Tng quan v m giai.........................................................................................................

1
m giai l g................................................................................................................1
Lm cch no c th phn bit cc loi m giai?....................................................2
Tng kt.......................................................................................................................3
m giai trng / th............................................................................................................3
m giai trng.............................................................................................................3
m giai th..................................................................................................................4
m giai tng tip...............................................................................................................5
m giai tng tip mang du thng............................................................................5
m giai tng tip mang du ging............................................................................6
Tng kt.......................................................................................................................7
Vng trn quyn nng The circle of fifth.........................................................................7
The circle of fifth.........................................................................................................7
So snh gia m giai trng v th.....................................................................................9
Mode trong m nhc..........................................................................................................10
Gii thiu 7 mode m nhc................................................................................................11
7 Mode c bn...........................................................................................................11
Tng hp....................................................................................................................13
Tng quan gia cc m giai.............................................................................................13
Tn cc bc trong m giai..........................................................................................13
m giai tng i......................................................................................................14
m giai ng nguyn / ng m...............................................................................14
Tng kt v m giai...........................................................................................................14
m giai......................................................................................................................14
S tng lin gia cc m giai..................................................................................15
Chun b cho phn tip theo......................................................................................15

Tng quan v m giai

m giai, mt t m rt nhiu ti liu Vit Nam gii thch mi kiu khc
nhau. C l ngi ta nhm n i tng l nhng ngi hc cc cp
khc nhau khi vit sch, nhng s tht l mnh cha bao gi tha mn vi
cch trnh by y. Trong chng ny, chng ta hy cng nhau khm ph m
giai v nhng nt ht sc th v v c o ca m giai. bn s khng
cn phi lo lng khi nghe v m giai/thang m/scale hay bt c g i na.

m giai l g
Theo nh ngha, m giai l mt b cc nt nhc c vit theo quy lut. Cc bn
hy lu 2 t c in m.
- Mt b, c ngha l khi nhc n m giai, ngi ta s khng ni n mt hoc hai
nt nhc trong m giai , m ni n tt c cc nt nhc nm trong m giai.
- Theo quy lut, ngha l cc nt nhc c sp xp theo mt quy lut nht nh.
Lu : Mt s gio trnh Vit Nam ghi rng m giai ch gm 8 nt nhc, s khc li
bo l 13 nt .. Tht ra, c rt nhiu kiu m giai. 8 hay 12, 13, 15. l ty thuc

vo cch ngi ta mun din t m giai nh th no. V d nh m giai cc nt t

nhin th ch gm 8 nt, nhng m giai bao gm cc nt thng v ging th c th c
13 nt. m giai ca blues c th c nhiu nt hn m giai nhc thng thng Nn
bn khng cn qu b buc vo iu ny.

Hy quan st mt v d:

m giai trng chromatic (na cung) theo chiu tng v gim.

m giai dng lm g?
Hmm, trong website, chng ta c mt bi vit v Kha nhc ( key signature) ri,
khng bit bn xem cha? C khi no bn thc mc, lm sao nhc s khi vit nhc
li quyt nh dng key ny m khng dng key khc khng? V ti sao key ny li c
chng ny du thng, key kia li c chng y du ging?
m giai, l ci sn xy dng bn nhc. Bt k bn nhc no cng c to ra da
trn mt nn m giai no y. Ging nh cc k t ca ch vit. Mi on vn bt k
u c s lng ch vit, ngha, sp xp khc nhau. Nhng c no th n cng ch
c 24 ch ci. Da trn 24 ch ci, sp xp nh th no l ty bn vit on vn
th no, th ngi nhc s da trn cc nt ca m giai vit bn nhc cng y nh
vy

Lm cch no c th phn bit cc loi m giai?

Well, nh cc bn bit th c rt nhiu loi scale khc nhau. Tuy nhin cng nh
cch gi tn qung, ngi ta c th phn loi m giai da trn loi m giai v nt gc
(tonic) ca m giai

Loi m giai

Tuy nhin, thng thng bn s lm quen vi 5 loi m giai chnh thng c s

dng nhiu trong m nhc hin i (Western music).
- Diatonic scale : m giai c 7 nt trong c cha m giai trng v th.
- Chromatic scale: m giai gm cc nt cch nhau na cung (chromatic)
- Major scale: m giai trng c 7 nt, theo cng thc mt mt-na-mt-mt-mtna
- Minor scale: m giai th c 7 nt, theo cng thc mt- na - mt- mt- na -mt
mt
- Pentatonic scale: m giai ng cung ch c 5 nt, theo cng thc mt-mt-mt rimt- mt ri

Nt gc ca m giai
L nt nhc u tin ca mt m giai (rt quan trng, v s quyt nh v tr ca tt
c cc nt nhc cn li).
V d: m giai trng bt u bng nt Do s l m giai Do trng/ C major.
Rt n gin phi khng no.

Tng kt
Nh vy l bn hiu c s lc m giai l g. Trong bi tip theo, chng ta s tm
hiu tip tc v cu to ca tng loi m giai ring bit cng nh tnh cht ca
chng.
thc hin phng chm Nhc l d hiu nht c th, xin cc bn hy cng gp
sc xy dng trang web bng cch li cu hi vo bt k ch no bn cm thy
li gii thch khng tho mn c bn.
S ng gp ca bn s l sc mnh lan to tri thc v am m m nhc ca chng
ta.
Cm n bn rt nhiu

Incoming search terms:

giai thich ve cac quan am thu cua dan guitar de hieu

trong am giai co nhung not nao

cc nt nhc vit nh th no

m giai trng / th
Trong bi vit ny, chng ta s cng nhau tm hiu v 2 hnh thc m giai
c s dng nhiu nht, m giai trng/th . Cc loi m giai ny khng
h kh, bn ch cn mt t pht c th nm c cu trc v ghi nh
chng.
Nhc li bi trc mt cht bn c th d theo di. Mt m giai c xc nh
bng 2 yu t:
- Nt gc (tonic)
- Quy lut sp xp cc nt trong m giai.
Cch trnh by ca nhng m giai di y u s gip bn nhn vo quy lut ny.

m giai trng
Trc ht, chng ta s tm hiu m giai trng. y l m giai d nht v cng rt
quen thuc vi bn ri. Tm thi, bn cha cn quan tm n tn gi trng hay th
y, phn trng v th s c trnh by sau. Trong phn ny, bn vn nh th t
ca 7 nt nhc t nhin ch?

Cch thnh lp m giai trng:

Chng ta hy vit 7 nt nhc ra v cng m s cung ca tng nt, bt u t nt
Do.

m giai trng
Bn thy cng thc ca chng ta ch? Mt- mt na- mt- mt-mt- na
=> Khu quyt s mt ca bn y.
Nh vy l bn c cu to ca m giai trng ri.
Ch cn nt gc, th bn hon ton ty lp nt gc vo, sau thay i cc v tr
bn trong sao cho hp vi cng thc l bn s c m giai bn mun.
V d: m giai trong hnh bn trn l m giai Do trng (C major). Vy nu bn mun
c Sol trng (G major) th sao?
Hy ly Sol lm nt gc. G
Sau lp vo cng thc Mt- mt na- mt- mt-mt- na

m giai sol trng

Bn s thy rng trong trng hp ny, cc nt s khng cn t nhin na m xut
hin cc giu thng ging. V d nh nt Fa#, n gin l v Mi -> Fa ch c na
cung, nhng yu cu cng thc li l 1 cung, do ta phi thm na cung vo v tr
ny.
Tng t nh vy cho tt c cc nt gc khc . Bn s c 12 m giai trng khc
nhau vi cng cng thc.

m giai th
Tng t nh m giai trng, ln ny chng ta s cng vit cc nt ra v lp cng
thc vo. Tuy nhin, cng thc s hi khc mt t. Chng ta s khng bt u t nt
Do m l t nt La. y cng chnh l m giai la th.

m giai la th
Cc bn hy ch cng thc ln ny ca chng ta. l : Mt na mt mt
na mt mt=> Khu quyt s 2 m bn phi hc thuc lng.
V cch s dng cng hon ton ging nh vy. Bn mun thay mt nt gc khc ?
Ch cn a vo v iu chnh cc nt sao cho ng vi cng thc l xong
thc hin phng chm Nhc l d hiu nht c th, xin cc bn hy cng gp
sc xy dng trang web bng cch li cu hi vo bt k ch no bn cm thy
li gii thch khng tho mn c bn.
S ng gp ca bn s l sc mnh lan to tri thc v am m m nhc ca chng
ta.
Cm n bn rt nhiu

Incoming search terms:

m giai

m giai th

cach xac dinh scale d truong

tac dung cua am giai

scale am giai thu minor

nhac co ban

gii thiu m giai

cch xc inh m giai trng v giai th ca n piano

cch xc inh m giai trng v giai th

cac not nhac trong am giai do truong

m giai tng tip

bi trc, chng ta tm hiu v cu trc ca mt 2 m giai c bn l trng v
th.
Tuy nhin, bi vit ch trnh by cho cc bn v cng thc ca m giai, ging nh
mi m giai u l mt phn ring l, khng lin quan g n nhau. Ch cn ly cng
thc , lp vo cc nt gc l s c m giai mong mun.
Tht ra, m nhc khng ty tin nh bn ngh u. Cc m giai c mt mi lin h
quy lut c bit, m theo th trnh t sp xp ca cc m giai l khng h ngu
nhin. Trong bi vit ny, chng ta s tm hiu v cch hnh thnh quy lut y. Nghe

phin phc qu, chc l chng th v nh. iu ny c quan trng khng y ? Ch

mun m bo vi bn rng, bn khng nn b qua bi vit ny u.

m giai tng tip mang du thng.

u tin, chng ta hy nhn li cng thc ca m giai trng

Bn hy rng, khong cch t nt Do n nt Fa v t nt Sol n nt Do l

hon ton ging nhau v bng ng 2,5 cung. Nh vy ta hy chia m giai ny ra
lm hai phn:
- Bn m giai h: T Do- Fa
- Bn m giai thng : T Sol- Do
By gi, ta s ct b phn bn m giai h i, ch gi li bn m giai thng. Sau
in tip cc nt nhc cn thiu vo.
Cui cng, bn iu chnh li khong cch ca cc nt nhc cho hp vi cng thc
theo nh hnh bn di

m giai sol trng

Nh vy bn c m giai tng tip ca m giai Do trng l m giai Sol
trng. V chng cch nhau mt du thng.
Tng t nh vy, bn hy ly phn sau ca m giai Sol trng, lp li qu trnh, bn
s thy chng ta c m giai Re trng, trong c 2 du thng v.v. iu th v l,
mi ln iu chnh, bn s tng thm mt du thng so vi m giai trc .
Sau khi lm nh vy 7 ln, th bn s c b m giai tng tip mang du thng bao
gm:

m giai tng tip mang du ging

Cng vic cn lm hon ton tng t nh trn. Tuy nhin ln ny, chng ta s lm
theo chiu ngc li, ly bn m giai h ca m giai ny lm bn m giai thng ca

m giai kia, in tip cc nt cn thiu vo v iu chnh khong cch. Mi ln iu

chnh, bn s cn thm vo mt giu ging duy nht m thi.
Bn s c m giai tip theo vi nt gc l Fa v c mt du ging v tr Si

Hon ton tng t, bn c h cho n khi 7 du ging. Bn s c mt bng tng

hp nh sau:

Tng kt
Bn c nhn ra khng nh. Nhng du thng v ging bn trn chnh l k hiu xut
hin du kha (key signature) ngay u bn nhc ca chng ta. Ghi nhn rng du
ha kia l tn gi cho m giai m bn nhc da vo vit y
Nh vy l bn nm c v m giai tng tip. bi sau, chng ta s trnh by
mt cht v cch nh th t ca nhng m giai rc ri ny.
thc hin phng chm Nhc l d hiu nht c th, xin cc bn hy cng gp
sc xy dng trang web bng cch li cu hi vo bt k ch no bn cm thy
li gii thch khng tho mn c bn.
S ng gp ca bn s l sc mnh lan to tri thc v am m m nhc ca chng
ta.
Cm n bn rt nhiu

Incoming search terms:

bn nhc l

cch di m giai

can biet nhung am giai nao

Vng trn quyn nng The circle of fifth

Tht ra th y khng phi l vng trn quyn nng g c :)), ch l mt cch tng
hp tt c nhng cng thc lng nhng m chng ta tm hiu trong bi trc li
thnh mt bng tht d hiu thi. Bi vit ny s gii thiu cho cc bn v vng trn
ny v cch s dng n.

The circle of fifth

Vng trn ny c cc tu s Gregorian v ra t 10 th k trc, cho thy s lin
h gia cc m giai vi nhau theo trnh t ca m giai tng tip m chng ta tm
hiu trong bi trc. Tht ra th n cng n gin thi, ch c 1 iu duy nht bn cn
nh khi s dng vng trn ny, cng l khu quyt s 3 m bn cn phi nm c
khi hc nhc. (2 ci u l g, bn cn nh ko? ^_^)
Khu quyt l: Fa Do Sol Re La Mi Si (Bn no c kin v cch nh ci ny
th chia s mnh gip cc bn khc nh
)
ti sao li l th t ny? Bn hy quan st vng trn ca chng ta nh:

quan st vng trn, bn hy ch l c 3 tng chng ln nhau.

Tng th nht, i din cho s lng cc du thng v ging.
Tng th 2, l m ch ca m giai trng.
Tng th 3, l m ch ca m giai th.
Nu bn nhn vo mt m giai m thy c 3 du thng. Bn s bit ngay l m
giai La trng / hoc Fa# th. Rt n gin phi khng no.
Tuy nhin, mc tiu ca chng ta khng phi l in vng trn ny ra giy, m l in vo
tr nh chng ta c th s dng bt c lc no ch.
Cch nh th n gin thi. Bn hy n khu quyt ca chng ta v bt u
nhn vo v tr nt Fa trng (mt du ging). Bn c thy l th t ca chng thay
i theo Fa Do Sol Re La Mi Si khng? V theo chiu ngc li, Fa s n
Si,Mi,La,Re.

Tht ra, iu ny khng c g c bit c. bn bit v qung ng khng? V bi

trc, chng ta hiu v m giai tng tip. Bn s thy rng mi m giai tng
tip lun cch nhau mt qung 5 ng (Khong cch t Do ln Sol l mt qung 5).
V c tun t nh vy, chng ta s c mt Circle of fith, vng trn qung 5
thc hin phng chm Nhc l d hiu nht c th, xin cc bn hy cng gp
sc xy dng trang web bng cch li cu hi vo bt k ch no bn cm thy
li gii thch khng tho mn c bn.
S ng gp ca bn s l sc mnh lan to tri thc v am m m nhc ca chng
ta.
Cm n bn rt nhiu

Incoming search terms:

cch nh m giai n gin nht

So snh gia m giai trng v th

n y, chng ta hy tm ngng mt cht nhn li v nhng g ta tm hiu v
m giai. Chng ta cng nhau tm hiu th no l m giai trng/th, c cu trc,
tn gi ca m giai mt cch rt r rng. Nhng, ti sao li l trng hay th? Ti sao
li l cng thc y m khng phi l mt cng thc khc? Ngi ta s dng trng
hay th th c g khc nhau?
Cm gic ca m giai.
Khi s dng m giai, ngi ta ch tm n mt im cc k c bit ca m nhc.
l cm xc ca m thanh.
h trnh by rt nhiu ln trong nhng bi vit trc, iu quan trng nht ca s
sp xp cc nt nhc l kh nng truyn cm xc mt cch trc tip n ngi
nghe m khng cn dng ngn ng.
y, chng ta hy th lm mt php so snh hai m giai trng v th.

m giai trng

m giai th

Cc bn s thy rng khong cch gia m gc n cc m bc 2,4,5 l ging nhau.

Cn cc bc 3,6,7 l khc nhau. S khc nhau ny d ch l na cng nhng khi kt
hp vi nhau vn to ra cm xc m thanh rt ring bit gia m giai th v
trng.
Tht vy, m giai trng mang li cm gic trn y, ti sng v hnh phc. Cn
m giai th mang cm gic trm bun, man mc v c phn u m hn.
Chng ta khng th gii thch c v sao m nhc c th lm c iu y. Nhng
chng ta bit chc rng ai cng c th cm nhn c cm gic nh nhau.
Vy, ch c hai kiu m giai nh th ny thi sao? Cn nhng cm xc s hi, lo lng,
nhng phong cch m nhc si ng kiu flamenco, dn gian th da trn m giai
no?
Chng ta s dnh mt t thi gian tm hiu rng hn v nhng cm xc ny trong
bi vit sau.
thc hin phng chm Nhc l d hiu nht c th, xin cc bn hy cng gp
sc xy dng trang web bng cch li cu hi vo bt k ch no bn cm thy
li gii thch khng tho mn c bn.
S ng gp ca bn s l sc mnh lan to tri thc v am m m nhc ca chng
ta.
Cm n bn rt nhiu

Incoming search terms:

m giai trng v m giai th coing thc

cac bac am giai nhac l

cach tim thu tu cac loai giong truong thu trong am nhac

iu trng v iu th ging nhau khc nhau ch no

Mode trong m nhc

m nhc khng ch c trng v th.
Tht vy, khi tip cn m nhc, hu ht chng ta ch c gii thiu 2 m th qu
quen thuc ny, n ni ta c th hiu lm rng ch c trng v th m thi. Nhng
thc ra, c nhiu hn.
Cc mode trong m nhc
tm hiu cc mode ny, chng ta phi quay ngi li lch s mt cht. Vo thi
gian m m nhc ch yu c s dng, khng phi nhng bui trnh din nh hin
nay. Nhng mc ch ch yu l dng trong cc nghi l mang tnh tn gio bt ngun
t Hy Lp v c m rng t thi Trung C cho n Phc Hng. Ngi ta nghin
cu v ch ra rng, mi loi kt hp cc nt nhc theo mt nguyn tc no ( mt
khi nim ca scale) S to ra cho ngi nghe nhng cm xc v tri nghim khc
nhau.
Nhng tri nghim ny lin tc c khm ph ci tin v khng ngng hon thin,
i n nh cao l thi khai sng vi cc tc phm giao hng s v v i.

Ngy nay, bn vn ang c hng ngy tip cn vi nhng hnh thc y. C l

bn khng , nhng iu ny lm ti nh n mt mu chuyn trong b
Doraemon, tp y, ch b Nobita c mt mn bo bi gi l dn nhc cm xc
thng hoa. Dn nhc y s i theo v m vo cc tnh hung trong cuc sng
lm cho nhng tnh hung y thm phn kch tnh. T rng rn, s hi, n ho hng,
bi trng v phn khch. C th chng ta ph ci khi ngh v iu , nhng tt c cc
tc phm in nh u s dng k thut y bn. ( Chc hn bn s cm nhn
ngay iu ny, c th xem mt b phim kinh d m tt ting i :)) bn s thycm
gic gim ngay 2/3)
Cc mode trong m nhc hin i.
Ngy nay, m nhc vn cn s dng chng, v gi tn l mode. D nhin, c
nhng bin th v iu chnh cng nh khng t n gin ha. Chng ta s tm hiu
cc mode ny trong bi vit sau.
thc hin phng chm Nhc l d hiu nht c th, xin cc bn hy cng gp
sc xy dng trang web bng cch li cu hi vo bt k ch no bn cm thy
li gii thch khng tho mn c bn.
S ng gp ca bn s l sc mnh lan to tri thc v am m m nhc ca chng
ta.
Cm n bn rt nhiu

Incoming search terms:

cach de hieu biet va tiep thu duoc ve nhac ly

chu am at am nhac ly can ban

Kien thc not nhac

Lam the n

mode trong m nhc

nhac ly gi ban

Nhac@ly

xuong am cac not nhac

Gii thiu 7 mode m nhc

Trong bi vit ny chng ta s tm hiu v 7 mode c s dng.

7 Mode c bn
C th gi y l m giai cng ng, v chng cng bao gm nt gc v b cng thc
i km. Ni l c 7 mode khc nhau, nhng thc ra chng ta lm quen vi 2 trong
s 7 mode ri. Chnh xc hn th trng v th cng ch l 2 trong s 7 mode
m thi. V xuyn sut qu trnh lm vic vi mode, chng ta s tp trung hon ton
vo khu quyt s 1 ca chng ta: Mt mt na mt mt mt na, hay vit li
thnh T T S T T T S (T l tone, v S l semitone)
OK, trc ht, chng ta phi lm quen vi tn gi ca 7 mode ny. Hi kh v chng
khng c k hiu bng ting Anh. Mi mode s c trnh by theo th t. Cc
bn ch rng mode u tin s c nt gc l Do, ln lt cc mode sau s c nt
gc l Re, Mi, Fa, Sol, La,Si

Ionian (I)
Dn u v cng l anh c ca cc mode khc. y chnh l m giai trng ca
chng ta. Bn hy ch gi tr qung ca cc bc trong m giai ny nh. Chng ta s
cn c vo so snh nhng mode khc.
Cng thc: T T S T T T S (T l tone v S l Semitone)
Qung
Cc nt nhc

Qung

P1

M2

M3

P4

P5

M6

M7

P8

Dorian (II)
Mode th 2, mode ny c cu trc rt gn vi m giai th ca chng ta, ch khc
bc s 6, khng phi l qung 6 th m l qung 6 trng.
Cng thc : T S T T T S T
Qung:
Cc nt nhc

Qung

P1

M2

m3

P4

P5

M6

m7

P8

Phyrgian (III)
Mode th 3 cng c cu trc gn vi m giai th, ch khc bc 2 l qung 2 th.
Cng Thc: S T T T S T T
Qung:
Cc nt nhc

Qung

P1

m2

m3

P4

P5

m6

m7

P8

Lydian (IV)
Mode th 4, gn tng t nh m giai trng, ch khc nhau bc 4 l qung 4 tng
ch khng phi l 4 ng.
Cng Thc: T T T S T T S
Qung:
Cc nt nhc

Qung

P1

M2

M3

A4

P5

M6

M7

P8

Mixolodian(V)
Mode th 5, gn tng t nh m giai trng, ch khc nhau bc 7 l qung 7 th
ch khng phi qung 7 trng.
Cng thc: T T S T T S T
Qung:

Cc nt nhc

Qung

P1

M2

M3

P4

P5

M6

m7

P8

Aeolian (VI)
Mode th 6.Nt gc l La, v cng chnh l m giai th t nhin ca chng ta.
Cng thc: T S T T S T T
Qung:
Cc nt nhc

Qung

P1

M2

m3

P4

P5

m6

m7

P8

Locrian (VII)
Locrian l mode cui cng, cng l mode c cu trc khc l so vi nhng mode khc
nht. Tt c cc mode khc u c bc 5 l mt qung 5 ng, tuy nhin mode ny
th bc 5 li l qung 5 gim. Trong mt m giai th bc 5 gi mt v tr rt quan
trng, nn vic gim bc 5 s lm cho m thanh ca mode ny c cm gic rt khc
bit, c th ni l b lch cn bng so vi nhng mode khc rt nhiu.
Cng thc: S T T S T T T
Qung:
Cc nt nhc

Qung

P1

m2

m3

P4

d5

m6

m7

P8

Tng hp
im lu s 1: cu trc v cng thc ca cc mode ny c th rt lung tung vi
bn. Nhng nu bn s thy rng mi mode cng ch bao gm khu quyt : T T
S T T T S, c ln mt mode th ta s xoay vng v tr. T bc 2 s tr thnh bc 1, v
bc 1 chuyn xung thnh bc 7.
im lu s 2: C th chia cc mode ny thnh 3 nhm.
- Nhm I,IV,V c cu trc v m hng thin v m giai trng.
- Nhm II,III,VI s c cu trc v m hng thin v m giai th.
- Nhm VII c cu trc v m hng rt khc, khng trng cng khng th ( c s
dng trong nhc Jazz v cm gic m rt c trng ca n)
thc hin phng chm Nhc l d hiu nht c th, xin cc bn hy cng gp
sc xy dng trang web bng cch li cu hi vo bt k ch no bn cm thy
li gii thch khng tho mn c bn.
S ng gp ca bn s l sc mnh lan to tri thc v am m m nhc ca chng
ta.
Cm n bn rt nhiu

Incoming search terms:

Mode trong am nhac la gi

Tng quan gia cc m giai

Nh vy l cc bn nm c khi nim v m giai v s dng m giai
mt cch tng i qua nhng bi vit trc. Trong bi vit ny, website s
m rng cho cc bn nhng khi nim nhc l v m giai b tr cho kin
thc ca cc bn. Phn ny khng quan trng lm, tuy nhin cc bn cng
khng nn b qua.

Tn cc bc trong m giai
Nu mt m giai c 7 nt nhc, th mi nt nhc u c tn v v tr cng nh vai tr
ca chng trong m giai.Mi m trong m giai s quyt nh sc thi ca m giai
, c bit l nhng v tr tr ct ca m giai. Bn ng lo, chng ta s tm hiu k
v vn ny hn trong lot bi v hp m.
Bc I: Ch m (Tonic) cng l tn ca m giai, y l nt gc m m giai c xy
dng.
Bc II: Thng ch m (Supertonic)
Bc III: Trung m (Mediant). Nm gia ch m v p m
Bc IV: H p m (Subdominant)
Bc V: p m (Dominant), c tnh cht ln p v gi v tr kh quan trng trong m
giai.
Bc VI: Thng p m, (Submediant)
Bc VII: Cm m.(Subtonic/Leading tone). y l m c xu hng ng v pha ch m
(tonic). Thng c s dng nh mt bc chuyn dn dt dng chy ca bn
nhc tr v vi ch m.

m giai tng i
Trong bi vit trc, chng ta cp n vng trn qung 5. Hn bn cn nh
nhng v tr m trong m giai trng v th c cng s du kha ch?
Nhng m giai m c chung s du thng ging/ tuy nhin loi ca chng (trng
hay th) l khc nhau, th c gi l m giai tng i.
V d: m giai Do trng v La th.
2 m giai ny khng c du thng ging.
La th nh hn trng 1,5 cung (qung 3 th)
T y bn c th suy ra cng thc l: vi 2 m giai tng i th m giai th
lun nh hn m giai trng 1,5 cung.

m giai ng nguyn / ng m
Li mt m nhng k t kh hiu na :D.
nh 2 khi nim ny, chng c g kh khn c, bn ch cn lu nhng im sau:

ng nguyn => c th dch ra l ging nhau v ngun gc. M gc ca mt m giai

th ch c th l nt gc m thi. Nh vy, m giai ng nguyn c th gi l m giai
khc nhau v loi, nhng ging nhau nt gc.
VD: Do trng v Do th.
m giai ng m => Dch ra l c m thanh ging nhau => Ngha l nhng m giai
tn th nghe c v khc nhau, nhng thc ra th m thanh ca chng hon ton ging
nhau.
V d: m giai Re# trng MiTrng
thc hin phng chm Nhc l d hiu nht c th, xin cc bn hy cng gp
sc xy dng trang web bng cch li cu hi vo bt k ch no bn cm thy
li gii thch khng tho mn c bn.
S ng gp ca bn s l sc mnh lan to tri thc v am m m nhc ca chng
ta.
Cm n bn rt nhiu

Tng kt v m giai
Nh vy l chng ta hon thnh mt chng na ca nhc l cn bn. Hy dnh t
thi gian h thng li nhng g bn cn nm chc trc khi qua chng tip theo.
Hy chc chn rng bn hiu tt c nhng cu tm gn di y v bn c tt c
cc bi vit mt cch cn thn.

m giai
- m giai l mt B cc nt nhc c sp xp theo mt quy lut nht nh. Khi
ni v m giai, ngi ta khng ni n tnh ng dng ca n theo kiu trong bi ht
ny c m giai A, m giai B . Nhng m giai c xem nh mt b thc o, quy
chun m ngi nhc s da theo vit tc phm ca mnh.
- C rt nhiu kiu m giai khc nhau, pht trin trong sut dng lch ca m nhc.
Tuy nhin, m nhc hin i v ph thng ch yu s dng m giai c 7 nt nhc,
chia thnh 2 dng chnh l m giai trng v th.
- Ngoi trng v th th cn 5 mode khc ca m giai 7 nt nhc. Da vo s khc
bit gia cc qung trong nhng mode ny m mi mode mang mt m hng rt
c trng. Ngi nhc s s s dng tnh cht to ra cm xc ca bn nhc
theo mnh.
- Trong cc dng ny th cng thc mt mt na mt mt mt na vn lun
chim v tr quan trng. Nhng dng khc ch l thay i v tr bc gc ca cng thc
ny.

S tng lin gia cc m giai

- Ngoi cng thc, cc m giai cn c phn bit da trn nt gc (tonic).
- Mi m giai c xc nh da trn s du thng ging c cha trong .
- Quy lut pht trin cc du thng ging l quy lut s dng bn m giai thng
v bn m giai h.

- Quy lut v trnh t cc du thng ging c th c d dng tm gn trong vng

trn qung 5.
- Cc tn gi ca nhng hnh thc trong m giai cn nh: m giai ng nguyn, m
giai ng m, m giai tng i.

Chun b cho phn tip theo

Chng ta dnh nhiu thi gian cho phn l thuyt thng qua 2 chng v
Cung/Qung v m giai. Tt c nhng s chun b ny l chng ta bc vo
chng v Hp m tip theo y. Nu bn trang b vng chc, bn s nm c
vn v hp m mt cch rt nhanh chng.
Tip tc thi.