Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
JingjuanFeng,PhDCand.
Agenda
Background
Cooling load prediction methods and tools
Modeling
tools
Radiant
system
sizing
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PerformancePredictionandModeling
JingjuanFeng,PhDCand.
Ventilation + space
conditioning
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JingjuanFeng,PhDCand.
5 case studies
11 responses from designers from
Europe and North America
Building names
applications
Load features
Bankok Airport
Lobby/atrium
solar + stratification
office
Typical
Walmart at sacramento
Typical
Manitoba Hydro
office
Typical
TABS ceiling
office
Lobby/atrium
Lobby/atrium
Typical
Typical
load+stratification
solar + stratification
radiant floor
radiant floor
office
Typical
Church
Typical
load+stratification
radiant floor
Casestudybuildinglist
Center for the Built Environment October 2013
Tools
#1
Heat gain
Ignorethermalmasseffect
#2
Simplified
methods
RTS,CLTD/CLF/SCL,weighting TRACE,DOE2,
factormethod, etc.
eQUEST,etc.
(airsystemonly)
#3
HB method
Radiantsystemsimulated
EnergyPlus,IESVE,
with dynamicsimulationtool TRNSYS,etc.
#4
Non
traditional
#5
ISO11855
(2012)
Diagrambasedondesign
dayenergygain,operation
hour,andetc. (TABSonly)
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Spreadsheet
Proprietarytools
PerformancePredictionandModeling
JingjuanFeng,PhDCand.
Dynamic
simula on
tool
19%
Simplified
method (Trane
Trace)
38%
Nontradi onal
method (CFD,
etc)
6%
N=16
Thermalmasseffectforconvectionbased(air)system
(source:ASHRAEFundamental2013)
Center for the Built Environment October 2013
GGASHRAERadiantEnergySeminar
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JingjuanFeng,PhDCand.
Radiant systems
Cooling load
Heat gain removed by radiation and convection at
active chilled surface
Maintain operative temperature within comfort
zone
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PerformancePredictionandModeling
JingjuanFeng,PhDCand.
Verify that cooling loads for radiant system are different from air system
Experimental approach
Conduct 12-hour tests with heaters on for 6 hours and off for 6 hours
Radiant chilled ceiling panels
Overhead air system
Maintain the same operative temperature
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Feng,J.Bauman,F.andSchiavon,S.(2013)Experimentalcomparisonofzonecoolingloadbetweenradiant
andairsystems,TobesubmittedtoEnergyandBuilding.
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PerformancePredictionandModeling
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PerformancePredictionandModeling
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Parameters studied
Thermal insulation
Building mass
hw_r2: heavyweight
Lw_r2: lightweight
BC: environment
BC: adiabatic
BC: adiabatic
Radiative/convective
split of internal load
Solar heat gain
Active ceiling/floor
Cooling design day simulation
rad0: 0% radiant
rad0.3: 30% radiant
rad0.6: 60% radiant
Window
cl_noshade: No shade
BC: adiabatic
Window
flr_noshade: No shade
G6 :typical
Window
Window
cl_shade:Exterior shade
BC: adiabatic
Real Window
flr_shade:Exterior shade
BC: adiabatic
cl_shade_rad0.6
BC: adiabatic
Feng,J., Schiavon,S.andBauman,F.(2013)Coolingloaddifferencesbetweenradiantandairsystems,
EnergyandBuildings,65,310321.
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JingjuanFeng,PhDCand.
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Power
Level (W/m2)
Power Level (W/m2)
AirSystem
1010
10
10
88
88
66
66
44
Coolingloadfrom
convectiveheatgain
22
00
6:00
6:00
18:00
18:00
6:00
10
RadiantSystem
Power Level (W/m2)
6:00
6:00
6:00
18:00
18:00
6:00
6:00
18:00
6:00
10
0
6:00
18:00
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RadiantSystem
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18:00
6:00
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Modeling method
IES (VE)
HBmethod
TRNSYS
HBmethod
EnergyPlus
HB method
ESPr
HBmethod
DOE2
Weighting factormethod
eQUEST
Weighting factormethod
TRACE
RTSmethod orTFmethod
Capabilityto capturethe
radiantdynamic
Makesureto:1)Modeltheradiantsourceasaroomsurface;
2)Definecoolingloadcorrectly
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Akronartmuseum,OH
B.Olesen,ASHRAEJournal(2008).
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peakcoolingload:128W/m2 (41Btu/h.ft2)
Radiantcoolingcapacity:108W/m2 (34.5Btu/h.ft2)
Coolingcapacityhighlimitwithoutsolar42W/m2
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ModelingInputRestrictions
Temperaturecontrol
Meanairtemperature
Hydronic TubingInsideDiameter
Betweenaminimumof1/2anda
maximumof
TemperatureControl
FixedatMeanAirTemperaturefor
compliancecalculations
CondensationControlDewpoint
Offset
Minimumcoldwatersupply
Temperaturefixedat2Fabovedewpoint
CoolingLowWaterTemperature
55F
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LEED
LEED topics
Possible
points
Energy& Atmosphere
Credit1:Optimizeenergyperformance
Credit 3:Enhancedcommissioning
Credit4:Enhancedrefrigerantmanagement
Credit5:Measurement&verification
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IndoorEnvironmentalQuality
Credit1:Outdoorairdeliveringmonitoring
Credit2:Increasedventilation
Credit3:ConstructionIAQplan
Credit6.2:Controllabilityofsystems thermalcomfort
Credit7:Thermalcomfort Design&Verification
Innovationindesign
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Key takeaway
Cooling load prediction and modeling method for radiant systems
Use design tools based on heat balance approach
Define cooling load as heat removed by actively cooled surface(s),i.e. , radiant
source should be modeled
RTS or weighting factor method, may lead to incorrect results
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Acknowledgments
California Energy Commission (CEC) Public Interest Energy
Research (PIER) Buildings Program.
Julian Rimmer, Brad Tully, and Tom Epp of Price Industries for the
use of their Hydronic Test Chamber in Winnipeg.
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Questions?
Jingjuan (Dove) Feng
jjfeng@berkeley.edu
Fred Bauman
fbauman@berkeley.edu
Stefano Schiavon
sschiavon@berkeley.edu
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