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box noun / bks / a container for putting things in, especially one with four stiff straight sides
cardboard/wooden/plastic etc box
toolbox/shoebox/matchbox etc (=a box used for keeping tools etc in)
a strong cardboard box
bag
noun / bg / a container made of paper, cloth, or thin plastic which usually opens at the top
a paper bag
a plastic bag
can noun / kn / [countable] a metal container in which food or drink is preserved without air
a Coke can
a can of hairspray
All we've got is a couple of cans of soup.
worker is suitable
on probation
a three month probation period
All new employees are on probation for nine months.
timing noun [uncountable] the skill of doing something at exactly the right time
He was just walking into the restaurant when we got there. Perfect timing.
era
noun /'r / [countable] a period of time in history that is known for a particular event, or for particular
qualities
era of
We live in an era of instant communication.
His death marked the end of an era.
the Victorian era
lane
noun / len / [countable] one of the two or three parallel areas on a road which are divided by painted
deal noun / dil / [countable] an agreement, especially in business or politics, that helps both sides involved
deal with/between someone
They made a deal to sell the land to a property developer.
The company had struck a deal with Microsoft to market its products
Twelve US soldiers were released after a deal between the army and the guerillas.
terminal noun
[countable] a big building where people wait to get onto planes, buses, or ships, or where
salon noun / 'sln / [countable] a shop where you can get your hair washed, cut, curled etc
hair/beauty salon
an exclusive hair salon in central London
lounge
compensation noun / kmpn 'sen / [uncountable] money paid to someone because they have suffered
injury or loss, or because something they own has been damaged
in compensation
as compensation
demand/seek/claim compensation
award/grant compensation
compensation for injuries at work
She received compensation from the government for the damage caused to her property.
The jury awarded Tyler $1.7 million in compensation.
The workers were given 30 days' pay as compensation.
The parents are seeking compensation for birth defects caused by the drug.
The court awarded Jamieson 30,000 compensation.
reimburse verb / rim'bs / [transitive] to pay money back to someone when their money has been spent
reimburse somebody for something
The company will reimburse you for travel expenses.
verb / n'glekt /
[transitive usually passive] to plan that something will happen at a particular time
turn left/right
Turn left at the church.
attend verb
attend (ceremony, church, class, college, conference, course, funeral, lecture, meeting,
party, rally, school, seminar)
Only 12 people attended the meeting.
Please let us know if you are unable to attend.
investigate
Police are looking into the disappearance of two children.
to get upset by the things other people say or do, because you think that
exit
depart verb / d'pt / to leave, especially when you are starting a journey
depart (from) something
depart for something
The train will depart from platform 5.
Flights by Air Europe depart Gatwick on Tuesdays.
Dorothy departed for Germany last week.
move out phrasal verb to leave the house where you are living now in order to go and live somewhere else
opposite move in
He moved out, and a year later they were divorced.
entre noun / 'ntre/ [countable] the main dish of a meal, or a dish served before the main course - used in
restaurants or on formal occasions
an entre of roast duck
recommend
verb / rek'mend / [transitive] to say that something or someone is good, or suggest them for
rehearse verb / r'hs / [intransitive and transitive] to practice or make people practice something such as a
play or concert in order to prepare for a public performance
I think we need to rehearse the first scene again.
The band was rehearsing for their world tour.
stare verb / ste / to look at something or someone for a long time without moving your eyes
stare at
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tepid adjective /'tepd / a feeling, reaction etc that is tepid shows a lack of excitement or interest
a tepid response from the audience
lovable adjective
loving adjective
[only before noun] behaving in a way that shows you love someone
appropriate adjective / 'prprit / correct or suitable for a particular time, situation, or purpose
opposite inappropriate
appropriate for something
it is appropriate (for somebody) to do something
appropriate time/place etc
clothes appropriate for a job interview
It would not be appropriate for me to discuss that now.
I didn't feel that this was an appropriate time to mention the subject of money.
satisfying adjective / 'stsfa / making you feel pleased and happy, especially because you
have got what you wanted
it is satisfying (to do something)
a deeply satisfying feeling
It can be very satisfying to work in the garden.
rewarding
adjective / r'wd / making you feel happy and satisfied because you feel you are doing
outrage verb [transitive usually passive] to make someone feel very angry and shocked
Customers were outraged by the price increases.
not showing emotion or not complaining when bad things happen to you
She bore the pain stoically.
obviously adverb / 'bvisli / used to mean that a fact can easily be noticed or understood
We're obviously going to need more help.
Obviously, this is going to take some time.
used to show that you are saying what you really think about something
Frankly, I think the Internet is overrated.
His behavior was frankly disgraceful.
bluntly adverb speaking in a direct honest way that sometimes upsets people
'You're drunk,' she said bluntly.
To put it bluntly, she's not up to the job.
originally adverb / 'rdnli / in the beginning, before other things happened or before things changed
The family originally came from France.
We originally intended to stay for just a few days.
reasonably adverb / 'riznbli / [+ adjective/adverb] quite or to a satisfactory degree, but not completely
The car is in reasonably good condition.
He's doing reasonably well at school.
verb to keep papers, documents etc in a particular place so that you can find them easily
invoice
noun /'nvs / [countable] a list of goods that have been supplied or work that has been done,
come through
phrasal verb to be made official, especially by having the correct documents officially
approved
I'm still waiting for my divorce to come through.
investment
noun /n'vestmnt / [uncountable and countable] the use of money to get a profit or to make a
investment in
investment of
Foreign investment in Taiwan rose by 79% last year.
That year, Japanese investment in American real estate totaled $13.06 billion.
The Postal Service has made a large investment in new technology.
Each of us was required to put up a minimum investment of $5,000.
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penalty noun / 'penlti / [countable] a punishment for breaking a law, rule, or legal agreement
penalty for
severe/stiff/heavy penalty
Withdrawing the money early will result in a 10% penalty.
The penalty for a first offense is a fine.
Drug dealers face severe penalties.
project noun /'prdekt / [countable] a carefully planned piece of work to get information about something, to
build something, to improve something etc
The project aims to provide an analysis of children's emotions.
a project manager
projection
noun / pr'dekn / calculation about what something will be in the future or was in the past,
optimum
option noun / 'pn/ [countable] a choice you can make in a particular situation
option of doing something
There are a number of options available.
She had the option of staying for an extra year.
Teenage mothers often have no option but to live with their parents.
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priority
noun /pra'rti / the thing that you think is most important and that needs attention before anything
else
first/top/main priority
priority over something
The club's priority is to win the League.
The children are our first priority.
List your tasks in order of priority
Buses should have priority over other road users.
reliable adjective / r'labl / someone or something that is reliable can be trusted or depended on
Miller was a quiet and reliable man.
economical adjective / ik'nmkl/ using money, time, goods etc carefully & without wasting any
A small car is more economical to run.
I'd like to buy a car that is more economical on petrol.
synonym
considerable
substantiate
verb / sb'stniet / [transitive] to prove the truth of something that someone has said,
claimed etc
Katzen offered little evidence to substantiate his claims.
intent
intend verb /n'tend / [transitive] to have something in your mind as a plan or purpose
intend to do something
intend that
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distract verb / d'strkt / [transitive] to take someone's attention away from something by making them look
at or listen to something else
volunteer noun /vln't / [countable] someone who does a job willingly without being paid
Most of the relief work was done by volunteers.
volunteer
volunteer to do something
volunteer for something
Helen volunteered to have Thanksgiving at her house this year.
No one volunteered for night duty.
accountable
adjective / 'kantbl / [not before noun] responsible for the effects of your actions and
be accountable to
be accountable for
The government should be accountable to all the people of the country.
Managers must be accountable for their decisions.
progressive adjective / pr'gresv / supporting new or modern ideas and methods, especially in politics and
education
a progressive administration
experiment
verb to try using various ideas, methods etc to find out how good they are
experiment with/on/in
He experimented with lighter-than-air flight.
The teacher provided some different materials and left the children to experiment.
valid adjective / 'vld / a valid ticket, document, or agreement is legally or officially acceptable
opposite invalid
a valid credit card
Your return ticket is valid for three months.
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realistically
adverb / r'lstkli / if you think about something realistically, you think about it in a practical
periodical noun /pri'dkl / [countable] a magazine, especially one about a serious or technical subject
periodic adjective / pri 'dk/ also periodical
regular times
periodic home visits by nurses
impressive adjective /m'presv / something that is impressive makes you admire it because it is very good,
large, important etc
Among the guests was an impressive array of authors and critics.
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impressively adverb
The latest version has an impressively user-friendly interface.
habitual adjective / h'btul / [only before noun]doing something from habit, and unable to stop
habitual criminal/offender/felon etc
habitual drinker/gambler etc
James took his habitual morning walk around the garden.
used to it
Over the centuries, these animals have become habituated to living in a dry environment.
MORE PRACTICE
warehouse noun /'wehas / [countable] a large building for storing large quantities of goods
outhouse noun /'athas / [countable]
1. a small building which is near to and belongs to a larger main building
2. an outdoor toilet
the money you have to pay to use a particular road, bridge etc
In 1871 they built a toll bridge from the mainland to the island.
at a rate of something
interest/exchange/mortgage etc rate
rate of pay/tax/interest etc
special/reduced/lower rate
They only pay tax at a rate of 5%.
another reduction in the mortgage rate
Nurses are demanding higher rates of pay.
Some hotels offer special rates for children.
reimburse verb / rim'bs / [transitive] to pay money back to someone when their money has been spent
reimburse somebody for something
The company will reimburse you for travel expenses.
leave
noun [uncountable] time that you are allowed to spend away from your work
on leave
maternity/sick/compassionate leave
leave of absence (a period of time that you are allowed to spend away from work for a particular
purpose)
Carter is in charge of the office while I'm on leave.
Your basic annual leave is 20 days.
Mr. Caserta took a leave of absence from the company in March 1994.
She's been given leave of absence to attend a computer course.
lengthy adjective a speech, piece of writing etc that is lengthy is long and often contains too many details
a lengthy report
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incorrect
His economic predictions are based on some erroneous assumptions.
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REVIEW
worth
income noun [uncountable and countable] the money that you earn from your work
annual income
meager income, earnings, wages etc
on a high income
source of income
generate revenue, profits, income etc
income tax
People on a high income should pay more tax.
His annual income is 250,000.
Welfare is their only source of income .
He supplements his income with a part-time bar job.
error noun
a mistake
retirement noun [uncountable and countable] when you stop working, usually because of your age
in retirement
retirement as/ retirement from
take early retirement
He became a keen golfer after his retirement from politics.
He announced his retirement as chief executive of the company.
She took early retirement.
Dad's approaching retirement age.
shift noun [countable] if workers in a factory, hospital etc work shifts, they work for a particular period of time
during the day or night, and are then replaced by others, so that there are always people working
a job interview
a newspaper, radio, television interview
conduct an interview
He has an interview next Thursday for a job on the Los Angeles Times.
I've got another job interview tomorrow.
oftentimes adverb
often
Oftentimes I have to wait more than twenty minutes for a bus.
pay [uncountable] money that you are given for doing your job
equal pay/ low pay
a pay cut / a pay rise /a rate of pay
Nurses often work long hours for low pay.
Teachers were awarded a 6% pay rise.
They were asked to accept a 4% pay cut.
make a payment
monthly payments
on payment of sth
There are severe penalties for late payment of taxes.
Most hotels here accept payment in dollars.
Payment can be made by check or credit card.
We do accept payment in installments.
inhabit verb [transitive] if animals or people inhabit an area or place, they live there
The woods are inhabited by many wild animals.
I have no idea what sort of people inhabit the area
PRACTICE TEST 1
cancel verb [intransitive and transitive] to say that an event that was planned will not happen
cancel an agreement, appointment, booking, concert, contract, engagement, event, holiday,
meeting, order, plan, project, show, subscription, trip, visit
premises noun [plural] the buildings and land that a shop, restaurant, company etc uses
Schools may earn extra money by renting out their premises.
business premise
home
home
homey
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assume verb formal to start to have control, responsibility etc or to start in a particular position or job
assume control/responsibility/ the role of
Whoever they appoint will assume responsibility for all financial matters.
He assumed power in a bloody coup in 1990.
Jim Paton will assume the role of managing director.
popularize verb
populate verb [transitive usually passive] if an area is populated by a particular group of people,
there
densely/ heavily/ highly/ thickly populated (=with a lot of people)
sparsely/ thinly/ lightly populated (=with very few people)
The highlands are populated mainly by peasant farmers.
one of the most densely populated areas in the world
popularity noun [uncountable] when something or someone is liked or supported by a lot of people
popularity of sth
gain/grow/increase in popularity
The popularity of the Internet has soared.
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they live
loan
noun [countable] an amount of money that you borrow from a bank etc
a loan of
a bank loan/ a home loan/ an interest-free loan/ loan repayments
make loans / take out a loan
paid off the loan
a loan of 60,000
I had to take out a loan to buy my car.
It'll be years before we've paid off the loan.
loan
deposit
deposit into
I'd like to make a deposit (=pay some money) into my savings account.
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PRACTICE TEST 2
be faced with something
I was faced with the awful job of breaking the news to the girl's family.
registered post noun = certified mail: a way of insuring something that you send by post in case it gets
lost or damaged
fit in
verb if someone fits in, they are accepted by the other people in a group
I never really fitted in at school.
contract
noun / kntrkt / [countable] an official agreement between two or more people, stating what each
will do
contract with/between
agree, break, conclude, enter into, exchange, negotiate, offer, renew, secure, sign, terminate,
win a contract
Tyler has agreed a seven-year contract with a Hollywood studio.
His contract is to be terminated by mutual consent.
What are the legal consequences of breaking a contract?
The contract was awarded to builders John Worman Ltd.
Mr. Venables informed me the club would not be renewing my contract.
Employees who refuse to relocate are in breach of contract.
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contact
contact with/between
be, get, stay, keep in contact (with someone)
come into contact with
face-to-face, social, personal contact
have ... contact with/ lose contact/ make contact with
business, personal contacts
a network of contacts/ contact number, address, details
There is very little contact between the two tribes.
contact
the total value of all the goods and services produced in a country,
file verb
1. [transitive]= categorize, classify, organize, put in place
The contracts are filed alphabetically.
The handbooks are filed away for future reference.
2. [transitive] to give or send an official report to your employer
The officer left the scene without filing a report.
3. apply for, put in for
memo [countable noun] plural memos a short official note to another person in the same company
a memo to, from someone
read, send, write a memo
a memo from the managing director to all heads of department
show off 1. models showing off the dresses display, exhibit. 2. children showing off about their new clothes
put on airs, boast
show up
anymore adverb
not anymore/ not any longer
not do, exist, matter, work anymore
Nick doesn't live here anymore.
She told me not to phone her anymore.
Lepine, he doesn't matter anymore.
CEO noun Chief Executive Officer the person with the most authority in a large company
for the most part used to say that something is generally true but not completely true
For the most part, people seemed pretty friendly.
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edge noun
1 OUTSIDE PART [countable] the part of an object that is furthest from its centre
He stood at the water's edge staring across the lake.
2 ADVANTAGE [singular, uncountable]
Companies are employing more research teams to get an edge.
The next version of the software will have the edge over its competitors.
- adapt to
The children are finding it hard to adapt to the new school.
The ability to adapt is a definite asset in this job.
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dividend noun [countable] a part of a company's profit that is divided among the people with shares in the
company
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