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Dimetro
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ELEMAN
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ELEMAN
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Group:
Members
Posts: 7
Member No.:
7,154
Joined: 3-May
07
Cons
Re:Consulta no atendida
Personal Message
Art
Montemayor
ChE Jedi
Group: Admin
Posts: 1,025
Member No.: 4
Joined: 8-March
03
Propongo que solicites a travs del Foro solucin a tu problema y all te puedo co
todos los detalles que necesites. Inclusive, te envo a travs del Foro mis clculos
forma de Excel - conjuntamente con todas las explicaciones de los clculos.
Tengo mucho por decir y explicar sobre esta aplicacin, pero no tengo el tiempo
momento. Espero tu respuesta.
Ojala esto te ayude en tu proyecto.
In order to obtain some sedimentation and/or settling of solids and water contained
heavy fuel oil (Bunker C or distillate #6), we are planning to heat this fuel oil in th
above ground uninsulated storage tanks. The heating fluid available is saturated s
would be feeded to an immersed steam coil in the tanks.
We plan to fill up these tanks and then, supply the heat.
The tanks are uninsulated, with fixed and vented roof.
After the filling up is achieved, the fuel remains at rest (no fuel in and no fuel out
tank) for 50 hours. At the end of this settling time, the tank starts to be emptied.
From my calculations I have this:
For a heating time of 36 hours, the coil diameter is 128 mm and length of 371 m.
The maximum settling time of 50 hours obliges to heat the fuel oil to 65 C in a ve
time. I am surprised with those dimensions of the steam coils. Please submit your
comments regarding to this subject.
8m
o (por seguridad): 8 m
chapa del tanque: 0,0079 m
35 C
esttico)
combustible: 40 C
mbustible: 65 C
(tanque lleno): 1,800 m
e: 998 kg/m @ 15 C
ble: 635 cSt @ 50 C
mbustible: 2,1 kJ/kg K
o: 24 horas
de vlvula reguladora: 6,5 barg y T = 170 C
s de vlvula reguladora: 4,35 bara y T = 147
0.0079 meters =
5/16
40 oC =
65 oC =
104
149
170 oC =
147 oC =
338
297
t1 =
t2 =
T1 =
T2 =
100
150
300
300
t1 =
t2 =
200
150
Q = 5,879,120 Btu/hr
Q = UA T
U =
T =
A =
2,809
50 Btu/hr-ft2-oF
173.803 oF
676.527 ft2
no lo dices abiertamente, lo
ropones hacer un calentamiento
es el tipo de calefaccin ms
o disear este tipo de proceso -
C
C
168 C
147 C
168 C
147 C
inches
F
F
o
o
F
F
o
o
F
F
o
F
o
F
o
o
F
F
o
o
ft2
Temperature,
o F
297
149
104
Distance along tubes
Steam pressure before regulating valve:
Steam temperature before regulating valve:
6.5 bara =
168 oC =
94.3 psia
334 oF
4.35 bara =
147 oC =
63.1 psia
297 oF
1,179.90 Btu/lb
266.82 Btu/lb
913.08 Btu/lb
(NIST Database)
(NIST Database)
(NIST Database)
104 oF
149 oF
1,723 kW
2,921 kg/hr
694 ft2
2,650 linear feet (14 BWG wall thickness)
132 tubes
22 inches =
20 ft
One
Four
55.88 cm
6.1 meters
Hea
ELE
New
Gro
Mem
Post
Join
May
Mem
No.:
For a heating time of 36 hours, the coil diameter is 128 mm and length of
For a heating time of 36 hours, the coil diameter is 128 mm and length of
371 m.
The maximum settling time of 50 hours obliges to heat the fuel oil to 65 C
in a very short time. I am surprised with those dimensions of the steam
Art Montemayor
TEMA DESIGNATIONS
Front End Stationary Head
Shell Type
One-pass shell
Page 22 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: TEMA Designations
Art Montemayor
A
or,
Page 23 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: TEMA Designations
Art Montemayor
Some examples of the TEMA designation for Heat Exchangers are shown below:
BEM
Front bonnet (Intergral Cover), with one-Pass Shell and a Fixed Tubesheet rear Bonnet
Fixed tubesheet heat exchanger. This is a very popular version as the heads can be removed to clean the inside
of the tubes. The front head piping must be unbolted to allow front head removal; if this is undesirable, then
this can be avoided by applying a type A front head. In that case only the cover needs to be removed. It is not
possible to mechanically clean the outside surface of the tubes as these are fixed inside the shell. Chemical
cleaning can be used in the shell side. Shown is a version with one shell pass and two tube passes. This is
probably the least expensive of the shell-and-tube designs.
BEM
This is the same type of heat exchanger as shown above, except it has only one tube pass
AEM
Channel with Removable Cover, One Pass Shell, Fixed Tubesheet Bonnet
This is almost the same type of heat exchanger as the first BEM. The removable cover allows the inside of the
tubes to be inspected and cleaned without unbolting the piping. However, as can be expected, the tradeoff is
that this convenient feature makes it more expensive.
Page 24 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: TEMA Designations
Art Montemayor
The maintenance feature of having a removable tube bundles requires an exchanger as the following:
AES
Channel and Removable Cover, One Pass Shell, Floating Head with Backing Device
A floating head heat exchanger is excellent for applications where the difference in temperature between the
hot and cold fluid causes unacceptable stresses in the axial direction, between the shell and tubes. The
floating head can move, i.e. it provides the ability to allow tube expansion in the axial direction.
Note that the bundle can not be pulled from the front end. For maintenance both the front and rear end head,
including the backing device, must be disassembled. If pulling from the front head is required a type AET
should be selected.
However, it is wise and prudent to be aware of the inherent trade-offs in this design. Note that the tube-side
fluid can leak through the internal floating head cover gasket and mix (or contaminate) the shell-side fluid.
It is very difficult -and sometimes impossible to mitigate or compensate for the internal bolts tightening the
internal bonnet to remain under constant, steady torque. Hot fluid temperatures make the bolts expand and
the result is a reduction in bolt torque and subsequent leaks through the bonnet gasket. Additionally, it is a
common and expected occurance for maintenance crews to find the internal bolts badly rusted or corroded to
the point where they have to be burned or sawed off in order to extract the "removable" tube bundle.
The chemical engineer has other options to apply when requiring mechanical expansion of a heat exchanger
tube bundle. Various rear head design also exist that allow for tube bundle expansion. Among these are the
popular (and inexpensive) "U" tube bundle design. A "P" and "W" rear head design will also contribute this
feature without the hazard of internal mixing (or contamination) of the two fluids.
Also, be aware that any TEMA shell and tube design with a removable tube bundle feature has - by nature - a
larger shell diameter (& increased cost) due to the need to be able to pull the rear tubesheet the length
of the exchanger's shell. A larger diameter shell can sometimes also present problems in a lower Reynolds
number (yielding a lower heat transfer) and internal by-passing of the shell fluid around the baffles (this also
reduces the effective heat transferred. All these effects eventually lead to a bigger heat exchanger (more area
and more tubes) in order to do a heat transfer operation.
Page 25 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: TEMA Designations
Art Montemayor
Page 26 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: TEMA Designations
Art Montemayor
Page 27 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: TEMA Designations
Art Montemayor
25
553
493
419
307
255
27
663
577
495
361
303
29
763
667
587
427
359
31
881
765
665
481
413
33
1,019
889
765
551
477
35
1,143
1,007
865
633
545
37
1,269
1,127
965
699
595
452
398
346
244
218
398
336
304
192
180
528
468
408
292
248
460
406
362
234
214
626
556
486
346
298
558
484
436
284
256
734
646
560
410
348
648
566
506
340
304
846
746
644
462
402
768
674
586
396
356
964
858
746
530
460
882
772
688
466
406
1,088
972
840
608
522
1,008
882
778
532
464
1,242
1,088
946
688
584
1,126
1,000
884
610
526
332
292
242
176
142
286
254
226
142
122
412
360
308
212
188
378
318
286
178
166
484
424
366
258
214
438
386
342
218
198
576
508
440
308
260
534
462
414
266
238
680
596
510
368
310
622
542
482
322
286
788
692
590
422
360
740
648
560
376
336
904
802
688
486
414
852
744
660
444
384
1,024
912
778
560
476
976
852
748
508
440
1,172
1,024
880
638
534
1,092
968
852
584
500
230
202
158
112
88
206
184
160
100
80
294
258
212
150
116
272
268
210
130
110
372
322
266
182
154
358
300
268
168
152
440
388
324
226
184
416
366
322
206
182
532
464
394
274
226
510
440
392
252
224
632
548
460
338
268
596
518
458
304
268
732
640
536
382
318
716
626
534
356
316
844
744
634
442
368
826
720
632
426
362
964
852
224
514
430
944
826
718
488
420
1,106
964
818
586
484
1,058
940
820
562
478
198
170
132
90
74
190
170
146
90
70
258
224
174
120
94
254
226
194
118
98
332
286
228
154
128
342
286
254
154
142
398
344
286
190
150
398
350
306
190
170
484
422
352
240
192
490
422
374
238
206
576
496
414
298
230
578
498
438
290
254
682
588
490
342
280
688
600
512
340
300
790
694
576
400
334
796
692
608
404
344
902
798
662
466
388
916
796
692
464
396
1,040
902
760
542
438
1,032
908
792
540
456
33
33
33
15
17
69
57
53
33
33
32
28
26
16
12
8
8
12
XX
XX
58
56
48
32
26
34
26
30
8
12
94
90
78
52
40
64
60
52
26
22
124
110
94
62
56
94
72
72
42
38
166
154
126
92
76
134
108
100
58
58
228
208
172
126
106
180
158
142
84
76
300
264
222
162
136
234
212
188
120
100
370
326
280
204
172
304
270
242
154
134
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
48
44
48
24
24
28
20
24
84
72
72
44
40
56
52
44
20
16
108
96
88
60
48
84
64
64
36
32
154
134
126
78
74
122
98
90
50
50
196
180
142
104
84
166
146
130
74
66
266
232
192
138
110
218
198
174
110
90
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
80
66
54
34
116
104
78
56
44
110
88
80
42
42
174
156
116
82
66
156
134
118
68
60
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
94
82
140
124
94
66
102
82
70
38
34
142
122
106
58
50
Fixed Tubes
U Tubes
Fixed Tubes
U Tubes
Fixed Tubes
U Tubes
Fixed Tubes
10
Fixed Tubes
U Tubes
Eight-Pass
Six-Pass
Four-Pass
Two-Pass
One-Pass
74
56
56
30
68
52
48
24
Notes: 1) The above tube counts have an allowance made for Tie Rods.
2) The Radius of Bend for the U-Tube bundles is equal to (2.5) (Tube O.D.); The actual number of U-tubes is 1/2 of the above figures.
Page 28 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Tube Counts
Art Montemayor
104 oF
149 oF
297 oF
297
5,879
50
1
4
170
1.00
170
694
1.10
1.00
F
M Btu/hr
Btu/hr - Ft2 - oF
o
F
Ft2
o
763 Ft2
7,685 lbs/hr
261 gpm
Calculation of F Factor:
P (or S)
R
Term 1
Px
Term 2
Term 3
Term 4A
Term 4B
Term 4
F
0.23
0.00
1.30 [(RP-1)/(P-1)]^(1/N)
0.23
-1.00 (R^2+1)^0.5/(R-1)
-0.27
0.77
8.58
6.58
0.27
1.00
Page 29 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: HX DESIGN
Montemayor
Project No.
1 Service
Equipment No.
2 Location
1 of 1
Rev. No.
Corporation
Sheet
(English Units)
Unit
Horiz.
ft
Gross
P&ID No.
Fluid Allocation
Fluid Circulated
Total Fluid Entering
Vapor (In/Out)
Liquid
Steam
Non-Condensables
Fluid Vaporized or Condensed
Steam Condensed
Temperature
Density, Specific Gravity
Viscosity
Vapor Molecular Weight
Specific Heat
Thermal Conductivity
Latent Heat
Operating Pressure, Inlet
Velocity
Max.
Min.
Pressure Drop, Clean (Allow./Calc.)
Fouling Resistance
Heat Exchanged
Transfer Rate, Service
Eff.
German Huanuco
Vert.
Shells/Unit
P.O. No.
One
Surface/Shell
No. Req'd
Series
Parallel
ft
Gross
Eff.
lb/h
lb/h
lb/h
lb/h
lb/h
lb/h
lb/h
F
cP
Btu/lbF
Btu/hftF
Btu/lb
psig
fps
psi
ft2hF/Btu .
Btu/h Log MTD (Uncorrected)
F Log MTD (Corrected)
Btu/ft2hF . Transfer Rate, Clean
*
*
CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS
SHELL SIDE
TUBE SIDE
Sketch (Bundle, Nozzle Orientation)
F
*
Btu/ft2hF .
Design Pressure
psig
Test Pressure
psig
Design Temperature
F
Number of Passes per Shell
In
Connections Out
Size & Rating
Intermediate
Tubes: Type
Number
OD
in.
in.
Av. Wall
*
0.75
16 BWG or 30
X Min.
45
60
90
Tube Length
in. Tube Pitch
in. Flow Pattern (circle one)
0.9375
Shell: ID
in. OD
in. Tube-to-Tubesheet Joint
*
*
Rolled and Seal Welded
Baffles - Cross:
Type
Spacing
in.
% Cut on
Area
*
*
*
X Diam.
Baffles - Long:
Perm.
Removable
Seal Type:
Bypass Seal:
lb/ftsec Bundle Entrance
lb/ftsec Bundle Exit
lb/ftsec
v2: Inlet Nozzle
*
*
*
Expansion Joint?
Yes
Type:
Impingement Protection?
No
X No
X Yes
PART
MATERIAL
THK, in.
C.A., in.
PART
MATERIAL
THK, in.
C.A., in.
Tubes
Stainless Stl 16 BWG min.
Floating Tubesheet Carbon Steel
*
---Shell
Fixed Tubesheet
Carbon Steel
*
0.125
Shell Cover
Tube Supports
Carbon Steel
*
0.125
Channel
Cross Baffles
Carbon Steel
*
0.125
Channel Cover
Long Baffle
Bronze
*
0.125
Fltg Head Cover
Gaskets
Stainless Stl
---
Stress Relieved (Mark "SR') and/or Radiographed (Mark 'XR') Parts
User Spec.:
Code Requirements:
Stamp?
TEMA Class:
ASME Sec. VIII, Para. 1 (1992)
Yes
Weights: Shell
*
lb Filled with Water
*
lb Bundle
*
lb
Remarks
1. Items marked with an asterisk (*) to be completed by Vendor.
Rev
0
Date
Description
For Purchase
By
Chk.
Appr.
Rev
Date
Description
By
Chk.
Appr.
Corporation
2
3
4
5
6 P&ID No.
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
1234567
Project No.
1 Service
Equipment No.
Sandy Forbes
P.O. No.
One
Connected in
ft2
COLD SIDE
Cooling Water
31,500
206,483
---31,500
------------235
0.907
0.54
---0.867
0.178
cP
Gross
---31,500
------------120
0.929
13.7
---0.843
0.160
---206,483
------------90
0.995
0.76
---1.0
0.358
Btu/lbF
Btu/hftF
Btu/lb
------psig
75
60
fps
8.0
8.0
psi
10
*
10
ft2hF/Btu
0.001
0.003
Btu/h Log MTD (Uncorrected)
F Log MTD (Corrected)
157.0
Transfer Rate, Clean
Btu/ft2hF
*
*
CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS
HOT SIDE
COLD SIDE
Sketch (Frame, Nozzle Orientation)
Allocation
Design Pressure
psig
150
125
Test Pressure
psig
Code
Code
Design Temperature
F
300
300
Number of Passes per Frame
Two
*
Corrosion Allowance
in.
0.0625
None
In
3" 150# RF
6" 125# FF
Connections
Out
3"
150#
RF
6" 125# FF
Size & Rating
Intermediate
------lb/fts
v2, Inlet/Outlet
Impingement Protection?
Yes
No. of Plates
Frame Capacity (Max. No. of Plates)
PART
MATERIAL
THK, in.
C.A., in.
PART
Plates
Connections
Stnless Steel 16 BWG min.
0.03125
Plate Gaskets
Frame
Carbon Steel
*
0.03125
End Cover
Carrying Bar
Carbon Steel
*
0.03125
Carbon Steel
One
No. Req'd
Single
Surface/Frame
Fluid Allocation
Fluid Circulated
Total Fluid Entering
Vapor (In/Out)
Liquid
Steam
Non-Condensables
Fluid Vaporized or Condensed
Steam Condensed
Temperature
Density, Specific Gravity
Viscosity
Vapor Molecular Weight
Specific Heat
Thermal Conductivity
Latent Heat
Operating Pressure, Inlet
Velocity
Min.
X Max.
Pressure Drop, Clean (Allow./Calc.)
Fouling Resistance
Heat Exchanged
3,097,238
Transfer Rate, Service
1 of 1
Sheet
Rev. No.
Montemayor
0.03125
MATERIAL
THK, in.
Stnless Steel
Carbon Steel
Carbon Steel
Carbon Steel
---206,483
------------105
0.992
0.65
---1.0
0.365
*
*
Btu/ft2hF
C.A., in.
0.03125
0.03125
0.03125
0.03125
Rev
0
Date
Description
9-Dec-96 For Inquiry
By
ABC
Chk.
DEF
Appr.
XYZ
Rev
Date
Heat Conservation
Description
By
Chk.
lb
Appr.
Art Montemayor
Overall U
W/m2-C
Btu/hr-ft2-oF
800 1,500
100 - 300
100 - 400
50 - 300
35 - 150
450 - 650
5 - 35
100 - 300
140 - 264
17 52
17 70
9 53
6 26
79 114
1.0 6
17 53
250 - 750
350 - 700
60 - 300
75 - 200
5 - 35
150 - 400
20 - 300
150 - 500
600 1,200
15 - 250
44 132
62 - 123
11 - 53
13 35
1.0 6
26 70
4 53
26 88
106 211
3 - 44
Water
Organic solvents
Light oils
Heavy oils
Gases
Heavy oils
Gases
Steam
Hydrocarbon vapors
1,500 4,000
500 1,000
300 - 900
60 - 450
30 - 300
50 - 300
20 - 200
30 - 100
30 -100
264 - 700
88 - 176
53 159
11 79
5 53
9 53
4 - 35
5 - 18
5 - 18
Water
Water
Water
1,000 1,500
700 1,000
400 - 550
176 264
123 176
70 - 97
Coolers
Organic solvents
Light oils
Heavy oils
Reduced crude
Gases (p = atm)
Gases (p = 200 bar)
Gases
Organic solvents
Water
Gases
Water
Water
Water
Water
Water
Water
Water
Brine
Brine
Brine
Heaters
Steam
Steam
Steam
Steam
Steam
Heat Transfer (hot) Oil
Heat Transfer (hot) Oil
Flue gases
Flue gases
Condensers
Aqueous vapors
Organic vapors
Refinery hydrocarbons
Page 32 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Typical "U"
Art Montemayor
500 - 700
200 - 500
88 123
35 88
1,000 1,500
900 1,200
600 - 900
250 - 550
176 264
159 211
106 159
44 97
300 - 450
300 - 700
50 - 150
50 - 300
300 - 600
53 - 79
53 - 123
9 - 26
9 - 53
53 - 106
500 1,000
200 - 300
70 - 150
200 - 500
100 - 150
88 176
35 53
12 26
35 88
18 26
800 1,500
300 - 500
200 - 400
400 - 700
200 - 300
140 264
53 88
35 70
70 - 123
35 - 53
500 - 700
250 - 500
200 - 500
200 - 300
88 - 123
44 - 88
35 - 88
35 - 53
Vaporizers
Steam
Steam
Steam
Heat Transfer (hot) oil
Aqueouos solutions
Light organics
Heavy organics
Refinery hydrocarbons
Steam
Steam
Water
Water
Jacketed vessels
Jacket Fluid
Vessel Fluid
Dilute aqueous solutions
Light organics
Dilute aqueous solutions
Light organics
Arts Note: Above Us were originally given in metric units and the conversion to good,
old fashioned US engineering units is based on:
1.0 Btu/hr-ft2-oF = 5.678263 Watts/m2-oK
Page 33 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Typical "U"
Art Montemayor
Some of this data was taken from Standards of the Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association (TEMA); 7th Edition (1988); page 178. Note: some of the
BWG
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
20
22
0.282
0.0625
0.1309
0.0738
0.456
0.334
0.0876
0.1309
0.0874
0.370
0.370
0.1075
0.1309
0.0969
0.302
168
0.402
0.430
0.444
0.1269
0.1452
0.1548
0.1309
0.1309
0.1309
0.1052
0.1126
0.1162
0.236
0.174
0.141
198
227
241
0.482
0.510
0.532
0.560
0.584
0.606
0.620
0.634
0.652
0.680
0.1825
0.2043
0.2223
0.2463
0.2679
0.2884
0.3019
0.3157
0.3339
0.3632
0.1963
0.1963
0.1963
0.1963
0.1963
0.1963
0.1963
0.1963
0.1963
0.1963
0.1262
0.1335
0.1393
0.1466
0.1529
0.1587
0.1623
0.1660
0.1707
0.1780
NOTES:
* The weight of the condenser tubes is based on low carbon steel with a density of 0.2836 lbs/in 3. For other metal materials multiply by the following factor
Material
Aluminum
Titanium
A.I.S.I. 300 Series Stainless Steels
A.I.S.I. 400 Series Stainless Steels
Aluminum Bronze
Aluminum Brass
Nickel-Chrome-Iron
Admiralty
Nickel
Nickel-Copper
Copper and Cupro-Nickels
Factor
0.35
0.58
0.99
1.02
1.04
1.06
1.07
1.09
1.13
1.12
1.14
** Liquid Velocity within the tubes = (Lbs Per Tube Hour) / (C * Liquid Specific Gravity) in feet per sec. (Specific gravity of Water @ 60
Page 34 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Condenser Tubes Data
Art Montemayor
n (1988); page 178. Note: some of the tabular TEMA data contained ERRATA, but this was corrected with this spreadsheet's formulas.
Condenser tube
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Condenser Tubes Data
Art Montemayor
Condenser tube
Page 36 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Condenser Tubes Data
Art Montemayor
2.412
2.204
1.935
1.701
3,795
3,891
4,014
4,121
Page 37 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Condenser Tubes Data
Art Montemayor
FG P
T=
2 S
F
G
P
S
T
=
=
=
=
=
1.25
12
350
17,500
1.06
inches
psig
psi
inches
TEMA gives precise rules for determining the variables F, G, P, and S for exchanger design. For estimating
purposes, however, these terms can be taken as:
T = Tubesheet thickness, inches
F = a factor
= 1.0 for stationary and floating-head tubesheets
= 1.25 for U-tube tubesheets
G = shell internal diameter, as calculated from transfer surface and tube dimensions, inches
P = design pressure, psig
S = tubesheets' material allowable stress, psi
Values of S for some common materials are shown in the following table. With this table and the other terms,
tubesheet thickness can be calculated in this spreadsheet.
Material
SA-516 Grade 70
Stainless Steel
1.25Cr - 0.5Mo - Si Steel
Monel
SB-171 Naval Brass
SB-402 Copper Nickel
SB-11 Copper
100
17,500
-15,000
17,500
-12,500
6,600
Temperature, oF
200
300
400
17,500
17,500
17,500
17,700
16,100
15,900
15,000
15,000
15,000
16,500
15,500
14,800
12,500
10,500
2,000
10,500
10,400
10,400
5,700
5,000
--
Page 38 of 49
500
17,500
-15,000
14,700
-10,400
--
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: TubeSheet
Art Montemayor
Tubesheet Layout
SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER TUBESHEET LAYOUTS (TUBE COUNTS)
Source: "Process Heat Transfer"; Donald Q. Kern, McGraw-Hill Book Co. (1950); page 841
1
2
4
6
8
1
2
4
6
8
1
2
4
6
TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass
32
52
81
97
137
177
224
277
341
413
481
553
657
749
845
934
1049
26
52
76
90
124
166
220
270
324
394
460
526
640
718
824
914
1024
20
40
68
82
116
158
204
246
308
370
432
480
600
688
780
886
982
20
36
68
76
108
150
192
240
302
356
420
468
580
676
766
866
968
60
70
108
142
188
234
292
346
408
456
560
648
748
838
948
21
32
48
61
81
112
138
177
213
260
300
341
406
465
522
596
665
16
32
45
56
76
112
132
166
208
252
288
326
398
460
518
574
644
14
26
40
52
68
96
128
158
192
238
278
300
380
432
488
562
624
24
38
48
68
90
122
152
184
226
268
294
368
420
484
544
612
36
44
64
82
116
148
184
222
260
286
358
414
472
532
600
16
30
32
44
56
78
96
127
140
166
193
226
258
293
334
370
12
24
30
40
53
73
90
112
135
160
188
220
252
287
322
362
10
22
30
37
51
71
86
106
127
151
178
209
244
275
311
348
16
22
35
48
64
82
102
123
146
174
202
238
268
304
342
Note: These tube counts can be taken only as an estimate. For accurate tube counts, an actual scaled layout should be done.
Kern does not reveal where he obtained this information and he is not specific in giving details to what TEMA type, orientation, and Outer Tube Limits (OTL) this data
Consequently, the user is advised to scrutinize this information before using it.
Another estimating method for tube counts is found in "Petroleum Refinery Engineering"; Nelson; McGraw-Hill; Page 544:
The number of heat exchanger tubes can be estimated from the equation
N = C * (L/P)2
where,
C = 0.75 (a constant for Square pitch)
P = the tube spacing, in inches
L = the Outer Tube Limit, in inches
Page 39 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Square Pitch
Art Montemayor
Tubesheet Layout
The OTL is about 1-1/2" less than the inside diameter of the shell in floating head exchangers.
It is about 5/8" less than the shell inside diameter of fixed-head or U-tube construction.
Tube Spacing =
Outer Tube Limit =
1.5 inches
13.5 inches
Number of Tubes =
61
Page 40 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Square Pitch
Art Montemayor
uare pitch
Tubesheet Layout
8
1
2
4
6
8
TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass
16
22
31
44
56
78
96
115
140
166
193
226
258
293
336
16
22
29
39
50
62
78
94
112
131
151
176
202
224
252
16
22
29
39
48
60
74
90
108
127
146
170
196
220
246
12
16
25
34
45
57
70
86
102
120
141
164
188
217
267
12
16
24
32
43
54
66
84
98
116
138
160
182
210
230
22
29
39
50
62
78
94
112
131
151
176
202
224
Page 41 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Square Pitch
Art Montemayor
Tubesheet Layout
Page 42 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Square Pitch
Art Montemayor
Tubesheet Layout
1
2
4
6
8
1
2
4
6
TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass
36
62
109
127
170
239
301
361
442
532
637
721
847
974
1102
1240
1377
32
56
98
114
160
224
282
342
420
506
602
692
822
938
1068
1200
1330
26
47
86
96
140
194
252
314
386
468
550
640
766
878
1004
1144
1258
24
42
82
90
136
188
244
306
378
446
536
620
722
852
988
1104
1248
18
36
78
86
128
178
234
290
364
434
524
594
720
826
958
1072
1212
37
61
92
109
151
203
262
316
384
470
559
630
745
856
970
1074
1206
30
52
82
106
138
196
250
302
376
452
534
604
728
830
938
1044
1176
24
40
76
86
122
178
226
278
352
422
488
556
678
774
882
1012
1128
24
36
74
82
118
172
216
272
342
394
474
538
666
760
864
986
1100
Note: These tube counts can be taken only as an estimate. For accurate tube counts, an actual scaled layout should be
Kern does not reveal where he obtained this information and he is not specific in giving details to what TEMA type,
As an example of a discrepancy, refer to the 8" shell with 3/4" tubes on 15/16" triangular pitch and 2-passes. An ac
Consequently, the user is advised to scrutinize this information before using it.
Triangular pitch should never be used with a dirty or fouling fluid on the shellside of an exchanger. This configuratio
Another estimating method for tube counts is found in "Petroleum Refinery Engineering"; Nelson; McGraw-Hill; Pag
The number of heat exchanger tubes can be estimated from the equation
N = C * (L/P)2
where,
C = 0.86 (a constant for Triangular pitch)
P = the tube spacing, in inches
L = the Outer Tube Limit, in inches
The OTL is about 1-1/2" less than the inside diameter of the shell in floating head exchangers.
It is about 5/8" less than the shell inside diameter of fixed-head or U-tube construction.
Tube Spacing =
Outer Tube Limit =
1.5 inches
17.5 inches
Number of Tubes =
Page 43 of 49
117
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Triangular Pitch
Art Montemayor
Tubesheet Layout
h triangular pitch
8
1
2
4
6
8
1
2
4
6
TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass
70
74
110
166
210
260
328
382
464
508
640
732
848
870
1078
21
32
55
68
91
131
163
199
241
294
349
397
472
538
608
674
766
16
32
52
66
86
118
152
188
232
282
334
376
454
522
592
664
736
16
26
48
58
80
106
140
170
212
256
302
338
430
486
562
632
700
14
24
46
54
74
104
136
164
212
252
296
334
424
470
546
614
688
4
50
72
94
128
160
202
242
286
316
400
454
532
598
672
20
32
38
54
69
95
117
140
170
202
235
275
315
357
407
449
18
30
36
51
66
91
112
136
164
196
228
270
305
348
390
436
14
26
32
45
62
86
105
130
155
185
217
255
297
335
380
425
22
28
42
58
78
101
123
150
179
212
245
288
327
374
419
Page 44 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Triangular Pitch
Art Montemayor
Tubesheet Layout
8
1
2
4
6
8
TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass TubePass
20
26
38
54
69
95
117
140
170
202
235
275
315
357
407
18
27
36
48
61
76
95
115
136
160
184
215
246
275
307
14
22
34
44
58
72
91
110
131
154
177
206
238
268
299
14
18
32
42
55
70
86
105
125
147
172
200
230
260
290
12
16
30
38
51
66
80
98
118
141
165
190
220
252
284
12
14
27
36
48
61
76
95
115
136
160
184
215
246
275
Page 45 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Triangular Pitch
Art Montemayor
Outer Tube
Tube OD
Tube
Limit
in
Pitch, in.
Diameter, in.
0.75
0.9375
0.75
1.0000
8.071
0.75
1.0000
6.82
(Sch. 30)
1.00
1.2500
1.00
1.2500
0.75
0.9375
0.75
1.0000
10.02
0.75
1.0000
8.77
(Sch. 40)
1.00
1.2500
1.00
1.2500
0.75
0.9375
0.75
1.0000
0.75
1.0000
12.00
10.75
1.00
1.2500
1.00
1.2500
0.75
0.9375
0.75
1.0000
0.75
1.0000
13.25
12.00
1.00
1.2500
1.00
1.2500
0.75
0.9375
0.75
1.0000
0.75
1.0000
15.25
14.00
1.00
1.2500
1.00
1.2500
0.75
0.9375
0.75
1.0000
0.75
1.0000
17.25
16.00
1.00
1.2500
1.00
1.2500
0.75
0.9375
0.75
1.0000
0.75
1.0000
19.25
18.00
1.00
1.2500
1.00
1.2500
0.75
0.9375
0.75
1.0000
0.75
1.0000
21.00
19.25
1.00
1.2500
1.00
1.2500
0.75
0.9375
0.75
1.0000
0.75
1.0000
23.25
21.50
1.00
1.2500
1.00
1.2500
0.75
0.9375
0.75
1.0000
0.75
1.0000
25.00
23.25
1.00
1.2500
1.00
1.2500
0.75
0.9375
0.75
1.0000
0.75
1.0000
27.00
25.25
1.00
1.2500
1.00
1.2500
0.75
0.9375
0.75
1.0000
0.75
1.0000
29.00
27.25
1.00
1.2500
1.00
1.2500
0.75
0.9375
0.75
1.0000
0.75
1.0000
31.00
29.25
1.00
1.2500
1.00
1.2500
0.75
0.9375
Shell ID
in.
33.00
31.25
Tube
Layout
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
2
38
32
37
21
22
62
52
61
32
37
109
80
90
48
57
127
95
110
60
67
170
138
163
88
96
239
188
211
112
130
301
236
273
148
172
361
276
318
170
199
4
32
26
30
16
18
56
52
52
32
32
98
72
84
44
52
114
90
101
56
63
160
132
152
82
92
224
178
201
110
124
282
224
256
142
162
342
264
308
168
188
Page 46 of 49
6
26
20
24
16
16
47
40
48
26
28
86
68
72
40
44
96
81
90
51
56
140
116
136
75
86
194
168
181
102
116
252
216
242
136
152
314
246
279
157
170
8
24
20
24
14
14
42
36
48
24
28
82
68
70
38
42
90
77
88
46
54
136
112
133
70
84
188
164
176
98
110
244
208
236
129
148
306
240
269
150
164
18
36
60
68
36
40
86
70
74
44
50
128
108
110
64
72
178
142
166
82
94
234
188
210
116
128
290
234
260
148
160
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Total Tubes
Art Montemayor
33.00
31.25
35.00
33.25
37.00
35.25
39.00
37.25
42.00
40.25
44.00
42.25
48.00
46.00
52.00
50.00
56.00
54.00
60.00
58.00
1.0000
1.0000
1.2500
1.2500
0.9375
1.0000
1.0000
1.2500
1.2500
0.9375
1.0000
1.0000
1.2500
1.2500
0.9375
1.0000
1.0000
1.2500
1.2500
0.9375
1.0000
1.0000
1.2500
1.2500
0.9375
1.0000
1.0000
1.2500
1.2500
0.9375
1.0000
1.0000
1.2500
1.2500
0.9375
1.0000
1.0000
1.2500
1.2500
0.9375
1.0000
1.0000
1.2500
1.2500
0.9375
1.0000
1.0000
1.2500
1.2500
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Square
Triang.
Page 47 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Total Tubes
Art Montemayor
Tube Layouts
Pp, in.
Pn, in.
0.8125
0.704
0.406
0.750
0.9375
0.814
0.469
0.750
1.0000
1.000
1.000
0.750
1.0000
0.707
0.707
0.750
1.0000
0.866
0.500
1.000
1.2500
1.250
1.250
1.000
1.2500
0.884
0.884
1.000
1.2500
1.082
0.625
0.625
Layout
Art Montemayor
Flow
30o Triangular
Flow
Rotated Square
Square
Page 49 of 49
FileName: 329088605.xls
WorkSheet: Tube Pitch Types