Garbage Management System

Pooja Harne
Vidya Kokate
Rupali Roy
Prof. Rupali Gonsalves
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication,
Sardar Patel Institute of Technology,
Andheri,Mumbai-400058

AbstractWith increase in population, the scenario of cleanliness with respect to garbage management is degrading tremendously. The overflow of garbage in public areas creates unhygienic condition in the surroundings. It may spread several
serious diseases amongst the people living nearby. It also degrades
the valuation of the area. To avoid this and to enhance the
cleaning, Garbage Management System is proposed in this paper.
This paper presents a system to identify a garbage full condition
which will be decided by sensors (weight and level) in a timely
manner and to alert the control room about the same. The role
of control room is to find current status of vehicle and to send
the SMS to the driver along with garbage containers position.
The Driver would then go to specified location and collect the
garbage. With the help of system we can provide solution to the
current issues in Garbage Management System.
Keywords: Sensors,garbage management,control room

I. INTRODUCTION
Garbage management is a major challenge in urban areas
throughout the world. The urbanization, industrialization and
an increase in economic status and activities have increased the
quantity of garbage and altered its contents. These problems
are due to lack of technical expertise, financial constraints
and legal provisions. Technological advancements, environmental regulations and emphasis on resource conservation
and recovery have greatly reduced the environmental impacts
of municipal solid waste (MSW) management. The garbage
management involves , management at waste generation level,
storage at the source of generation, primary collection, street
cleansing, temporary storage at locality level, regular and
periodic transportation of this temporarily collected waste to
disposing sites and treatment plants.
Without an effective and efficient garbage management,
the garbage generated from various human activities, both
industrial and domestic, can result in health hazards and
have a negative impact on the environment. Understanding
the garbage generated, the availability of resources and the
environmental condition of society are important in developing
an appropriate garbage-management system. [1] The objective
of the proposed system is to achieve the following:
To improve existing garbage management system with
the help of sensors and embedded system.
To reduce unwanted overflow of trash.
To facilitate timely removal of trash.
To increase efficiency in the emptying process of containers in terms of logistical cost and customer satisfaction.
The block representation of proposed Garbage management
system is shown in the following figure

Fig. 1: Block diagram of system

II. PRESENT GARBAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
In urban areas the waste generation rate is about 760,000
tons on daily basis and is anticipated to rise about 1.8 million
tons per day by the year 2025. Government of India have
struggled for years to find a way to manage the countrys ever
increasing amount of trash. According to the survey carried
out in 1994 the garbage produced in Mumbai is 5800 tons
per day. Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM)
operates a huge fleet of 983 Municipal and Private Vehicles
for collection of waste making 1396 number of trips each day.
Solid Waste Management (SWM) expenditure outlay in the
year 2007-08 is Rs.10479.3 Million. But still there is overflow
of garbage in many areas. [2]

Fig. 2: Statistics of muncipal waste generated in different

cities [3]
In actual practice the waste management is given the last
priority and the duties are either not performed or poorly performed. Consequently the city has to face numerable problems
related to environment and sanitation. The concurrent effects
of a fast national growth rate of a large and dense residential

area and a pressing demand for urban environmental protection

create a challenging framework for garbage management. [4]
Problems faced by Present Garbage Management System:
Garbage collection is on weekly basis, no alarm system
on garbage full condition resulting in waste spill over on
streets.
The scientific and systematic storage of waste at source
is not in practice.
Extremely inefficient garbage management using old and
obsolete system, technology for storage collection processing,treatment and disposal.
III. SYSTEM METHODOLOGY

It includes a code editor that supports syntax highlighting

and code completion using IntelliSense (the code completion component) for variables, functions, methods, loops
and LINQ queries.
Visual Studio includes a debugger that works both as a
source-level debugger and as a machine-level debugger.
Visual Studio features background compilation (also
called incremental compilation). As code is being written,
Visual Studio compiles it in the background in order to
provide feedback about syntax and compilation errors,
which are flagged with a red wavy underline. [5]
The forms made in Visual Studio is shown in Fig. 3 which
is used as graphical user interface at control room.

Fig. 4: Form 1- Introduction Page

V. IMPLEMENTATION
Fig. 3: System appearance
In the proposed system shown in Fig. 3, the communication
between garbage container and control room takes place
through zigbee module. Each container is assigned a unique
identification number. The transmitter module is present at the
bottom side of each container which consists of transmitter
zigbee, PIC microcontroller, weight and level sensors. The
control room is equipped with receiver zigbee which will
collect data from transmitter zigbee module depending on
status of weight and level sensors. Then, database which is
at the control room gets updated as which container is full or
emptied.As soon as the garbage container gets full, a meesage
is sent to the truck driver using GSM module.
IV. SOFTWARE USED
The issue with the text editor and command-line compiler is
that we loose a lot of productivity through manual processes.
So, we used Visual Studio Professional 2010 software for
making graphical user interface. Some of the features of the
software are listed below:
Visual Studio is an integrated development environment
(IDE) from Microsoft. It can be used to develop console
and graphical user interface applications along with Windows Forms applications, web sites,web applications for
all platforms supported by Microsoft Windows, Windows
Phone, .NET Framework.

Fig. 5: Process Flow

1. Transmitter section
Transmitter section of the system mainly consists of following components:
1) Level and weight sensors
2) PIC microcontoller
3) Transmitter zigbee

to transmitter zigbee from pin numbers RC6/TX and RC7/Rx

respectively.
2. Control room
The data transmitted by transmitter zibgee will be received
by master zigbee (wireless Communication) which is at the
control room. At the control room, user interface is provided
and different forms have been made using visual studio 2010
software. Database is connected using SQL server in visual
studio 2010. As soon as data is received by master zigbee it
will be updated in database automatically.
Fig. 6(a): Transmitter section hardware

Database consists of different records which will give date,

time, garbage container ID, Driver ID, Status of container.
Each garbage container is assigned a corresponding driver. As
soon as particular garbage container becomes full a message
will be sent to corresponding driver through GSM modem [6].
Then, driver will go to specified location, collects the garbage,
replaces the earlier container with empty one. As soon as
that garbage container becomes empty it will be updated in
database accordingly.

Fig. 6(b): Receiver section hardware

A. Level and weight sensors
Cantilever mechanism is used for checking the weight
condition of garbage container and IR sensors are used as
level sensors as shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 7: IR Sensor (Level Sensor)

We are using IR sensor in High level mode i.e. if there is no
obstacle then the output will be LOW (0V) and detecting an
obstacle will change the output to HIGH (5V) Level.
B. PIC microconroller:
PIC microcontroller (PIC18F4520 IC) is programmed using
MPLAB software. Once the container is full as detected by
any of the sensors (weight or level) it will send the data
to PIC microcontroller on pins RD0/PSP0 and RD1/PSP1
respectively.
C. Transmitter zigbee:
Zigbee is one of the global standards of communication
protocol formulated by the significant task force under the
IEEE 802.15 working group.Zigbee is typically used in low
data rate applications that require long battery life and secure
networking. Data received by PIC microcontroller will be sent

Fig. 8: Flowchart of program of forms in visual studio

VI. EXPERIMENTAL RESULT

In this project a prototype of garbage container has been
made.Cantilever mechanism is used to check the weight of
container.IR sensor is placed on container to detect level of
garbage. Transmitter board is kept beside container.There are
two conditions, first is to check whether garbage container
weight is exceeding the threshold weight and second condition
is to check whether garbage in container has exceeded the
maximum threshold level.According to these conditions signal
is send from transmitter zigbee to receiver zigbee.When either
of the condition becomes true, the dustbin colour on GUI made
using Visual Studio 2010 form changes from beige to blue.As
soon as the colour changes a message is sent to respective
driver through GSM Modem.The GUI interface at that moment
appears as shown in Fig. 9.

collection system we can use dynamic garbage management

system proposed in this paper which would ultimately result
in a cleaner environment and development of country.
VIII. FUTURE SCOPE
We can implement the system with automatic trash compactor that manages the waste to compact level. Once compactor senses that garbage container is full, it will automatically compact trash as needed to avoid overflow. System can
be made more economical and eco-friendly with the help of
solar panels.
IX. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors would like to thank Prof. Rupali Gonsalves
for her constant support and guidance. We thank our expert
Prof. Anand Mane and Prof. Sukanya Kulkarni for helping
us in making project more effective and real time. We thank
Sardar Patel Institute of Technology for providing required
infrastructure.
R EFERENCES

Fig. 9: GUI interface when garbage container is full

When the garbage container becomes empty, the colour of
the container in graphical user interface changes from blue
to beige and it is updated in database.The database includes
the dustbin id,date and time,driver id and status of dustbin
whether it is full or empty. The GUI interface after database
update appears as shown in Fig. 10.

Fig. 10: GUI interface of updated Database

VII. CONCLUSION
This paper shows the implementation of advanced garbage
management system using IR sensors,microcontroller,zigbee
and GSM module.This system assures cleaning of dustbin
soon when the garbage level reaches its maximum level or the
condition for the weight is met. This system helps to monitor
fake report and hence can reduce corruption in overall management system.Thus,instead of using manual static garbage

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Kumar
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[3] For Clean India to work, country needs to solve its waste disposal problem http://scroll.in/article/682335/for-clean-india-to-workcountry-needs-to-solve-its-waste-disposal-problem
[4] Problems of Solid Waste Management in Indian Cities
http://www.ijsrp.org/research-paper-0313/ijsrp-p15129.pdf
[5] Microsoft Visual Studiohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft-VisualStudio/
[6] Send and read SMS through a GSM Modem using AT Commands
http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/38705/Send-and-Read-SMSthrough-a-GSM-Modem-using-AT-Com/