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9.4 A cylindrical tank (1.22m diameter) is filled with water to an operating level equal to the tank
diameter. The tank is equipped with four equally spaced baffles, the width of which is one tenth
of the tank diameter. The tank is agitated with a 0.36 m diameter, flat-blade disk turbine. The
impeller rotational speed is 4.43 rps. The air enters through an open ended tube situated below
the impeller and its volmetric flow rate is 0.0217 m3/s at 1.08 atm and 25 deg C.
density= 997.08 kg/m3
Calculate:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Power Requirement
Gas Hold-up
Sauter-mean Diameter
Interfacial area
Volumetric mass-transfer coefficient
Given:
DT = 1.22 m
W = 1/10 DT
DI = 0.36 m
N = 4.43 rps
Q = 0.0217 m3/s
Required:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Pm
H
D32
a
kla
Solution:
a. Nre = (997.08)(4.43)(.36)^2
8.904 x 10^-4
Nre = 642,915.034 > 10,000
d. Interfacial Area:
a =6H/ D32
a= 98.5447 /m
Kl = 4.58x10^-4 m/s
Pm= 1341.3218 W
b. v= (/4)(1.22)(1.22)^2
v= 1.43 m3
Vs= (4x .0217) / (1.22)^2
= 0.0186 m/s
<
0.02 m/s
Using equation 9.48 of James Lee
H = 0.0790
c. Using equation 9.42
D32= 4.8132 x 10^-3 m
D32= 4.8132 mm
Kla = 0.0451 /s
Experimental
( 0.05480.0451 ) x 100
= 17.7007% error
(0.0548)
N 3 D5I
( )
Can you determine the power consumption and impeller speed of a 1,000-gallon fermenter
based on findings of the optimum condition from a one-gallon vessel by using the same fluid
system? Is your conclusion reasonable? Why or why not?
Given:
P mo
ND2I
=f
N 3 D5I
( )
VP =1000 gallons
Vm=1 gallon
Required:
Can the power consumption and impeller speed of VP be determined on findings of the
optimum condition from Vm by using the same fluid system? Why?
Solution:
VP
=1000
Vm
The scale ratio is
1
DI , P
=1000 3 =10
DI,m
To achieve dynamic similarity, the three numbers for the prototype and model must be
equal
Pmo
P mo
=
3
5
3
5
N DI P N DI m
] [
[ ] [ ]
ND 2I
ND 2I
=
P
( Pmo )p =10 [ P mo ] m
P =m
[ ]
NP
Nm
P m ;
[]
P m ;
[]
1
=
m 31.6
Di
g
= 1.25s-1
1.25 s1 2 (0.5 m)
= 0.0796
Fr =
DI
DT
0.5
( )
Fr 0.5 = 0.2
0.5 m
1.4 m
0.5
b)
1 min
Ni = 45 /min ( 60 s ) = 0.75s-1
0.75 s1 2(0.5 m)
Fr =
Di
g
= 0.0287
*Flooding-loading transition
Flg = 30
DI
DT
3.5
( )
Fr
= 30
0.5 m
1.4 m
3.5
= 0.0234
By performing a carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen balance, determine the chemical
composition of the cells.
Solution:
By performing a carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen balance, determine the element
composition of the cells.
100C6H12O6 + 11.2 NH3 13CaHbOcNd + 56C4H10O (butanol) + 22C3H6O(acetone) +
0.4C4H8O2(butyrate) + 14C2H14O2 (acetic acid) + 221CO2 +135H2 + 0.7 C2H6O(ethanol)