JenniferDunham

FinalProject
CST337,CSUMBSummer2016

CreateMIPSSingleCycleDatapathsfor3PseudoInstructions

Formyfinalproject,Icreateddatapathsfor3MIPSpseudoinstructions,MOVE,BLT,and
SGE.
MOVE($d,$s)
TheMOVEinstructionmovesdatafromregister$storegister$d.IimplementedMOVE
asanItypeinstruction.ThiscommandbehavessimilarlytotheRtypeinstructionADD($d,$s,
$zero),where$sand$zeroarethesourceregisters,and$disthedestinationregister.
TheuniqueOpCode101111waschosen.The32bitinstructionforMOVEisinthe
followingformat:
OpCode
101111

$s
XXXXX

$d
XXXXX

immediate
0000000000000000

AlthoughMOVEisimplementedasanItypeinstruction,theControlsettingsfrom
OpCode10111areidenticaltotheControlsettingsthatoriginatefromanRtypeinstruction.
ThereasonisthatthedatapathIcreatedwillactuallybehavelikeADD($d,$s,$zero),anditis
importantforRegDsttobesetto1.TheALUControlissetto0010(add).
Tofacilitatethisflow,Iimplementedtwomultiplexerstoswapthevaluesoftheread
register2andthewriteregisteronlyintheeventthattheOpCodeistheMOVEOpCode.An
ANDgateisusedtodetermineiftheinstructionistheMOVEinstruction.Ifso,thevalue
headedtothereadregister2andthewriteregisterareswapped.Ifnot,theycontinue,
unhindered.AlthoughintheItypeformat,register$zeroisnotspecificallyindicated
anywhere,withtheimmediatedigits[150]settoallzeros,thedatapathisabletointerpret
digits[1511]asregister$zero.
Thiscompletesthecircuit,ensuringthatthevalueinregister$siswrittentoregister$d,
whilenotinterferingwiththelogicbehindanyexistinginstructions.

JenniferDunham
FinalProject
CST337,CSUMBSummer2016

CreateMIPSSingleCycleDatapathsfor3PseudoInstructions

JenniferDunham
FinalProject
CST337,CSUMBSummer2016

CreateMIPSSingleCycleDatapathsfor3PseudoInstructions

BLT($s,$t,offset)
TheBLTinstructionbranchestoaspecifiedaddressifthevalueinregister$sislessthan
thevalueinregister$t.ThiscommandbehavessimilarlytotheBEQinstruction,thoughinstead
ofbranchingwhentwovaluesareequal,itbranchesonlywhenthevalueofregister$sisless
thanthevalueofregister$t.
TheuniqueOpCode001111waschosen.The32bitinstructionforBLTisinthe
followingformat:
OpCode
001111

$s
XXXXX

$t
XXXXX

offset
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Thecontrolsettingsensurethatthedatapathflowsthroughproperly,withRegDst,
Jump,MemRead,MemWrite,ALUSrc,andRegWritesetto0.MemtoRegisalsosetto0,
thoughitsvaluedoesnotimpactthisdatapath.Branchissetto1,andthisiscritical.ALUOpis
setto01,andtheALUControlissetto0110(subtract).
Toimplementthisflow,IimplementedonemultiplexerandanANDgate.TheANDgate
checkstoseewhethertheOpCodecorrespondstomyBLTinstruction.Ifitdoes,thenittells
themultiplexertopassonthevalueofthedigit[31]inthesubtractionresultintotheexisting
BranchANDgate.Therefore,iftheOpCodeANDgateis1,andthemostsignificantdigitinthe
resultis1,indicatingtheresultisnegative,thecodewillbranchtothespecifiedaddress.Ifthe
OpCodeANDgateis1,butthemostsignificantdigitintheresultis0,thenhecodewillnot
branch(wedonotwantthiscodetobranchif$sisgreaterthan$torifthevaluesareequal).
However,iftheOpCodeANDgateisnot1,thenthedatapathwillallowthevalueofthezero
flagtopassthroughasoriginallydesigned.Thus,theaddedBLTdatapathdoesnotinterfere
withthelogicbehindanyexistinginstructions.

JenniferDunham
FinalProject
CST337,CSUMBSummer2016

CreateMIPSSingleCycleDatapathsfor3PseudoInstructions

JenniferDunham
FinalProject
CST337,CSUMBSummer2016

CreateMIPSSingleCycleDatapathsfor3PseudoInstructions

SGE($d,$s,$t)
TheSGEinstructionsetsthevalueofthedestinationregistertothevalueinregister$sif
itisgreaterthanorequaltothevalueinregister$t,anditsetsthevalueofthedestination
registerto0,otherwise.
Theuniquefunctioncode110000waschosen.The32bitinstructionforSGEisinthe
followingformat:
OpCode
000000

$s
XXXXX

$t
XXXXX

$d
XXXXX

shamt
00000

Function
110000

AsanRtypeinstructionwithanOpCodeof000000,mySGEinstructiondoesnotmake
anychangestotheControlvalues.Thecontrolvaluesareindicatedonmydiagram,andthese
areconsistentwithallRtypeinstructions.TheALUcontrolissetto0110(subtract),inorderto
comparethevaluesinthetworegisters,$sand$t.
Mydiagrammakestwokeydecisions.Thefirst,andthemostimportantinensuringthat
theaddedlogicwillneverinterferewithexistinginstructions,istocheckforwhetherthe
instructionprovidedtotheCPUistheSGEinstructionbycheckingthefunctioncode
(instructions50)toseeiftheyare110000.Tobeextrasafe,sinceanItypecommandmay
coincidentallyhavethesesamelast6digitsinitspositions50,Ialsocheckedtoensurethat
theOpCodewas000000.Ifbothofthesearetrue,thenweknowthattheinstructionistheSGE
instruction,andthevaluewrittentotheregisterisgoingeitherbethevalueinthe$sregisteror
thevalueof0.However,ifthisisfalse,thentheresultoftheALUwillcontinuetothewrite
register($d),unhindered.Thisisdoneviaamultiplexersettofeedtheexistingvaluethroughif
thetestreturnsa0(thereforenottheSGEinstruction),ortouseavaluespecifictotheSGE
instructionifthevalueis1.
TheotherkeydecisionusesthecomparisoninthesubtractionfromtheALU.Ifthe
instructionistheSGEinstruction,thenthevaluewrittento$disdependentontheresultsof
thesubtractionof$tfrom$s.Ifthemostsignificantdigitintheresult(inposition[31])is0,
thentheresultiseitherpositiveor0,sothefirstvalueiswrittentotheregister.Ifthedigitin

JenniferDunham
FinalProject
CST337,CSUMBSummer2016

CreateMIPSSingleCycleDatapathsfor3PseudoInstructions

position[31]is1,thenitindicatesthattheresultisnegative;thus,thesecondvalueisgreater,
and0iswrittentoregister$d.Thisisdonebyanothermultiplexer,withthevalueofthedigitin
position[31]determiningwhichvaluetowritebasedonwhetheritis0or1.
Thiscompletesthecircuit,ensuringthateitherthevalueof$sor0iswrittentoregister
$d,dependingontheoutcomeofthesubtraction,whilenotinterferingwiththelogicbehind
anyexistinginstructions.

JenniferDunham
FinalProject
CST337,CSUMBSummer2016

CreateMIPSSingleCycleDatapathsfor3PseudoInstructions