Department of Education

Province of Camarines Sur

Detailed Lesson Plan in Physics
Sound Waves
Feb. 18, 2015
2:15-3:15
PSSLC- Learning Competencies

Compare transmission of sound through air its transmission through solids, liquids and gases
Discuss the factors that affect the speed of sound
Explain how sound waves are produced, transmitted and propagated

I-Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
a)
b)
c)
d)

Explain why sound waves travel fastest in solids, faster in liquids and slowest in gases;
Describe the factors that affect the speed of sound;
Infer that sound is produced by the vibrating source; and
Solve problems involving sound waves

II-Subject Matter
A. TOPIC: Sound Waves
B. REFERENCE: Science and Technology Textbook by Alicia Padua et. al., pp. 212-216
Science and Technology Physics Textbook pp. 368-370
C. MATERIALS:
a) Activity: guitar, straw ribbon, short paragraph, spoon, string (1 m long)
b) Discussion: visual aid, book, chalkboard
D. CONCEPT:
Sound is produced by the vibrating source
Sound waves are transmitted by a vibrating molecules from one molecule to another
The speed of sound differs depending on the nature of the medium
E. VALUES: Cooperation, appreciation of Physics
F. SKILLS TO DEVELOP: Mathematical skill, critical thinking
G. METHODOLOGY: Inductive
III-Learning Procedure

Time
Frame

Teachers Hint

5 mins.

A. Preliminary
Activities
a) Greeting
b) Prayer
c)Securing of
Cleanliness

d) Checking of
Attendance
e) Checking of
Assignment

3 mins.

f) Review

Teachers Activity

Students Activity

Good morning class!

Let us all stand for the word of prayer.

Good morning sir!

(The students will stand and pray).

Before you take your sits, kindly pick up

the pieces of dirt under your chairs and
then arrange your chairs properly.

(The students will do so).

Who are absents today? How about in

this row?
Put out your assignments and then
exchange it with your seatmate because
we are going to check that before we
proceed to our lesson.
Last meeting we discussed about waves.
What is wave?
Thats right!
What is the difference between
transverse and longitudinal wave?

(The students will exchange and check

their assignments).
Wave is a disturbance that carries energy
from one place to another.

In transverse wave, the particles move up

and down perpendicular to the direction of
the wave motion. While in longitudinal

I.M.

wave, the particles move back and forth

parallel to the direction of the wave motion.

5 mins.

g) Motivation

Very good! Do you have any questions

or clarifications with regard this topic?
Since you have no questions, lets
proceed to our next lesson.
(The teacher will sing a song with a
guitar).
(After singing the song).
How do you feel the song?
When I plucked the guitar string and
while I am singing, what did you hear?
Nice!
How does sound produced, transmitted,
propagated and received?
What factors affect the speed of sound?
In what medium does sound travel
fastest?
We will answer those questions later in
our discussion.

None sir.

Great sir!
We heard a sound.

B. Activity
Proper
2 mins.

a) Introduction

b) Presentation
of the Lesson
c) Presentation
of Objectives

d) Unlocking of
Difficulties

17 mins.

20 mins.

e)Activity

In our previous lesson, we analyzed the

concept of wave. Today, we will analyze
the concept of sound wave from the
perspective of wave.
Our topic for today is about sound wave.
Here are the objectives of our lesson.
(The teacher will post the objectives on
the board and call a student to read it).
Before we proceed to our lesson, here
are first the vocabulary words that you
will encounter during our discussion so
that you will have an idea in your mind
about it.
(The teacher will post the vocabulary
words on the board and explain it).
I will group you into 3 groups. Count off
1 to 3.
Are you done?
Group yourselves according to your
number. Each group, select your group
leader.
Here are the materials as well as the
procedures of your activity.
(The teacher will post the procedures of
the activity and explain it).
Any clarification?
Record the results of your activity on the
activity sheet that I will provide to you.
I will rate your output base from these
rubrics.
(The teacher will post the rubrics and
explain it).
Any questions?
You may now start your activity. You
have 15 minutes to finish that.
(The teacher is supervising the students
during the activity).
(After 15 minutes).

Visual aid
(The student will read the objectives.)

(The students will count off).

Yes sir.
(The students will group themselves and
select their leader).

None sir.

guitar,
straw
ribbon,
short
paragraph
, spoon,
string
(1 m
long),
visual aid,

None sir.
(The students are doing their activity).

f)Discussion
Times up! Post your output on the board.
Present your output. Lets start with
group 3.
Thank you group 3. Here is your

(Group 3 will present their output).

book,
visual aid,
chalkboard

rating
Next, group 2 present your output.
Thank you group 2. Here is your
rating
And the last, group 1 present your
output.
In the activity of group 1, when the
spoon strike the edge of the table it
creates vibration and produces a sound.
How does the vibration reached your
ears?

Very good! When the spoon strikes the

table, did you heard on the spot the
produced sound?
Why is this so?

Precisely!
(The teacher will post on the board the
chart of the speed of sound in different
media, the wave equation and then give
a sample problem and solve it first. After
this, the teacher will give another sample
problem and let the students solve for
it).
Very good! You got it!
The most common medium of sound
propagation is air. The results of the
number of experiments show that the
speed of sound in air at 00C is
approximately 330 m/s. For each degree
rise in temperature above 00C, the speed
of sound in air increases by 0.6 m/s.
Did you get it?
In the activity of group 2, did your throat
vibrate when you touch it while you are
speaking?
How are sound waves produced when
you talk?
Nice answer!
In the activity of group 3, how sound
waves produced?

Great!
How does sound waves received by the
ears?

Exactly!
Sound is restricted to the frequency
range of 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz to which

(Group 2 will present their output).

(Group 1 will present their output).

The vibration reached my ear in a form of

sound. The spoon vibrate in a certain
frequency until the vibrating molecules of
the spoon were transferred into the string
until the adjacent molecules of my ear also
vibrates.

Yes sir.
Because the molecules of the spoon are
very close to each other. The sound travels
very fast in solid because of the very close
molecules than in liquid and gas.

(The students will solve the problem).

Yes sir.

Yes sir.
Sound waves produced by the vibration of
the vocal cords.

Sound waves produced by the vibration of

the guitar string. As the guitar string
vibrates in a certain frequency, the
molecules in the air that are adjacent to it
also vibrate from one molecule to another
until the adjacent air molecules in my ear
vibrate also.

Sound waves received by the ears in which

the molecules that are adjacent to your
eardrums vibrate in the same frequency
with the source. These air molecules exert
pressure on your eardrums and cause it to
vibrate in the same frequency with the
source. And this vibration is transferred
through delicate bone structure, a liquid,
and nerves to produce the sensation of
hearing in your brain.

the human ear is sensitive. Waves with

frequencies below 1 to 20 Hz are called
infrasound and those above 20,000 Hz
are called ultrasound.
Did you get it?
What are the factors that affect the speed
of sound?
Very good!
How does elasticity affect the speed of
sound?

Yes sir.
Elasticity, density and temperature of the
medium.

If the molecules of the medium were able

to return quickly from their original
position after being displayed, thus, it is a
good transmitter of sound because they can
vibrate at higher speed.

Thats right!
How about the density?

A medium with higher density quickly

transmit the sound waves because their
bond strength is very strong. The molecules
quickly vibrate to each other in which they
are passing the sound waves for a very
short time.

Precisely!
And how about the temperature?

Sound waves travel faster in hot

temperature than in cold temperature. Since
heat is a form of kinetic energy, in higher
temperature, molecules have more kinetic
energy and thus, vibrate faster. And when
molecules vibrate faster, energy is
transferred through collision of molecules
and resulting in sound traveling quickly.

Exactly!
Do you have any questions or
clarifications?

None sir.

C. Closure
Activities
5 mins.

a)Generalizatio
n

Since you have no questions, I have a

demonstration to you.
(To summarize the production,
transmission, propagation and reception
of sound, the teacher will demonstrate it
using the tuning fork and let the students
explain about it).
How does sound waves produced?

Thats right!
How does sound waves transmitted and
propagated?

Precisely!
How does sound waves received by the
ears?

Tuning
fork

Sound waves produced by the vibration of

the tuning fork with its given frequency
when it was struck.

As the tuning fork vibrates with its given

frequency, it collide air molecules adjacent
to it and causes them to vibrate in the same
frequency with the source. These molecules
in turn collide with the molecules next to
them, thus, passing the disturbance along to
them.
The tuning forks frequency disturbance is
passed from molecule to molecule until the
molecules that are adjacent to your
eardrums are vibrating in the same
frequency with the tuning forks given
frequency. These air molecules exert
pressure on your eardrums and cause it to
vibrate in the same frequency. And this
vibration is transferred through delicate
bone structure, a liquid, and nerves to
produce the sensation of hearing in your
brain.

Very well said!

How does elasticity of the medium
affect the speed of sound?

3 mins.

A medium with higher elasticity is a good

transmitter of sound because they can
vibrate at higher speed. Thus, vibrating at
higher speed is transmitting the sound
waves quickly.

Very good!
How about the density?

A medium with higher density quickly

transmit the sound waves because their
bond strength is very strong. The molecules
quickly vibrate to each other in which they
are passing the sound waves for a very
short time.

Thats correct!
And how about the temperature?

Sound waves travel faster in hot

temperature than in cold temperature. Since
heat is a form of kinetic energy, in higher
temperature, molecules have more kinetic
energy and thus, vibrate faster. And when
molecules vibrate faster, energy is
transferred through collision of molecules
and resulting in sound traveling quickly.

Exactly!
b) Application
Have you experienced that you can
easily hear during nighttime than
daytime?
What is the reason behind it?

Yes sir.
We can easily hear during nighttime than
daytime because of the bending of sound
waves due to the different refractive indices
of air because of the difference in
temperature. At daytime when the sun is
shining, the air near Earths surface is
cooler than the air above. Since Earths
surface is cooler, the sound would move
from the cooler region towards the hotter
air above. Thus, sound waves will bend
into the sky. At nighttime, the air near the
Earths surface is heated by the heat
emitted by the ground, making it hotter
than the air above which is cooler due to
absence of the sun. This makes sound move
from the cooler air above towards the
hotter air near the Earths surface.
Thus, sound waves are bended to the
Earths surface. Thats why you can easily
hear during nighttime than daytime.

Excellent!

IV-EVALUATION
Answer the questions below in a crosswise sheet of paper.
1.

Which produces sound waves?

A) a vibrating body in water
B) a body at rest in air
C) a vibrating body surrounded by nothing
a) A only
b) A and B only
c) B and C only
d) A and C only

2.

Human sounds are produced by

a) the vibration of the vocal cords
b) the vibration of the box-like called larynx
c) the back and forth movement of the tongue
d) the back and forth movement of the air along the pharynx
How density, elasticity and temperature of a medium affect the speed of sound?

3.

4.
5.

Why sound waves travel fastest in solid, faster in liquids and slowest in gases?
The clap of thunder is heard 10 seconds after the flash of lightning is seen. If the air temperature is 25 0C, what is the speed of
sound?

V-ASSIGNMENT
1.
2.
3.

Explain why sound waves travel fastest in solids and slowest in gases.
What is the wavelength of the sound waves with frequency of 510 Hz while traveling in freshwater?
Differentiate pitch from intensity.

Prepared by:
Robert L. Polangcos
BSE- Physical Science
Practice Teacher (DNHS)
Noted by:
Mrs. Allyn F. Matondo
Cooperating Teacher (DNHS)

RUBRICS

Criteria

Rating

Content

40%

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Presentation

30%

Teamwork

30%

TOTAL

100%

ACTIVITY SHEET FOR GROUP 1

Materials:

Guitar
10-cm straw ribbon

Procedure:
1.
2.

Tie a piece of short straw ribbon to one guitar string. Pull up and let go this guitar string. Observe closely how the ribbon
moves.
While there is still sound, touch the string very lightly at first with your thumb and then press it hard.

Guide Questions:
1.

What did you hear when you release the string?

2.

Describe the motion of the ribbon as sound waves are produced.

3.

What causes the movement of the ribbon?

4.

What produced sound waves? Explain.

5.

What is the detector of the sound?

6.

How sound waves are produced?

ACTIVITY SHEET FOR GROUP 2

Materials:

Sample paragraph

Procedure:
1.
2.

Place two fingers lightly on your throat.

Read a prepared short paragraph.

Some can talk while others cannot talk. Man can talk because he has vocal cords. Dogs, birds and frogs have
vocal cords too. Insect, however, do not have vocal cords.

Guide Questions:
1.

What did you feel when you touch your throat while speaking?

2.

How are sound waves produced when you talk?

ACTIVITY SHEET FOR GROUP 3

Materials:

Spoon
Light string (1 m long)

Procedure:
1.
2.

Tie a 3 cm loop at each end of the string.

Tie a spoon at the middle of the string.

3.
4.
5.

Insert a loop at the end of your forefinger and put the end of a forefinger in your ear.
Let the spoon strike the edge of the table or any hard surface.
Listen carefully to the produced sound.

Guide Questions:
1.

What did you hear when the spoon strike the table and you place the string on your ear through your finger?

2. Does sound travel in solid? Explain