Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
qxd
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Page 91
ANSWERS
2. 9 cm
3. SN
5. NS
6. PQ
7. SP
17.
Q
C
3.2 cm
M
2.0 cm
1.5 cm
A
2. c
3. e
4. i
5. f
6. b
7. h
8. a
1.5 cm
1. d
9. g
11.
9. E(14, 15)
4. endpoint
KL
, NM
LM
, NO
LO
8. KN
10.
11.
12.
2
D
3 cm
, AC
, AD
, AE
, AF
,
12. AB
,
BE , BF , CD , CE , CF
EF (15 lines)
3 cm
, BD
,
BC
,
DE , DF
3
D
13.
B
C
2. bisector
3. side
4. 126
5. DAE
6. 133
7. 47
8. 63
9. 70
10.
Number of
sides
Number of
diagonals
1. Triangle
2. Quadrilateral
3. Pentagon
160
4. Hexagon
5. Heptagon
14
6. Octagon
20
7. Decagon
10
35
8. Dodecagon
12
54
15
11.
12.
90
I
13. 90
16.
14. 120
15. 75
Polygon
name
9.
Q
D
P
A
10.
N
A
T
A
ANSWERS
91
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Page 92
, AD
, AE
11. AC
and BC
12. Possible answer: AB
6.
16. 7.2
17. 61
18. 16.1
BI
2. EF
FH
3. CG
9.
7. ACFD
8. EFHG
11. D(0, 3)
12. E(0, 5)
9. BFJD
10. BFHD
13. G(16, 3)
2. 132
3. 228
5.
4. 312
6.
S
A
ab
C
L
8.
19. 6.2 cm
6.
ab
8.
40
D
C
11. D(4, 3)
12. G(10, 2)
2.
10.
A
R
E
3.
180
4.
R
M
R
T
50
290
H
O
5.
E
T
K
I
92
ANSWERS
DG4PSA_894_ans.qxd
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Page 93
11. Kite
4. Possible answers:
a.
b.
c.
B
Q
A
2.
1. 20, 24
1 1
2. 122, 64
5
3. 4, 2
4. 1, 1
5. 72, 60
6. 243, 729
7. 91, 140
3. Rectangular prism
4. Pentagonal prism
8.
9.
5.
6.
10.
(3, 1)
8. x 2, y 1
7. 18 cubes
x
(1, 3)
1 2 1
11. False; 2 4
12. False; 11 10 110, 11
Possible locations
Gas
5
10 m
12 m
1
1
4
3.
6.
Triangles
Acute triangles
2. Linear
3. Not linear
4. Linear
5.
D E C A F
12 132
13. True
Power
f (n)
5
16
23
g(n)
10
18
26
34
42
Scalene triangles
ANSWERS
93
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Page 94
10.
n
Number
of triangles
1 2 3
...
. . . 50
1
1 5 9 13 17 . . . 4n 3 . . . 197
1 2
Area
of figure
1 4 16
64
...
...
50
4n1
...
449
7 3
9
1 6
11.
7
5
256 . . .
3
e
10
5
6 teams, 7 games
5 teams, 10 games
a
b
1
f
1.
4
5
2
c
d
6 teams, 6 games
a. 240
b. 1350
c. f(n) 2n(n 2), or f(n) 2n2 4n
2.
HHH
H
T
H
H
T
T
H
H
T
T
H
T
T
HHT
HTH
HTT
THH
3. a, e, f; inductive
4. Deductive
a. 4x 3(2 x) 8 2x
TTH
4x 6 3x 8 2x
x 6 8 2x
TTT
ANSWERS
THT
a. 8 sequences
94
3x 6 8
3x 2
2
x 3
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19 2(3x 1)
b. 5 x 2 The original equation.
19 2(3x 1) 5(x 2) Multiplication property
of equality.
P
Q
R
19 6x 2 5x 10 Distributive property.
S
A
equality.
11 11x
1x
Subtraction property of
equality.
B
2. XY 3PQ 2RS
X
Division property of
equality.
3. Possible answer:
128 35 93
4.
B
2. a 127
3. a 35, b 40, c 35, d 70
5.
6.
B
D
D
6. a 70, b 55, c 25
7. Sometimes
8. Always
10. Sometimes
11. acute
12. 158
13. 90
14. obtuse
15. converse
9. Never
2. Square
4. 1 2
6. cannot be determined
ANSWERS
95
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Page 96
5
3. XY 4AB
M
B
A
3. True
A
M
B
6.
7.
C
R
P Q
P
Q
B
A
A
8.
B
6. BD AD CD
C
9. WX YZ
A
7. a. A and B
b. A, B, and C
c. A and B and from C and D (but not from
B and C)
d. A and B and from D and E
96
ANSWERS
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Page 97
5.
1 and 2
1, 2, and 3
2, 3, and 4
1 and 2 and from 3 and 4
6. Possible answer:
3. x 20, mABE 50
4.
Z
1. Possible answer:
E
T
6.
2. Possible answer:
Perimeter
7. RN GN and RO HO
H
O
M
N
2.
3.
4.
A R
m
P
ANSWERS
97
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Page 98
3. Possible answers:
T
R
T
1. Circumcenter
3.
R
4. Possible answer:
T
U
E
B
O
S
5. Possible answer:
B
A
C
6. Possible answer:
S1
S1
S2
S2
7. Possible answer:
S1
S1
5. Possible answer: In an acute triangle, the circumcenter is inside the triangle. In a right triangle, it
is on the hypotenuse. In an obtuse triangle, the
circumcenter is outside the triangle. (Constructions
not shown.)
90 B
B
8.
S2
S1
S3
98
ANSWERS
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Page 99
1.
2. mG 45
3. x 125
4. mA 39, perimeter of ABC 46 cm
5. LM 163 m, mM 50
6. mQ 44, QR 125
2.
8. x 21, y 16
3. CP 3.3 cm, CQ 5.7 cm, CR 4.8 cm
R
9. mQPR 15
6 cm
1. Yes
2. No
5. PC 16, CL 8, QM 15, CR 14
Incenter
Circumcenter
Orthocenter
Centroid
9 km
28 km
4. (3, 4)
6. a.
c.
e.
g.
17 km
8 cm
b. Centroid
d. Circumcenter
f. Incenter
3. 19 x 53
4. b a c
5. b c a
6. a c d b
7. x 76
8. x 79
3. a 78, b 29
5. x 31, y 64
12.
7. s 28
9. mP a
2. x 82, y 81
6. y 145
1
8. m 722
10. mQPT 135
11. 720
12. The sum of the measures of A and B is 90
because mC is 90 and all three angles must be
180. So, A and B are complementary.
13. mBEA mCED because they are vertical
angles. Because the measures of all three angles in
each triangle add to 180, if equal measures are
subtracted from each, what remains will be equal.
2. SSS
4. BQM (SAS)
5. TIE (SSS)
3. SSS
ANSWERS
99
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A
Z
P
B
7. TNO (SAS)
8. Cannot be determined, as shown by the figure.
Q
U
R
T
S
9. DOG (SAS)
10. Only one triangle because of SSS.
T
U
, AIA Conjecture
WX
3. WZ
, AIA Conjecture
XY
4. ASA
5. CPCTC
ZX
by CPCTC.
6. YWM ZXM by SAS. YW
BD
by CPCTC.
7. ACD BCD by SAS. AD
A
B
2. YZ
CF
(see Exercise 8).
9. Possible answer: DE
DEF CFE because both are right angles,
FE
because they are the same segment. So,
EF
FD
by CPCTC.
DEF CFE by SAS. EC
4. PRS (ASA)
5. NRA (SAA)
100
ANSWERS
2. mACD 36
3. mB 52, CB 13
4. mE 60
5. AN 17
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3. 170; 36 sides
4. 15 sides
8. Flowchart Proof
5. x 105
6. x 18
7. mE 150
CD is a median
Given
C
110
AC BC
AD BD
CD CD
Given
Definition of
median
Same segment
70 D
125
85
150
E
ADC BDC
SSS Conjecture
ACD BCD
1. 12 sides
2. 24 sides
CPCTC
5. a 64, b 13823
3. 4 sides
4. 6 sides
6. a 102, b 9
CD bisects
ACB
Definition of
bisect
9.
1.
PQ SR
Given
PQ SR
PQS RSQ
PQS RSQ
SP QR
Given
AIA Conjecture
SAS Conjecture
CPCTC
QS QS
Same segment
2.
KE KI
Given
ETK ITK
KITE is a kite
TE TI
KET KIT
CPCTC
KT bisects EKI
and ETI
Given
Definition of
kite
SSS Conjecture
EKT IKT
Definition of
bisect
CPCTC
KT KT
Same segment
3.
ABD CDB
ABCD is a parallelogram
AB CD
AIA Conjecture
Definition of
parallelogram
BD DB
BDA DBC
A C
Same segment
ASA Conjecture
CPCTC
Given
AD CB
Definition of
parallelogram
ADB CBD
AIA Conjecture
ANSWERS
101
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Page 102
1. x 30
2. x 124, y 56
3. x 64, y 43
4. x 12, y 49
5. PS 33
6. a 11
7.
8.
OC _1 AC
2
MN _1 AC
2
Definition of
midpoint
Midsegment
Conjecture
OC MN
9. Possible answer:
PT
with E on TR
.
Paragraph proof: Draw AE
TEAP is a parallelogram. T AER because
they are corresponding angles of parallel lines.
T R because it is given, so AER R,
because both are congruent to T. Therefore,
AER is isosceles by the Converse of the Isosceles
EA
because they are
Triangle Conjecture. TP
EA
opposite sides of a parallelogram and AR
RA
because AER is isosceles. Therefore, TP
.
because both are congruent to EA
Both congruent to _1 AC
2
MB _1 AB
2
ON _1 AB
2
Definition of
midpoint
Midsegment
Conjecture
ON MB
Both congruent to _1 AB
2
CON A
NMB A
CA Conjecture
CA Conjecture
CON NMB
1. a 89, b 54, c 91
Both congruent to A
2. x 21, y 7, z 32
ONC MBN
SAS Conjecture
FG
by
8. Paragraph proof: Looking at FGR, HI
the Triangle Midsegment Conjecture. Looking at
PQ
for the same reason. Because
PQR, FG
PQ
, quadrilateral FGQP is a trapezoid and
FG
is the midsegment, so it is parallel to FG
DE
. Therefore, HI
FG
DE
PQ
.
and PQ
102
ANSWERS
ADC BDC
ADC BDC
AD BD
CD is a median
SAA Conjecture
CPCTC
Definition of
median
AC BC
A B
Given
Converse of IT
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Page 103
4. c, d, f, g
5. d, e, g
1. Perimeter ABCD 82 cm
6. f, g
7. h
2. AC 22, BD 14
8. c, d, f, g
9. c, d, f, g
3. AB 16, BC 7
10. d, g
11. d, g
4. a 51, b 48, c 70
12. None
13. Parallelogram
5. AB 35.5
14.
6. a 41, b 86, c 53
7. AD 75
8.
F2
Resultant
vector
F1
F2
F1
10. No
AB CB
D
Given
C
A
B
AD CD
ABD CBD
A C
Given
SSS Conjecture
CPCTC
DB DB
Same segment
3. Flowchart Proof
AO CO
Diagonals of parallelogram
bisect each other
AB CB CD AD
BO DO
Definition of rhombus
Diagonals of a parallelogram
bisect each other
3. OB 6, BC 11, mAOD 90
AR CR
DC AB
AP CQ
APR CQR
CPCTC
AC and QP
bisect each other
Given
Given
ASA Conjecture
PR QR
Definition of bisect
PAR QCR
CPCTC
AIA Conjecture
ANSWERS
103
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Page 104
3. z 45
4. Flowchart Proof
AD BC
Definition of parallelogram
DAX BCY
AIA Conjecture
AD CB
AXD CYB
Opposite sides of
parallelogram
Both are 90
AXD CYB
SAA Conjecture
DX BY
CPCTC
9. P(0,1), M(4, 2)
49, mABC
253, mBAC
156,
10. mAB
mACB 311
11. Possible answer: Fold and crease to match the
endpoints of the arc. The crease is the perpendicular
bisector of the chord connecting the endpoints. Fold
and crease so that one endpoint falls on any other
point on the arc. The crease is the perpendicular
bisector of the chord between the two matching
points. The center is the intersection of the two
creases.
Center
A
T
P
ANSWERS
7.
104
ON
because
7. Kite. Possible explanation: OM
congruent chords AB and AC are the same distance
AN
because they are halves
from the center. AM
of congruent chords. So, AMON has two pairs of
adjacent congruent sides and is a kite.
5. x 140
72, mC 36, mCB
108
6. mA 90, mAB
140, mD 30, mAB
60,
7. mAD
mDAB 200
8. p 128, q 87, r 58, s 87
9. a 50, b 50, c 80, d 50, e 130,
f 90, g 50, h 50, j 90, k 40,
m 80, n 50
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Page 105
4. Flowchart Proof
, OB
, OC
, and OD
.
Construct radii AO
1. Flowchart Proof
AB
CD
XC XA
XA XD
Tangent Segments
Conjecture
Tangent Segments
Conjecture
Given
AOB COD
XC XD
Definition of arc
measure
Transitivity
bisects CD at X
AB
Definition of segment
bisector
AO CO
BO DO
AOB COD
SAS Conjecture
AB CD
3 2
CPCTC
D
B
E
Paragraph Proof
AD
, so 2 1 by the CA
It is given that OE
and OD
are radii, they are
Conjecture. Because OA
congruent, so AOD is isosceles. Therefore
4 1 by the IT Conjecture. Both 2 and
4 are congruent to 1, so 2 4. By the AIA
Conjecture, 4 3, so 2 3. The measure
of an arc equals the measure of its central angle, so
because their central angles are congruent,
BE
.
DE
2. r 12.5 cm
3. C 60 cm
4. d 24 cm
5. C 30.2 cm
6. d 42.0 cm, r 21.0 cm
7. C 37.7 in.
8. Yes; about 2.0 in.
5 in.
3. Flowchart Proof
PX RX
XQ XS
Tangent Segments
Conjecture
Tangent Segments
Conjecture
2 in.
PX XQ RX XS
Addition Property of
Equality
PX XQ PQ
RX XS RS
Segment addition
Segment addition
PQ RS
9. C 75.4 cm
10. Press the square against the tree as shown. Measure
the tangent segment on the square. The tangent
segment is the same length as the radius. Use
C 2r to find the circumference.
Transitivity
PQ RS
Tree
Definition of
congruent segments
11. 4 cm
ANSWERS
105
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Page 106
3.
T
A
under 2 mi/s)
4. 6.05 cm or 9.23 cm
(2
N
T P
1.4957 1011103)
5. Sitting speed
(364.25 24)
107,500 km/h
E
N
E
E
C
1. 4
2. 4
35
4. 9
3. 30
80
5. 9
100
7. 9
25
6. 6.25 or 4
8. 31.5
9. 22
10. 396
150
2. m
DC 70, mED
A
B
3. m
DC 114, mDEC 66
210
4. mBCE 75, mBAC
8. x 28, y 34.5
I
R R
2.
R
A
L
106
P
ANSWERS
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10:37 AM
Page 107
(2, 3)
(5, 1)
x
(2, 1)
(2, 1)
(5, 1)
(2, 3)
2. Rotation 45 counterclockwise
3. Translation by 16, 0
2. Translation
5. Translation by 16, 0
(2, 6)
(2, 4)
(1, 2)
(2, 2)
P
R
3. Reflection
P
y
O
(4, 5)
(0, 5)
P
x
(2, 2)
(6, 2)
(0, 2) (4, 2)
4.
S
Fence
1 cm
F
P
5.
Fence 1
DG4PSA_894_ans.qxd
S
11.
S
F
Fence 2
S
ANSWERS
107
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Page 108
4. Sample answer:
2. n 20
3. 110 cm2
4. 81 cm2
5. 61 m
6. No. Possible answer:
2.5 cm
40
34 cm
5. 3.42.63.6.3.6
6.
5 cm
40
17 cm
7. 88 units2
8. 72 units2
1. 16 ft
3. b 12 in.
5. 40
2. Sample answer:
cm2
4. AD 4.8 cm
6. 88
cm2
7. 54 units2
8. 135 cm 2
b. 40 bundles; $1596.00
2. 500 L
3. Possible answer:
2
2
3. Sample answer:
2
8
3
5
2
2
3
2
5
108
ANSWERS
DG4PSA_894_ans.qxd
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Page 109
3. p 43.6 cm
4. n 10
7. r 10 cm
8. x 135
9. r 7 cm
2. a 7.8 cm
cm2
cm2
1. 136 cm2
2. 240 cm2
3. 558.1 cm2
4. 796.4 cm2
5. 255.6 cm2
6. 356 cm2
7. 468 cm2
8. 1055.6 cm2
21 11
2
2
side trapezoids: 2 2
8; total 26 ft2.
2
Area of 1 sheet 4
1
1 _2 ft
Front
1
2 _2 ft
Side
1
2 _2 ft
Side
2 ft
Left over
3 ft
Back
1
1 _2 ft
2 ft
1
1 _2 ft
1
2 _2 ft
Bottom
3 ft
2 ft
3 ft
cm2
cm2
2. 10.24 cm2
5. 191.13
8. 4.90
cm2
cm2
3. 23 cm
6. 41.41 cm
9. 51.3
cm2
1. a 21 cm
2. p
23.9 cm
3. x 8 ft
4. h
14.3 in.
5. Area
19.0 ft2
6. C(11, 1); r 5
7. Area
49.7
8. RV
15.4 cm
cm2
cm2
2. Yes
3. Yes
4. Yes
5. Area
21.22 cm2
ANSWERS
109
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Page 110
2. About 6.4 km
8. 129.6 cm2
4.1 km
22
6
6
32
4.8
0.4 km
1.2 km
0.9 km
10
2.3 km
1.7 km
A
D
B
2. a 12 cm, b 24 cm
3. a 12 cm, b 63 cm
30
14
4. 643 cm2
5. Perimeter 32 62 63 cm;
area 60 183 cm2
6. AC 302 cm; AB 30 303 cm;
area 450 4503 cm2
2. 20 units
3. 17 units
and VW
5. TUVW is an isosceles trapezoid: TU
and TW
have slope 1, so they are parallel. UV
have length
20 and are not parallel
1, slope TW
2).
(slope UV
18
2
110
1. 10 units
7. 453 cm2
1 3
8. C 2, 2
9. C(6
3 , 6)
ANSWERS
4; slope BC
4;
7. M(7, 10); N(10, 14); slope MN
3
3
MN 5; BC 10; the slopes are equal;
MN 12BC.
8. (x 1)2 (y 5)2 4 9. Center (0, 2), r 5
10. The distances from the center to the three points
on the circle are not all the same: AP 61
,
BP
61 , CP 52
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7. 150
1. oblique
2. the axis
3. the altitude
4. bases
5. a radius
6. right
7. Circle C
8. A
or AC
9. AC
or BC
10. BC
1. 80 cm3
5. AD 115.04
cm 10.7 cm
6. ST 93 15.6
1. 4.4 cm
2. 1728 in3
AB
and EC
BC
. V 8 cm3;
5. Note that AE
3
SA (8 42) cm2 13.7 cm2
, BG
, CH
, DI
, EJ
13. AF
, BG
, CH
, DI
, EJ
or their lengths
14. Any of AF
7. 57 truckloads
2. 7.83 g/cm3
3. 0.54 g/cm3
4. 4.94 in.
5. No, its not gold (or at least not pure gold). The
mass of the nugget is 165 g, and the volume is
17.67 cm3, so the density is 9.34 g/cm3. Pure gold
has density 19.3 g/cm3.
19.
2. 144 cm3
3. 415.69 cm3
4. V 4xy(2x 3), or 8x 2y 12xy
1
1
5. V 4p 2h
6. V 6 2x 2y
7. 6 ft3
10. 17.86
ANSWERS
111
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Page 112
6. CA 64 cm
4. V 34.1
cm3;
S 61.1
cm2
5. About 3.9 cm
6. About 357.3 cm2
7. 9 quarts
A(0, 1)
2. 6510 ft
4. About 18.5 ft
5. 0.6 m, 1.2 m, 1.8 m, 2.4 m, and 3.0 m
C(1.5, 1.5)
D(2, 0.5)
x
4
y
D (2, 4)
9
3. 2
5
7. 2:3
36
4. 1
8
8. 8889 cm2
E(8, 2)
F(4, 2)
112
3. 110.2 mi
B (2, 3)
8. 4 to 1
3. 16 cm3
1. Yes
2. No
5. 8:125
6. 6 ft2
4. 20 cm
2. Yes
3. No
4. NE 31.25 cm
5. PR 6 cm; PQ 4 cm; RI 12 cm
6. a 9 cm; b 18 cm
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7. RS 22.5 cm, EB 20 cm
7. About 24
8. x 20 cm; y 7.2 cm
16
8
9. p 3 5.3 cm; q 3 2.6 cm
p
1. sin P r
p
3. tan P q
q
2. cos P r
q
4. sin Q r
5. sin T 0.800
6. cos T 0.600
7. tan T
1.333
8. sin R 0.600
9. x
12.27
10. x
29.75
11. x
18.28
8. About 43.0 cm
12. mA
71
13. mB
53
14. mC
30
w
15. sin 40 2;
8 w
18.0 cm
x
16. sin 28 1;
4 x
7.4 cm
17. cos 17 7y3; y
76.3 cm
18. a
28
19. t 47
20. z 76
Given
Distributive property
Subtraction property
Addition property
Division property
2. False
M
1. Area 2 cm2
4. x 54.0
5. y 31.3
6. a 7.6 in.
7. Diameter 20.5 cm
8. 45.2
9. 28.3
4. m 14 cm
5. p 17 cm
3. False
D
A
ABP CDQ
Given
CA Postulate
6. q 13 cm
PB QD
ABP CDQ
Given
ASA Postulate
AP CQ
APB CQD
AB CD
Given
CA Postulate
CPCTC
10. Second line: about 153 ft, between tethers: about 135 ft
2. b 67 cm
3. w 34 cm
AB CD
ABP CDQ
Given
CA Postulate
PAB QCD
AP CQ
APQ CQD
Third Angle
Theorem
Given
CA Postulate
ANSWERS
113
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2. Flowchart Proof
PQ ST
PQR TSU
QPR STU
Given
AIA Theorem
Given
QRP TUS
Third Angle
Theorem
PR UT
Converse of
AEA Theorem
2. Proof:
Statement
BD
1. CD
2. BD AB
AC
3. CD
is bisector
4. AD
of CAB
5. CAD BAD
6. ACD is a right
angle
7. ABD is a right
angle
8. ACD ABD
3. Flowchart Proof
ABC
ax
Given
VA Theorem
a b c 180
x b c 180
by
Triangle Sum
Theorem
Substitution
VA Theorem
9. ABD ACD
3. Flowchart Proof
x y c 180
MN QM
NO QM
Substitution
Given
Given
x y z 180
cz
MN NO
Substitution
VA Theorem
Transitivity
MNO is isosceles
Definition of
isosceles triangle
NMO NOP
XY ZY
XZY is isosceles
Given
Definition of
isosceles triangle
XZ WY
YM is the altitude
from vertex Y
Given
WY WY
Reflexive
property
114
IT Theorem
QMN and NMO
are supplementary
Definition of altitude
and vertex angle
YM is angle
bisector of XYZ
Isosceles Triangle
Vertex Angle Theorem
WXY WZY
XYM ZYM
SAS Theorem
Definition of
angle bisector
ANSWERS
Reason
1. Given
2. Given
3. Given
4. Converse of Angle
Bisector Theorem
5. Definition of angle
bisector
6. Definition of
perpendicular
7. Definition of
perpendicular
8. Right Angles Are
Congruent Theorem
9. SAA Theorem
Supplements of
Congruent Angles
Theorem
4. Proof:
Statement
BC
1. AB
Reason
2. ABC is isosceles
3. A ACB
4. ACB DCE
1. Given
2. Definition of isosceles
triangle
3. IT Theorem
4. Given
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5. A DCE
CE
6. AB
7. ABD CED
BD
8. AB
9. ABD is a right
angle
10. CED is a right
angle
CE
11. BD
3. AM CM
CM
4. AM
5. Transitivity
6. Converse of CA
Postulate
7. CA Postulate
8. Given
9. Definition of
perpendicular
10. Definition of right
angle, transitivity
11. Definition of
perpendicular
DMA BMC
AMD CMB
DAC BCA
BC
AD
9.
10.
11.
12.
DMC BMA
DMC BMA
CDB ABD
AB
DC
13. ABCD is a
parallelogram
M
A
5.
6.
7.
8.
3. Given
4. Definition of
congruence
5. VA Theorem
6. SAS Postulate
7. CPCTC
8. Converse of AIA
Theorem
9. VA Theorem
10. SAS Postulate
11. CPCTC
12. Converse of AIA
Theorem
13. Definition of
parallelogram
C
M
Flowchart Proof
ABCD is a
parallelogram
ABCD is a
rhombus
Given
Given
AB CD
ABCD is a
parallelogram
Definition of
parallelogram
Definition of
rhombus
BDC DBA
CAB ACD
CD AB
AIA Theorem
AIA Theorem
Opposite Sides
Theorem
AC and BD bisect
each other
DAM BAM
AD AB
Rhombus Angles
Theorem
Definition of
rhombus
ADM ABM
SAS Postulate
Parallelogram
Diagonals Theorem
ABM CDM
AM AM
ASA Postulate
DM BM
AM CM
CPCTC
CPCTC
AC and BD bisect
each other at M
CPCTC
Congruent and
Supplementary
Theorem
AC BD
M
A
Definition of
perpendicular
Reason
1. Given
2. Definition of
congruence
AMB is a right
angle
Definition of bisect,
definition of congruence
2. Given: DM BM,
AM CM
Show: ABCD is a
parallelogram
Proof:
Statement
1. DM BM
BM
2. DM
AMD AMB
ANSWERS
115
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Page 116
and BD
bisect each
4. Given: AC
other at M and AC BD
Show: ABCD is a rhombus
A
Flowchart Proof
(See flowchart at bottom of page.)
C
M
C
5. Given: ABCD is a
D
CD
trapezoid with AB
and A B
Show: ABCD is isosceles
B
A
E
Proof:
Statement
Reason
1. ABCD is a trapezoid 1. Given
CD
with AB
AD
2. Construct CE
2. Parallel Postulate
3. AECD is a
3. Definition of
parallelogram
parallelogram
CE
4. AD
4. Opposite Sides
Congruent Theorem
5. A BEC
5. CA Postulate
6. A B
6. Given
7. BEC B
7. Transitivity
8. ECB is isosceles
8. Converse of IT
Theorem
9. EC CB
9. Definition of isosceles
triangle
10. AD CB
10. Transitivity
11. ABCD is isosceles
11. Definition of isosceles
trapezoid
E
6. Given: ABCD is a
C
F
D
trapezoid with AB CD
BD
and AC
A
B
Show: ABCD is isosceles
Proof:
Statement
Reason
1. ABCD is a trapezoid 1. Given
CD
with AB
AC
2. Construct BE
2. Parallel Postulate
and BE
intersect 3. Line Intersection
3. DC
at F
Postulate
4. ABFC is a
4. Definition of
parallelogram
parallelogram
5. AC BF
5. Opposite Sides
Congruent Theorem
BD
6. AC
6. Given
BD
7. BF
7. Transitivity
8. DFB is isosceles
8. Definition of isosceles
triangle
9. DFB FDB
9. IT Theorem
10. CAB DFB
10. Opposite Angles
Theorem
11. FDB DBA
11. AIA Theorem
12. CAB DBA
12. Transitivity
13. AB AB
13. Reflexive property
14. ACB BDA
14. SAS Postulate
BC
15. AD
15. CPCTC
16. ABCD is isosceles
16. Definition of isosceles
trapezoid
ABCD is a
parallelogram
Converse of the
Parallelogram
Diagonals Theorem
AB DC
Opposite Sides
Theorem
ABCD is a
rhombus
Transitivity
Definition of
rhombus
AD BC
Opposite Sides
Theorem
AC and BD bisect
each other at M
Given
DM BM
ADM ABM
AD AB
Definition of bisect,
definition of
congruence
SAS Postulate
CPCTC
AM AM
Ref lexive property
AC BD
Given
116
ANSWERS
DMA BMA
Right Angles
Congruent Theorem
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7. False
8. False
9. True
Given: ABCD with
CD
and A C
AB
Show: ABCD is a
parallelogram
Flowchart Proof
AB CD
Given
A and D
are supplementary
C and B
are supplementary
Interior Supplements
Theorem
Interior Supplements
Theorem
A C
Given
D B
Supplements of
Congruent Angles
Theorem
ABCD is a
parallelogram
Converse of Opposite
Angles Theorem
D 4
A
O
B
D
C
Flowchart Proof
Construct
OA, OB, OC, OD
Line Postulate
OA OD
AB CD
OB OC
Definition of circle,
definition of radii
Given
Definition of circle,
definition of radii
OAB ODC
SSS Postulate
AOB DOC
CPCTC
AB
CD
Definition of congruence,
definition of arc measure,
transitivity
ANSWERS
117
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Page 118
, CD
, and DE
are
2. Paragraph Proof: Chords BC
congruent because the pentagon is regular. By the
, CD
, and DE
are
proof in Exercise 1, the arcs BC
congruent and therefore have the same measure.
by the Inscribed Angles IntermEAD 12mDE
cepting Arcs Theorem. Similarly, mDAC 12mDC
1
and mBAC 2mBC . By transitivity and algebra,
the three angles have the same measure. So, by the
definition of trisect, the diagonals trisect BAE.
B B
Given
AB BC
BC BD
Definition of
similar triangle
BC 2 AB BD
R
Multiplication
property
RU
SU
by the Tangent Segments
TU
Theorem. TUR is isosceles by definition because
RU
. So, by the IT Theorem, T TRU.
TU
Call this angle measure x. SUR is isosceles because
SU
, and by the IT Theorem, S URS.
RU
Call this angle measure y. The angle measures of
TRS are then x, y, and (x y). By the Triangle
Sum Theorem, x y (x y) 180. By algebra
(combining like terms and dividing by 2), x y
90. But mTRS x y, so by transitivity and
the definition of right angle, TRS is a right angle.
(Line
4. Paragraph Proof: Construct tangent TP
Postulate, definition of tangent). PTD and TAC
. Similarly,
both have the same intercepted arc, TC
PTD and TBD have the same intercepted arc,
. So, by transitivity, the Inscribed Angles InterTD
cepting Arcs Theorem, and algebra, TAC and
TBD are congruent. Therefore, by the Converse
BD
.
of the CA Postulate, AC
C
E
Flowchart Proof
AB CD
Given
BDC DBA
DCA CAB
AIA Theorem
AIA Theorem
CDE ABE
AA Similarity
Postulate
DE CE DC
BE AE AB
Definition of
similarity
T
D
A
B
118
ANSWERS
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AB
3. Given: ABC with ACB right, CD
Show: AC BC AB CD
A
D
Flowchart Proof
4.
5.
6.
CD AB
Given
ADC is right
7.
8.
Definition of
perpendicular
ADC ACB
ACB is right
Given
ACB ADC
A A
AA Similarity
Postulate
9.
10.
11.
12.
AC AB
CD BC
13.
Definition of
similarity
Proof:
Statement
1. Construct DB
2. A and C are
right angles
3. A C
14.
15.
AC BC AB CD
Multiplication
property
16.
DC
4. Given: ABCD with right angles A and C, AB
Show: ABCD is a rectangle
D
17.
18.
A
19.
Reason
1. Line Postulate
2. Given
ANSWERS
119