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Set No. 1
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(b) How is the average velocity over a vertical plane determined using single point,
two point and three point methods.
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(b) The ordinates of 6-hour UH are given below. Derive the ordinates of 12-hour
UH without resorting to the S-curve technique.
[8+8]
Time (hr):
0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
12-hr UGO(cumec) 0 5 13 30 35 32 20 14 8 4 0
4. (a) What are the methods of estimating design flood. What are their limitations.
Explain the method of design flood estimation using the rational method.
(b) The annual flood peak of a stream is estimated to have 50 year and 100 year
floods of 2400 m3 /s and 2730 m3 /s respectively. What is 200 year flood for
the same stream.
[8+8]
5. (a) Explain the following terms:
Vadose water, Pellicular water, artificial recharge, non-equilibrium equation
(b) A 30 cm diameter well penetrates 20 m below the static water table. After 24
hours of pumping at 5000 liters/minute, the water level in a test well at 100
m away is lowered by 0.50 m, and in a well 30 m away the drawdown is 1.0m.
What is the transmissibility of the aquifer?
[8+8]
6. (a) Explain the various types of filters used in drip irrigation?. Explain various
disadvantages of drip irrigation?
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Set No. 1
[10+6]
7. (a) What is meant by duty and delta of canal water. Derive a relation between
duty and delta for a given base period.
(b) Find the delta for sugarcane when its duty is 730 hecatares/cumecs on the
field and the base period of the crop is being 110 days.
[8+8]
8. (a) What is meant by regime ? Differentiate between regime in natural rivers
and in artificial channels.
(b) Design an irrigation channel section for the following data.
Discharge= 40 cumecs,
Silt factor=1.0,
Side slopes= 12 :1,
Determine the longitudinal slope also.
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[8+8]
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Set No. 2
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[8+8]
3. (a) How can the linear reservoir storage coefficient K in the Clark IUH be determined from runoff data.
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(b) A drainage basin has an area of 160 sq. km, storage constant is 6.0 hr. The
inter isochronal areas are given below. Obtain an UH for the basin using clark
model.
[8+8]
Time (hr)
0-1 1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6
40 23 47 30 12
Isochrone area (km2 ) 8
5. The following observations were recorded during a pumping out test on a tube
well Penetrating fully in a aquifer. Well diameter=25cm, Discharge from the
well=300m3 /hr,
R.L. of original water surface, before pumping started = 122.0m
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Set No. 2
[16]
6. (a) Write down the differences between perennial irrigation and flood irrigation.
(b) Explain the concept of sub-irrigation. Explain natural sub irrigation and artificial sub irrigation.
[8+8]
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(b) The depths of penetrations along the length of a boarder strip at points 30meters apart were probed. Their observed values are 2.0, 1.9, 1.8, 1.6 and 1.5
meters. Compute the water distribution efficiency.
[8+8]
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Set No. 3
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2. (a) Define pan coefficient. Discuss the relative merits and demerits of sunken,
floating and land pans.
(b) The average rainfall over 45 ha of watershed for a particular storm was as
follows:
Time(hr)
0 1
2
3
4
5
6 7
Rainfall(cm) 0 0.5 1.0 3.25 2.5 1.5 0.5 0
The volume of runoff from this storm was determined as 2.25 ha-m. Establish
the -index.
[8+8]
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3. (a) What does the word unit refer to in the unit hydrograph. Explain with
sketches, what do you understand by the principle of linearity and principle
of time invariance in the unit hydrograph theory.
(b) The peak discharge and time to peak in a 3 h unit hydrograph derived for
a basin of area 250 km2 with L = 30 km and Lc = 14 km are 50 m3 /s and
9 h respectively. Assuming that Snyders synthetic unit hydrograph applies,
determine the coefficient Ct and Cp .
[8+8]
4. (a) Distinguish between
i. Maximum probable flood and Design flood
ii. Annual series and partial series
iii. Return period and exceedence probability
(b) For a river reach K is 28 h and X is 0.25.
drograph. Take O1 = I1 for the beginning
attenuation and translation of the peak.
Time (h)
0 0
6
12 18
Inflow (m3 /sec) 30 62 242 170 114
5. (a) Derive an expression for a discharge from a well fully penetrating a confined
aquifer.
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Set No. 3
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[6+10]
8. (a) What are the differences between suspended load and bed load. Explain how
you would estimate the life of a reservoir.
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(b) Compare and contrast the differences between Lacey?s theory and Kennedys
theory.
[8+8]
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Set No. 4
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2. (a) Explain the balanced equation for precipitation and describe the terms.
i. Interception and
ii. Depression storage.
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(b) Describe with the help of neat sketches any three methods of separation of base
flow from the hydrograph of runoff (i.e. stream flow hydrograph) indicating
the situations under which you advocate them.
[8+8]
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Isochrone
Linear channel
Linear reservoir
Time of concentration
(b) Consider a 3-h UH to be a triangle whose base is 8 h and the peak of 4 m3 /sec
occurs at 3-h from the origin of the time. If rainfall of intensity 25 mm/h
occurred for 3-h, compute the DRH and peak discharge.
[8+8]
4. (a) What are the methods of estimating design flood. What are their limitations.
Explain the method of design flood estimation using the rational method.
(b) The annual flood peak of a stream is estimated to have 50 year and 100 year
floods of 2400 m3 /s and 2730 m3 /s respectively. What is 200 year flood for
the same stream.
[8+8]
5. (a) State Dupuits assumptions for obtaining the general equation governing ground
water flow. Derive an expression for the confined aquifer. How the expression
can be used to evaluate aquifer permeability.
(b) Write short notes on the following:
i. Infiltration wells and infiltration galleries,
ii. measuring the yield of under ground water sources.
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Set No. 4
(b) Describe Border strip method of irrigation?. Derive the expression for the time
required to cover a given area by this method, for a given rate of discharge
and the rate of infiltration of water in the soil.
[4+12]
7. (a) What do you understand by crop rotation? What are its advantages?
(b) The left branch canal carrying a discharge of 20 cumecs has Culturable command area of 20,000ha. The intensity of Rabi crop is 80 % and the base period
is 120 days. The right branch canal carrying discharge of 8 cumecs has Culturable command area of 12,000ha, intensity of irrigation of Rabi crop is 50
% and the base period is 120 days. Compare the efficiencies of the two canal
systems.
[8+8]
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8. (a) Explain the measures adopted to remove silt from the canal
(b) Enumerate the various types of linings practiced in our state and explain any
one of the predominantly used lining.
[8+8]
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Set No. 1
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(b) The SC, OC & DC test data for a star connected 25 kVA, 240 V, 60 Hz,
alternator are (between two terminals):
VOC = 240 V, ISC = 60.2 A - - - - For same field current
VDC = 120.6 V, IDC = 50.4 A
Determine: Synchronous reactance.
[8+8]
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3. (a) Explain the various tests conducted on an alternator to find the voltage regulation of an alternator by MMF method.
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(b) A 1 MVA, 11 kV, 3-, star connected synchronous machine has following OCC
test data:
If
50 110
140 180
EOL -kV 7 12.5 13.75 15
(where EOL is the line voltage at no load)
The short circuit test yielded full load current at a field current of 65 A, the
armature resistance is negligible. Calculate the voltage regulation at full load
0.866 pf lagging by MMF method.
[8+8]
4. (a) Explain the various methods of synchronization of alternators.
(b) Two similar 4 MVA alternators operate in parallel. The governor of first
machine is such that frequency drops from 50 Hz at no load to 47.5 Hz at full
load. The corresponding drop for second machine is 50 Hz to 48 Hz. [8+8]
i. How will they share a load of 6 MW?
ii. What is the maximum load they can share at UPF without over loading
any generator?
5. (a) An industrial load of 200 kW is supplied at 11 kV, the power factor being 0.8
lagging. A synchronous motor is required to meet an additional load of 50
kW and at the same time to raise the resultant power factor to 0.9 lagging.
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Set No. 1
Determine the kVA capacity of the motor and the power factor at which it
must operate. The efficiency of motor is 90 %.
(b) With neat vector diagrams explain, how the power factor of synchronous motor
varies as its excitation is varied.
[8+8]
6. (a) What is hunting? Why it is essential to suppress the hunting?
(b) Explain the various staring methods of synchronous motor.
[8+8]
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(b) Compare variable reluctance stepper motor & permanent magnet stepper motor.
[8+8]
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Set No. 2
Double layer
Single Layer
Short pitch
Distributed.
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(b) Give the winding calculation for a 3- armature winding with following details:
Pole = 8, Number of slots = 54, Double layer winding.
[8+8]
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2. (a) Discuss the nature of armature reaction in salient pole alternators in following
cases:
i. Armature current lagging excitation EMF by 90o
ii. Armature current in phase with excitation EMF.
iii. Armature current leading excitation EMF by 90o
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(b) A 1200 kVA, 6600 V, 3-, star connected alternator with a resistance of 0.4
/ph and reactance of 6 /ph delivers full load current at power factor of 0.8
lagging at rated voltage. Estimate the terminal voltage for the same excitation
and load current for a power factor of 0.8 leading.
[8+8]
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3. (a) Explain the voltage regulation method of an alternator by which the armature
reaction & leakage reactance can be separated.
(b) A 3-, star connected salient pole synchronous generator is driven at a speed
near synchronous with the field circuit open and the stator is supplied from
a balanced 3- supply. Voltmeter connected across the line gave minimum
and maximum readings of 1196 V & 1217 Volts. The line current fluctuated
between 120 & 225 Amp. Find the direct and quadrature axis reactances per
phase. Neglect armature resistances.
[8+8]
4. (a) Explain all the necessary conditions for successful parallel operation of alternators.
(b) A 2 MVA, 3-, star connected, 4 pole, 750 RPM alternator is operating on
6000 V bus bars, s is 6 /ph. Find synchronizing power and torque for full
load 0.8 power factor lagging.
[8+8]
5. (a) An industrial load of 200 kW is supplied at 11 kV, the power factor being 0.8
lagging. A synchronous motor is required to meet an additional load of 50
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Set No. 2
kW and at the same time to raise the resultant power factor to 0.9 lagging.
Determine the kVA capacity of the motor and the power factor at which it
must operate. The efficiency of motor is 90 %.
(b) With neat vector diagrams explain, how the power factor of synchronous motor
varies as its excitation is varied.
[8+8]
6. (a) With neat diagram explain how damper winding helps in starting of synchronous motor. Explain any other uses/benefits of using damper winding.
(b) A 5.5 MVA, 50 Hz, 3- synchronous generator having a synchronous reactance
of 0.3 pu is running at 1500 RPM and is excited to give 11 kV. If the rotor
deviated 1o mechanical from its equilibrium position, what is synchronizing
torque?
[8+8]
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(b) Explain the necessary arrangements made to make single phase Induction
motor self starting & with neat diagram explain the operations of same. [8+8]
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Set No. 3
Double layer
Single Layer
Short pitch
Distributed.
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(b) Give the winding calculation for a 3- armature winding with following details:
Pole = 8, Number of slots = 54, Double layer winding.
[8+8]
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(b) The SC, OC & DC test data for a star connected 25 kVA, 240 V, 60 Hz,
alternator are (between two terminals):
VOC = 240 V, ISC = 60.2 A - - - - For same field current
VDC = 120.6 V, IDC = 50.4 A
Determine: Synchronous reactance.
[8+8]
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3. (a) Explain the Potier triangle method of finding the voltage regulation of an
alternator.
(b) The no load excitation of an alternator required to give rated voltage is 160 A.
In a short circuit test with full current flowing in the armature, the field excitation was 135 A. Determine the approximate excitation that will be required
to give full load current at 0.8 PF leading at the rated terminal voltage. [8+8]
4. A 5 MVA, 10 kV, 1500 RPM, 3-, 50 Hz alternator is running in parallel with
other machines. Its synchronous reactance is 20 %.Find synchronizing power &
synchronizing torque per degree mechanical displacement, for no load & full load,
0.8 pf lagging.
[16]
5. (a) Explain the V-curves & inverted V curves of synchronous motor.
(b) A 75 kW, 400 V, 4 pole, star connected synchronous motor has an effective
per phase armature resistance & reactance of 0.04 & 0.4 respectively.
Compute the open circuit voltage/ph and mechanical power developed for full
load at 0.8 pf leading. Assume an efficiency of 92.5 %.
[6+10]
6. (a) Explain the operation of synchronous induction motor.
(b) A 2 pole, 50 Hz, 3- turbo alternator is expected to generate the bus bar
voltage of 11 kV on no load. Calculate the synchronizing power per mechanical
displacement of the rotor and the corresponding synchronizing torque. The
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Set No. 3
machine is star connected and short circuit current for this excitation is 1200
A.
[8+8]
7. (a) Why single phase motors are not self starting?
(b) Explain the necessary arrangements made to make single phase Induction
motor self starting & with neat diagram explain the operations of same. [8+8]
8. (a) Compare AC series motor & DC series motor. What are the operational
difficulties of each?
(b) Explain the variable reluctance motor principle.
[8+8]
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Set No. 4
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2. (a) Explain the operation and effect of load power factor on the performance of
alternator.
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(b) The effective resistance of a 2200 V, 50 Hz, 440 kVA, single phase alternator is
0.5 . On short circuit, a field current of 4 A gives the full load current. The
EMF on open circuit for the same field current is 1160 V. Find Synchronous
impedance, Synchronous reactance and % regulation of 0.6p.f lagging.. [8+8]
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3. (a) Explain the concept and analysis of quadrature axis & direct axis reactances.
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(b) A 3-, star connected salient pole synchronous generator is driven at a speed
near synchronous with the field circuit open and the stator is supplied from
a balanced 3- supply. Voltmeter connected across the line gave minimum
and maximum readings of 2800 V & 2820 Volts. The line current fluctuated
between 360 & 275 Amp. Find the direct and quadrature axis reactances per
phase. Neglect armature resistances.
[8+8]
4. (a) A 2 pole, 50 Hz, 3-, turbo alternator is excited to generate bus bar voltage
of 11 kV at no load. Calculate the synchronizing power per degree mechanical
displacement of the rotor and the corresponding synchronizing torque. The
machine is star connected & the SC current of this excitation is 1200 Amp.
Neglect armature resistance.
(b) With neat phasor explain the operation of an alternator on infinite bus bars
with varying excitation.
[8+8]
5. (a) A 3-, synchronous motor observing 60 kW is connected in parallel with a
factory load of 240 kW having lagging pf of 0.8. If the combined load has a
pf of 0.9 lagging, what is the value of leading kVAR supplied by the motor &
at what power factor it is working?
(b) Explain the power f actor v/s f ield current & armature current v/s f ield
current characteristics of synchronous motor.
[8+8]
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Set No. 4
6. (a) Explain the procedure to plot V curves & inverted V curves for a given
synchronous machine with help of its circles diagrams.
(b) A 2 pole, 50 Hz, 3- turbo alternator is excited to generate a bus-bar voltage of
11 kV on no load. The machine is star connected and the short circuit current
for this excitation is 1000 A. Calculate the synchronizing power per degree
of mechanical displacement of the rotor and the corresponding synchronizing
torque.
[8+8]
7. (a) Why single phase motors are not self starting?
(b) Explain the necessary arrangements made to make single phase Induction
motor self starting & with neat diagram explain the operations of same. [8+8]
8. (a) Explain the torque-speed characteristics of reluctance motor.
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Set No. 1
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Figure 2
3. In the mechanism shown in Figure 3. The crank OA rotates at 50 rpm and the
lengths of the links are OA= 125 mm, AC= 600 mm, QC= 150 mm, QD= 150
mm, CD= 130 mm, BD= 550 mm and OQ= 625 mm. When the angle AOQ= 45
degrees, determine,
(a) The linear acceleration of the slider at B.
(b) The angular acceleration of the links AC, CQD and BD.
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[10+6]
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Set No. 1
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Figure 3
4. (a) Explain the construction and working of Davis steering gear with a neat sketch.
(b) A Hookes joint is used to connect two shafts whose axes are inclined at 20o .
The driving shaft rotates uniformly at 6,000rpm. What are the extreme angular velocities of the driven shaft? Find the maximum value of retardation
or acceleration and state the angle where both will occur.
[6+10]
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(b) A cam profile consists of two circular arcs of radii 30mm and 15 mm, joined by
straight lines giving the follower a lift of 15mm. The follower is roller of 25mm
radius and its line of action is a straight line passing through the cam shaft
axis. When the cam shaft has a uniform speed of 600rpm, find the maximum
velocity and acceleration of the follower while in contact with the straight
flank of the cam.
[16]
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Set No. 1
Figure 8
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Set No. 2
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(b) Find the distance between the fixed centers of a whit worth quick return
motion mechanism if the length of driving link is 35mm, return stroke is
125mm and time ratio of cutting to return stroke is 1.75.
[8+8]
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2. In figure 2 shown, the dimensions of the various links are such that
OA
AC
= OE
= BD
= FEC
. Show that if C traces any path, then D will describe a
OB
OF
D
similar path and vice-versa.
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Figure 2
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Set No. 2
Figure 3
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5. (a) Draw a figure of a radial cam with reciprocating roller follower and represent
the nomenclature of cam.
(b) The following particulars relate to a symmetrical tangent cam having a roller
follower.
Minimum radius of the cam = 40mm, Lift = 20mm, Speed = 360 rpm, Roller
diameter = 44mm, Angle of ascent = 600 .
Calculate the acceleration of follower at the beginning of lift. Also find its
values when the roller just touches the nose and is at the apex of the circular
nose. Sketch the variation of displacement, velocity and acceleration during
ascent.
[16]
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Set No. 2
(a) What is the speed of shaft L if shaft M makes 1000rpm and all the wheels
have the same pitch?
(b) What is the load torque on the shaft L and holding torque on wheel A if input
torque to shaft M is 80kN.m.
[16]
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Set No. 3
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2. (a) A coupler AB to form a simple Watt mechanism joins two bars OA and O1 B.
When the mechanism is in its mean position, the lines OA and O1 B are perpendicular to AB. If OA=12cm, O1 B=18cm and AB=9cm, find the position
of point P on connecting link which gives the best straight line motion
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(b) Sketch and Describe the Peaucellier and Hart straight-line motion mechanisms.
[8+8]
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3. One cylinder of rotary engine is shown in Figure 3b. OA is the fixed crank and 200
mm long. OP is the connecting rod and is 520 mm long. The line of stroke is along
AR and at the instant is inclined at 30o to the vertical. The body of the engine
consisting of cylinders rotates at a uniform speed of 500 rpm about the fixed center
A. Determine,
Figure 3b
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Set No. 3
4. The distance between the pivots of the front stub axles of a car is 130 cm, the length
of track rod is 120 cm, the wheel track is 145 cm and the wheelbase is 280cm. What
should be the length of track arm if the Ackermann steering gear is to be given a
correct steering, when rounding a corner of 6-meter radius?
[16]
5. (a) Define cam. What are the uses of cam & follower?
(b) Construct the profile of a disk cam with translating flat follower with the
following data: Rise 3 cm with harmonic motion in 1800 of cam rotation,
return with parabolic motion in 1500 of cam rotation and then dwell. The
base circle diameter is 15 cm. Determine the width of follower face allowing
0.75 cm clearance. The cam rotates in a counterclockwise direction. Check
the possibility for a cusp on the cam.
[16]
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(b) Two 200 involute spur gears mesh externally and give velocity ratio of 3.
Module is 3mm and the addendum is equal to 1.1 module. If the pinion
rotates at 120rpm, determine
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(b) A shaft runs at 80 rpm and drives another shaft at 150rpm through belt drive.
The Diameter of the driving pulley is 600mm. Determine the diameter of the
driven pulley in the following cases:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
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[16]
8. An epicyclic gear in figure 8, consists of two sun wheels, S1 and S2 with 24 and
26 teeth respectively, engaged with a compound planet wheel with 26 and 29 teeth
S1 is keyed to the driving shaft which is co-axial with the driven shaft. Find the
velocity ratio of the gear. If 7.5kW is transmitted at the input speed of 1000 rpm
[16]
what torque is required to hold S2 ?
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Set No. 3
Figure 8
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Set No. 4
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(b) Show that the pantograph can produce paths exactly similar to the ones traced
out by a point on a link on an enlarged or a reduced scale.
[6+10]
3. In the Whitworth quick-return mechanism shown in figure 3., the dimensions of the
links are: OP (crank) =240 mm, OA =150 mm, AR =165 mm and RS 450mm.
The crank rotates at an angular velocity of 3 rad/s. At the moment when the crank
makes an angle of 600 with the vertical, calculate
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Figure 3
4. (a) With a neat sketch explain the construction and working of a Davis steering
gear.
(b) The driving shaft of Hookes joint runs at a uniform speed of 280rpm and the
angle ? between the shaft axes is 20o , the driven shaft with attached masses
has a mass of 60 kg at a radius of gyration of 15 cm, If a steady torque of
200 N-m resists rotation of the driven shaft, find the torque required at the
driving shaft, when = 450 ; g=981 cm/sec2 . At what value of will the total
fluctuation of speed of the driven shaft be limited to 28 rpm.
[6+10]
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Set No. 4
(b) Construct the profile of a disk cam with translating flat follower with the
following data: Rise 3 cm with harmonic motion in 1800 of cam rotation,
return with parabolic motion in 1500 of cam rotation and then dwell. The
base circle diameter is 15 cm. Determine the width of follower face allowing
0.75 cm clearance. The cam rotates in a counterclockwise direction. Check
the possibility for a cusp on the cam.
[16]
6. (a) State and explain ?law of gearing?.
(b) An internal spur gear having 200 teeth meshes with a pinion having 40 teeth
and a module of 2.5mm. Determine
i. the velocity ratio if the pinion is the driver
ii. the centre distance, and
iii. if the centre distance is increased by 3mm, find the resulting pressure
angle.
[16]
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(b) Two parallel shafts, connected by a crossed-belt, are provided with pulleys
480mm and 640mm in diameters. The distance between the centre lines of
the shafts in 3m. Find by how much the length of the belt should be changed
if it is desired to alter the direction of rotation of the driven shaft.
[16]
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(b) In the epicyclic gear train shown in figure 8b, a gear C which has teeth cut
internally and externally is free to rotate on an arm driven by shaft S1 . It
meshes externally with the casting D and internally with the pinion B. The
gears have the following number of teeth:
TB = 24, TC = 32 and 40, TD = 48
Find the velocity ratio between
[16]
Figure 8b
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Set No. 4
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Set No. 1
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[8+8]
2. (a) Show that the radiation resistance of a small loop is equal to 320 4(A/2 )
ohms where A is loop area.
(b) What is Folded Dipole ? Find its Radiation Resistance.
[8+8]
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i. broadside array
ii. end fire array of n isotropic elements of spacing distance d between successive elements.
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(b) Describe Binomial array and state its merits and demerits.
[10+6]
4. (a) Explain the difference between traveling and standing wave antennas and give
one example of each type.
[12+4]
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Set No. 1
[8+8]
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Set No. 2
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[4+8+4]
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2. (a) Derive the expressions for electric field in case of short current element and
hence obtain the conditions for the field to be in Franhofer region.
(b) Find the distance from a radiating element with 60Hz current such that radiation and induction fields are equal.
[10+6]
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3. (a) Design a 4 element BSA of /2 spacing between point source element.The side
lobe level is 26 dB to have optimum pattern.
(b) Explain and compare different types of antenna arrays.
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[10+6]
4. (a) Explain how does a Log Periodic Antenna provides a large bandwidth of operation.
[8+8]
[8+8]
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Set No. 3
Radiation Resistance
Effective Area
Effective Length
Efficiency.
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2. (a) State the Reciprocity Theorem for Antennas? Prove that the Self Impedance
of an Antenna in transmitting and receiving mode is same.
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[8+8]
4. (a) Using the principle of pattern multiplications, obtain the resultant pattern of
a long wire antenna and sketch the same.
(b) Mention the advantages of Rhombic Antenna over Single Wire Antenna. [8+8]
5. (a) Derive an expression for the gain of a 900 corner reflector.
(b) Explain the principle and working of Yagi Antenna.
[8+8]
6. (a) Describe the method of measuring the gain and radiation pattern of an antenna.
(b) A standard gain horn antenna with a power gain of 12.5, is used to measure the
gain of a large directional antenna by comparison method. The test antenna
is connected to the receiver and an attenuator adjusted to 23dB in order to
have the same receiver output. Find out the gain of the large antenna. [8+8]
7. (a) Write short notes on Ground wave propagation and effect of earth.
(b) In case of ionosphere,explain D, E & F layers.
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[8+8]
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Set No. 3
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Set No. 4
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2. (a) Explain how loop aerial is used for Direction Finding? Derive the relevant
expression for electric field intensity for loop aerial.
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(b) Derive an expression for radiation resistance of half wave length slot aerial
using babinets principle. Sketch the field pattern.
[8+8]
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i. broadside array
ii. end fire array of n isotropic elements of spacing distance d between successive elements.
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(b) Describe Binomial array and state its merits and demerits.
[10+6]
4. (a) Mention the requirements to design a circularly polarized efficient helical antenna.
(b) Write short notes on Inverted V Antenna.
[8+8]
[16]
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Set No. 4
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Set No. 1
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[16]
[8+8]
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4. Explain about the Resource Allocation Denial with reference to Safe-state and
Unsafe-state.
[16]
5. Explain contiguous memory allocation scheme for memory management. What are
its advantages and disadvantages?
[16]
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7. (a) Compare the bitmap and hole list method of keeping track of free space on a
disk with 800 cylinders, each having 5 tracks of 32 sectors. How many holes it
takes before the hole list would be larger than the bitmap? Assume that the
allocation unit is the sector, and that a hole requires a 32-bit word
(b) Make comparision of three allocation methods.
[8+8]
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[8+8]
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Set No. 2
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Event Object
Mutex Object
Semaphore Object
Waitable timer Object.
[16]
[16]
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(a) compaction
[4+4+4+4]
[8+8]
7. (a) Bitmaps are not often used for main memory allocation. They are commonly
used for disk space allocation. Speculate on why this is so.
(b) Give an example of an application that could benefit from operating system
support for random access to indexed files.
[8+8]
8. (a) What is a capability ticket? Explain with an example.
(b) Explain traffic analysis.
[8+8]
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Set No. 3
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What
What
What
What
is
is
is
is
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[44]
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6. Suppose the head of a moving- head disk with 200 tracks, numbered 0 to 199, is
currently serving a request at track 143 and has just finished a request at track 125.
If the queue of requests is kept in FIFO order: 86, 147, 91, 177, 94, 150, 102, 175,
130. What is the total head movement to satisfy these requests for the following
disk scheduling algorithms.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
FCFS
Random
PRI
SCAN
SSTF
C- SCAN
[16]
[8+8]
[8+8]
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Set No. 4
[16]
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4. What is a deadlock? What are the necessary conditions for a deadlock occurrence?
[16]
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5. (a) Explain forward- mapped page table scheme for structuring the page table.
(b) What is an inverted page table? How is it useful in structuring the page table?
[8+8]
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6. (a) Describe the logical structure of the I/O function for a local peripheral device
that communicate in a simple fashion, such as a stream of bytes.
[8+8]
[8+8]
[16]
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Set No. 1
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[8+4+4]
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3. (a) Describe the basic differences between Film Theory, Penetration Theory and
Film-surface renewal theory.
(b) Write short notes on analogies between heat and mass transfer.
[10+6]
[5+5+6]
[8+8]
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Set No. 1
0.01 0.04 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 0.96 0.99
0.67 0.776 0.852 0.91 0.94 0.962 0.98 0.99 0.991 0.994 0.997 0.999 0.9996
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8. (a) Explain briefly how to estimate minimum reflux ratio using Ponchon-Savarit
method.
(b) Write short notes on optimal reflux ratio.
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[8+8]
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Set No. 2
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(b) Oxygen (A) is diffusing through carbon monoxide (B) under steady state
conditions, with the carbon monoxide non-diffusing and the total pressure
is 1105 N/m2 and the temperature is 0 0 C. The partial pressure of oxygen at
two planes 2 mm apart is, respectively, 13,000 and 6,500 N/m2 . The diffusivity
for the mixtures is 1.87105 m2 /s. Calculate the rate of diffusion of oxygen
in k mol/s through each square meter of two planes.
[6+10]
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3. (a) Describe the basic differences between Film Theory, Penetration Theory and
Film-surface renewal theory.
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(b) Write short notes on analogies between heat and mass transfer.
[10+6]
[16]
6. The molar enthalpies of saturated liquid and vapour mixtures of A and B at 1 atm
total pressure (reference temperature = 5 0 C) may be expressed as HL = 9000 +
1000 x kJ/kmol; HV = 35,000 + 8000 y kJ / kmol. The relative volatility AB =
1.8.
(a) calculate the molar heats of condensation of saturated pure vapours of compounds A and B at 1 atm.
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Set No. 2
(b) we have one kmol of a liquid (x = 0.3, HL = 8500 kJ/kmol), and one kmol
of a vapour ( y=0.5. HV = 40000 kJ/kmol), what is the condition of the
liquid (sub cooled, saturated or super heated) and the condition of the vapour
(saturated or super heated)?
[8+8]
7. (a) Derive the relationship for the intersection of the operating lines corresponding to the rectifying and stripping sections of distillation column for various
thermal conditions of the feed.
(b) Write short notes on condensers and its location.
[10+6]
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Set No. 3
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2. (a) How does the binary gas-phase diffusivity depend upon the total pressure and
temperature? Can you give qualitative explanations?
(b) In a laboratory 3104 m3 of toluene was accidentally spilled over and has
quickly spread over an area of 0.85 m2 . If the diffusion is talking place through
a stagnant air of 1 mm thick, calculate the time required for the toluene to be
evaporate completely at 298 K and 1.013105 N/m2 for toluene, at prevailing
conditions, density = 866 kg/m3 ,diffusivity in air = 8.4106 m2 /sec and
vapor pressure = 3.99966103 N/m2 .
[8+8]
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3. (a) Describe the basic differences between Film Theory, Penetration Theory and
Film-surface renewal theory.
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(b) Write short notes on analogies between heat and mass transfer.
[10+6]
4. Describe the diffusion between phases and show how the equilibrium distribution
curve varies as a function of temperature and pressure taking a system of liquid
water and gaseous mixture ammonia and air.
[16]
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Set No. 3
8. (a) How is the Murphree vapor efficiency defined for a tray in a distillation column?
(b) What is the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous azeotropic
distillation?
(c) What is the most common sequence for the use of heterogeneous azeotropic
distillation?
(d) For what conditions should the Fenske equation be used with caution?[4+4+4+4]
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Set No. 4
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[16]
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Set No. 4
[16]
6. (a) A given mixture of n-pentane and n-octane is heated and flashed when one
mole liquid having a mole fraction x= 0.15 of n-pentane and two moles of
vapour are generated. At the temperature of the flash drum, the relative
volatility of n-octane with respect to n-pentane is 0.216. The solution is ideal.
Calculate the composition of the original mixture.
(b) What are the important factors that determine the selection of a batch distillation column for the separation of a liquid mixture?
(c) Explain P-x-y diagram.
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8. Discuss the principles of extractive and azeotropic distillation and their relative
scope. Indicate the flow diagram for typical industrial applications of either type.
What is the basis for selection of separating agents used?
[16]
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Set No. 1
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Figure 1
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2. (a) Explain clearly the difference between statically determinate and statically
indeterminate structure and how is order of redundancy determined?
(b) A 6 m long beam of I-section is fixed at both ends and is subjected to a u.d.l.,
which produces a maximum stress of 100 M Pa in it. Determine the value of
u.d.l. The depth of the beam section is 440 mm and value of I is 4104 m4 .
[6+10]
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Set No. 1
Figure 6
7. A mass is suspended from a spring system as shown in figure 7 Determine the
natural frequency of the system. Take k1 = 5000N/m, k2 = k3 = 8000 N/m, m =
25 kg.
[16]
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Figure 7
8. Figure 8 shows a 3-DOF system. Determine the stiffness matrix and write the
equation of motion.
[16]
Figure 8
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Set No. 2
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Figure 2
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Figure 3
4. Find the safe axial load on a steel section of 8 m height having one end fixed and
the other hinged which is built up of two 250 mm 100 mm standard channels
placed 10 cm apart back to back with two 300 mm 10 mm plates riveted to each
flange. For individual channel section, IXX = 3687.9 cm4 ; IY Y = 298.4 cm4 ; A =
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Set No. 2
35.65 cm2 ; distance of C.G. from base = 2.70 cm. Adopt factor of safety = 4. Use
Rankines formula.
[16]
5. The coupling rod of a locomotive 2.5 m long is 4 cm broad and 10 cm deep and
of rectangular section. The maximum direct thrust in the rod is 150 kN applied
axially. Self weight etc. give the rod a uniform lateral load of 4500 N/m length.
Find the maximum bending moment and fibre stress at the centre. E= 210 G Pa.
[16]
6. (a) State the first Castiglianos theorem and derive the appropriate expression
which represents the theorm.
(b) Prove the Castiglanos first theorem by using concept of strain energy and
complementary energy of a member subjected to simple tension.
[6+10]
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Figure 7
8. (a) Name the two methods based on matrix method which are used for structural
analysis and explain them briefly.
(b) Determine the stiffness matrix for the system shown in figure 8b
Figure 8b
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Set No. 3
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3. A horizontal cantilever 3 m long is of rectangular cross-section 60 mm wide throughout its length, and depth varying uniformly from 60 mm at the free end to 180 mm
at the fixed end. A load of 4 kN acts at the free end as shown in figure 3. Find
the position of the highest stressed section and the value of the maximum bending
stress induced. Neglect weight of the cantilever itself.
[16]
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Figure 3
4. A bar of rectangular section 40 mm 50 mm and hinged at both ends is subjected
to axial compressive force. For the material of the bar , E = 200 G Pa and limit
of proportionality 250 M Pa. Calculate the minimum length of the bar for which
Eulers theory may be used.
[16]
5. A horizontal strut 3 m long, pin-jointed at its ends is of rectangular cross-section
4 cm 6 cm. It carries an axial load of 10 kN in compression together with a
concentrated load of 12 kN at the mid span. Determine the maximum stress in the
strut. E= 200 G Pa.
[16]
6. Compare the strain energy of a beam, simply supported at its ends and loaded with
U.D.L., with that of the same beam centrally loaded and having the same value of
maximum bending stress.
[16]
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Set No. 3
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Figure 7
8. (a) Name the two methods based on matrix method which are used for structural
analysis and explain them briefly.
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(b) Determine the stiffness matrix for the system shown in figure 8b
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Figure 8b
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Set No. 4
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6. For a cantilever of length L and loaded with a point load P at its free end as shown
in figure 6, the deflection equation (with x=0 at the free end) is given as
y = -(P/6EI)(2L3 - 3L2 x+ x3 ). Use the Maxwell reciprocal theorm to determine
the deflection of free end of the cantilever when a load W is applied at a distance
a from the free end.
[16]
Figure 6
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Set No. 4
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Figure 7
8. Determine the stiffness matrix for the uniform cantilever beam as shown in figure
8.
[16]
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Figure 8
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