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  • Paris Law Theory

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    panbuu
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    Paris postulated that the range of stress intensity factor characterizes sub-critical crack growth under fatigue loading, similar to how the stress intensity factor characterizes critical fracture. He found crack growth rate is linearly related to the range of stress intensity factor on log-log scales. This allows quantitative prediction of residual life for a crack by integrating crack size over cycles until fast fracture. The Paris law applies to crack growth rates from 10-3 to 10-6 mm/cycle, with threshold and higher growth rate regimes following a sigmoidal curve. It remains a useful relationship for predicting remaining life in engineering structures.

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    Paris postulated that the range of stress intensity factor characterizes sub-critical crack growth under fatigue loading, similar to how the stress intensity factor characterizes critical fracture. He found crack growth rate is linearly related to the range of stress intensity factor on log-log scales. This allows quantitative prediction of residual life for a crack by integrating crack size over cycles until fast fracture. The Paris law applies to crack growth rates from 10-3 to 10-6 mm/cycle, with threshold and higher growth rate regimes following a sigmoidal curve. It remains a useful relationship for predicting remaining life in engineering structures.

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    79 vizualizări3 pagini

    Paris Law Theory

    Încărcat de

    panbuu
    Paris postulated that the range of stress intensity factor characterizes sub-critical crack growth under fatigue loading, similar to how the stress intensity factor characterizes critical fracture. He found crack growth rate is linearly related to the range of stress intensity factor on log-log scales. This allows quantitative prediction of residual life for a crack by integrating crack size over cycles until fast fracture. The Paris law applies to crack growth rates from 10-3 to 10-6 mm/cycle, with threshold and higher growth rate regimes following a sigmoidal curve. It remains a useful relationship for predicting remaining life in engineering structures.

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    9/8/2016

    ParisLawTheory

    Theory
    Lifepredictionforfatiguecrackswasmadeverymucheasierandfarmorequantitative,inthe1960'swhenParis[1]postulatedthat
    therangeofstressintensityfactormightcharacterisesubcriticalcrackgrowthunderfatigueloadinginthesamewaythatK
    characterisedcritical,orfastfracture.Heexaminedanumberofalloysandrealisedthatplotsofcrackgrowthrateagainstrangeof
    stressintensityfactorgavestraightlinesonloglogscales.Thisimpliesthat:

    Forthefirsttime,itbecamepossibletomakeaquantitativepredictionofresiduallifeforacrackofacertainsize.Thissimply
    requiredfindinglimitsontheintegrationintermsofcracksize,whichcouldbedonebyfindingthefinalsizewhichcausedfast
    fracturefromtherelationshipbetweenfracturetoughnessandcracksize:

    SeparationofthevariablesaandNandsubstitutionfortherangeofstressintensitybytheequivalentequationintermsofstress
    andcracksizegives:

    Itwaslaterrealisedthatthissocalled'law'appliedtogrowthratesintherangeofperhaps103 mm/cycleto106 mm/cycle,andthat


    thefatiguecrackgrowthratecurvewassigmoidalinshapewhengrowthlowerandhigherthanthisrangewereincluded.Typical
    dataforaustemperedductileironinair,asafunctionofstressratio(minimumstressincycledividedbymaximumstressincyclea
    measureofmeanstressinthefatiguecycle)isshowninthefigurebelow.

    https://www.fose1.plymouth.ac.uk/fatiguefracture/tutorials/FractureMechanics/Fatigue/FatTheory1.htm

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    ParisLawTheory

    Thelowergrowthrateregionistermedthethresholdregime,becausegrowthratesdropoffsteeplyandthecrackbecomes
    essentiallynonpropagating.Thisrepresentsachangeinmechanismfromdoubleshearcontinuumgrowthtosingleshearnon
    continuumgrowth.Thehighergrowthrateregimeiswherevaluesofmaximumstressintensityinthefatiguecyclearetending
    towardsthefracturetoughnessandstaticmodesoffracture(cleavage,intergranular)areaddingtothefatigueinducedgrowth
    rates.
    TheParislawremainsaveryusefulrelationship,however,becauseitcoverstherangeofgrowthratesmostusefultoengineering
    structures,andbecauseanextrapolationintothethresholdregimegivesaconservativeestimatefortheremaininglife.This
    developmentwascrucialtotheadoptionofdefecttoleranceconceptsandtheimplementationofaretirementforcausephilosophy.
    Furtherinformationfromsomeearlypapersdealingwithcharacterisationoffatiguecrackgrowthratesinfracturemechanicsterms
    canbefoundinreferences2to6.Thereareanumberofmoderntextswhichdealwithfatigue,andausefulstartingpointis
    reference7.
    References:
    1.PParisandFErdogan(1963),Acriticalanalysisofcrackpropagationlaws,JournalofBasicEngineering,Transactionsof
    theAmericanSocietyofMechanicalEngineers,December1963,pp.528534.
    2.TCLindley,CERichardsandRORitchie(1976),Mechanicsandmechanismsoffatiguecrackgrowthinmetals:areview,
    MetallurgiaandMetalForming,September1976,pp.268280.
    3.JSchijve(1978),Fourlecturesonfatiguecrackgrowth,EngineeringFractureMechanics,Vol.11No.1pp.169206.
    4.RPWei(1978),Fracturemechanicsapproachtofatigueanalysisindesign,JournalofEngineeringMaterialsand
    Technology,April1978,Vol.100,pp.113120.
    https://www.fose1.plymouth.ac.uk/fatiguefracture/tutorials/FractureMechanics/Fatigue/FatTheory1.htm

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    5.RORitchie(1980),Applicationoffracturemechanicstofatigue,corrosionfatigueandhydrogenembrittlement,Analytical
    andExperimentalFractureMechanics,ProceedingsoftheInternationalConferenceheldinRome,June1980,GCShih
    (editor),SijthoffandNordhoff.
    6.RJAllen,GSBoothandTJutla(1988),Areviewoffatiguecrackgrowthcharacterisationbylinearelasticfracture
    mechanics(LEFM)Parts1and2,FatigueandFractureofEngineeringMaterialsandStructures,Vol.11No.1pp.4569and
    No.2p.71108.
    7.SSuresh(1998),FatigueofMaterials2ndedition,CambridgeUniversityPress,Cambridge,England.
    CloseWindow

    https://www.fose1.plymouth.ac.uk/fatiguefracture/tutorials/FractureMechanics/Fatigue/FatTheory1.htm

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