.5.1. Coffee Grinder: Salumokanan Village, Mamasa
Coffee is the traditional product of Mamasa, the plantation has been developed since colonial
time and it is largely known as Toraja Coffee (mostly is Arabica). Peak harvesting season is
between July and September. Coffee cherries produced are being grown in an organic way
11

(i.e. without chemical pesticides, herbicides or fertilizers). Since many coffee plantations are
located near the settlement areas, farmers only pick ripe, red cherries. After harvesting, coffee
cherries are fermented overnight, in sacks, buckets or other storing apparatus. Cherries are
then washed to remove the mucilage, before the drying process. Drying is done in an open,
flat space such as a yard or by the roadside. Most of community sell dry coffee cherries
without grinding. The local price was Rp.7000/kg. One kilogram coffee cherries can yield 0.7
kilogram coffee and the price per kilogram until Rp.25000. The incremental benefit by
selling processed coffee is until Rp, 10000. One of the reasons why community do not
process coffee was they do not have the grinding machine.

3.5.2. Black-smith: Salumokanan and Tawalian Timur Villages, Mamasa

It is mostly produces agriculture utensil such as hoe, dibble, axe, scoop, machete, sickle,
scythe, and cutter. The production process is manual; the work is normally conducted by two
persons, one person strikes the iron while another generate wind blower to maintain the fire.
They use charcoal to heat iron. In those pilots, we provided blower and grinder; so they do
not need to generate blower manually and neither to go to down-town to sharpen the
products.
3.5.3. Carpentry: Salumokanan, Tawalian Timur (Mamasa) and Tandung Village
(Luwu Utara)
Both rattan extractions and logging have destructive impacts to the ecosystem. To control
natural resource extraction, efforts are required to change their current livelihoods from
collectors to processors. Carpentry is a kind of livelihood, which can be developed as a way
to reduce the speed of resource extraction, especially if this is compared by selling timbers. In
those pilots, we provided seven appliances: (a) metal grinder; (b) planner machine; (c)
drilling; (d) sander; (e) circular saw and (f) compressor. The uses of electrical appliances had
been able to speed up the jobs; for instance to make one cupboard normally take six days, by
using the appliances is only take three days.
3.5.4. Tailor: Salumokanan, Tawalian Timur (Mamasa) and Tandung Village (Luwu
Utara)
This job apart from requiring skill, also need appropriate equipment. Apart from sewing
machine, tailors also need embroidery and obras machine. The tailors selected for the pilots
in Salumokanan and Tawalian Timur Villages only have one and old manual sewing
machine; while Tailor in Tandung had three manual sewing machines. In those three pilots
we provided three appliances: (a) electrical sewing machine; (b) border machine; (c) Obras
machine. The uses of electrical appliances had been able to speed up the jobs; enhance
products quality and they do not need to go down town for obras.
3.5.5. Workshop:
(Luwu Utara)

Salumokanan, Tawalian Timur (Mamasa) and Tandung Village

Workshop in Salumokanan and Tawalian Timur Villages are used to repair motor-bike only,
while in Tandung Village, apart from motor-bike is also used for metal welding. We
provided: (a) metal grinder; (b) drilling; (c) compressor for three workshops, except for
Tandung Village, we added with weld inverter.
12

3.5.6. Bread Making: Salumokanan, Tawalian Timur (Mamasa) and Tandung Village
(Luwu Utara)
It is a side-job and done by household wife. In three pilots, we provided: (a) Mixer; (b) Hand
sealer and (c) blender.
Table 3.6. List of procured appliances and supplier
Appliances

Unit Price
(IDR)

Total
(IDR)

Supplier

Merk / Type

Wattage

Qty

Makita 9553B

600

475.000

3.800.000

Surya Utama

Blower

Makita UB1101

600

850.000

1.700.000

Surya Utama

Planer machine

Makita N1900B

580

1.500.000

4.500.000

Surya Utama

Hand drilling machine

Makita HP1630

710

560.000

3.360.000

Surya Utama

Trimmer machine (profil)

Makita 3709

530

750.000

2.250.000

Surya Utama

Sander machine (amplas)

Makita BO3700

180

625.000

1.875.000

Surya Utama

Circular saw

Makita 5800NB

900

2.000.000

6.000.000

Surya Utama

Compressor

Multipro 1HP

750

950.000

5.700.000

Surya Utama

Metal grinder

PPN 10%

2.918.500

Compressor (Inflator,
Spoit Dico dan Selang)
Inverter (mesin Las)

Set

2.025.000

Surya Kencana
Surya Kencana

Lakoni

900

850.000

850.000

Singer

250

2.400.000

2.400.000

Toko Mewah

singer

100

920.000

1.840.000

Toko Mewah

Obras machine

Singer

100

725.000

1.450.000

Toko Mewah

Mesin Neci

Singer

100

1.000.000

1.000.000

Toko Mewah

Philips 1538

170

360.000

1.080.000

Alaska

Kirin

170

226.000

226.000

Alaska

Vacuum packing

300

220.000

660.000

Cahaya Indah

Coffee grinder

900

1.250.000

1.250.000

Cahaya Indah

Sewing machine (Bordir

Yuki)
Sewing Machine (standart)

Dough mixer
Blender

MCB 4 Ampere (8 unit)

Broco

272.000

MCB 6 Ampere (7 unit)

Merlin

273.000

Grand Total

50

Veteran
Electronic
Surya Elektro

45.429.500

13

3.6. Monitoring
The pilot is expected to answer three questions:
(a) How the level of financial performance of community entrepreneur enhanced by using
electrical appliances?
(b) How the raising cost on operating MHP during the day is well compensated by PUE fee?
(c) How efficient the use of MHP power?
To answer those questions, GIZ has provided three questioners; (a) PUE Specification; (b)
Entrepreneur daily monitoring form; (c) MHP operator weekly monitoring form. The
summary of PUE specification in presented in Table 3.1 3.3 and Table 3.7.; the results of
data monitoring based on the second and the third form is discussed on section 3.7.
Table 3. 7. PUE specification on each pilot village
Villages
No

PUE Type

Blacksmith

Bread making

Carpentry

appliances

Tawalian
Timur

Grinder

Blower

Mixer

Hand Sealer

Blender

Metal Grinder

Planer machine

Drilling

Trimmer

Sander

Circular saw

Compressor

Coffee grinder

Coffee grinder
machine

Tailor

Sewing machine

Workshop

1
1

2
1

Obras machine

Metal Grinder

Drilling

Compressor

15

49

Las Inverter
Total

Tandung

Bordir machine

Total

Salomokanan

18

16

14

3.7. Results of Performance Monitoring

We conducted monitoring in line with the GIZ entrepreneur daily monitoring form and MHP
weekly monitoring from the results of data monitoring is presented on Table 3.8. and Table
3.9 3.11.
3.7.1. Financial Performance of Pilot Entrepreneur
To understand the impacts of PUE to income generation, we collected base-line data prior
PUE installation, the collected data is presented on column 2, while the average of income
generation after PUE is presented in column 8.
Inspecting column 9, the increment of income generation during the last five months (August
December) ranges between 20% - 40%, the remarkable increment were Tailor (Tandung
Village); Carpentry (Salumokanan) and workshop (Tandung Village), see Figure 3.1.
Table 3.8. Financial Performance of PUE Pilots, before and after PUE installation
Village

Baseline

August

Sept

Oct

Nov

Dec

Average

Increment
%

Salumokanan
Tawalian
Timur

450,000

690,000

670,000

Blacksmith
555,000

660,000

690,000

653,000

30

600,000

470,000

995,000

905,000

905,000

945,000

844,000

30

Salumokanan
Tawalian
Timur
Tandung

565,000

1,000,000

535,000

Tailor
643,000

806,000

1,060,000

808,800

30

635,000

525,000

825,000

920,000

1,117,000

1,148,000

907,000

30

1,065,000

2,030,000

1,041,000

2,690,000

1,435,000

1,780,400

40

Salumokanan
Tawalian
Timur
Tandung

1,400,000

2,520,000

1,706,000
Carpentry
1,850,000 2,325,000

2,680,000

2,380,000

2,351,000

40

1,275,000

1,325,000

1,950,000

1,225,000

2,225,000

2,390,000

1,823,000

30

1,000,000

850,000

1,125,000

1,500,000

1,085,000

1,255,000

20

Salumokanan
Tawalian
Timur
Tandung

400,000

390,000

1,715,000
Workshop
567,500
544,000

535,000

555,000

518,200

20

400,000

400,000

425,000

587,000

660,000

501,400

20

1,900,000

1,706,000

3,120,000

3,206,200

40

Salumokanan
Tawalian
Timur
Tandung

400,000

203,000

660,000

506,400

20

370,000

405,000

528,000

461,000

535,000

465,500

20

480,000

358,000

695,500

605,000

607,500

20

Salumokanan

295,000

400,000

604,000
775,000
Coffe grinder
335,000
380,000
303,000

346,000

423,000

30

435,000

3,368,000 4,164,000 3,673,000

Bread making
312,500
787,500
569,000
398,500

The underlined reasons for the remarkable increment of those three entrepreneurs are
discussed below.
Tailor in Tandung Village: (a) The entrepreneur has been well-established prior to PUE
implementation; (b) Tailor is not a side job and managed in a good manner. As such, the
insertion of extra inputs has sharply promoted the entrepreneur performance.
15

Carpentry in Salumokanan Village: During project implementation, the community

entrepreneur received government orders to develop furniture of the several elementary
schools in Rante Bulahan Timur sub-district.
Workshop in Tandung Village: The introduction of electricity welding in this workshop has
attracted motor-bikes owners from surrounding sub-districts (especially from Seko, in which
they were used to repair their motor-bike in Masamba) to repair their motor-bikes in the
workshop. They do not necessary bring their motorbike to Masamba which is 20-30 km away
from their villages.

Figure 3.1. The increment of income generation after PUE implementation

Table 3.9. MHP monitoring in Salumokanan Village

August
1,500,000
250,000
Total income
Salary (IDR)
1,000,000
Expenses for:
Maintenance
100,000
Total expense
Remarks: 90 consumers; tariff Rp. 15,000 Rp 20,000
Income collected from households (IDR):
Income collected from PUE (IDR):

Sept
1,500,000
250,000

Oct
1,500,000
250,000

Nov
1,500,000
250,000

1,000,000
100,000

1,000,000
100,000

1,000,000
100,000

Sept
600,000
175,000

Oct
600,000
175,000

Nov
600,000
175,000

260,000
50,000

260,000
50,000

260,000
50,000

Dec
1,500,000
250,000
1,750,00
1,000,000
100,000
1,100,000

Table 3.10. MHP monitoring in Tawalian Timur Village

August
Income collected from households (IDR):
600,000
Income collected from PUE (IDR):
175,000
Total income
Salary (IDR)
260,000
Expenses for:
Maintenance
50,000
Total expense
Remarks: 50 consumers; tariff Rp. 15,000

Dec
600,000
175,000
775,000
260,000
50,000
310,000

16

Table 3.11. MHP monitoring in Tandung Village

August
Income collected from households (IDR):
650,000
Income collected from PUE (IDR):
175,000
Total income
Salary (IDR)
400,000
Expenses for:
Maintenance
50,000
Total expense
Remarks: 70 consumers; tariff Rp. 15,000

Sept
650,000
175,000

Oct
650,000
175,000

Nov
650,000
175,000

400,000
50,000

400,000
50,000

400,000
50,000

Dec
650,000
175,000
825,000
400,000
50,000
450,000

Inspecting Table 3.9 3.11, the expense of MHP operations are not well compensated with
income collected from households and PUE.
As discussed on Section 3.3. it was committed for tailors, cake makers pay additional
electricity monthly fee Rp. 5000 for each equipment, while for workshop, black-smith and
carpenter pay additional package monthly fee of Rp.30.000 Rp. 50,000 per month for all
equipments. The ideal tariff to meet MHP economic return is about Rp. 30,000; One third is
for operator salary, another one third is for maintenance and another one third for emergency,
in case turbine and or generators are broken; need urgent repair or buy a new one.
The power consumption ideally should not exceed 75% of MHP installed capacity to
guarantee electrical power supply and future development. Except for Salumokanan Village,
all the pilot villages have excess power capacity against designed productive use demand.
This provides space for development and replication of the pioneer productive use model
facilitated by the project. Unfortunately, the kWh meter and hour meter were not installed in
the pilot.

17

IV. Problems and Proposed Actions

4.1. Problems
MHP operation during the day will reduce life time of turbine and generators. PUE operation
has affected to the work load of MHP operators. The situation should be ideally well
compensated by reasonable electricity tariff of PUE beneficiaries. For safety reasons, ideally,
PUE is supported by two generators, one generator for night and another one for the day.
Unfortunately, raising PUE electricity tariff was not so simple, due to the difficulty to isolate
MHP use for only PUE during the day. The reasons, the site of PUE houses is not
concentrated, but distributed over the village area, while PUE network installation has not
been established. The implication, the beneficiaries of MHP during the day is not solely PUE
but also non-PUE households as no electrical barrier for unintended beneficiaries. As results,
MHP experience electricity leakages. The implications are: (a) the electricity power to PUE
is not optimal; (b) the poor efficiency on electricity use, as most of them is used for
consumptive.
4.2. Proposed PUE installation network
There are at least three network designs to transfer energy from MHP to productive use
houses: (a) installing timer control arrangement; (b) Installing Automatic Transfer Switch
(ATS) at turbine house; (c) Establish Productive Use Center Area (PUCA).
General assumptions for cost estimation: (a) 1 MHP is used by 60 houses; (b) 8 over 60
houses are productive use houses; (c) 5 over 8 productive houses have power input of more
than 1,000 watt.
4.2.1. Installing Timer control in every house
MHP is running for 24 hours, flow of electricity power to every house is arranged by timer control,
see Figure 4.1.
Standard Operating Procedure:
-

Alternating operation either private use or productive use

16.00 07.00: MHP is used for private use (lighting and entertainment)
07.00 - 16.00: MHP is only used for productive used activities
Flow of electricity to (non) productive-use houses is arranged by timer control
Changed from productive-use to non-productive use activities or vice-versa in the productive
use house is set by interlock.

18

Turbine
Generator

Timer
Control

Timer
Control

Interlock

Interlock

Housing with productive

Housing without
productive use

Housing without
productive use

Housing with productive use

Figure 4.1. Network design of installing timer control in every house

Table 4.1 Cost of network installation for Timer Control Arrangement
No

Equipment

Price/Unit
(IDR)
3,500,000

Number
5

Total Price
(IDR)
17,500,000

750,000

60

45,000,000

Remark

Switch Over (Interlock)

Timer

Socket/Receptacle

90,000

720,000

Distribution Panel

5,000,000

40,000,000

To observe the voltage

Cable Power (Meter)

151,000

300

45,300,000

Size: NYY 4 x25 mm2 for in-house

installation

Push Button Start/Stop

450,000

2,250,000

For machine with power input

more than 1,000 watt

Installation Cost

5,000,000

5,000,000

House installation

Total

For machine with 1000 watt up

See General assumption
Installed on every productive use
houses

155,770,000

19

Figure 4.2. Network design of installing ATS at turbine house

4.2.2. Installing Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) at turbine house

MHP is running for 24 hours, flow of electricity power to productive use and non-productive
use houses are arranged by ATS installed at turbine house. See Figure 5.2. Standard
Operating Procedure: From 16.00 07.00, MHP is for private use, while from 07.00 - 16.00,
MHP is only used for productive used activities.
Table 4.2 Cost of network installation using ATS at turbine house (in IDR)
No
Equipment
Price/Unit
Number
Total Price
1

Panel Generator

Remarks

23,200,000

23,200,000

Socket/Receptacle

90,000

720,000

Generator capacity is 20
kWh
See General assumption

Distribution Panel

5,000,000

40,000,000

See General assumption

Cable Power (Meter)

151,000

2000

302,000,000

Push Button Start/Stop

450,000

2,250,000

Assuming the most

remote productive use
house is 2 km from turbine
house. NYY : 4x25 mm2;
For machine with power
input more than 1,000 watt

Installation Cost
(Work)

50,000,000

50,000,000

Total

New installation

418,170,000.00

20

Figure 4.3 PUCA supported by three MHP

4.2.3. Establish Productive Use Centre Area (PUCA)

Reasons to establish PUCA: (a) To ensure the use of electricity during the day for productive
use; (b) To ensure the efficient use of power supply generated from MHP; (c) To ensure the
safety use of electricity for local community.
Additional assumptions: (a) 1 village has 3 MHP units which supply electrical power to 1
PUCA; (b) Distance of each MHP to PUCA is 1 km; (c) Village or villager provides land to
establish PUCA.
Turbine Generator 1

Turbine Generator 2

Turbine Generator 3

Figure 4.4. PUCA network design which is supplied by three MHP

21

The (dis)advantage of PUCA: Different entrepreneurs may help each other, share working
equipment and tools and build a center for craft knowledge, so that a development of business
activities can be expected. On the other hand, in many cases PUCA is impractical, especially
for small scale home industry, as household members are distracted from their daily
household work.
Table 4.3 Cost of network installation for PUCA
No

Equipment

Price/Unit
(IDR)
23,200,000

Number

Price(IDR)

69,600,000.00

Panel Generator

Socket/Receptacle

90,000

720,000.00

Distribution Panel

5,000,000

5,000,000.00

Cable Power (Meter)

151,000

3,000

453,000,000.00

Push Button Start/Stop

450,000

2,250,000.00

Installation Cost

20,000,000

20,000,000.00

Total

Remarks
For 3 MHP
See general assumption
Only for one PUCA
Distance of each MHP to
PUCA is 1 km, total 3 km
For machine with power
input more than 1,000 watt
PUCA

550,570,000.00

productivity centre
carpentry

mill
households

powerhouse

lines

switch

Figure 4.5 PUCA network design using one MHP (after Johannes, 2011)

22

4.3. Conclusions and Recommendations

Pros and cons of electrical network installation: Installing ATS at turbine house and
establishment of PUCA provide strong guarantee on the use of MHP for productive use only
during the day, however, the cost for installation and maintenance is relatively expensive
compare to installing timer control at every house, see Table 4.4.

Table 4.4. Pros and cons of three installation alternatives

No

Issue

Timer
on every
house

ATS at
Turbine
house

PUCA

Pros
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Cheap installation
Strong guarantee the use of MHP only for productive use
during the day
Land is not required
Time for network installation is relative quick
Cheap maintenance
Easy to add productive use
Cons
Expensive installation cost
Possibility to use MHP for non-productive use during the
day
Land is required
Time for network installation is relative long
Expensive maintenance

X
X
X
X

X
X

X
X
X

The need to formulate Village Regulation: As MHP energy is used alternating either for
private and productive use, to ensure the smooth implementation, apart from technical
approach, regulation approach in the form of Village Regulation (Peraturan Desa/Perdes) is
necessary, to establish new tariffs, limit the maximum currents, sanctions etc.
The need to provide full facilitation on productive use development model: Realizing that
productive use development is complex, involving many aspects, business development,
improving capital and market access and MHP technical aspect, while there are no success
story which can be used as learning sites, the establishment of productive use model requires
full facilitation, i.e. training, awareness and intensive technical assistance.

23

Appendix A : Profile Villages of The PUE Pilot Project

1. Salumokanan Village
A. Village Area and Population
Village
: Salumokanan
Sub-district
: Rantebulahan Timur
District
: Mamasa
Province
: West Sulawesi
Origin
: Local settlement
Area
: 16 Km square
Number of hamlets
: 6
Main livelihoods
: Irrigated rice, Coffee plantation, Cattle
Population
: 961 persons (Male : 475, Female : 486)
Number of households : 220
Religion
: Christian
Dominant Etnic Group : Toraja
Education
: Passed secondary school : 89
University Graduate
: 20
B. Accessibility
Distance from District Capital (Mamasa)
Distance from Sub-District Capital (Rantebulahan
Timur)
Accessibility from Mamasa to Rantebulahan Timur
Accessibility from Rantebulahan Timur to Salumokanan
Village

: 25 km
: 2 km
: Good during dry-season, poor during wet-season
: Good during dry-season, poor during wet-season

C. MHP and Potential productive use

Name of MHPs
: Cahaya Galung
Power Capacity
: 8 kW
Project initiator
: PNPM-Green
Debit design
: 130 L/s
Head
: 10.5 m
Year of operation
: Desember 2010
Status
: Active
Customers
: 90 kk
Operation pattern
: 24 Jam
Potential PUE
: Blacksmith, Bread making, Carpentry, Coffe grinder, Tailor and Workshop.

2. Tawalian Timur Village

A. Village Area and Population
Village
: Tawalian Timur
Sub-district
: Tawalian
District
: Mamasa
Province
: West Sulawesi
Origin
: Local settlement
24

Area
Number of hamlets
Main livelihoods
Population
Number of households
Religion
Dominant Etnic Group
Education

:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:

14 Km square
7
Irrigated rice, Coffee plantation, Cattle, Collection of rattan and timbers
2468 persons (Male : 1108, Female : 1360)
638
Christian
Toraja
Passed secondary school : 162
Technical Diploma
: 25
University Graduate
: 20

B. Accessibility
Distance from District Capital (Mamasa)
Distance from Sub-District Capital (Tawalian)
Accessibility from Mamasa to Tawalian
Accessibility from Tawalian to Tawalian Timur
Village

:
:
:
:

4 km
2 km
Good
Good

C. MHP and Potential productive use

Name of MHPs
Power Capacity
Project initiator
Debit design
Head
Year of operation
Status
Customers
Operation pattern
Potential PUE

:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:

Salulotong
15 kW
PNPM-Rural
100 L/s
7m
2006
Active
50 kk
24 Hours
Blacksmith, Bread making, Carpentry, Tailor and Workshop

3. Tandung Village
a. Village Area and Population
Village
: Tandung
Sub-district
: Sabbang
District
: Luwu Utara
Province
: South Sulawesi
Origin
: Local settlement
Area
: 70 Km square
Number of hamlets
: 5
Main livelihoods
: Irrigated rice, Making palm sugar, Cocoa plantation,
Collection of rattan and timbers
Population
: 1432 persons (Male : 642, Female : 790)
Number of households : 311
Religion
: Moslem
Dominant Etnic Group : Luwu, Bugis Bone, Bugis Sengkang
Education
: Passed secondary school : 137
University Graduate
: 33
25

B. Accessibility
Distance from District Capital (Masamba)
Distance from Sub-District Capital (Sabbang)
Accessibility from Mamasa to Sabbang
Accessibility from Tawalian to Tandung Village

:
:
:
:

30 km
17 km
Good
Good

C. MHP and Potential productive use

Name of MHPs
: Malerara
Power Capacity
: 15 kW
Project initiator
: PPK Fase II
Debit design
: 100 L/s
Head
: 17 m
Year of operation
: 2005
Status
: Active
Customers
: 70 kk
Operation pattern
: 24 Hours
Potential PUE
: Bread making, Carpentry, Tailor, and Workshop

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Appendix B : Monitoring Plan

A. PUE Specification
Name of Writer:

Ref. Number:

Monitoring of "productive use of energy" (PUE) implementation

Name of the PUE option:
Type of business (e.g. food processing):
Challenges for the business: (tantangan)
Competition for the business: (kompetisi)

Description
Local Situation
Name of village
Name of kabupaten
Name of province
Number of households (jumlah rumah tangga)
Other buisnesses in the village
Number of workers in the village (jumlah pekerja)
Access to village (akses kedesa) (tar or track)
Name of the nearest large town (nama kota besar
terdekat)
Distance from the nearest large town (jarak dari kota
besar terdekat)(km )

GSM coverage (yes or no)

Electricity tariff (in IDR/kWh or fixed)
Description of the entrepreneur
Name of manager/group/individual/cooperative
Age
Sex
Level of experience (professional, advanced, beginner )
School Level: e.g. college
other activity: e.g. crop production
Company Description (deskripsi perusahaan)
No. employees
Location (cottage industry, outdoors, shop, workshop)
Existing Equipment:
Investment cost of PUE appliance (biaya investasi alat PUE)
e.g. electricity connection fee, electrical installation, energy metering

Cost [IDR]

Appliances (peralatan)
1
2
Total investment in IDR
Technical Specifications
PUE Appliances
1
2
Other electrical tools
Installed lights (lampu yang terpasang)

Power [W]

TOTAL
Financing
Part of the investment grant [%] (dana bantuan)
Investment by Entrepreneur [IDR] (investasi pengusaha)

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B. Entrepreneur daily monitoring form

Daily Report

Name of Writer:

Ref. Number:

Monitoring of "productive use of energy" (PUE) implementation

Date
Name of PUE option:
Village:
Implemented appliances:

Turn-over per week (in IDR)

Day 1

Day 2

Day 3

Day 4

Day 5

Day 6

Day 7

TOTAL per
week

Cost of materials
Cost of services from others
Cost of repairs
Income from products
Income from services
TOTAL
Technical Specifications
Hours of Breakdowns
Problem Solutions of Breakdowns

C. MHP operator weekly monitoring form

MHP operator - Weekly Report

Name of Writer:

No. Referensi:

Date:

Name of MHP:
Village:
Installed MHP capacity (kW):

kW

Electronic load control (ELC) installed?

Yes

No

MHP kWh meter installed?

Yes

No

Week 1

Week 2

Week 4

Week 3

Week 5

Income collected from HH (IDR):

Income collected from PUE (IDR):
Expenses for:

Salary (IDR)
Maintance (IDR)

Amount of energy:
kWh
generated

Week

kWh
consumed

Operation
hours

Flickering light:
Occurance

Frequency

Blackout:
Time (morning/
afternoon/ evening)

Occurance2

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

10

YES

YES

11

YES

YES

12

YES

YES

13

YES

YES

Frequency2

Time (morning/
afternoon/ evening)2

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Appendix C : Photo Documentation

Salumokanan Village, Mamasa District

Socialization in Salumokanan Village

Distribution of Appliances in Tawalian Timur

Village

Tawalian Timur Village, Mamasa District

Socialization in Tandung Village

Distribution Equipment in Tandung Village

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Tailor (embroidery machine), Tandung Village

Workshop (las inverter), Tandung Village

Carpentry in Salumokanan Village

Workshop (motorbike modification), Tandung Village

Bread making, Tawalian Timur Village

Workshop, Tawalian Timur Village

Tailor, Salumokanan Village

Bread making, Salumokanan Village

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Energising Development (EnDev) Indonesia

Jl. Tebet Barat VIII No. 52
Jakarta 12950 Indonesia
T +62 21 830 9438
F +62 21 830 9032
I www.giz.de; www.mhpp2.or.id

Co-financed under the Global Dutch-German Partnership for Energising Development

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