Sunteți pe pagina 1din 9

ACID-BASE TITRATION MODULE

By :
Yoga Nugraha, S.Pd

PEMERINTAH DAERAH KABUPATEN MAJALENGKA


DINAS PENDIDIKAN
SMK YPIB MAJALENGKA
PROGRAM KEAHLIAN KIMIA ANALISIS
Jl. Gerakan Koperasi No. 003 Majalengka

2014

Acid-Base Titration Introduction:


Water dissociates (self-ionizes) into H+ (hydrogen ion) and OH- (hydroxide ion) ions
naturally to a very small extent:
H2O -> H+ +

OH-

In a neutral solution the concentration of [ H + ] and [ OH- ] are equal at 1.0 x 10-7 M. An
acidic solution is one in which the concentration of [ H + ] > [ OH- ] , and in an basic
solution the [ H+ ] < [ OH- ]. pH is a measure of the concentration of [ H+ ] and is
defined as :
pH = -log[ H+ ]
In a neutral solution pH = 7. A pH < 7 indicates an acidic solution and pH > 7 signifies
a basic solution.
An acid-base reaction is one in which H+ ion are transferred from an acid to a base:
HA + B -> A- + BH+,

where HA is an acid and B is an base

In this experiment we will explore the use of titration, adding small quantities of a base
to an acid and recording the rise of pH. We can plot the pH against the amount of
base added producing a titration curve. The steepest point on the curve occurs at the
equivalence point, when the acid is exactly neutralized. Because the titration curve is
so steep near equivalence only a small amount of base can result in a large change in
pH.
This point is the end point of our reaction and can be signified by the color change of
an indicator. An indicator, in an acid base reaction, is a substance whose color
changes over a particular pH range. Phenolphthalein is an example of an indictor
which changes from colorless to pink as pH goes from 8 to 10.
In this lab we will be using a strong acid and a strong base to perform our acid base
titration. Strong acids and bases can be assumed to dissociate in water completely.
We will be adding NaOH, a strong base, to HCl, a strong acid. The NaOH will
neutralize the HCl in a reaction that produces sodium chloride (salt) and water:
HCl + NaOH -> NaCl + H2O
Since the stoichiometric ratio of hydrogen ions to hydroxide ion is 1:1 in this reaction,
the number of moles of NaOH added to HCl will be equal at the end point or:
(Molarity acid)x(Volume of acid) = (Molarity of base)x(Volume of base added)

Procedure

Step 1: Obtain acid, in a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask add 35 ml of 0.2 M HCl solution.

(pH = 0,7)
35 ml of 0.2M HCl solution

Step 2: Add an indicator to the acid, add 3 drops of phenolphthalein indicator.


3 drops of Phenolphthalein indicator

35 ml of 0.2M HCl solution

Step 3: Fill buret with NaOH, obtain a 50 ml buret and fill with 0.2 M NaOH solution.

50 mL 0.2M NaOH solution

35 ml of 0.2M HCl solution

Step 7: Titrate NaOH into HCl until end point , record initial buret volume and add
NaOH slowly until the HCl solution turns pink and record the final buret volume of
NaOH in buret.

0.2M NaOH solution

NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)


(sodium chloride (salt) and water)

Observations:
a)
b)
c)
d)

Initial buret volume: 50 mL


final buret volume: 15 mL
Total volume titrated to reach end-point: 35 mL
Prepare a titration curve with pH on the y-axis and volume of base added on xaxis.
Volume(ml) pH

0.100000,0.701452
1.000000,0.723794
2.000000,0.748658
3.000000,0.773604
4.300000,0.806224
5.700000,0.841697
6.200000,0.854475
7.200000,0.880238
8.500000,0.914213
9.200000,0.932773
10.000000,0.954243
11.900000,1.006531
12.900000,1.034913
13.900000,1.063996
14.900000,1.093874
15.100000,1.099955
15.400000,1.109144
16.200000,1.134082

Volume(ml) pH

Volume(ml) pH

17.200000,1.166221
18.200000,1.199572
19.200000,1.234312
20.200000,1.270647
21.200000,1.308827
22.200000,1.349156
23.200000,1.392011
24.200000,1.437868
25.200000,1.487340
26.200000,1.541239
27.200000,1.600666
28.200000,1.667178
29.200000,1.743077
30.200000,1.831976
31.200000,1.940044
32.200000,2.079181
33.200000,2.277482
34.200000,2.635986

35.200000,10.755723
36.200000,11.527731
37.000000,11.744727
38.000000,11.914828
39.600000,12.091049
40.300000,12.148511
41.100000,12.204975
42.100000,12.265234
43.100000,12.316864
44.900000,12.394118
45.900000,12.430508
46.900000,12.463293
47.900000,12.493065
48.900000,12.520283
49.900000,12.545309
50.000000,12.547702

e)

Determine the equivalence point from the curve (steepest point of curve).

ACID-BASE TITRATION MODULE

By :
Yoga Nugraha, S.Pd

PEMERINTAH DAERAH KABUPATEN MAJALENGKA


DINAS PENDIDIKAN
SMK YPIB MAJALENGKA
PROGRAM KEAHLIAN ANALISIS KIMIA
Jl. Gerakan Koperasi No. 003 Majalengka

S-ar putea să vă placă și