Name: ______________________________

Date: _____________________

Notes: Energy Conversions

Where do cells get their energy from?
______________________________________________
What are the primary sources of chemical energy?
____________________________________
What happens to the energy in food before it can be utilized by the body?
______________________________________________________________________________
What molecule is the primary energy currency of the cell?
______________________________
Why cant energy be used directly from food?
________________________________________
How many ATP could be made from 1 glucose molecule?
_______________________________
What process releases the energy that is inside of food molecules?
______________________________________________________________________________

Where are the reactants found in a chemical equation?

________________________________
What are reactants?
_____________________________________________________________
What are the specific raw materials needed for cellular respiration?
______________________________________________________________________________
Where are the products found in a chemical equation?
_________________________________
What are products?
_____________________________________________________________
What specific products are formed during cellular respiration?
______________________________________________________________________________

What does it mean when heat/energy appears on the products side on a

chemical equation?
______________________________________________________________________________
What is the purpose of respiration?
________________________________________________
Most of respiration occurs in which organelle?
________________________________________
What process allows cells to make ATP without oxygen?
________________________________
Is fermentation more or less efficient than respiration?
_________________________________
What is a by-product of fermentation in muscle cells?
__________________________________
What does the collection of lactic acid produce?
______________________________________
What are two products of fermentation by yeast which are used in food
preparation?
______________________________________________________________________________
Do plant cells have mitochondria to convert food energy into ATP?
_______________________
What does it mean for cells to be autotrophic?
_______________________________________
What process allows plants to make their own food?
__________________________________

What substances are the reactants (raw materials) needed for plants to do
photosynthesis?
______________________________________________________________________________
What substances are the products of plants performing photosynthesis?
______________________________________________________________________________

Which product of photosynthesis is actually the food source?

____________________________
What does it mean when heat/energy appears on the reactants side on a
chemical equation?
______________________________________________________________________________
Plants absorb energy from what source?
____________________________________________
What does the prefix photo- mean?
________________________________________________
What energy conversion occurs in plant cells?
________________________________________
Which organelle absorbs light and performs photosynthesis?
____________________________
What molecule actually absorbs light inside chloroplasts?
_______________________________
Why is chloro- used for naming this molecule and organelle?
____________________________
Seeds and very young plants need oxygen to grow and not carbon dioxide.
Why is this?
______________________________________________________________________________
What abiotic factor is not found at great ocean depths?
________________________________
What do hydrothermal vents provide?
______________________________________________
What organisms perform chemosynthesis?
__________________________________________
Where does the energy needed to perform chemosynthesis come from?
______________________________________________________________________________
What role do chemosynthetic bacteria fill?
___________________________________________

What larger animals often host these bacteria?

_______________________________________