A.

Socialization
Recall and rediscover how you socialized before when you were still a kid. (If through
games, compile some pictures.

I begin my social life during my elementary days as Grade 1 when I joined folk dance.
How do you define socialization process?
Process by which individuals acquire the knowledge, language, social skills, and value to
conform to the norms and roles required for integration into a group or community. It is a
combination of both self-imposed (because the individual wants to conform) and externallyimposed rules, and the expectations of the others. In an organizational setting, socialization refers
to the process through which a new employee 'learns the ropes,' by becoming sensitive to the
formal and informal power structure and the explicit and implicit rules of behavior. See also
organizational
culture
and
orientation.
What did you learn from these forms of socialization? In what ways did it contribute to
you as a person?
I have met the different types of people, different types of religion, different types of
culture/tradition, and also different types of personality. It contributes to me as person when Im
many people that surrounded with me, I feel so comfortable when Im with them. Therefore, It
develops my personality associated with my attitudes and behavior is how we think, perceive ,
remember, our abilities, talents/skills, and also our feeling, love, hate, sympathy, anger.

 Cite the most common and exciting socialization you have experienced?
The most exciting socialization that I have experienced in our On-the-Job-Training in BJMP
Maa, Davao City in Area of Female Detainees because as Psych Major we need to let them
express their feelings through sharing music, to let them share time they have experience the
sentiment expressed in the music, let them others appreciate their choice of music, and also
develop their interpersonal skills. So, the process of these activities is to feel comfortable sharing
to others your favorite song, enjoy finding out their favorite song. Therefore, this activity will
teach them that most of the time, you get to know a person much better by knowing whats
behind their favorite things or even their favorite song. Also, it is good that once in a while, they
need to open up about their personal lives because it will make them feel comfortable to the
people around them.
What is the difference between natural and planned socialization?
Natural socialization occurs when infants and youngsters explore, play and discover the
social world around them. Natural socialization is easily seen when looking at the young of
almost any mammalian species (and some birds). Planned socialization occurs when other people
take actions designed to teach or train others -- from infancy on. Planned socialization is mostly
a human phenomenon; and all through history, people have been making plans for teaching or
training others.
What are the agents of socialization? Describe each one of them briefly.
Family

The most important socializing agent

Studies show that warm, supportive moderately restrictive family environments
usually produce happy-well behaving children
Cold, rigid, and overly restrictive families tend to cause kids to be rebellious,
resentful and insecure

Impact of social class

Lower-class families tend to be more authoritarian and strict than middle-class families
o Parents tend to train children to respect and obey parental authority
Middle class parents are more permissive and lenient, emphasizing the value of
independence
o More child centered and sensitive to the childs feelings

Neighborhood

Some neighborhoods are better for children than others

research shows that children from poor neighborhoods are more likely to get in trouble
with the law, get pregnant, drop out of school or end up disadvantaged

Religion

Religion plays a major role in socialization of most Americans

o 70% of Americans belong to a local congregation and 2 in every 5 Americans
attend a religious service weekly
Religious especially influences morality but also ideas about dress, speech, and manners
that are appropriate

Day Care

With more mothers working, day care has become a significant agent of socialization
Research finds that the effects of day care largely depends on the childs background and
quality of care
o Children from poor households or dysfunctional families appear to benefit from
day care
o Children in higher quality day care centers interact better with children and have
fewer behavioral problems
The more hours a child spends in day care, the weaker the bonds between mothers and
children and the more negative their interactions
Children who go to day care score higher of language tests

School

One of the first tasks at school is to learn to fit in by getting along with others
o School provides children with their first training in how to behave
School contribute to uniformity
o Expected to both help children develop their potential and mold them into social
conformity
o The hidden curriculum- trains students to be patriotic, to believe in their countrys
cultural values and obey its laws

Other Agents of Socialization

Sports- teaching social skills and values

Workplace- learn a set of skills and a perspective on the world

Resocialization

Resocialization is the process of learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors to
match new situations in life
o Occurs each time we learn something that is contrary to our previous experiences,
such as going to work in a new job

Total institution

Erving Goffman coined the term to refer to a place where people are cut off from the rest
of society and are under almost total control of agents of the institution
o boot camp, prisons, concentration camps, convents, some religious cults and some
boarding schools
A person entering the institution is greeted with a degradation ceremony through which
current identity is stripped away and replaced
Total institutions are effective b/c they isolate people from outside influences and
information

B. Pillars of Education
What are the pillars of Education?
1.
2.
3.
4.

Learn to know
Learn to know
Learn to live together
Learning to be

Describe each one and give at least one example (on how the pillars are applied in the
classroom), identify the roles of the teachers in every pillar. You may place pictures of
activities that are anchored on these pillars. Properly label each picture.
1. LEARNING TO KNOW
Learning to know implies learning how to learn by developing one's concentration, memory
skills and ability to think.
Every individual has hidden talents such as:
1. Memory
2. Reasoning
3. Imagination
4. Physical ability
5. Aesthetic sense
6. Aptitude to communicate
From infancy, young people must learn how to concentrate - on objects and on other
people. This process of improving concentration skills can take different forms and can be aided
by the many different learning opportunities that arise in the course of people's lives (games,
work experience programmes, travel, practical science activities, etc.)

The development of memory skills is an excellent tool for countering the overpowering
stream of instant information put out by the media. It would be dangerous to conclude that there
is no point in people's improving their memory skills because of the vast amount of information
storage and distribution capacity available. While some selectivity is undoubtedly required when
choosing facts to be "learned by heart", there are numerous examples of the human memory's
ability to outperform computers when it comes to establishing connections between memorized
facts that apparently have very little to do with each other. The specifically human ability of
associative memorization is not something that can be reduced to an automatic process; it has to
be carefully cultivated. Furthermore, specialists in this field agree that memory skills have to be
developed from infancy and that it is dangerous to discontinue various traditional exercises in
schools simply because they are considered to be boring.
Thinking is something children learn first from their parents and then from their teachers.
The process should encompass both practical problem-solving and abstract thought. Both
education and research should therefore combine deductive and inductive reasoning, which are
often claimed to be opposing processes. While one form of reasoning may be more appropriate
than the other, depending on the subjects being taught, it is generally impossible to pursue a
logical train of thought without combining the two.
Different methods of teaching

Inductive-Deductive

Problem Solving

Laboratory Work
2. LEARNING TO DO
This question is closely associated with the issue of occupational training: how do we
adapt education so that it can equip people to do the types of work needed in the future?
Learning must transform certified skills into personal competence. It is assessed by looking at a
mix of skills and talents, social behaviour, personal initiative and a willingness to work. These
are often referred to as interpersonal skills or peoples skills by employers. Knowledge along
with other qualities like communication, teambuilding and problem solving skills is most
demanded by the service sector these days. Personal Competence includes life skills like :
1. Social behavior
2. Personal initiatives
3. Willingness to take risk
4. Communication skills
5. Problem solving skills
5. Adaptability
6. Social responsibility
7. Leadership skills
3. LEARNING TO LIVE TOGETHER

Education should help in inculcating a spirit of empathy in students so that it can have a
positive effect on their social behaviour throughout their lives. Understanding each other,
resolving conflicts through dialogue and discussion should be the essential tools of present day
education. People of the world should accept their differences but start working on the basis of
their commonalties for the survival of humankind.
Values to be developed amongst students
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

Non Violence
Cooperation
Selfless attitude
Developing values
Accepting human diversity
Instill an awareness of the similarities and interdependence of all people
4. LEARNING TO BE

The aim of development is the complete fulfillment of man and his development in a
holistic way as an individual, member of a family and community and as a responsible citizen.
According to Alvin Toffler The illiterate of 21st century will not be those who can not read or
write but those who cannot learn ,unlearn and relearn
Person's complete development - mind and body, intelligence, sensitivity, aesthetic
appreciation and spirituality. All people should receive in their childhood and youth an education
that equips them to develop their own independent, critical way of thinking and judgement so
that they can make up their own minds on the best courses of action in the different
circumstances in their lives.
Individual Family member, Community member, Citizen, Professional, Innovator, Creative
dreamer
Educational Experiences : Aesthetic, Social , Moral, Spiritual, Logic and reasoning
C. Social Sciences Theories
What are the social sciences theories? Gather comments from teachers on the functions of
schools according to the different theories?
Consensus Theory- is a social theory that holds that a particular political or economic
system is a fair system and that social changed should take place within the social
institutions provided by it.
Conflict Theory- seeks to determine who, why, and how those with power have imposed
specific aspects of culture.

Symbolic Interactionist Theory- is most concerned with the processes and results of
human communication through gestures and sound with shared meanings.
Explain the relationship of the various social theories and the functions of school
Conflict Theory- schools function to reproduce the dominant ideologies. for example,
teaching the American dream (that individuals that work hard enough can succeed), when in
reality, many people are set up for failure. But when they fail, they feel that it's their fault and
don't question the system, because they have internalized the dominant ideology.
Functional (Consensus Theory)- schools function to place people into the labor market in
positions that they are qualified for. So then, people who go to medical school were prepared for
the rewards of this position because the school taught them the skills they need.
Interview a teacher on the influences of the conflict and consensus theories on their work
a teacher. Submit a write-up of the theory.
D. Functions of the School
What are the functions of the school? How do schools transform the society?
Technical/ Economic functions
It refers to the contributions of schools to the technical or economic development and
needs of the individual, the institution, the local community, the society, and the international
community. School can help students to acquire knowledge and skills necessary to survive and
compete in a modern society or a competitive economy, and provide staff job training and
opportunity. Schools serve the economic behaviours or students, and contribute to the
development and stability of manpower structure of the economy.
Human/ Social functions
It refers to the contribution of schools to human development and social relationships at
different levels of the society. Schools help develop students to develop themselves
psychologically, socially, and physically, and help them develop their potential as fully as
possible. School is a social entity or social system composed of different human relationships.
Therefore, one of important school functions is to provide the environment quality.
Political functions
It refers to the contribution of schools to the political development at different levels of
society. Schools help students to develop positive civic attitudes and skills to exercise the rights
and responsibilities of citizenship. School are often become a political coalition of teachers,
parents, and students that can contribute to the stability of the political power structure.

Cultural functions
It refers to contributions of schools to the cultural transmission and development at
different levels of society. Schools help students to develop their creativity and aesthetic
awareness and to be socialized with the successful norms, values, and beliefs of society.
Therefore, school act as place for systematic cultural transmission to and reproduction of the
next generations, cultural integration among the multiple and diverse constituencies, and cultural
revitalization of the outdated poor traditions.
Education functions
It refers to the contributions of the schools to the development and maintenance of
education at the different levels of society. The system and structure of education need to be
developed maintained, and it is important for schools to help students to learn how to learn and
help teachers to learn how to teach. Also, facilitating teachers professional development is one of
the key functions of education at this level.
Manifest functions

Social Control
Schools are responsible for teaching discipline, respect, obedience,
punctuality, and perseverance. They teach conformity by teaching young people
to be good students, conscientious future workers, and law abiders.
Socialization
Thecontends that from kindergarten through college schools teach students
the student-roles, specific academic subjects, and political socialization (e.g., the
importance of the democratic process).
Social Placement
Schools are responsible for identifying the most qualified people to fill
advanced positions in society. Schools often channel students into programs
based on their ability and academic achievement. Graduates receive appropriate
credentials for entering the paid work force.
Transmitting culture
Schools transmit cultural norms and values to each new generation. It
plays, as well, an important process in the assimilation of new immigrants.
Immigrants learn the dominant cultural values, attitudes, and behaviors so that
they can be productive members in their new society.
Promoting social and political integration
Education serves the latent function of promoting political and social
integration by transforming its population composed of diverse ethnic and
religious groups into a society whose members share a common identity.
Agent of change
Education can stimulate or bring about desired changes. It promotes social
change by serving as meeting ground where each societys distinctive beliefs and
traditions can be shared.

Latent functions
Latent functions are the not-so-obvious functions associated with education. Kendall
(1998:277) suggests that some examples are the role schools play in keeping young people off
the streets. School also provides the service of matchmaking. We often meet our future
mates in school. The transmission of cultural values and norms is often done quietly via the
hidden curriculum.

Restricting some activities

In our society there are laws that require children to attend school or
complete a primary and secondary education.
Matchmaking and production of social networks
School brings together people of similar ages, social class, and race, young
people often meet future marriage partners, and develop social networks
that may last for many years.
Creation of generation gap
Students may learn information in school that contradicts beliefs held by
their parents or their religion.

Conservation functions
Schools conserves and preserves through its libraries and other devices recorded
accumulated experiences of the past generations such as knowledge, inventions, mathematics,
science, historical, facts, skills, customs, traditions, language, literature, music, writing, and the
arts. All of these are preserved for future generations.
Instructional functions
The main concern of the school is to pass on the accumulated experiences of the past
generations to the incoming generations. The school is expected to produce leaders in all fields
of endeavour; politics, education, trade and industry, science, especially in medicine and the like.
Research functions
The school research to improve the old ways of doing things to discover hitherto
unknown facts or systems to improve the quality of human.
Social Service functions
School can play a pivotal role within a sustainable community. By educating young
people in a way that empowers them to play active roles in their local communities to be able to
make informed choices and to critically evaluate what they see and hear, hear gain a sense of
responsibility for the sustainability of their communities.

RESEARCH
PROJECT IN
SOCIAL
DIMENSION
Prepared By: Munib A. Brahim Jr.